EP0825273B1 - Revêtement de substrats avec des céramiques à haute température - Google Patents

Revêtement de substrats avec des céramiques à haute température Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0825273B1
EP0825273B1 EP97305993A EP97305993A EP0825273B1 EP 0825273 B1 EP0825273 B1 EP 0825273B1 EP 97305993 A EP97305993 A EP 97305993A EP 97305993 A EP97305993 A EP 97305993A EP 0825273 B1 EP0825273 B1 EP 0825273B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
high temperature
propadiene
stream
temperature ceramic
mapp
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97305993A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0825273A1 (fr
Inventor
G.K. Creffield
M.A. Cole
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BOC Group Ltd
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BOC Group Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by BOC Group Ltd filed Critical BOC Group Ltd
Publication of EP0825273A1 publication Critical patent/EP0825273A1/fr
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/129—Flame spraying

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of coating a substrate with high temperature ceramics.
  • high temperature ceramics is intended to encompass oxides, carbides and nitrides of metals such as chromium, aluminium and zirconium having a melting point above 1800°C.
  • Chromium oxide has been plasma-sprayed on substrates for many years for applications in such industries as the aerospace and automobile industries.
  • a further need for relatively thick, high hardness and low porosity chromium oxide coatings is in the print roller industry.
  • coatings are usually laser engraved thereby producing indents which are designed to hold ink. The harder and thicker the coating, the greater the density of holes that can be achieved.
  • Atmospheric plasma spraying has produced coating densities between 90- 95% theoretical values, but this allows aggressive gases to penetrate the open porosity and damage both the coating and substrate material.
  • Considerable work has been attempted to reach gas tightness in plasma-sprayed chromium oxide coatings using vacuum plasma spraying, post heat treatments and capsule hot isostatic pressings, but with little success.
  • acetylene is a fuel gas well-known for its tendency to decompose with violence and has to be used at relatively low pressures.
  • MAPP methylacetylene and propadiene
  • MAPP is a registered trade mark of the Air Reduction Company, Inc.
  • MAPP is a mixture of methylacetylene and propadiene together with diluents or stabilisers such as propane and propylene.
  • diluents can be present for example, methane, butane or ethane but in small percentage amounts.
  • MAPP is used extensively particularly in the United States as a safer and more economic substitute for acetylene (see, for example, EP-A-0621079).
  • Maintaining a constant pressure and flow rate presents further problems. This is because as the level of the liquid fuel in the pressurised cylinder decreases, the temperature likewise decreases due to the latent heat of vaporization. A reduction in temperature within the pressurised cylinder results in a reduction of pressure which adversely affects both the pressure and flow rate of the vaporized fuel stream.
  • a method of coating a substrate with a high temperature ceramic comprises the steps of:
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an apparatus 2 for generating a vaporised stream of MAPP having a substantially constant pressure, flow rate and composition.
  • the apparatus 2 includes a storage container 4 for liquid MAPP having an inlet 6 for receiving an inert gas, for example, nitrogen via a conduit 8 extending from a pressurised nitrogen gas cylinder 10.
  • the storage container 4 contains a tube 12 which extends almost to the floor 14 of the container and which provides a pathway for the flow of liquid MAPP when pressure is applied by the incoming nitrogen.
  • the storage container 4 includes an outlet 16 through which pressurised liquid MAPP can pass into a conduit 18 via a flexible delivery tube 20. The flow of liquid MAPP through the conduit 18 is controlled by a valve 22.
  • the conduit 18 is connected to a vaporiser 24 operating at a temperature sufficient to vaporise the liquid MAPP.
  • a suitable vaporiser is a hot water/glycol vaporiser maintained at a temperature sufficient to vaporise each component of the liquid MAPP, typically between 30 and 100°C by means of a thermostatically controlled immersion heater 26.
  • the flow of liquid MAPP from the conduit 18 into the vaporiser 24 is controlled by a temperature sensitive shut off valve 28 which includes a thermal probe 30 which detects the temperature of the water bath within the vaporiser.
  • the valve 28 is operated to prevent the flow of the liquid MAPP into the vaporiser 24 until the water bath has attained a minimum desired temperature sufficient for vaporisation of the liquid MAPP.
  • the valve 28 therefore prevents flooding of the vaporiser 24 with the liquid MAPP before it has reached operating temperature and thus avoids any liquid fuel carry over into the vaporising portion of the apparatus 2.
  • the vaporiser 24 transforms the liquid MAPP into a heated high pressure, high flow rate vaporised fuel stream having a temperature of typically up to about 50°C.
  • the vaporised MAPP stream exits the vaporiser 24 through a conduit 32 controlled by a valve 34.
  • the conduit 32 may be heated and/or insulated to prevent condensation of the vaporised MAPP stream.
  • the conduit 32 may be wrapped in a heating tape for this purpose.
  • nitrogen from the gas cylinder 10 is fed to the storage container 4 via the conduit 8.
  • a pressure regulator 36 is provided to ensure that the nitrogen is fed into the storage container 4 at a suitable pressure, typically from about 0.91 to 1.35 MPa about (115 to 190 psig), preferably from about 0.99 to 1.24 MPa about (140 - 175 psig).
  • a safety valve 38 is provided in the conduit 8 to allow the release of the nitrogen through a vent 40 when the storage container 4 has been substantially relieved of the liquid MAPP.
  • the nitrogen enters the head space 42 of the container 4 thereby exerting a downward force against the surface 44 of the liquid MAPP.
  • the MAPP is therefore forced upwardly through the tube 12 and out of the outlet 16 and thus eventually into the vaporiser 24.
  • the apparatus 50 includes a high velocity oxyfuel gun 52 (see also Figure 3) having a gas mixing chamber 54, a combustion chamber 56 and a nozzle 58 extending outwardly from the combustion chamber 56.
  • the chambers 54, 56 are divided by a partition 55 provided with holes 57.
  • communicating with the gas mixing chamber 54 is a first conduit 60 connected to a source of oxygen under pressure and a second conduit 62 connected to the conduit 32 extending from the vaporiser 24.
  • Conduit 64 extends from a chromium oxide powder reservoir 66.
  • a pipe 68 extends from a source of argon under pressure into the upper (as shown) end of the reservoir 66.
  • the gun 52 is provided with channels for a coolant, for example water.
  • MAPP vapour is supplied to the gas mixing chamber 54 from the vaporiser 24 via conduits 32, 62 at a substantially constant pressure, flow rate and gas composition.
  • a stream of oxygen is supplied via the conduit 60 into the gas mixing chamber 54.
  • the oxygen and the MAPP vapour are mixed in the mixing chamber and exit the mixing chamber to enter the combustion chamber 56 of the gun 52 via the holes 57 where they are ignited.
  • argon under pressure passes through the pipe 68 into the reservoir 66 where it entrains chromium oxide powder and thereafter passes through the conduit 64 directly into the combustion chamber 56. Exhaust flames and heated powdered chromium oxide particles leave the combustion chamber through the nozzle 58 and are deposited on the substrate 70.
  • Chromium oxide coated test samples were produced using a high velocity oxyfuel gun, having a 22 millimetre combustion chamber designed for high melting point powders.
  • High purity chromium oxide, powder size range between 5 and 22 ⁇ m was used to spray all test samples at a powder feed rate of 25 grams per minute using high purity argon carrier gas at 11.5 litres per minute.
  • the MAPP vapour was introduced into the combustion chamber at a pressure of 85 psi (0.59 MPa) and a flowrate of 70 l/min and the oxygen was introduced into the combustion chamber at a pressure of 150 psi (1.03 MPa) and a flow rate of 233 I/min.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Procédé de revêtement d'un substrat avec une céramique pour hautes températures, comprenant les étapes de :
    (a) injection, dans une cuve contenant un mélange liquide méthyl-acètylène/propadiène, d'un gaz inerte sous pression suffisante pour générer un courant du mélange liquide méthyl-acétylène/ propadiène ;
    (b) retrait dudit courant du mélange liquide méthyl-acétylène/propadiène de la cuve ;
    (c) vaporisation dudit courant du mélange liquide méthyl-acétylène/propadiène ;
    (d) fourniture du mélange méthyl-acètylène/propadiène vaporisé via une canalisation chauffée et/ou isolée à une chambre de mélange d'un pistolet de pulvérisation à haute vitesse par flamme d'oxygène et de combustible (HVOF) où il est mélangé avec de l'oxygène sous pression ;
    (e) introduction dudit mélange dans une chambre de combustion dudit pistolet de pulvérisation à haute vitesse par flamme d'oxygène et de combustible (HVOF) simultanément avec une céramique en poudre pour hautes températures entraínée dans un courant d'un gaz inerte ; et
    (f) pulvérisation des particules chauffées de céramique pour hautes températures sur la surface d'un substrat.
  2. Procédé selon la Revendication 1, dans lequel la céramique pour hautes températures est l'oxyde de chrome qui est appliqué sur le substrat sur un épaisseur allant jusqu'à 380 µm.
  3. Procédé selon la Revendication 1, dans lequel la céramique pour hautes températures est l'oxyde de zirconium.
  4. Procédé selon les Revendications 1, 2 ou 3, dans lequel le gaz inerte injecté est l'azote.
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des Revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel la céramique pour hautes températures est entraínée dans un flux d'argon.
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des Revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel le mélange méthylacétylène/propadiène vaporisé est fourni à la chambre de mélange sous une pression, un débit et une composition sensiblement constants.
EP97305993A 1996-08-20 1997-08-06 Revêtement de substrats avec des céramiques à haute température Expired - Lifetime EP0825273B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB9617441.2A GB9617441D0 (en) 1996-08-20 1996-08-20 Coating substrates with high temperature ceramics
GB9617441 1996-08-20

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0825273A1 EP0825273A1 (fr) 1998-02-25
EP0825273B1 true EP0825273B1 (fr) 2001-10-31

Family

ID=10798710

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97305993A Expired - Lifetime EP0825273B1 (fr) 1996-08-20 1997-08-06 Revêtement de substrats avec des céramiques à haute température

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0825273B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU718396B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2212908C (fr)
DE (1) DE69707788T2 (fr)
GB (1) GB9617441D0 (fr)
NZ (1) NZ328457A (fr)
PL (1) PL183877B1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA976826B (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19844934A1 (de) * 1998-09-30 2000-04-06 Linde Ag Brennstoff für das thermische Spritzen
FR3002238A1 (fr) * 2013-02-15 2014-08-22 Messier Bugatti Dowty Procede de production d'une couche de revetement sur un substrat

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1115738A (en) * 1965-12-02 1968-05-29 Metallisation Ltd An improved process of, and apparatus for, the manufacture of products of sprayed metal or having a coating so formed
US4006838A (en) * 1974-11-25 1977-02-08 Western Industries, Inc. Brazing alloy and brazing paste for gas container joints
US4421799A (en) * 1982-02-16 1983-12-20 Metco, Inc. Aluminum clad refractory oxide flame spraying powder
US4928879A (en) * 1988-12-22 1990-05-29 The Perkin-Elmer Corporation Wire and power thermal spray gun
DE3843436A1 (de) * 1988-12-23 1990-06-28 Linde Ag Verfahren und vorrichtung zur versorgung von verbrauchern mit acetylen oder verwandten brenngasen oder brenngasgemischen und anwendung
US5520334A (en) * 1993-01-21 1996-05-28 White; Randall R. Air and fuel mixing chamber for a tuneable high velocity thermal spray gun
DE4305896A1 (de) * 1993-02-26 1994-09-01 Utp Schweissmaterial Druckausgleichskammer mit Einsatzelement
CA2119430A1 (fr) * 1993-04-20 1994-10-21 Joseph P. Mercurio Revetements d'oxyde denses realises par pulverisation a chaud

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL183877B1 (pl) 2002-07-31
DE69707788T2 (de) 2002-05-23
CA2212908A1 (fr) 1998-02-20
EP0825273A1 (fr) 1998-02-25
AU3422597A (en) 1998-02-26
PL321654A1 (en) 1998-03-02
DE69707788D1 (de) 2001-12-06
GB9617441D0 (en) 1996-10-02
NZ328457A (en) 1998-11-25
AU718396B2 (en) 2000-04-13
ZA976826B (en) 1998-02-11
CA2212908C (fr) 2007-10-23

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