EP0823861B1 - Dispositif permettant de separer des fluides - Google Patents

Dispositif permettant de separer des fluides Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0823861B1
EP0823861B1 EP96908988A EP96908988A EP0823861B1 EP 0823861 B1 EP0823861 B1 EP 0823861B1 EP 96908988 A EP96908988 A EP 96908988A EP 96908988 A EP96908988 A EP 96908988A EP 0823861 B1 EP0823861 B1 EP 0823861B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure pipe
heating
modules
winding
wound
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96908988A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0823861A1 (fr
Inventor
René S. DANZIGER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cm Celfa AG
Original Assignee
Krebs and Co AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Krebs and Co AG filed Critical Krebs and Co AG
Publication of EP0823861A1 publication Critical patent/EP0823861A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0823861B1 publication Critical patent/EP0823861B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/36—Pervaporation; Membrane distillation; Liquid permeation
    • B01D61/362—Pervaporation
    • B01D61/3621—Pervaporation comprising multiple pervaporation steps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/36—Pervaporation; Membrane distillation; Liquid permeation
    • B01D61/362—Pervaporation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D63/10—Spiral-wound membrane modules
    • B01D63/12—Spiral-wound membrane modules comprising multiple spiral-wound assemblies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2313/00—Details relating to membrane modules or apparatus
    • B01D2313/22—Cooling or heating elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2313/00—Details relating to membrane modules or apparatus
    • B01D2313/22—Cooling or heating elements
    • B01D2313/221—Heat exchangers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for Separation of fluids using a pressure pipe to hold at least comprises two winding modules, according to the preamble of Claim 1.
  • winding modules with selective membranes for Separation of fluids.
  • the mixed fluids supplied to the device become feed solution, those that have flowed through the membrane of the winding module Fluids are called permeate and the remaining fluids are called retentate designated.
  • General is the mass transport through the Membrane of the winding module proportional to the driving force that means the difference in the chemical potential of the fluids the two sides of the membrane. The potential difference is thereby achieved that on the winding module, which is within a Pressure pipe is arranged, a negative or positive pressure becomes.
  • Such a device is disclosed in US-A-3,367,504 consisting of a pressure tube and a winding module arranged in it described that for seawater desalination using reverse osmosis is used.
  • the water to be desalinated becomes more likely Pretreatment introduced as feed solution in the pressure pipe and leaves it as purified, treated water in the form of a Permeates.
  • the winding module used here consists of a or several membrane pockets, each with a mesh-like Spacers (feed spacers) made of plastic or metal are spirally wrapped around a permeate manifold.
  • Each Membrane pocket consists of two membranes, between which there is a porous plastic or metal knit (Permeate spacer). The membrane pocket is on three sides closed.
  • the feed solution enters the end face of the winding module and flows into axial direction through the winding module. It penetrates separating component, in this example the water, through which Membrane and flows as a permeate within the porous support layer in the radial direction spiral the permeate collection tube to. Because the yield of a single winding module is relatively low is to achieve the desired yields in generally several modules one behind the other in the direction of flow arranged within the pressure pipe. The retentate forms of the previous winding module, the feed solution for the subsequent module.
  • Such devices with winding modules are used of suitable membranes also in pervaporation technology used.
  • a liquid mixture is created by means of permeation separated by a permselective membrane on one side is overflowed by the liquid mixture.
  • Certain components the liquid penetrate through the membrane more preferably than others.
  • the part penetrating the membrane, the permeate is carried away in the form of steam on the other side of the membrane. In the winding module, this takes place in the permeate tube.
  • the Residual liquid i.e. the liquid that does not penetrate through the membrane Proportion of the liquid mixture forms the retentate.
  • the driving force for the transport of the permeating Component is the partial pressure differential between the feed and the permeate side of the membrane. This pressure difference can can be achieved in different ways. At the moment commercially used devices will be on the A permeate side of the membrane created a vacuum, the vacuum is preferably achieved by cooling the permeate so strongly, that it condenses.
  • winding modules instead of winding modules preferably devices of a different type of module construction used. These have a sandwich-like Build up and consist of pervaporation chambers and Heating chambers together. Each pervaporation chamber is there arranged between two heating chambers. Such The device is known from EP-A-0'572'355. Through the Use of the heating chambers becomes even Temperature distribution achieved, which increases the efficiency. These devices have a layered structure however, a smaller membrane surface per unit volume than the known devices that contain winding modules, so that their active area is less. Another disadvantage is that they are relatively expensive to manufacture. This is all the more disadvantageous since the membrane itself is a limited one Life and then be replaced got to. Of all membrane modules, winding modules can be used on easiest to be replaced.
  • winding modules are less expensive, which makes the manufacturing and Operating costs of pervaporation devices reduced become. It is therefore also devices with winding modules known which the heat loss when flowing through the membrane compensate.
  • EP-A-0'641'593 discloses a device for pervaporation, which is a pressure pipe with several arranged in series Includes winding modules and an external heat exchanger.
  • the Retentate, which leaves the first winding module, is from the Pressure pipe passed into the external heat exchanger, where it is on the desired operating temperature is heated. Then will it as a feed solution for the subsequent winding module in the Pressure pipe returned.
  • Patent Abstracts of Japan, vol. 7, no. 191 further discloses an arrangement of several winding modules in series.
  • the Retentate of a winding module is always outside the Winding module device warmed up before being fed into the subsequent winding module is conducted.
  • US-A-5'294'345 describes a device for pervaporation with a pressure pipe and a single one arranged therein Winding module, the pressure tube being a double-walled has heated jacket.
  • the feed input is in Arranged flow direction rear area of the winding module, thus the feed solution along as long a route as possible the wall of the pressure pipe flows, so before entering the Winding module to be heated to the desired temperature.
  • the less expensive ones Winding modules used the one to be separated Fluid not only before entering the pressure pipe and thus in the first module is heated, but also before entering every additional module. This will inside the device ensures an almost constant temperature and thus the Efficiency increased.
  • the one required for the separation of the fluids Membrane surface is increased by the efficiency downsized.
  • the heater heats at least one area between two winding modules arranged one behind the other, so that Retentate, which leaves the one winding module, is heated, before it flows through the subsequent winding module as a feed.
  • the retentate / feed remains in the pressure tube of the winding module.
  • the Transition area from one winding module to the next is like this trained that the retentate / feed a turbulent Has flow. Thanks to this turbulent flow, a sufficiently large heat transfer from the heater to Retentate / feed guaranteed.
  • in Transition area means for generating a turbulent There is a flow, for example static mixers.
  • the device according to the invention for the separation of fluids is compact design. Furthermore, only a small number of Connection lines, e.g. retentate outputs, necessary.
  • the device according to the invention basically has one similar structure to the known, heat exchangerless Devices with winding modules, of which an embodiment in 1 is shown. This embodiment becomes Pervaporation used.
  • devices used have the same basic structure, essentially only changes Condition of the membrane used and Transport mechanism, that means the driving force for the Mass transport through the membrane, which by the application an overpressure or underpressure is achieved.
  • the device shown here comprises a pressure pipe 1 which preferably made of metal, plastic or glass is.
  • the pressure pipe 1 generally has an entrance and at least two outputs.
  • the input becomes feed input 2 called and serves to supply the fluids to be separated, the is called the feed solution.
  • One exit is the permeate exit 3, through which the permeated through the membrane of the winding modules Fluid can be drained.
  • the other exit is that Retentate outlet 4 for guiding the not through the membrane squat liquid.
  • At least two winding modules 5 are located inside the pressure tube arranged one behind the other in the direction of flow. Every winding module has one or more membrane pockets 50 which together with the feed spacers around a porous permeate collection tube 51 are wound.
  • the outer surface of each winding module is relative to the pressure pipe 1 by means of retentate seals 40 sealed so that the feed solution through the winding module must flow.
  • the winding modules 5 connected in series can be connected by means of coupling pieces 6, as this is shown in Figure 3.
  • Each coupling piece 6 connects adjacent permeate manifolds 51 so that a continuous Channel up to permeate outlet 3 at the end of the pressure pipe 1 arises.
  • the permeate collection tube of the first, the feed inlet 2 the closest winding module is on its feed inlet side Completed at the end, for example by means of a End cap 60.
  • a permeate outlet 3 is arranged at each end of the permeate collecting tubes 51 facing away from the feed inlet, and the individual tubes are not connected to one another.
  • FIG. 2 shows schematically that the individual tubes are not connected to one another within the pressure tube.
  • Each end of the permeate collecting tubes 51 facing the feed inlet is closed off by means of an end cap 60 or similar means.
  • the pressure pipe preferably consists of pipe sections 10 which can be connected to one another by means of flanges 11. The advantage of this embodiment is that a better vacuum, that is to say a lower absolute pressure, can be achieved within the individual permeate collecting tubes. This improves the mass transfer through the membrane.
  • a permeate outlet is arranged after a certain number of winding modules connected to one another.
  • the winding modules 5 are held in the pressure tube 1 by known means.
  • holding means also called ATD or anti-telescoping devices, are arranged in the pressure pipe 1 and prevent the unwound membrane from unrolling. These holding means are not shown in the figures.
  • the use of interconnected permeate manifolds or multiple permeate outlets is independent of the type of heater used.
  • the inventive shown in Figures 2 and 3 Device has a heating device 7, which at least an area between the winding modules arranged one behind the other heated.
  • the heater includes heating elements 70, each are arranged in the area between two winding modules 5 each. Electrical heating resistors can be used as heating elements 70 are arranged on the outer jacket of the pressure tube 1 are.
  • the heating elements can be attachments on the Pressure pipe are arranged and flowed through by a heating medium are.
  • Each heating element has an input 71 and one Output 72 for supplying and removing the heating medium on.
  • the pressure pipe can be one in these areas have double-walled jacket, the space between one Heating medium is flowed through.
  • the entire Jacket 73 of the pressure pipe 1 is double-walled, so that one or more gaps are created that are caused by a heating medium, for example water, water vapor or a Heat transfer oil are flowed through.
  • a heating medium for example water, water vapor or a Heat transfer oil are flowed through.
  • an inlet 71 and on the retentate side End an outlet 72 arranged for the heating medium.
  • the double-walled jacket can be used to improve baffles be arranged the flow of the heating medium.
  • the advantage of this embodiment is that it is simple is producible that regardless of the number of winding modules used and that is only two connections are required for the heating medium.
  • the heating device in turn consists of individual heating elements, which in the form of heat exchangers between the individual winding modules are arranged and which of the as Retentate used in the feed solution can be flowed through.
  • These are preferably tube-bundle heat exchangers.
  • each transition from a winding module to next can be heated individually so that the Temperature of the feed solution according to the concentration of the permeable portion in the solution can be controlled.
  • the means for generating turbulent flows one or more spirals, which at the Coupling piece that connects the two permeate manifolds are arranged.
  • this is Holding device, the ATD, between two winding modules like this designed that swirls in the feed solution flowing through be generated.
  • Two holding means can also be used be arranged one behind the other, their through openings are arranged twisted to each other.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Degasification And Air Bubble Elimination (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Dispositif pour la séparation de fluides, qui comporte un tube sous pression (1) servant à recevoir au moins deux modules enroulés (5), dans lequel les deux modules enroulés (5) au moins présents sont disposés l'un derrière l'autre dans la direction de l'écoulement et le tube sous pression (1) présente une entrée d'alimentation (2) et au moins une sortie (3) de perméat et une sortie (4) de rétentat, le dispositif comportant un dispositif de chauffage (7) servant à réchauffer une solution d'alimentation lors de son passage d'un module enroulé jusque dans un module enroulé disposé à la suite du premier,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif de chauffage est configuré de telle sorte qu'au moins une zone de passage du tube sous pression (1) située entre les deux modules enroulés (5) disposés l'un derrière l'autre au moins présents et traversée par la solution d'alimentation à réchauffer présente dans le tube sous pression lors de son passage d'un module enroulé jusque dans le module enroulé disposé à la suite, est chauffée;
    et en ce que la zone de passage est configurée de telle sorte que la solution d'alimentation à réchauffer présente un écoulement turbulent.
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de chauffage (7) peut être chauffé au moyen d'un fluide de chauffage qui le traverse.
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le tube sous pression (1) présente une enveloppe à double paroi pour la réception du fluide de chauffage dans son espace intermédiaire.
  4. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de chauffage (7) contient des éléments chauffants (70) qui sont tous disposés dans la zone située entre deux modules enroulés.
  5. Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que des moyens pour créer un écoulement turbulent sont prévus dans la zone située entre les modules enroulés (5).
  6. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que pour chaque module enroulé (5) à recevoir, il existe une sortie (3) de perméat.
  7. Dispositif selon les revendications 2 et 4, caractérisé en ce que chaque élément chauffant est constitué d'un échangeur de chaleur qui est disposé à l'intérieur du tube sous pression et qui est situé entre les modules enroulés lorsque ces derniers sont repris.
  8. Utilisation du dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, avec les modules enroulés qui y sont repris, pour la pervaporation de fluides.
  9. Utilisation du dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, avec les modules enroulés qui y sont repris, pour la perméation de gaz.
EP96908988A 1995-04-24 1996-04-18 Dispositif permettant de separer des fluides Expired - Lifetime EP0823861B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH116595 1995-04-24
CH116595 1995-04-24
CH1165/95 1995-04-24
PCT/CH1996/000142 WO1996033798A1 (fr) 1995-04-24 1996-04-18 Dispositif permettant de separer des fluides

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0823861A1 EP0823861A1 (fr) 1998-02-18
EP0823861B1 true EP0823861B1 (fr) 2000-01-05

Family

ID=4203999

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96908988A Expired - Lifetime EP0823861B1 (fr) 1995-04-24 1996-04-18 Dispositif permettant de separer des fluides

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0823861B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH11503968A (fr)
AT (1) ATE188395T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59604121D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1996033798A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DK200200008A (da) 2002-01-04 2003-07-05 Uniq Filtration Technology As Forbedret metode til ultrafiltrering
US7758754B2 (en) * 2007-01-09 2010-07-20 Membrane Technology And Research, Inc Pervaporation process and assembly
EP2401064A1 (fr) 2009-02-25 2012-01-04 Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne Inc. Système de séparation de fluides ayant un encrassement réduit
DE102010008383A1 (de) * 2010-02-17 2011-08-18 fischer eco solutions GmbH, 77855 Wärmeübertragersystem
WO2015135545A1 (fr) * 2014-03-11 2015-09-17 Gea Process Engineering A/S Appareil et procédé de filtration sur membrane
WO2024004839A1 (fr) * 2022-06-28 2024-01-04 日東電工株式会社 Dispositif de séparation par membrane, système de séparation par membrane et procédé de fonctionnement d'un dispositif de séparation par membrane

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4296951A (en) * 1979-06-29 1981-10-27 Ladish Co. Spheroidal interconnector for filtration modules
EP0062494A3 (fr) * 1981-04-02 1984-03-21 Kuraray Co., Ltd. Procédé et appareil pour séparer les composants d'un mélange liquide
USRE33678E (en) * 1987-06-23 1991-09-03 Union Carbide Industrial Gases Technology Corporation Membrane separation system and process
US4874405A (en) * 1989-02-14 1989-10-17 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Coupling fluid separation membrane elements
US5294345A (en) * 1993-02-01 1994-03-15 Membrane Technology And Research, Inc. Membrane module assembly
US5445731A (en) * 1993-09-08 1995-08-29 Texaco Inc. Pervaporation vessel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0823861A1 (fr) 1998-02-18
ATE188395T1 (de) 2000-01-15
DE59604121D1 (de) 2000-02-10
JPH11503968A (ja) 1999-04-06
WO1996033798A1 (fr) 1996-10-31

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