EP0827934B1 - Canal de guidage pour grues à conteneurs - Google Patents

Canal de guidage pour grues à conteneurs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0827934B1
EP0827934B1 EP19960306517 EP96306517A EP0827934B1 EP 0827934 B1 EP0827934 B1 EP 0827934B1 EP 19960306517 EP19960306517 EP 19960306517 EP 96306517 A EP96306517 A EP 96306517A EP 0827934 B1 EP0827934 B1 EP 0827934B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
opening
framework
guide chute
pass
chute
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19960306517
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0827934A1 (fr
Inventor
Shuji Hasegawa
Masamitsu Enoki
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Paceco Corp
Original Assignee
Paceco Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Paceco Corp filed Critical Paceco Corp
Priority to EP19960306517 priority Critical patent/EP0827934B1/fr
Priority to DE69631371T priority patent/DE69631371T2/de
Publication of EP0827934A1 publication Critical patent/EP0827934A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0827934B1 publication Critical patent/EP0827934B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C19/00—Cranes comprising trolleys or crabs running on fixed or movable bridges or gantries
    • B66C19/002—Container cranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
    • B66C13/04—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack
    • B66C13/06—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack for minimising or preventing longitudinal or transverse swinging of loads

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to improved apparatus for the operation of cargo container handling cranes having a horizontal gantry supported at an elevated location above the cargo container pickup and deposition areas. More particularly, the present invention relates to the apparatus for reducing cargo container handling and transfer cycle times by employing positive residual sway arrest in a cargo container handling crane which transports containers horizontally along the gantry of the crane. Residual sway in the container pickup apparatus during lowering is arrested by passing it through a guide chute near the end of the lowering cycle.
  • a gantry crane When a cargo container transport ship is berthed alongside a dock, a gantry crane is moved along the dock parallel to the ship to a position where a retractable boom can be extended across the beam of the ship above the ship's cells which are the cargo container carrying area.
  • the retractable boom in its operating position extends horizontally outboard from the crane's superstructure and, in its retracted position, clears the superstructure of any ship berthed alongside the dock adjacent to the crane.
  • Containers can be transported along the gantry of the crane between the dockside pickup and deposition area and any storage position located within the beam of a berthed ship in its holds or on its deck.
  • the gantry portion of the cargo container handling crane includes the retractable boom and a dockside portion and a rear extension of said boom supported by the crane superstructure.
  • Trolleys run along the gantry and suspend cargo container lifting spreaders from fleet-through wire rope reeving for attaching to and picking up cargo containers.
  • the purpose of a gantry crane is to move cargo containers a specific horizontal distance from a pickup area to a deposition area.
  • the pickup area is either a dockside location where a container is picked off of a flatbed trailer or transport truck or railroad car, and moved outboard by the crane and lowered into a shipboard cargo container cell, or the reverse, wherein a container is lifted from a cell onboard ship and moved to a dockside storage area or a truck, trailer or railroad car.
  • the container In a transfer cycle by a crane, the container must first be picked up, then lifted vertically, moved horizontally, and then lowered to its deposition area. During a portion of the move, vertical and horizontal movement of the container can occur simultaneously. For each transfer cycle, the crane must raise or lower a container a specific distance to clear the side of a ship, and a round trip transfer cycle takes a substantial period of time to handle one container.
  • the container handling capacity of a crane is determined and limited by the transfer cycle time. It is an important consideration in the design of a crane to lower cycle times by any small improvement possible.
  • the problem of arresting sway in the cargo container lifting apparatus at the shipside end of the transfer cycle is abated somewhat due to the height of the ship's deck which shortens the length of the suspension ropes, reduces the effect of the pendulum motion, and allows the sway arresting apparatus to be more effective.
  • the containers are lowered into cells in the holds of a ship and all of the cell guides extend upward to the ship's deck from within the holds of the ship.
  • the suspension ropes are shortened even further, reducing even more the effect of the pendulum motion and enhancing the effect of any sway arresting apparatus.
  • a further improvement in the art of sway arrest at the shoreside end of a container transfer cycle is disclosed in the related invention for a Cargo Container Transfer System for Cranes wherein the lifting spreader is dropped through a guide chute at the shoreside end of the cycle before picking up or depositing a cargo container.
  • the present invention is an improvement on the guide chute disclosed therein.
  • a lifting spreader guide chute according to the preamble of claim 1 is already known from WO-A-9 518 741.
  • the improved guide chute of the present invention overcomes the limitations of the prior art sway arrest devices by providing more efficient double function apparatus and method of operation for sway arrest apparatus which lower the cycle transfer time by effectively arresting residual sway of cargo container lifting apparatus at the shoreside end of the transfer cycle.
  • the present invention is an improved lifting spreader guide chute mounted on a cargo container handling crane.
  • the guide chute has a framework forming a pass-through opening for the chute suspended from the supporting structure of the crane and formed for arresting the sway of lifting spreaders being lowered therethrough.
  • the spreader guides are formed to guide the retraction of lifting spreaders being lifted and retracted therethrough.
  • the guides are comprised of a multiplicity of depending arms secured to the framework at their upper ends by pivot connections. The arms are disposed on opposite sides of the pass-through opening of the chute along the length thereof in opposed relation.
  • a means is provided for moving the lower ends of the arms outward and ,away from the vertical planes forming the pass-through opening a uniform distance substantially simultaneously and to return them to a vertical orientation adjacent the outside of the planes of the opening likewise substantially simultaneously.
  • a means is provided for supporting cargo containers by said guide chute framework and effectively blocking the pass-through passage to the passage of cargo containers therethrough.
  • FIG. 1 of the drawings for an illustration of a cargo container handling gantry crane 11 with a retractable boom 13 which projects outboard from the superstructure 15 of the crane over the beam of a ship berthed alongside the dock.
  • the boom in the illustrated embodiment folds upward to project just short of vertically whereby the superstructure of a ship can pass alongside the dock and not interfere with the boom when it is raised.
  • the gantry can slide horizontally outboard over a ship or partially fold when it is raised.
  • the horizontal gantry 17 of the crane extends rearward of the retractable boom in a portion which resides within the superstructure 15 of the crane, and projects further rearward out over a storage area on the landside end of the crane. It is supported at an elevation above container pickup and deposition areas.
  • the gantry is designed to project outboard over a ship moored alongside a dock and the crane superstructure is designed to straddle the dockside cargo container pickup and deposition areas to move containers from and to shoreside transportation.
  • Railroad tracks and roadways pass underneath the superstructure and rear projection of the crane for the delivery and removal of cargo containers thereunder by transportation equipment.
  • the crane superstructure also includes horizontal crossbracing 19 disposed below the gantry.
  • Container path A represents movement of containers into the ship holds.
  • the hatch coverless type of ship is also illustrated by this same illustration by showing the dashed lines of the cells extending to C above the ship's deck.
  • FIG. 2 of the drawings shows the related invention which discloses an improved version of a cargo container handling gantry crane 11 which employs an automatic shuttle 21 to transport containers along the horizontal gantry 17 between trolleys 25, 27 that suspend cargo container lifting spreaders 29.
  • a guide chute 31 is provided for arresting sway of the lifting spreaders at the shoreside end of the gantry.
  • the present invention is an improvement on the guide chute disclosed therein.
  • the configuration of the preferred embodiment of the improved guide chute 31 of the present invention is designed to be employed in the related invention to further reduce cargo container transfer cycle time.
  • the pair of trolleys 25, 27 are disposed at opposite ends of the gantry 17 and can be located at variable locations on the gantry to lift and lower cargo containers from and to pickup and deposition areas located below the gantry.
  • the trolleys are supported on rails that are secured to the gantry.
  • Two pairs of collinear different gauge tracks are mounted on the gantry of the crane, and in the preferred embodiment, the trolleys are mounted on the narrower pair and the shuttle 21 is mounted on the wider pair.
  • Standard computer control of the trolleys 25, 27 utilizes an encoder which counts revolutions of the drive motors or wire rope drums which operate the drive machinery and spreader suspension ropes 33.
  • An optical pulse generator is created by passing an optical beam through a perforated disk which is secured to the drive motors or wire rope drums.
  • An optical detector senses the breaks in the optical beam caused by the disk, and they are counted by the computer whereby the exact position of a cargo container, both vertically and horizontally, with respect to the gantry, and the relative movement with respect thereto, can be accurately determined, whereby the transfer of the containers is accurately controlled.
  • This is fundamental technology in cargo container handling by a crane, and once a spreader has been attached to a container or released, movement of the trolleys, the spreaders 29 and the shuttle 21 are computer controlled.
  • operator control is required at each end of the cycle for two purposes: attachment of a lifting spreader 29 to a container, or positioning of a container for deposition.
  • the operator At the landside end of the crane, the operator must accurately locate the spreader above a container for pickup or deposition from or to a trailer, truck, railroad car, or a stack of containers in a storage area.
  • the operator at the shipside end of the crane must also accurately locate a spreader either unloaded or carrying a container for lowering into a ship's cell or onto a stack of containers freestanding on the deck of a ship.
  • the related invention contemplates providing apparatus for arresting residual sway in the spreader of at the shoreside end of the crane by providing an improved movable lifting spreader guide chute 31 disposed below the gantry 17.
  • the chute can be accurately located above the container pickup and deposition areas located under the crane's superstructure and is formed for preventing lateral movement of lifting spreaders 29 being lowered or raised therethrough.
  • the container guide chute is formed to permit the guided but relatively free passage of lifting spreaders that are raised therethrough.
  • the lifting spreader guide chute is provided at one end of the gantry proximate the shoreside pickup and deposition areas.
  • the guide chute 31 is suspended from the crossbracing girders 19 extending between the legs 35 of the gantry crane.
  • the crossbracing girders extend rearward under the cantilevered rear projection of the crane gantry 17 over the landside container deposition and pickup areas.
  • the guide chute is mounted on rails which are secured to the crossbracing so that it can be moved longitudinally along the girders whereby it can be disposed over almost any of the area underneath the crane where containers can be stored on landside storage areas or located in landside transportation pickup and deposition areas.
  • wheels secured to the framework of the chute are disposed above and below the girder due to the low center of gravity of the mass of the guide chute to prevent it from disengaging from the rails mounted on the girder.
  • a rack and pinion drive motor secured to the trolley framework of the guide chute can be utilized to move it along the crossbracing under computer control.
  • the guide chute 31 has an open framework 37 essentially made of tubes to keep it lightweight and provide a rectangular opening disposed at the lower end of the framework forming the pass-through feature thereof.
  • the container guide chute has openable and closable guides for alternately enlarging and constricting the pass-through opening of the chute. This controllable feature, in turn, allows either relatively unimpeded pass-through or control of the lateral movement of a lifting spreader passing therethrough.
  • the openable and closable guides are disposed at the lower end of the guide chute for effecting the relatively free passage of a lifting spreader through the chute when they are in the open condition and a lifting spreader is rising through the chute. In their simplest form, they are simply panels pivoted at their upper ends in the guide chute which open and close to enlarge or restrict the pass-through opening.
  • the guides are a multiplicity of depending guide bars or arms 39 which are pivoted at their upper ends to the rectangular framework 37.
  • the arms are disposed on opposite sides of the rectangular pass-through opening 41 along the length thereof in opposed relation.
  • Means are provided for moving the lower ends of the arms outward and away from the vertical planes forming the pass-through opening, a uniform distance simultaneously, and to return them to a vertical orientation adjacent to the outside of the planes of said opening, likewise substantially simultaneously.
  • the arms can be actuated by hydraulic cylinders 43 or other motivating means such as electric motors, solenoids, or air cylinders.
  • the guide bars 39 are provided with extension wings 45 which project at an angle outward from the vertical planes of the pass-through opening 41 and above the pivot connection 47 of the arms to the framework 37.
  • the hydraulic cylinders 43 are secured between the framework of the guide chute and the ends of the extension wings to actuate the arms.
  • the guides can be closed for arresting the residual sway of a descending lifting spreader by restricting the lateral movement of the spreader in the pass-through opening of the chute. This arrangement arrests residual sway in a suspended container after horizontal transit and during lowering to assist the accurate placement of the load on the deposition target.
  • the guide chute of the present invention can be utilized as a sway arrest mechanism for any type of crane which moves cargo horizontally wherein the cargo has a known external configuration whereby the size of the interior cavity opening of the guide chute can be predetermined whereby all cargo suspended by the lifting apparatus can be passed through it with close tolerances.
  • Cargo container support means are utilized in the present invention for a lifting spreader guide chute 31 mounted on a cargo container handling crane 11.
  • the support means is comprised of a multiplicity of pairs of rocker arms 49 secured to the framework 37 on opposite sides of the pass-through opening 41 with pivot connections 51.
  • the rocker arms are formed to project into the pass-through opening of the guide chute when they are rotated inward about their pivot connections and to retract clear of the opening when they are rotated outward about the pivot connections.
  • Cargo container bumper topped support surfaces 53 are formed on the rocker arms 49 to engage the underside of an edge of a cargo container when the rocker arms are rotated inward about their pivot connections 51.
  • the rocker arms include a rib member extending from the pivot connection to the support surface.
  • Stop blocks 57 are also formed on the rocker arms to engage the framework 37 of the chute 31 when the rocker arms are rotated inward to limit the projection of the support surfaces into the pass-through opening 41 and to carry a portion of the load imposed on the rocker arms when the support surfaces are carrying a cargo container.
  • the stop blocks are formed to engage a portion of the framework at a position above the support surface track of rotation about the pivot connection of the arms. Hydraulic cylinders 59 are provided for reciprocating the rocker arms inward and outward.
  • the guide chute 31 is comprised of the rectangular framework 37 which forms a pass-through opening in the top plan view for arresting the sway of lifting spreaders which are lowered therethrough by being restrained against lateral movement of the sides of the opening until the sway stops.
  • the framework from which the rectangular framework depends is formed of angled guide bars which act as the sides of the chute.
  • the spreader stoppers, the stop blocks on the rocker arms, are a safety feature.
  • a chassis operator such as a truck driver, cannot move a truck or container chassis under a free-hanging lifting spreader suspended by wire rope.
  • stopper means are provided in the guide chute to block a container and spreader combination from passing downward through the guide chute and support its weight.
  • the guides can be closed upon command to stop and support a container for this purpose. In this manner, a chassis operator may drive or move the chassis into receiving position under the supported load. Then, the load can be released and placed on the chassis saving time and eliminating unnecessary chassis operator evacuation procedures during loading.
  • An operator's cab 61 is disposed proximate the lifting spreader guide chute 31 and is secured thereto whereby it is formed to move therewith as the chute is moved to different locations along the crossbracing 19. This permits the operator to be continually located close to the container pickup area where the lifting spreader 29 must be attached to a cargo container located on shoreside transportation or in a storage area.

Claims (3)

  1. Canal de guidage (31) de préhenseur de levage, monté sur une grue (11) de manutention de conteneurs, ledit canal de guidage comprenant :
    un bâti (37) formant une ouverture de passage (41) pour que ledit canal suspendu à une structure de support de ladite grue et formé pour arrêter le balancement de préhenseurs de levage soit abaissé au travers de celle-ci, ledit canal de guidage de préhenseur de levage étant caractérisé par :
    des guides (39) de préhenseur suspendus audit bâti et formés pour guider le mouvement vers le haut des préhenseurs de levage soulevés et rétractés par ceux-ci, lesdits guides comprenant une multiplicité de bras dépendants fixés audit bâti à leurs extrémités supérieures par des connexions de pivotement, lesdits bras étant disposés sur des côtés opposés de l'ouverture de passage dudit canal suivant la longueur de celui-ci en relation opposée,
    lesdits guides de préhenseur étant pourvus d'ailes d'extension (45) qui dépassent d'un angle vers l'extérieur depuis les plans verticaux de ladite ouverture de passage et au-dessus de la connexion de pivotement desdits bras audit bâti, et
    des cylindres hydrauliques (43) fixés entre ledit bâti et lesdites ailes d'extension pour déplacer les extrémités inférieures desdits bras vers l'extérieur et à distance des plans verticaux formant ladite ouverture de passage d'une distance sensiblement uniforme simultanément et pour les ramener vers une orientation verticale adjacente à l'extérieur des plans de ladite ouverture, également d'une manière sensiblement simultanée.
  2. Canal de guidage de préhenseur de levage selon la revendication 1, comprenant, en outre, des moyens (49) de support de conteneur montés sur ledit bâti de canal de guidage formant ladite ouverture de passage dudit canal, lesdits moyens de support pouvant être activés pour bloquer efficacement ladite ouverture de passage au passage des conteneurs au travers de celle-ci, lesdits moyens de support comprenant,
       une multiplicité de paires de bras basculants (49) fixés audit bâti sur des côtés opposés de ladite ouverture de passage avec des connexions de pivotement, lesdits bras basculants étant formés pour dépasser dans ladite ouverture de passage dudit canal de guidage lorsqu'ils pivotent vers l'intérieur autour desdites connexions de pivotement et pour se rétracter de ladite ouverture lorsqu'ils pivotent vers l'extérieur autour desdites connexions de pivotement,
       des surfaces (53) de support de conteneur formées sur lesdits bras basculants pour s'engager avec le dessous d'un bord d'un conteneur lorsque lesdits bras basculants pivotent vers l'intérieur,
       des blocs d'arrêt (57) formés sur lesdits bras basculants pour s'engager avec ledit bâti dudit canal lorsque lesdits bras basculants pivotent vers l'intérieur pour limiter le dépassement desdites surfaces de support dans ladite ouverture et pour supporter une partie de la charge imposée auxdits bras basculants lorsque lesdites surfaces de support supportent un conteneur, et
       des moyens (59) pour donner un mouvement alternatif vers l'intérieur et vers l'extérieur auxdits bras basculants.
  3. Canal de guidage de préhenseur de levage selon la revendication 2, dans lequel lesdits bras basculants pivotent autour de leurs extrémités inférieures à leurs connexions de pivotement avec ledit bâti, chacun desdits bras basculants comprend un organe de nervure s'étendant depuis sa dite connexion de pivotement vers sa dite surface de support et chacun desdits blocs d'arrêt est formé pour s'engager avec une partie dudit bâti en une position au-dessus de la piste de rotation de sa surface de support de bras basculant autour de sa dite connexion de pivotement.
EP19960306517 1996-09-09 1996-09-09 Canal de guidage pour grues à conteneurs Expired - Lifetime EP0827934B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19960306517 EP0827934B1 (fr) 1996-09-09 1996-09-09 Canal de guidage pour grues à conteneurs
DE69631371T DE69631371T2 (de) 1996-09-09 1996-09-09 Führungsschacht für Container-Kräne

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19960306517 EP0827934B1 (fr) 1996-09-09 1996-09-09 Canal de guidage pour grues à conteneurs

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0827934A1 EP0827934A1 (fr) 1998-03-11
EP0827934B1 true EP0827934B1 (fr) 2004-01-21

Family

ID=8225077

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19960306517 Expired - Lifetime EP0827934B1 (fr) 1996-09-09 1996-09-09 Canal de guidage pour grues à conteneurs

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EP (1) EP0827934B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69631371T2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110116964B (zh) * 2019-04-15 2023-11-24 苏州爱拓玛机械科技有限公司 一种管体清洗吊篮用的吊装结构
CN112623936A (zh) * 2020-12-25 2021-04-09 博大视野(厦门)科技有限公司 一种双箱检测方法及使用该方法的吊具
CN115057349B (zh) * 2022-06-08 2024-01-26 靖江市亚泰特种材料制造有限公司 一种集装箱移动装置
WO2024042260A1 (fr) * 2022-08-26 2024-02-29 Barbera Mayor Juan Carlos Grue portique pour conteneurs

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3412827A1 (de) * 1984-04-05 1985-10-24 Fried. Krupp Gmbh, 4300 Essen Seilhubwerk eines kranes
US4747745A (en) * 1985-11-21 1988-05-31 Marathon Letourneau Company Selective beam gantry crane
FI85971C (fi) * 1990-06-29 1992-06-25 Kone Oy Anordning foer daempning av ett lastningsorgans svaengning.
US5570986A (en) * 1994-01-03 1996-11-05 Paceco Corp. Cargo container transfer system for cranes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69631371D1 (de) 2004-02-26
EP0827934A1 (fr) 1998-03-11
DE69631371T2 (de) 2004-12-30

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