EP0819889A1 - Temperature measuring device - Google Patents
Temperature measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- EP0819889A1 EP0819889A1 EP97810431A EP97810431A EP0819889A1 EP 0819889 A1 EP0819889 A1 EP 0819889A1 EP 97810431 A EP97810431 A EP 97810431A EP 97810431 A EP97810431 A EP 97810431A EP 0819889 A1 EP0819889 A1 EP 0819889A1
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- Prior art keywords
- flame
- optical
- measuring device
- temperature
- sensor
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
- F23N5/08—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using light-sensitive elements
- F23N5/082—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using light-sensitive elements using electronic means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2229/00—Flame sensors
- F23N2229/16—Flame sensors using two or more of the same types of flame sensor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2241/00—Applications
- F23N2241/20—Gas turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for controlling combustion
- F23N2900/05005—Mounting arrangements for sensing, detecting or measuring devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
- F23N5/08—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using light-sensitive elements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of combustion technology. It relates to a device for flame temperature measurement, as described in the preamble of the first claim.
- the flame temperature is a key parameter in the combustion of fossil fuels because it correlates directly with the chemical reaction kinetics and the formation of pollutants such as NO x .
- knowledge of the energy release during the combustion process is essential for the design of combustion chambers and the determination of mechanical and thermal stresses on all components involved.
- the current temperature measurement techniques can be roughly divided into two categories; some use non-optical temperature sensors and others use optical ones.
- the non-optical temperature measuring devices include the point sensors, which include thermocouples, for example. They offer a simple and inexpensive way of determining the temperature at discrete points, but must be installed in the immediate vicinity of the flame and thus influence the flame. Furthermore, due to their fragility, thermocouples can only be used to a limited extent in a turbulent high-temperature environment in which chemical surface reactions additionally impair the thermocouples.
- optical temperature measuring devices have been developed. These include absorption and fluorescence techniques, as well as various measurement techniques that use laser scattered light.
- the optical measurement methods mentioned have in common that they require a light source, a laser. They are therefore active in nature, but unlike the thermocouples, they have no influence on the flame. Taking into account the emitted light from the source and the measurement volume, these methods infer the temperature of a flame.
- a known optical, inactive temperature measurement is carried out by means of pyrometry, the black body radiation emitted by soot particles contained in the flame being used.
- pyrometric temperature measuring systems on flames from gaseous fuels is problematic. Due to the very low soot content, the optical signal is very weak. The signal analysis complicates the fact that the temperature and wavelength-dependent emissivity of the radiating soot particles is only roughly known, which, in conjunction with undesirable absorption effects on the way to the detector, impairs the accuracy of the method.
- the measuring sensors are either arranged at right angles to the direction of flow of the fuel mixture next to the flame front in the combustion chamber, or they are located on the downstream side of the burner in a front plate, the measuring sensors being oriented obliquely towards the flame front.
- a particular disadvantage of such an installation is that the flame does not burn at a fixed point due to thermoacoustic vibrations in the combustion chamber, but fluctuates in a combustion chamber area. The consequence of this is that the temperature determination with the described measurement installation is faulty, since a single flame level cannot be continuously detected.
- the invention is based on the object of further developing an optical temperature measuring device of the type mentioned at the outset such that an accurate temperature measurement can be carried out unaffected by combustion chamber pulsations, the measuring sensor being able to allow a quick measurement without adversely affecting the flame and, moreover, the measuring sensor being inexpensive and robust.
- optical measurement sensors arranged directly upstream in the fuel flow, which are oriented essentially parallel and / or coaxially to the fuel flow, detect the entire flame front in the flow direction.
- the optical Measurement sensors have no influence on the flame and at the same time the optical temperature measurement remains unaffected by local fluctuations in the flame due to the thermoacoustic pressure oscillations occurring in a gas turbine combustion chamber.
- an optical measurement sensor is arranged coaxially in the fuel flow within the premixing zone of a burner and a number of further optical measurement sensors are arranged in the burner wall parallel to the fuel flow.
- the evaluation unit connected to the measurement sensors for determining the flame temperature from the detected optical signals is not shown, for example.
- Fig. 1 denotes a conical burner, such as is used in a gas turbine, for example.
- the burner 1 is supplied with fuel on one side via a fuel line 4 and with combustion air via an air line 10.
- Fuel and combustion air are fed to the burner 1 in a flow direction 5 through separate lines, and the fuel and the combustion air are then mixed with one another as evenly as possible in a premixing zone 3.
- the burner 1 closes downstream with a front plate 9.
- the front plate 1 is part of a flame tube 2, which is further delimited by a combustion chamber wall 6.
- a flame 8 burns in the flame tube 2 on the downstream side of the premixing zone 3.
- measuring sensors 7 are arranged in the burner 1 and in the fuel line connected to it.
- the measuring sensors 7 are installed on the one hand essentially parallel to the direction of flow 5 of the fuel in the premixing zone 3, or on the other hand are located in the center of the fuel line 4. All of the measuring sensors are oriented towards the flame front 8.
- the numerical aperture of the measuring sensor 7 is chosen to be so large that a conical observation volume is opened which contains the areas of the flame front which are relevant for the combustion process.
- the flame front 8 is viewed from its upstream side with the measuring sensors 7. If the flame 8 fluctuates due to thermoacoustic combustion chamber pulsations in a plane perpendicular to the flow direction 5, the optical temperature measurement remains largely unaffected. In spite of the fluctuations mentioned, the entire flame front 8 is always detected by the measurement sensors 7 or, according to the arrangement of a measurement sensor 7 installed in the premixing zone 3, always the same flame detail.
- FIG. 2 shows the arrangement of the measurement sensors 7 in a sectional illustration along the line BB in FIG. 1.
- a measurement sensor 7 is in the center the fuel line 4 is arranged, while six further measuring sensors 7 surround the fuel line 4 at a radial distance.
- Each measuring sensor 7 comprises a number of glass fibers 11, each of which acts as a measuring sensor.
- the number of installed measuring sensors 7 in one burner is not important, however. According to the invention, it is conceivable to arrange only one measuring sensor 7 in the center of the fuel line 4, this measuring sensor 7 being equipped with a glass fiber 11 or, for redundancy purposes, with a plurality of glass fibers 11. Accordingly, an exclusive solution with the measurement sensors 7 surrounding the fuel line 4 is also conceivable.
- the number of measurement sensors 7 used, as well as the number of glass fibers 11 arranged in them, must be adapted to requirements.
- the decisive installation criterion for the measurement sensors 7 is their arrangement directly upstream of the flame front 8. Only in this position can an optical temperature measurement be carried out largely independently of possible flame movements and thus ensures the greatest possible stability of the sensor signals.
- the measurement sensors 7 are connected, for example, to a suitable spectrometer, not shown here.
- a spectral analysis is then carried out using known methods, which allow an association between the spectral analysis and the flame temperature.
- Known absorption and fluorescence techniques for determining the flame temperature can also be used by means of the arrangement according to the invention.
- the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiment shown and described. According to the invention, it is conceivable to arrange the measuring sensors so as to be displaceable parallel to the flow direction in order to adjust them to the associated flame level at varying load points of the burner 1. In the same sense, an adjusting device for the angle of inclination with respect to the burner axis for the measuring sensors 7 installed within the premixing zone is also conceivable.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Combustion (AREA)
- Radiation Pyrometers (AREA)
- Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf das Gebiet der Verbrennungstechnik. Sie betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Flammentemperaturmessung, wie sie im Oberbegriff des ersten Anspruchs beschrieben ist.The present invention relates to the field of combustion technology. It relates to a device for flame temperature measurement, as described in the preamble of the first claim.
Seit Beginn der Forschung auf dem Gebiet der Verbrennungstechnik, kommt der Bestimmung der Flammentemperatur ein hoher Stellenwert zu. Die Flammentemperatur ist bei der Verbrennung fossiler Brennstoffe ein Schlüsselparameter, da sie direkt mit der chemischen Reaktionskinetik und der Bildung von Schadstoffen, wie beispielsweise NOx korreliert. Darüber hinaus ist die Kenntnis der Energiefreisetzung während des Verbrennungsprozesses unentbehrlich für die Auslegung von Brennkammern und die Bestimmung von mechanischen und thermischen Beanspruchungen aller beteiligten Komponenten.Since the beginning of research in the field of combustion technology, the determination of the flame temperature has been of great importance. The flame temperature is a key parameter in the combustion of fossil fuels because it correlates directly with the chemical reaction kinetics and the formation of pollutants such as NO x . In addition, knowledge of the energy release during the combustion process is essential for the design of combustion chambers and the determination of mechanical and thermal stresses on all components involved.
Derzeit existiert eine Vielzahl von Techniken für die Messung von Flammentemperaturen. Dabei stellen die extremen Einsatzbedingungen allerdings eine grosse Herausforderung an die Temperatursenoren dar, so dass nicht ohne weiteres jeder unter sauberen Laborbedingungen erprobte Temperatursensor Anwendung in einer Industriebrennkammer finden kann.There are currently a number of techniques for measuring flame temperatures. However, the extreme operating conditions represent a major challenge for the temperature sensors, so that not every temperature sensor tested under clean laboratory conditions can easily be used in an industrial combustion chamber.
Grob können die heute gängigen Temperaturmesstechniken in zwei Kategorien eingeteilt werden; bei den einen gelangen nicht optische Temperatursensoren zum Einsatz und bei den anderen optische.The current temperature measurement techniques can be roughly divided into two categories; some use non-optical temperature sensors and others use optical ones.
Zu den nichtoptischen Temperaturmessvorrichtungen zählen die Punktsensoren, die beispielsweise Thermoelemente umfassen. Sie bieten eine einfache und preiswerte Möglichkeit der Temperaturbestimmung an diskreten Punkten, müssen allerdings in unmittelbarer Nähe zur Flamme installiert sein, und nehmen damit Einfluss auf die Flamme. Desweiteren sind Thermoelemente aufgrund ihrer Zerbrechlichkeit nur eingeschränkt in einer turbulenten Hochtemperaturumgebung einsetzbar, in welcher zusätzlich noch chemische Oberflächenreaktionen die Thermoelemente beeinträchtigen.The non-optical temperature measuring devices include the point sensors, which include thermocouples, for example. They offer a simple and inexpensive way of determining the temperature at discrete points, but must be installed in the immediate vicinity of the flame and thus influence the flame. Furthermore, due to their fragility, thermocouples can only be used to a limited extent in a turbulent high-temperature environment in which chemical surface reactions additionally impair the thermocouples.
Insbesondere seit Bekanntwerden der Lasertechnologie wurden zahlreiche optische Temperaturmessvorrichtungen entwickelt. Hierunter fallen unter anderem Absorptions- und Fluoreszenstechniken, sowie verschiedene Messtechnik, die sich des Laserstreulichts bedienen. Den genannten optischen Messverfahren ist gemeinsam, dass sie eine Lichtquelle, einen Laser, benötigen. Sie sind damit aktiver Natur, nehmen aber im Gegensatz zu den Thermoelementen keinen Einfluss auf die Flamme. Diese Verfahren schliessen unter Berücksichtigung des emittierten Lichtes der Quelle und des Messvolumens auf die Temperatur einer Flamme.In particular since laser technology became known, numerous optical temperature measuring devices have been developed. These include absorption and fluorescence techniques, as well as various measurement techniques that use laser scattered light. The optical measurement methods mentioned have in common that they require a light source, a laser. They are therefore active in nature, but unlike the thermocouples, they have no influence on the flame. Taking into account the emitted light from the source and the measurement volume, these methods infer the temperature of a flame.
Eine bekannte optische, nicht aktive Temperaturmessung wird mittels Pyrometrie durchgeführt, wobei die von in der Flamme enthaltenen Russteilchen emittierte Schwarzkörperstrahlung ausgenützt wird. Problematisch ist allerdings die Anwendung pyrometrischer Temperaturmesssysteme an Flammen aus gasförmigen Brennstoffen. Aufgrund des sehr geringen Russgehalts ist hier das optische Signal sehr schwach. Bei der Signalanalyse kommt erschwerend hinzu, dass das temperatur- und wellenlängenabhängige Emissionsvermögen der strahlenden Russteilchen nur ungefähr bekannt ist, was in Verbindung mit unerwünschten Absorptionseffekten auf dem Weg zum Detektor die Genauigkeit der Methode beeinträchtigt.A known optical, inactive temperature measurement is carried out by means of pyrometry, the black body radiation emitted by soot particles contained in the flame being used. However, the use of pyrometric temperature measuring systems on flames from gaseous fuels is problematic. Due to the very low soot content, the optical signal is very weak. The signal analysis complicates the fact that the temperature and wavelength-dependent emissivity of the radiating soot particles is only roughly known, which, in conjunction with undesirable absorption effects on the way to the detector, impairs the accuracy of the method.
Die Installation aller bekannten, optischen Temperaturmessvorrichtungen erfolgt in möglichst geringem Abstand zu einer Flamme. Hierfür sind die Messensoren entweder rechtwinklig zur Strömungsrichtung des Brennstoffgemischs neben der Flammenfront in der Brennkammer angeordnet, oder sie befinden sich abströmseitig des Brenners in einer Frontplatte, wobei die Messensoren schräg zur Flammenfront hin ausgerichtet sind.All known, optical temperature measuring devices are installed as close as possible to a flame. For this purpose, the measuring sensors are either arranged at right angles to the direction of flow of the fuel mixture next to the flame front in the combustion chamber, or they are located on the downstream side of the burner in a front plate, the measuring sensors being oriented obliquely towards the flame front.
Besonders nachteilig bei einer derartigen Installation ist, dass die Flamme aufgrund thermoakustischer Schwingungen in der Brennkammer nicht an einem Fixpunkt brennt, sondern in einem Brennkammerbereich fluktuiert. Dies hat zur Folge, dass die Temperaturbestimmung mit der beschriebenen Messinstallation fehlerbehaftet ist, da eine einzelne Flammenebene nicht kontinuierlich erfasst werden kann.A particular disadvantage of such an installation is that the flame does not burn at a fixed point due to thermoacoustic vibrations in the combustion chamber, but fluctuates in a combustion chamber area. The consequence of this is that the temperature determination with the described measurement installation is faulty, since a single flame level cannot be continuously detected.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine optische Temperatmessvorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art dahingehend weiterzuentwickeln, dass unbeeinflusst von Brennkammerpulsationen eine genaue Temperaturmessung durchgeführt werden kann, wobei der Messensor eine schnelle Messung erlauben soll ohne die Flamme zu beeinträchtigen und zudem der Messensor preiswert und robust ist.The invention is based on the object of further developing an optical temperature measuring device of the type mentioned at the outset such that an accurate temperature measurement can be carried out unaffected by combustion chamber pulsations, the measuring sensor being able to allow a quick measurement without adversely affecting the flame and, moreover, the measuring sensor being inexpensive and robust.
Erfindungsgemäss wird diese Aufgabe durch die Merkmale des ersten Anspruchs gelöst.According to the invention, this object is achieved by the features of the first claim.
Der Kern der Erfindung ist darin zu sehen, dass die unmittelbar stromaufwärts im Brennstoffstrom angeordneten optischen Messensoren, welche im wesentlichen parallel und/oder koaxial zum Brennstoffstrom ausgerichtet sind, die gesamte Flammenfront in Strömungsrichtung erfassen. Dabei nehmen die optischen Messensoren keinen Einfluss auf die Flamme und gleichzeitig bleibt die optische Temperaturmessung unbeeinträchtigt von lokalen Fluktuationen der Flamme aufgrund der in einer Gasturbinenbrennkammer auftretenden thermoakustischen Druckschwingungen.The essence of the invention is to be seen in the fact that the optical measurement sensors arranged directly upstream in the fuel flow, which are oriented essentially parallel and / or coaxially to the fuel flow, detect the entire flame front in the flow direction. The optical Measurement sensors have no influence on the flame and at the same time the optical temperature measurement remains unaffected by local fluctuations in the flame due to the thermoacoustic pressure oscillations occurring in a gas turbine combustion chamber.
Die Vorteile der Erfindung sind unter anderem darin zu sehen, dass während des Gasturbinenbetriebes eine exakte von Brennkammerpulsation unabhängige optische Flammentemperaturmessung erfolgen kann, da bei entsprechend gross gewählter Apertur des optischen Sensors trotz der in Strömungsrichtung fluktuierenden Flamme immer die gesamte Flammenfront erfasst wird.The advantages of the invention can be seen, inter alia, in the fact that an exact optical flame temperature measurement that is independent of combustion chamber pulsation can take place during gas turbine operation, since with a correspondingly large aperture of the optical sensor, the entire flame front is always detected despite the flame fluctuating in the flow direction.
Es ist besonders zweckmässig, wenn ein optischer Messensor innerhalb der Vormischzone eines Brenners koaxial in der Brennstoffströmung angeordnet ist und eine Anzahl weiterer optischer Messensoren parallel zur Brennstoffströmung in der Brennerwand angeordnet sind.It is particularly expedient if an optical measurement sensor is arranged coaxially in the fuel flow within the premixing zone of a burner and a number of further optical measurement sensors are arranged in the burner wall parallel to the fuel flow.
In der Zeichnung sind Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung schematisch dargestellt, und zwar zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- einen Längsschnitt durch eine Brenner mit angrenzender Brennkammer;
- Fig. 2
- eine Schnittdarstellung des Brenners gemäss der Linie B-B in Fig. 1.
- Fig. 1
- a longitudinal section through a burner with an adjacent combustion chamber;
- Fig. 2
- a sectional view of the burner along the line BB in Fig. 1st
Es sind nur die für das Verständnis der Erfindung wesentlichen Elemente gezeigt. Nicht dargestellt sind beispielsweise die an die Messensoren angeschlossenen Auswerteeinheit zur Bestimmung der Flammentemperatur aus den erfassten optischen Signalen.Only the elements essential for understanding the invention are shown. The evaluation unit connected to the measurement sensors for determining the flame temperature from the detected optical signals is not shown, for example.
In Fig. 1 ist mit 1 ein kegelförmiger Brenner bezeichnet, wie er beispielsweise in einer Gasturbine Anwendung findet. Der Brenner 1 wird an einer Seite über eine Brennstoffleitung 4 mit Brennstoff und über eine Luftleitung 10 mit Verbrennungsluft versorgt. Brennstoff und Verbrennungsluft werden dem Brenner 1 in einer Strömungsrichtung 5 durch separate Leitungen zugeführt und in einer Vormischzone 3 werden anschliessend der Brennstoff und die Verbrennungsluft möglichst gleichmässig miteinander vermischt. Stromabwärts schliesst der Brenner 1 mit einer Frontplatte 9 ab. Die Frontplatte 1 ist Bestandteil eines Flammrohres 2, welches desweiteren von einer Brennkammerwand 6 begrenzt wird. In dem Flammrohr 2 brennt abströmseitig der Vormischzone 3 eine Flamme 8.In Fig. 1, 1 denotes a conical burner, such as is used in a gas turbine, for example. The burner 1 is supplied with fuel on one side via a
Zur optischen Temperaturmessung sind im Brenner 1 und in der an ihn angeschlossenen Brennstoffleitung 4 Messensoren 7 angeordnet. Die Messensoren 7 sind zum einen im wesentlichen parallel zur Strömungsrichtung 5 des Brennstoffs in der Vormischzone 3 installiert, oder befinden sich zum anderen im Zentrum der Brennstoffleitung 4. Die in den Messensoren sind alle zur Flammenfront 8 hin ausgerichtet. Die numerische Apertur des Messensors 7 wird so gross gewählt, dass ein kegelförmiges Beobachtungsvolumen eröffnet wird, welches die für den Verbrennungsprozess relevanten Bereiche der Flammenfront beinhaltet. Für die Temperaturbestimmung wird die Flammenfront 8 von ihrer Anströmseite her mit den Messensoren 7 betrachtet. Fluktuiert die Flamme 8 aufgrund thermoakustischer Brennkammerpulsationen in einer zur Strömungsrichtung 5 senkrechten Ebene, so bleibt die optische Temperaturmessung davon weitgehend unbeeinflusst. Von den Messensoren 7 wird nämlich trotz der genannten Fluktuationen immer die gesamte Flammenfront 8 erfasst oder entsprechend der Anordnung eines in der Vormischzone 3 installierten Messensors 7 immer der gleiche Flammenausschnitt.For optical temperature measurement, 4
Fig. 2 zeigt die Anordnung der Messensoren 7 in einer Schnittdarstellung entlang der Linie B-B in Fig. 1. Zu erkennen ist hier, dass ein Messensor 7 im Zentrum der Brennstoffleitung 4 angeordnet ist, während sechs weitere Messensoren 7 radial beabstandet die Brennstoffleitung 4 umgeben. Jeder Messensor 7 umfasst dabei eine Anzahl Glasfibern 11, von denen jeder als Messaufnehmer fungiert. Die Anzahl der installierten Messensoren 7 in einem Brenner ist allerdings nicht von Belang. So ist erfindungsgemäss denkbar, lediglich einen Messensor 7 im Zentrum der Brennstoffleitung 4 anzuordnen, wobei dieser Messensor 7 mit einer Glasfiber 11 oder aus Redundanzzwecken mit mehreren Glasfibern 11 ausgestattet ist. Dementsprechend ist auch eine ausschliessliche Lösung mit den die Brennstoffleitung 4 umgebenden Messensoren 7 denkbar. Die Anzahl der verwendeten Messensoren 7 ist genauso wie die Anzahl der in ihnen angeordneten Glasfibern 11 dem Bedarf anzupassen.FIG. 2 shows the arrangement of the
Das massgebliche Installationskriterium für die Messensoren 7 ist ihre Anordnung direkt stromaufwärts der Flammenfront 8. Nur in dieser Position ist eine optische Temperaturmessung weitgehend unabhängig von möglichen Flammenbewegungen durchführbar und gewährleistet somit eine grösstmögliche Stabilität der Sensorsignale.The decisive installation criterion for the
Zur Auswertung der aufgenommenen Signale, sind die Messensoren 7 beispielsweise mit einem geeigneten, hier nicht dargestellten Spektrometer verbunden. Mit bekannten Verfahren wird dann eine Spektralanalyse durchgeführt, die eine Zuordnung zwischen der Spektralanalyse und der Flammentemperatur erlauben. Ebenso sind mittels der erfindungsgemässen Anordnung bekannte Absorptions- und Fluoreszenztechniken zur Bestimmung der Flammentemperatur anwendbar.To evaluate the recorded signals, the
Selbstverständlich ist die Erfindung nicht auf das gezeigte und beschriebene Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt. So ist erfindungsgemäss denkbar, die Messensoren parallel zur Strömungsrichtung verschiebbar anzuordnen, um sie bei variierenden Lastpunkten des Brenners 1 der zugehörigen Flammenebene anzugleichen. Im gleichen Sinn ist auch eine Einstellvorrichtung des Neigungswinkels bezüglich der Brennerachse für die innerhalb der Vormischzone installierten Messensoren 7 denkbar.Of course, the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiment shown and described. According to the invention, it is conceivable to arrange the measuring sensors so as to be displaceable parallel to the flow direction in order to adjust them to the associated flame level at varying load points of the burner 1. In the same sense, an adjusting device for the angle of inclination with respect to the burner axis for the measuring
- 11
- Brennerburner
- 22nd
- FlammrohrFlame tube
- 33rd
- VormischzonePremixing zone
- 44th
- BrennstoffleitungFuel line
- 55
- StrömungsrichtungFlow direction
- 66
- BrennkammerwandCombustion chamber wall
- 77
- MessensorMeasuring sensor
- 88th
- FlammenfrontFlame front
- 99
- FrontplatteFront panel
- 1010th
- LuftleitungAir duct
- 1111
- Glasfaserglass fiber
Claims (4)
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Anzahl optischer Messensoren (7) unmittelbar stromaufwärts einer Flammenfront (8) in einer Vormischzone (3) eines Brenners (1) angeordnet ist und dabei jeder optische Messensor (7) im wesentlichen parallel und/oder koaxial zu einer in die Gasturbinenbrennkammer geführten Brennstoffströmung (5) ausgerichtet ist.Temperature measuring device, in particular for flame temperature measurement in a gas turbine combustion chamber, the temperature measuring device comprising a number of optical measuring sensors (7)
characterized,
that the number of optical measurement sensors (7) is arranged directly upstream of a flame front (8) in a premixing zone (3) of a burner (1) and each optical measurement sensor (7) is essentially parallel and / or coaxial with a fuel flow led into the gas turbine combustion chamber (5) is aligned.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass jeder Messensor (7) eine Anzahl Glasfasern (11) umfasst, die zu einem Bündel zusammengefasst sind.Temperature measuring device according to claim 1,
characterized,
that each measuring sensor (7) comprises a number of glass fibers (11) which are combined into a bundle.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass eine Mehrzahl von optischen Messensoren (7) in der die Vormischzone (3) begrenzenden Wand des Brenners (1) angeordnet sind.Temperature measuring device according to claim 1,
characterized,
that a plurality of optical measurement sensors (7) are arranged in the wall of the burner (1) delimiting the premixing zone (3).
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass ein optischer Messensor (7) an der in die Vormischzone (3) hineinragenden Brennstoffleitung (4) angeordnet ist.Temperature measuring device according to claim 1,
characterized,
that an optical measuring sensor (7) is arranged on the fuel line (4) projecting into the premixing zone (3).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19628960 | 1996-07-18 | ||
| DE19628960A DE19628960B4 (en) | 1996-07-18 | 1996-07-18 | temperature measuring |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0819889A1 true EP0819889A1 (en) | 1998-01-21 |
| EP0819889B1 EP0819889B1 (en) | 2007-02-07 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP97810431A Expired - Lifetime EP0819889B1 (en) | 1996-07-18 | 1997-07-02 | Temperature measuring device |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6142665A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0819889B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP4112043B2 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19628960B4 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8274560B2 (en) | 2006-09-19 | 2012-09-25 | Abb Research Ltd | Flame detector for monitoring a flame during a combustion process |
Families Citing this family (43)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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-
1997
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- 1997-07-02 EP EP97810431A patent/EP0819889B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-07-02 DE DE59712810T patent/DE59712810D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-07-18 JP JP19389497A patent/JP4112043B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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| JPS6340824A (en) * | 1986-08-05 | 1988-02-22 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Diagnosis of combustion state |
| DE4025852A1 (en) * | 1989-12-27 | 1991-07-04 | Deutsches Brennstoffinst | Combined igniter and flame monitor for industrial furnaces - has bundle of optical fibres surrounding electrical feed to spark gap in mouth of reaction chamber |
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| US8274560B2 (en) | 2006-09-19 | 2012-09-25 | Abb Research Ltd | Flame detector for monitoring a flame during a combustion process |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE19628960B4 (en) | 2005-06-02 |
| JPH1082701A (en) | 1998-03-31 |
| DE19628960A1 (en) | 1998-01-22 |
| US6142665A (en) | 2000-11-07 |
| DE59712810D1 (en) | 2007-03-22 |
| JP4112043B2 (en) | 2008-07-02 |
| EP0819889B1 (en) | 2007-02-07 |
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