EP0819064B1 - Procede d'impression par transfert thermique de colorants, a compensation de pertes electriques - Google Patents
Procede d'impression par transfert thermique de colorants, a compensation de pertes electriques Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0819064B1 EP0819064B1 EP96910996A EP96910996A EP0819064B1 EP 0819064 B1 EP0819064 B1 EP 0819064B1 EP 96910996 A EP96910996 A EP 96910996A EP 96910996 A EP96910996 A EP 96910996A EP 0819064 B1 EP0819064 B1 EP 0819064B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- stra
- pulse
- duration
- supply voltage
- resistive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- 238000010023 transfer printing Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000015654 memory Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007651 thermal printing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 23
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010200 validation analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/315—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by selective application of heat to a heat sensitive printing or impression-transfer material
- B41J2/32—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by selective application of heat to a heat sensitive printing or impression-transfer material using thermal heads
- B41J2/35—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by selective application of heat to a heat sensitive printing or impression-transfer material using thermal heads providing current or voltage to the thermal head
- B41J2/355—Control circuits for heating-element selection
- B41J2/36—Print density control
- B41J2/37—Print density control by compensation for variation in current
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method thermal printing by depositing dyestuffs.
- the present invention relates more particularly a continuous tone printing process by diffusion of coloring matter, of the type described in the articles ⁇ Measurement of thermal transients in a thermal print head used for dye diffusion color printing ⁇ , by P.W. Webb and R.A. Hann, IEE Proceedings-A Vol 138, N ° 1 January 1991, and ⁇ A simple simulation for simultaneous diffusion of dye and heat in dye thermal diffusion transfer printing ⁇ by A. Kaneko, Journal of Imaging Science, volume 35, N ° 4, July / August 1991.
- Such a method which makes it possible to carry out a high quality printing, is particularly applicable to the personalization of plastic cards, such as smart cards, magnetic cards, badges, etc.
- Figure 1 shows a printing device 1 according to this process, intended for the personalization of plastic cards, of a known type and already described in French patent applications N ° 90 14329 or N ° 94 02116 in the name of the plaintiff and respectively published in WO-A-92/09052 and EP-A-0 669 589.
- the printing device 1 includes two pairs 2, 3 of secondary rollers of conveying of a plastic card 4 to be printed, a roll main 5 conveying and printing, one head printing 6 of which only the useful end in the form of bar is shown, an ink ribbon 7 having three sequences of colorants primary, usually Yellow (J), Magenta (M) and Cyan (VS).
- Card 4 is sandwiched between the head 6 and the main roll 5 with interposition of the ink ribbon 7.
- the card 4 moves step by step according to a direction of printing S marked on the figure 1 and for each movement of the card corresponds equivalent displacement of the ink ribbon 7 and printing a line.
- printing a pattern takes place line by line for a first sequence of primary color until the entire length of the card is scanned, then the card returns to position initial for printing a second sequence of primary color, etc. After three printing sequences we obtain by combination of the three primary colors a whole palette of colors.
- Figure 2 shows the underside of the print head 6 in contact with the ribbon 7, and the Figure 3 shows schematically the structure print head electric 6. Together, these two figures provide a better understanding of the mechanism printing.
- the print head 6 comprises a row of n resistive heating points P i (P 1 , P 2 , ... P n ), i being an index ranging from 1 to n.
- each resistive point P i is activated by a train of voltage pulses of the same duration, and is thus brought to a temperature of diffusion of the coloring matter with which the ribbon 7 is covered. 'order of 200 to 300 ° C.
- Each resistive point P i thus ensures the printing of an elementary image point (Pixel), the set of image points constituting a line.
- the corresponding resistive point P i is not activated.
- FIG. 3 it can be seen schematically that the voltage pulses of constant duration ensuring the activation of the resistive points P i are applied by means of a plurality of switches I i (I 1 , I 2 , ... I n ) connected to a voltage source 8 Va via an electric cable 9.
- the switches I i are controlled by an electronic circuit 11 which opens and closes them alternately.
- the electronic circuit 11 determines, as a function of the image to be printed, the number of pulses of voltage Va which should be applied to each resistive point P i .
- the quantity of primary color deposited for each elementary image point is thus modulated, which makes it possible to obtain, after combination of the three primary colors, a wide variety of color shades.
- Such variations in color intensity originate from an electrical problem. More precisely, when the printing of a line requires that a large number of resistive dots P i be activated at the same time (large pattern), there is a significant current draw in the voltage source 8 and the voltage Va supplied to the print head 6 decreases appreciably. Such a voltage drop is due to various electrical losses by the Joule effect between the source 8 and the print head 6, in particular in the cable 9 which has a non-negligible length due to practical requirements. Conversely, when the printing of a line only requires the activation of a small number of resistive dots (small pattern), the current is low and the voltage drop negligible.
- the present invention provides a method of the type mentioned above, in which: the control signal comprises a first pulse of fixed and predetermined duration followed by a second pulse of variable duration, and the duration of the second impulse is determined for the duration of the first impulse based on the actual value that presents the supply voltage. Thanks to splitting the control signal into two pulses successive of which the first is of constant duration, it becomes possible to realize a simple, precise system, reliable and cost effective.
- the duration of the second pulse can be selected in an electronic memory in which are stored several possible values of the duration of the second pulse.
- the second pulse is added to the first pulse using a OR type logic gate.
- Figure 5 shows the electrical diagram of a print head 20 according to the present invention, usable especially for printing a card plastic.
- the print head 20 comprises a plurality of resistive heating points P 1 , P 2 , ... P n , each resistive point P i being electrically connected to a supply voltage source Va via a switch T i of a plurality of switches, here bipolar transistors T 1 , T 2 , ... T n .
- Each transistor T i is controlled by a logic gate E i of a plurality of logic gates E 1 , E 2 , ... E n of the ET type, and each AND gate receives on a first input a signal STRB for controlling the duration of a voltage pulse, common to all the other AND gates.
- the signal STRB is delivered by a circuit 23 for compensating for electrical losses according to the invention, which will be described in detail below.
- each AND gate receives the output of a memory point M i from a plurality of memory points M 1 , M 2 , ... M n of a shift register 21, by means of a buffer memory 22 controlled by a validation signal LT. All of these elements are controlled by a central unit 24 with a microprocessor, which has in electronic memories a model of the pattern to be printed.
- a phase of printing a line comprises a predetermined number N of cycles of activation of the resistive points P i , for example 255 cycles.
- the central unit 24 configures the shift register 21, validates at the output of the buffer memory 22 the binary values contained in the memory points M i of the register 21 by activating the signal LT, then sends a signal STRA in input of circuit 23 according to the invention, which on reception of STRA applies for a determined time the signal STRB to the AND gates.
- the maximum energy Emax which can be applied to a resistive point P i is equal to 255 times the value of the quantity of elementary energy e
- the minimum energy Emin is zero if the memory point M i correspondent is never set to 1 during the 255 cycles.
- the temperature to which a resistive point P i is brought during a printing phase, and consequently the intensity of the color of the printed image point depends on the number of voltage pulses received. This process is controlled by the central unit 24 from the programming sequences of the memory points M i of the register 21.
- the duration T of the voltage pulses is calculated by the circuit 23 so that the quantity of elementary energy e transmitted by each pulse is constant in the presence of fluctuations in the supply voltage Va.
- the real value V that the supply voltage Va presents when the resistive points P i are activated is likely to decrease in proportion to the number of resistive points P i activated simultaneously, due to various electrical losses by Joule effect.
- T To (Vo / V) 2
- the relation (7) can make it possible to calculate, from the voltage difference ⁇ V which the supply voltage Va undergoes, the duration T which a voltage pulse must have to confer on the resistive points P i a constant amount of energy.
- the present invention provides an embodiment of the circuit 23 illustrated in FIG. 6.
- the circuit 23 comprises a circuit 50 which receives in input a reference voltage Vref equal to Vo, as well as the actual value V of the supply voltage Va, taken for example from the terminals of all the resistive points P i .
- the circuit 50 delivers on reception of a falling edge of the signal STRA a signal STRA + of duration t, t being the compensation duration determined according to relation (12).
- the duration of STRA is the fixed nominal duration To of a pulse according to the prior art which does not take account of fluctuations in the supply voltage.
- the signal STRA + is added to the signal STRA by any means useful for forming the signal STRB, for example by means of a logic gate 51 of the OR type.
- the signal STRA + is not emitted and the duration of STRB is equal to that of STRA, that is to say To.
- ⁇ V is not zero, the signal STRA + transmitted on the falling edge of STRA is added to the signal STRA, so that the total duration of STRB is equal to To + t.
- FIG. 7 represents an exemplary embodiment of the circuit 50 by means of digital circuits.
- Circuit 50 includes a differential amplifier 52 receiving Vref on its positive input and V on its negative input.
- Amplifier 52 drives the analog input of a analog / digital converter 53, here a 8-bit resolution converter, synchronized by the STRA signal.
- the output of converter 53 is applied to the address entries of a memory 54 of EPROM type, whose digital output is applied in input of a logic monostable circuit 55, for example a down-counter circuit, controlled by a reverse signal / STRA from STRA.
- the memory 54 is used as a correspondence table in which we have stored, for various values of fluctuations ⁇ V, corresponding values of the duration t of the signal STRA +, calculated according to the relation (12).
- the internal organization of the memory 54 can therefore be represented by the following table 1. address entry ⁇ Vo ⁇ V1 ⁇ V2 ⁇ V3 ⁇ V4 ⁇ V5 ; ⁇ V256 duration t (STRA +) to t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 ;
- the memory 54 is controlled by 8 address input bits (resolution of the converter 53), we have stored in its memory areas 256 different durations to, t1, t2, ... t256 of the signal STRA +, corresponding to a decomposition of the ⁇ V fluctuations in 256 values, ⁇ Vo, ⁇ V1, ⁇ V2, ... ⁇ V256.
- ⁇ Vo ⁇ V1
- ⁇ V2 ... ⁇ V256.
- the converter 53 on reception of a rising edge of STRA transforms ⁇ V into digital data which corresponds to an address of an area of the memory 54 and to a selection of a duration t of the signal STRA +. This value t is found in digital form at the input of circuit 55.
- circuit 55 On reception of / STRA, circuit 55 sets its output STRA + to 1 during a countdown time which depends on the value t selected. We therefore see that the choice of the duration t of STRA + is made between the instant when STRA goes to 1 and the instant when STRA goes back to 0. Indeed, as we have already said, it is necessary that the determination of the duration T of STRB is carried out while the resistive points P i are activated, otherwise V would always be equal to Vo.
- circuit 50 of this invention can also be implemented using analog components, as shown in figure 8.
- FIG. 8 there is a differential amplifier 56 which calculates ⁇ V from the actual voltage V and the voltage Vref (Vo).
- the output ⁇ V of the amplifier 56 is applied to a capacitor 57 connected to the input of a operational amplifier 58 via a switch 59.
- Switch 59 controlled by the signal / STRA inverse of STRA, is closed when STRA is at 0.
- the capacitor 57 charges when STRA is at 1 (duration To) and discharges when STRA goes to 0, the time of discharge being proportional to ⁇ V.
- circuit 23 according to the present invention can still do the subject of numerous variants and improvements.
- circuit 23 was separate from the central unit 24. However, in the practical, there is nothing to prevent circuit 23 from being integrated in the central unit 24. None stands in the way also that the process of the invention is implemented work by means of calculation algorithms executed by central unit and implementing one of the relationships previously described.
Landscapes
- Electronic Switches (AREA)
Description
- la figure 1 représente schématiquement un dispositif d'impression par transfert thermique de colorants, et a été décrite précédemment,
- la figure 2 représente vue de dessous une tête d'impression du dispositif de la figure 1, et a été décrite précédemment,
- la figure 3 représente schématiquement la structure électrique de la tête d'impression de la figure 2, et a été décrite précédemment,
- la figure 4 représente un motif imprimé sur une carte plastique et illustre un problème que résout la présente invention,
- la figure 5 représente sous forme de blocs le schéma électrique d'une tête d'impression selon la présente invention,
- la figure 6 représente de façon plus détaillée un bloc de la figure 5,
- la figure 7 représente un mode de réalisation d'un élément du schéma de la figure 6, et
- la figure 8 représente un autre mode de réalisation d'un élément du schéma de la figure 6.
entrée adresse | ΔVo | ΔV1 | ΔV2 | ΔV3 | ΔV4 | ΔV5 | ..... | ΔV256 |
durée t (STRA+) | to | t1 | t2 | t3 | t4 | t5 | ..... | t256 |
Claims (7)
- Procédé d'impression thermique au moyen d'une tête d'impression (6, 20) comportant une pluralité de points résistifs (Pi) activés par des impulsions d'une tension d'alimentation (Va) susceptible de fluctuer (ΔV) en fonction du nombre (N) de points résistifs (Pi) simultanément activés, l'activation des points résistifs (Pi) étant contrôlée par un signal de commande (STRB) appliqué à la tête d'impression (6, 20) dont la durée est déterminée de manière que l'énergie (e) apportée aux points résistifs (Pi) par chacune desdites impulsions de tension (Va) soit sensiblement constante et indépendante des fluctuations (ΔV) de la tension d'alimentation (Va), procédé caractérisé par le fait que l'application du signal de commande (STRB) comprend les étapes consistant à :appliquer à la tête d'impression une première impulsion de commande (STRA) de durée (To) fixe et prédéterminée,pendant la durée (To) de la première impulsion (STRA), déterminer la durée (t) d'une deuxième impulsion de commande (STRA+),lorsque la première impulsion (STRA) est terminée, appliquer à la tête d'impression (6, 20) ladite deuxième impulsion (STRA+),
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la durée (t) de la deuxième impulsion (STRA+) est déterminée en fonction de l'écart (ΔV) entre une valeur nominale (Vo, Vref) de la tension d'alimentation (Va) et la valeur réelle (V) de la tension d'alimentation (Va).
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que la durée (t) de la deuxième impulsion (STRA+) est sélectionnée dans une mémoire électronique (54) dans laquelle sont enregistrées plusieurs valeurs possibles (t1 à t256) de ladite durée.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que la durée (t) de la deuxième impulsion (STRA+) est déterminée par la décharge d'un condensateur (57).
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la deuxième impulsion (STRA+) est additionnée à la première impulsion (STRA) au moyen d'une porte logique de type OU (51).
- Tête d'impression thermique (20) comprenant une pluralité de points résistifs (Pi) activés par des impulsions d'une tension d'alimentation (Va) d'énergie (e) sensiblement constante et indépendante de fluctuations (ΔV) de la tension d'alimentation (Va) pouvant apparaítre selon le nombre (N) de points résistifs (Pi) simultanément activés, et comprenant des premiers moyens (24) pour délivrer une première impulsion (STRA) de commande de l'activation des points résistifs (Pi), de durée (T0) fixe, caractérisé en ce qu'elle comprend en outre des seconds moyens (23, 50) pour délivrer une deuxième impulsion (STRA+) de commande de l'activation des points résistifs (Pi), d'une durée (t) variable déterminée pendant la durée (To) de ladite première impulsion (STRA) en fonction de la valeur réelle (V) que présente la tension d'alimentation (Va).
- Tête d'impression selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que lesdits second moyens (23, 50) comprennent un circuit mémoire (54) dans lequel est stockée une pluralité de valeurs possibles de la seconde impulsion de commande (STRA+).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9504286A FR2732644B1 (fr) | 1995-04-04 | 1995-04-04 | Procede d'impression par transfert thermique de colorants, a compensation de pertes electriques |
FR9504286 | 1995-04-04 | ||
PCT/FR1996/000473 WO1996031352A1 (fr) | 1995-04-04 | 1996-03-28 | Procede d'impression par transfert thermique de colorants, a compensation de pertes electriques |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0819064A1 EP0819064A1 (fr) | 1998-01-21 |
EP0819064B1 true EP0819064B1 (fr) | 1999-02-10 |
Family
ID=9477959
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP96910996A Expired - Lifetime EP0819064B1 (fr) | 1995-04-04 | 1996-03-28 | Procede d'impression par transfert thermique de colorants, a compensation de pertes electriques |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5978006A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0819064B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JPH11503081A (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69601532T2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2732644B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1996031352A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2356375B (en) * | 1999-11-22 | 2003-04-09 | Esselte Nv | A method of controlling a print head |
US6784908B2 (en) | 2000-11-16 | 2004-08-31 | Olympus Corporation | Printer |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5353223A (en) * | 1976-10-25 | 1978-05-15 | Epson Corp | Circuit for compensating voltage of thermal printer |
JPS57128570A (en) * | 1981-02-03 | 1982-08-10 | Canon Inc | Printer |
JPS57146677A (en) * | 1981-03-05 | 1982-09-10 | Canon Inc | Thermal printer |
JPS60155475A (ja) * | 1984-01-26 | 1985-08-15 | Matsushita Graphic Commun Syst Inc | 記録素子駆動制御方法 |
JPS6259053A (ja) * | 1985-09-09 | 1987-03-14 | Alps Electric Co Ltd | サ−マルヘツド駆動方法 |
JPH05301370A (ja) * | 1992-04-24 | 1993-11-16 | Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd | サーマルヘッド |
JPH0761021A (ja) * | 1993-06-30 | 1995-03-07 | Casio Comput Co Ltd | 印字装置 |
JPH0768825A (ja) * | 1993-09-01 | 1995-03-14 | Casio Comput Co Ltd | サーマルヘッド通電制御装置 |
FR2718680B1 (fr) * | 1994-04-15 | 1996-07-05 | Gemplus Card Int | Dispositif de modification de la tension d'un ruban enroulé sur une bobine réceptrice en cas de collage du ruban sur un support à imprimer. |
FR2718679B1 (fr) * | 1994-04-15 | 1996-05-24 | Gemplus Card Int | Carte de nettoyage pour machine à imprimer et poste de personnalisation électrique des cartes. |
WO1997001444A1 (fr) * | 1995-06-27 | 1997-01-16 | Datacard Corporation | Imprimante a transfert thermique de colorants, a ruban multistandard |
FR2735994B1 (fr) * | 1995-06-27 | 1997-08-29 | Gemplus Card Int | Tete d'impression pour transfert thermique de vernis epais |
-
1995
- 1995-04-04 FR FR9504286A patent/FR2732644B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1996
- 1996-03-28 DE DE69601532T patent/DE69601532T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-03-28 EP EP96910996A patent/EP0819064B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-03-28 WO PCT/FR1996/000473 patent/WO1996031352A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1996-03-28 US US08/930,331 patent/US5978006A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-03-28 JP JP8530024A patent/JPH11503081A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH11503081A (ja) | 1999-03-23 |
WO1996031352A1 (fr) | 1996-10-10 |
DE69601532D1 (de) | 1999-03-25 |
EP0819064A1 (fr) | 1998-01-21 |
FR2732644A1 (fr) | 1996-10-11 |
DE69601532T2 (de) | 1999-09-02 |
FR2732644B1 (fr) | 1997-04-30 |
US5978006A (en) | 1999-11-02 |
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