EP0817886B1 - Web of fabric and process for its production - Google Patents

Web of fabric and process for its production Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0817886B1
EP0817886B1 EP97901065A EP97901065A EP0817886B1 EP 0817886 B1 EP0817886 B1 EP 0817886B1 EP 97901065 A EP97901065 A EP 97901065A EP 97901065 A EP97901065 A EP 97901065A EP 0817886 B1 EP0817886 B1 EP 0817886B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plastic layer
material web
support
plastic
process according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97901065A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0817886A1 (en
Inventor
Michael Gass
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Munzinger Conrad and Cie AG
Original Assignee
Munzinger Conrad and Cie AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Munzinger Conrad and Cie AG filed Critical Munzinger Conrad and Cie AG
Priority to SI9730030T priority Critical patent/SI0817886T1/en
Priority to EP97901065A priority patent/EP0817886B1/en
Publication of EP0817886A1 publication Critical patent/EP0817886A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0817886B1 publication Critical patent/EP0817886B1/en
Priority to GR20000400505T priority patent/GR3032802T3/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21FPAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F1/00Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F1/0027Screen-cloths
    • D21F1/0063Perforated sheets
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21FPAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F7/00Other details of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F7/08Felts
    • D21F7/083Multi-layer felts
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3008Woven fabric has an elastic quality
    • Y10T442/3016Including a preformed layer other than the elastic woven fabric [e.g., fabric or film or foil or sheet layer, etc.]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3008Woven fabric has an elastic quality
    • Y10T442/3024Including elastic strand or strip
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3854Woven fabric with a preformed polymeric film or sheet
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3854Woven fabric with a preformed polymeric film or sheet
    • Y10T442/3862Ester condensation polymer sheet or film [e.g., polyethylene terephthalate, etc.]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3854Woven fabric with a preformed polymeric film or sheet
    • Y10T442/3886Olefin polymer or copolymer sheet or film [e.g., polypropylene, polyethylene, ethylene-butylene copolymer, etc.]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3854Woven fabric with a preformed polymeric film or sheet
    • Y10T442/3894Amide condensation polymer sheet or film [e.g., nylon 6, etc.]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3854Woven fabric with a preformed polymeric film or sheet
    • Y10T442/3911Natural or synthetic rubber sheet or film
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/40Knit fabric [i.e., knit strand or strip material]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/601Nonwoven fabric has an elastic quality
    • Y10T442/602Nonwoven fabric comprises an elastic strand or fiber material
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/674Nonwoven fabric with a preformed polymeric film or sheet
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/674Nonwoven fabric with a preformed polymeric film or sheet
    • Y10T442/675Ester condensation polymer sheet or film [e.g., polyethylene terephthalate, etc.]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/674Nonwoven fabric with a preformed polymeric film or sheet
    • Y10T442/678Olefin polymer or copolymer sheet or film [e.g., polypropylene, polyethylene, ethylene-butylene copolymer, etc.]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/674Nonwoven fabric with a preformed polymeric film or sheet
    • Y10T442/679Natural or synthetic rubber sheet or film
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/681Spun-bonded nonwoven fabric

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a material web with a carrier, the on at least one side a plastic layer that is flat on the outside has to pass through the through channels.
  • the material web is particularly suitable for the production of Paper machine belts for the forming, pressing and drying area, of filter media and here in particular of belt filter media.
  • a material web of the type mentioned above for use in a paper machine is described in EP-B-0 196 045.
  • a carrier it has a liquid-permeable fabric which is a 1.3 to 5 mm thick layer of an elastomeric polymer resin is applied.
  • the plastic layer has through channels on that of the otherwise smooth and level Go outside to the carrier and in the paper machine serve as drainage channels.
  • the through channels are manufactured in such a way that textile fibers are homogeneously dispersed in the polymer resin, before the mixture of textile fibers and polymer resin on is applied to the carrier.
  • a Non-woven fabric applied to the carrier and then the coating be made with the polymer resin.
  • the textile fibers consist of an organic material that is dissolvable by using a solvent, the Plastic layer resistant to this solvent is.
  • the textile fibers are removed after application the polymer resin by applying the solvent, so that channels arise, the shape and the course correspond to the detached textile fibers.
  • Textile fibers proposed particle-like particles that are homogeneous be distributed in the polymer resin.
  • material for this Particles become inorganic salts or their hydrates or oxides suggested. They can be made using appropriate solvents in the same way as the textile fibers made of the polymer resin are removed and leave pore cavities.
  • paper machine belts are used This type has a number of advantages over known felts attributed according to the batt-on-base principle, namely enlarged Resistance to permanent deformation and therefore longer Operating times and consequently lower set-up costs, improved abrasion resistance and higher structural strength, lower Affinity for contaminating substances as well as more uniform Pressure distribution and thus improved drainage.
  • the soluble components can fuse together.
  • a conceptually different path is in accordance with the proposal EP-B-0 187 967.
  • a porous plastic layer on a carrier produces loose particles of a synthetic polymer resin in the order of 0.15 to 5 mm on the surface a base fabric and then a heat treatment undergo, in which the polymer resin particles over the softening point be heated so that it turns on their contact points with each other and with the carrier fabric merge.
  • a resinous binder is provided his.
  • loose fibers can also be found be distributed to the carrier tissue. After the particles have adhered or fibers remain with each other and on the carrier fabric Clearances that allow the plastic layer to flow through do.
  • the material web initially consists exclusively of polymer particles is produced by exposure to heat from their Contact points are interconnected. If necessary can be a reinforcement structure like a reinforcement be completely stored in the tape thus formed. Here it can be a pure fiber product or a fabric act.
  • the particles can also have different diameters have one increasing from one side to the other To create permeability.
  • a polymer coating is made using a peel-off film under simultaneous exposure to heat and pressure is applied to a support, whereby the polymer film due to the heat on the peel-off film Forms drops with the formation of free spaces the consequence that the plastic layer applied to the carrier is porous.
  • foils are not available in the width required here and would also not be of sufficient uniformity producible.
  • the invention has for its object a material web of the type mentioned in such a way that they are simple and can be produced in a time-saving manner and also has a favorable surface quality Has. Another job is a simple and flexible method of making a to provide such material web.
  • the first-mentioned object is achieved according to the invention by that the outside of the plastic layer increases its roughness Impressions also between the openings of the through-channels having.
  • the increase caused by the imprint the roughness is particularly when using the material web as a paper machine belt advantageous because of the inclination the paper web to stick too much to the paper machine belt to stay, is counteracted and yet no markings are caused.
  • the paper web loosens considerably easier from the paper machine belt than with the previously known Designs of the same genus as they are from the EP-B-0 196 045 and EP-B-0 273 613 are known.
  • the impressions have by their distribution in relation to the openings the through channels are so small that sufficient Contact area to the paper web remains to be even Allow support and pressure transfer. Moreover are the through channels together with the impressions for them responsible for rewetting the paper web after leaving the press nip is very low.
  • the carrier of the material web according to the invention has the task to give the material web shape and structure strength and if necessary absorb longitudinal and transverse forces. He should also be permeable to liquids. Are particularly suitable for this textile supports formed from threads, such as laid scrims, Knitted fabrics, knitted fabrics, fabrics or combinations of such Textile carrier. Depending on the area of application and strength requirements the carrier can be constructed in one or more layers. In the case of a base fabric, all types of fabric are possible, especially those from the field of paper machine tapes are known. Both threads are monofilaments as well as multifilaments from preferably thermoplastic Plastic materials can be used.
  • the carrier can alternatively or in combination a spunbonded nonwoven and / or a punched or have extruded network structure. He can go further be provided with a non-woven fabric so that it has a felt character Has.
  • Plastics such as are suitable as materials for the carrier they are known in particular from the field of paper machine belts and are mentioned in the documents mentioned above. The Selection of the plastic can depend on the particular application and the conditions prevailing there are adapted. In particular plastics should be selected that in the production of the plastic layer and the associated The effects of heat do not suffer.
  • the through channels are made up of a number of connected assemble standing pore cavities.
  • Such pore cavities can be with the method known from EP-B-0 196 045 with the help of soluble particles.
  • the pore cavities can be distributed so that for each Properties as favorable as possible are achieved.
  • the average diameter of the pore cavities should be range between 30 and 500 ⁇ m.
  • the plastic layer contains soluble components which by means of a solvent are detachable, against which the Material web is otherwise stable, and so distributed are that there are additional through channels after removal surrender.
  • soluble components which by means of a solvent are detachable, against which the Material web is otherwise stable, and so distributed are that there are additional through channels after removal surrender.
  • Such a material web opens up the possibility the permeability after installation, d. H. to influence in operation, for example, the permeability to return to the original state if the existing passageways change over the course of the operating time narrowed or clogged due to pollution have been.
  • This idea is basically EP-A-0 303 798 and EP-A-0 320 559 in which the insert of soluble fibers within a felt has been. It is understood that these soluble components compared to the conditions of use for which the material web is intended is, must be constant, d.
  • Polyamides such as polyamide, are suitable for the plastic layer 4.6, 6, 6.6, 6.10, 6.12, 11 and 12, polyester, polyphenylene sulfite, Polyetheretherketone, polyurethane, polysulfones, thermoplastic, aromatic polyamides, polyphthalamides and polypropylene.
  • plastics in question such as the EP-B-0 196 045 and EP-B-0 273 613 can be removed. It can mixtures of different plastics can also be used, for example with different elastic assets, the plastic layer also consist of layers can be made of plastics with different elastic Assets exist. The selection of plastics can also be used in this respect and their elastic properties on the respective Intended use.
  • the carrier is not only has a plastic layer on one side, but is provided on both sides with a plastic layer.
  • a Such training is particularly useful if the Strong mechanical loads on the back of the material web exposed from which the wearer should be protected. This can be done, for example, in the forming and pressing area Paper machine to be the case because there are the paper machine belts via fixed devices such as suction boxes, strips or the like.
  • the number of Pore cavities and / or should be the individual volumes of the pore cavities increase away from the wearer. It is advisable that the number and / or the volumes of the pore cavities in the plastic layers each in the adjacent to the carrier Ranges is at least the same, preferably in the second Plastic layer larger than in the first plastic layer. In special cases, however, it may be more appropriate that the number of pore cavities and / or the individual volumes the pore cavities in the second plastic layer from the carrier remove away, for example by rewetting the paper web in the separation of paper web and paper machine belt to avoid.
  • the soluble particles be at a temperature the plastic layer are pressed into this, at which the plastic layer compared to the state at room temperature is softened so that the soluble particles without large Pressurization easily sink into the plastic layer and the impressions after the particles have been removed essentially keep their shape. It is advisable that the soluble particles following generation the plastic layer applied at an even higher temperature and pressed in, i.e. the heating of the plastic material when applying to create the plastic layer is used on the carrier and thus reheating can be omitted.
  • the above procedure for the formation of the impressions is particularly suitable for such material webs can be produced in that the plastic layer with soluble Components are provided, which with the formation of Through channels can be removed by such a solvent against which the material web is otherwise resistant, and that at least a part of those present in the plastic layer soluble components and those pressed in on the outside soluble particles - preferably in one operation - be detached.
  • a connection to these is established.
  • To the solvent has the dissolving of the soluble particles Access to those initially enclosed in the plastic layer soluble components and can therefore also completely dissolve and remove.
  • the impressions form the openings of the through channels.
  • the procedure replaces thus the grinding treatment according to EP-B-0 273 613, regardless of whether fibers are soluble components or also particles embedded in the plastic layer are.
  • the grain size of the particles of the plastic powder and also the the soluble particles and their mixing ratio can be in wide limits can be set so that a desired Structure of the plastic layer results, especially what the cavities resulting from the dissolving of the soluble particles of the through channels.
  • the average grain size of the plastic powder should be smaller, than that of the soluble particles, for example only half up to a third of the soluble particles and not at all be more than 100 ⁇ m. In this way, the soluble Particles of a number or even a large number of particles of the plastic powder practically coated, and it is created a relatively tight pack.
  • the mixing of the plastic powder and the soluble particles can be applied to the carrier, but also during it respectively.
  • the subsequent heat treatment is said to a temperature at which the plastic powder so far is plasticized that a homogeneous, d. H. to on the soluble particles essentially non-porous plastic layer arises, which adheres to the carrier.
  • the exertion of pressure should not only favor this process, but at the same time also ensure a flat surface, its roughness retrospectively by the additional to be pressed into the outer surface soluble particles is determined.
  • the warming can be done by infrared radiation or in a heating oven etc. take place while the pressure is exerted using rollers for example, can be carried out in a calender.
  • the plastic powder and the soluble particles can also applied in layers, with different layers Grain sizes, materials and mixing ratios can be provided to account for the respective requirements to wear. So the soluble particles can become the carrier get bigger from layer to layer. Alternatively or in The combination can also include the number of soluble particles increase from layer to layer towards the carrier. Both measures serve to increase the permeability to the wearer to let this be particularly so when using the web of material in the forming and press area of a paper machine is desired.
  • the mixture ratio can also be set within wide limits adapt the respective purpose. So after detaching of the soluble particles to a sufficient extent through channels should arise, the volume ratio between plastic powder and soluble particles in the range 1/4: 3/4 and 1/2: 1/2 lie, preferably in the range 2/3: 1/3.
  • both should be made of the same material, so that the removal can be carried out in one operation using the same solvent.
  • the soluble components contained in the plastic layer such substances should be selected that remain essentially dimensionally stable under the influence of heat when the plastic layer is being produced.
  • polymeric fibers or particles come into question which have a higher heat resistance than that of the plastic matrix in which the soluble components are embedded. These conditions should expediently also apply to the soluble particles pressed into the outside of the plastic layer.
  • inorganic substances and in particular water-soluble salts such as NaCl, KCl and / or CaCO 3, as well as chlorides, carbonates and / or soluble sulfates of the alkali or alkaline earth elements or of the metals, and also salts such as these, are particularly favorable for use result from DE-C-34 19 708.
  • Such soluble particles or particles are not adversely affected by the heat treatment necessary for the formation of the plastic layer and are easy to pour and thus scatterable.
  • Inorganic substances such as carbohydrates (sugar) or salts of organic acids such as citric acid, ascorbic acid etc. are also suitable.
  • soluble Components in the form of particles are used, their mean Diameter is between 30 to 500 microns.
  • Particles are used whose average diameter is between 5 to 100 microns.
  • the plastic powder should have antioxidants, as for example from US-A-3 677 965 or US-A-3 584 047 are known.
  • soluble components from at least two substances are used be, each one of the substances by a solvent is removable, against which the other substance (s) is or are stable.
  • a plastic layer on the other side of the carrier becomes.
  • This can be done in an analogous manner to the first plastic layer happen, so to form a mixture a plastic powder with soluble particles and subsequent Heat and pressure treatment. Again, this should be in the outside particles pressed into the plastic layer and then be detached again to the roughness on the respective Adjust purpose and especially openings for the connection to those embedded in the plastic layer to create soluble components so they too can be extracted.
  • the invention is greatly enlarged on the basis of a illustrated embodiment illustrated in more detail. It shows a section of a section of a material web 1.
  • the material web 1 has a carrier 2, which as a fabric is formed with longitudinal thread 3 and transverse thread 4.
  • a top and bottom of the carrier 2 Plastic layer 5, 6.
  • the first plastic layer 5 is in accordance with the invention Process prepared by using a mixture from a plastic powder and soluble particles sprinkled the carrier 2 and both together a heat and Has been subjected to pressure treatment. This is a homogeneous Plastic layer 5 with substantially uniform therein distributed soluble particles have been generated, due to the pressure treatment has resulted in a flat outer surface. On the still heated and therefore plastically deformable The outside 7 of the plastic layer 5 are then more soluble Particles sprinkled and then using pressure rollers or the like has been pressed into the plastic layer 5. The same applies to the lower plastic layer 6 procedures, in particular with regard to treatment from the outside 8.
  • the material web 1 is a treatment with a solvent subjected to the soluble particles and particles been.
  • a solvent subjected to the soluble particles and particles been.
  • those in the Outside 7, 8 of the plastic layers 5, 6 pressed soluble particles dissolved and impressions - exemplary designated 9 - leave.
  • These embossments 9 at least partly not only among themselves, but also Connection to the soluble outer surfaces 7, 8 Particles of the plastic layers 5, 6 created, so that Solvent also reaches these particles and dissolves them.
  • the Dissolution has the consequence that in the plastic layers 5, 6 Pore cavities - designated 10 by way of example - arise which have the shape of the detached particle and communicate with each other. There is a connection not only given in the vertical direction, but due to the uniform distribution of the soluble particles too in the horizontal direction. So there is a pore structure, which resembles an open-pore plastic foam, whereby the pore cavities 10 complement each other to form through channels.
  • the pore cavities 10 of the top plastic layer 5 are larger towards the carrier 2 than in the area of the outside 7. This can be done by first mixing made of plastic powder and relatively large soluble particles and then another mixture of plastic powder and in contrast smaller soluble particles is applied. With the underside Plastic layer 6 is a plastic powder with even larger soluble particles have been used so that the Pore cavities 10 are larger than that of the plastic layer on the top 3rd

Landscapes

  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Inorganic Insulating Materials (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Decoration Of Textiles (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Cell Separators (AREA)

Abstract

A web of fabric (1) with a carrier (2) has an externally-even plastic layer (5, 6) at least on one side, traversed by transfer channels. According to the invention, the external side (7, 8) of the plastic layer (5, 6) also has impressions (9) between the openings of the transfer channels which are at least partly connected with one another and with the transfer channels. During the production of the fabric web, soluble particles are applied to the external side (7, 8) of the plastic layer (5, 6) during or after the production of the plastic layer (5, 6) and then pressed into the plastic layer (5, 6). These soluble particles may then be extracted by a solvent to which the fabric web (1) is resistant.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Materialbahn mit einem Träger, der auf wenigstens einer Seite eine außenseitig ebene Kunststoffschicht aufweist, durch die Durchgangskanäle hindurchgehen. Die Materialbahn eignet sich vor allem für die Herstellung von Papiermaschinenbändern für den Formier-, Pressen- und Trockenbereich, von Filtermitteln und hier insbesondere von Bandfiltermitteln.The invention relates to a material web with a carrier, the on at least one side a plastic layer that is flat on the outside has to pass through the through channels. The material web is particularly suitable for the production of Paper machine belts for the forming, pressing and drying area, of filter media and here in particular of belt filter media.

Eine Materialbahn der oben genannten Art für den Einsatz in einer Papiermaschine ist in der EP-B-0 196 045 beschrieben. Sie hat als Träger ein flüssigkeitsdurchlässiges Gewebe, auf dem eine 1,3 bis 5 mm dicke Schicht aus einem elastomeren Polymerharz aufgebracht ist. Die Kunststoffschicht weist Durchgangskanäle auf, die von der ansonsten glatten und ebenen Außenseite bis zum Träger hindurchgehen und in der Papiermaschine als Entwässerungskanäle dienen.A material web of the type mentioned above for use in a paper machine is described in EP-B-0 196 045. As a carrier, it has a liquid-permeable fabric which is a 1.3 to 5 mm thick layer of an elastomeric polymer resin is applied. The plastic layer has through channels on that of the otherwise smooth and level Go outside to the carrier and in the paper machine serve as drainage channels.

Die Herstellung der Durchgangskanäle geschieht in der Weise, daß Textilfasern homogen in dem Polymerharz dispergiert werden, bevor die Mischung aus Textilfasern und Polymerharz auf dem Träger aufgebracht wird. Alternativ dazu kann zunächst ein Faservlies auf den Träger aufgebracht und dann die Beschichtung mit dem Polymerharz vorgenommen werden. In beiden Fällen bestehen die Textilfasern aus einem organischen Material, das durch Anwendung eines Lösungsmittels auflösbar ist, wobei die Kunststoffschicht gegenüber diesem Lösungsmittel beständig ist. Das Herauslösen der Textilfasern geschieht nach dem Auftragen des Polymerharzes durch Auftragen des Lösungsmittels, so daß Kanäle entstehen, die der Formgebung und dem Verlauf der herausgelösten Textilfasern entsprechen.The through channels are manufactured in such a way that textile fibers are homogeneously dispersed in the polymer resin, before the mixture of textile fibers and polymer resin on is applied to the carrier. Alternatively, you can start with a Non-woven fabric applied to the carrier and then the coating be made with the polymer resin. In both cases the textile fibers consist of an organic material that is dissolvable by using a solvent, the Plastic layer resistant to this solvent is. The textile fibers are removed after application the polymer resin by applying the solvent, so that channels arise, the shape and the course correspond to the detached textile fibers.

In einer weniger bevorzugten Ausführungsform werden statt der Textilfasern partikelartige Teilchen vorgeschlagen, die homogen in dem Polymerharz verteilt werden. Als Material für diese Teilchen werden anorganische Salze oder deren Hydrate oder Oxide vorgeschlagen. Durch entsprechende Lösungsmittel können sie in der gleichen Weise wie die Textilfasern aus dem Polymerharz herausgelöst werden und hinterlassen dabei Porenhohlräume.In a less preferred embodiment, instead of Textile fibers proposed particle-like particles that are homogeneous be distributed in the polymer resin. As material for this Particles become inorganic salts or their hydrates or oxides suggested. They can be made using appropriate solvents in the same way as the textile fibers made of the polymer resin are removed and leave pore cavities.

Die Herstellung des vorbeschriebenen Papiermaschinenbands bereitet deswegen Schwierigkeiten, weil Polymerharze dazu neigen, nach dem Aushärten eine geschlossene Oberfläche zu bilden, die das Herauslösen der in dem Polymerharz enthaltenen, löslichen Textilfasern bzw. Teilchen behindert. Zur Lösung dieses Problems ist in der EP-B-0 273 613 vorgeschlagen, die Oberfläche der Kunststoffschicht derart zu schleifen, daß eine Verbindung zu den löslichen Fasern hergestellt und zudem eine glatte Oberfläche erzeugt wird. Ein solcher Schleifvorgang ist jedoch sehr zeitaufwendig. Außerdem muß zuvor in einem entsprechenden Übermaß Kunststoffmaterial aufgetragen werden, und beim Schleifvorgang fällt Staub an, der abgesaugt und entweder entsorgt oder wieder aufbereitet werden muß. Hinzu kommt, daß eine glatte Oberfläche entsteht, die eine Ablösung der Papierbahn von dem Papiermaschinenband behindert. Papierbahnen neigen nämlich dazu, sich an glatten Oberflächen festzusaugen.The preparation of the paper machine belt described above is being prepared difficulties because polymer resins tend to to form a closed surface after curing, the dissolving out of those contained in the polymer resin, soluble textile fibers or particles hindered. To solve this Problem is proposed in EP-B-0 273 613, the surface to grind the plastic layer so that a connection to the soluble fibers and also a smooth surface is generated. Such a grinding process is however very time consuming. In addition, you must first in a corresponding Excess plastic material can be applied, and dust is generated during the grinding process, which is extracted and either must be disposed of or reprocessed. On top of that a smooth surface is created, which detaches the paper web hindered by the paper machine belt. Paper webs tend namely to get stuck on smooth surfaces.

Abgesehen von diesen Nachteilen werden Papiermaschinenbändern dieser Gattung eine Reihe von Vorteile gegenüber bekannten Filzen nach dem batt-on-base-Prinzip zugeschrieben, nämlich vergrößerter Widerstand gegen bleibende Verformung und damit längere Betriebszeiten und daraus folgend geringere Rüstkosten, verbesserte Abriebfestigkeit und höhere Strukturfestigkeit, geringere Affinität für kontaminierende Substanzen sowie gleichmäßigere Druckverteilung und damit verbesserte Entwässerung. Apart from these disadvantages, paper machine belts are used This type has a number of advantages over known felts attributed according to the batt-on-base principle, namely enlarged Resistance to permanent deformation and therefore longer Operating times and consequently lower set-up costs, improved abrasion resistance and higher structural strength, lower Affinity for contaminating substances as well as more uniform Pressure distribution and thus improved drainage.

Der vorbeschriebenen Entwicklung voraus ging ein Vorschlag, in die Fasern eines Papiermaschinenfilzes Fasern oder Partikel einzulagern, die mit Hilfe eines Lösungsmittels herauslösbar sind, gegenüber dem die übrigen Fasern und der Träger des Papiermaschinenbands lösungsresistent, d. h. beständig ist (DE-C-34 19 708). Die Herstellung erfolgt in der Weise, daß ein Faservlies aus nicht löslichen Fasern und löslichen Komponenten gebildet und auf den Träger aufgenadelt und daß dann das Papiermaschinenband unter Druck und Hitze verdichtet wird. Dabei können die löslichen Komponenten miteinander verschmelzen. Durch das Auflösen der löslichen Komponenten entstehen Porenhohlräume, die dem Papiermaschinenband trotz der vorherigen Kompression und der hierdurch erzeugten hohen Dichte das für die Entwässerung benötigte Hohlraumvolumen geben.A development preceded the development described above the fibers of a paper machine felt fibers or particles store that can be removed with the help of a solvent against which the remaining fibers and the carrier of the paper machine belt solution resistant, d. H. is stable (DE-C-34 19 708). The production takes place in such a way that a nonwoven fabric made of insoluble fibers and soluble components formed and needled onto the support and that then the paper machine belt is compressed under pressure and heat. The soluble components can fuse together. By dissolving the soluble components Pore cavities that the paper machine belt despite the previous Compression and the resulting high density Give the void volume required for drainage.

Nachteilig bei dieser Lösung ist, daß trotz der Kompression die Haltbarkeit wesentlich geringer ist als mit kunststoffbeschichteten Trägern. Außerdem ist man für die Herstellung nach wie vor auf die hierfür üblichen Maschinen, insbesondere Webstühle und Nadelmaschinen, angewiesen.The disadvantage of this solution is that despite the compression the durability is much lower than with plastic coated Carriers. In addition, one is after for the manufacture as before on the usual machines, especially looms and needle machines.

Es hat nicht an Versuchen gefehlt, Papiermaschinenbänder mit einem Träger und einer Durchgangskanäle aufweisenden Kunststoffschicht auf andere Weise herzustellen. So wird in der EP-B-0 037 387 eine Materialbahn vorgeschlagen, bei dem die Durchgangskanäle durch Perforierung einer zuvor aufgebrachten Kunststoffolie mittels einer Lasereinrichtung erzeugt werden. Abgesehen davon, daß die Durchgangskanäle keine Verbindung untereinander haben, ein Gas- oder Wasserdurchtritt also quer zur Ebene der Materialbahn nicht erfolgen kann, ist auch die Herstellung dieser Bahn außerordentlich aufwendig, insbesondere dann, wenn größere Flächen mittels der Lasereinrichtung bearbeitet werden müssen, wie dies bei Papiermaschinenbändern der Fall ist. Außerdem sind Folien in der erforderlichen Breite und mit ausreichender Gleichmäßigkeit nicht herstellbar. There has been no shortage of attempts to use paper machine belts a carrier and a plastic layer having through-channels to manufacture in a different way. So in the EP-B-0 037 387 proposed a material web in which the Through channels by perforating a previously applied one Plastic film are generated by means of a laser device. Apart from the fact that the through channels are not interconnected have a gas or water passage across to the level of the material web can also be done The production of this web is extremely complex, in particular when larger areas are processed using the laser device need to be, as is the case with paper machine belts the case is. In addition, foils are of the required width and cannot be produced with sufficient uniformity.

In der WO 91/14558 wird vorgeschlagen, die Durchgangskanäle dadurch zu erzeugen, daß auf die noch nicht gehärtete Kunststoffschicht eine Lochmaske aufgelegt wird und diese dann bestrahlt wird. Aufgrund dieser Bestrahlung härtet das Kunststoffmaterial im Bereich der Löcher der Maske aus. Nach Wegnahme der Lochmaske wird dann das noch nicht ausgehärtete Kunststoffmaterial mittels Preßluft entfernt. Auch dieses Verfahren ist aufwendig und hinterläßt relativ große freie Bereiche und kann deshalb nicht universell angewendet werden. Außerdem fällt auch hier zu entsorgender oder aufzubereitender Abfall an.In WO 91/14558 it is proposed to use the through channels to produce that on the not yet hardened plastic layer a shadow mask is put on and then irradiated becomes. Due to this radiation, the plastic material hardens in the area of the holes of the mask. After removing the shadow mask then the not yet hardened plastic material removed by compressed air. This process is also complex and leaves relatively large free areas and can therefore not be used universally. It also falls here waste to be disposed of or prepared.

Einen konzeptionell anderen Weg ist man bei dem Vorschlag gemäß der EP-B-0 187 967 gegangen. Hier wird bei einem Papiermaschinenband eine poröse Kunststoffschicht auf einem Träger dadurch erzeugt, daß lose Partikel eines synthetischen Polymerharzes in der Größenordnung von 0,15 bis 5 mm auf der Oberfläche eines Trägergewebes verteilt und dann einer Wärmebehandlung unterzogen werden, bei dem die Polymerharzpartikel über den Erweichungspunkt hinaus erhitzt werden, so daß sie an ihren Berührungsstellen untereinander und mit dem Trägergewebe verschmelzen. Stattdessen oder in Kombination damit kann auch die Aufbringung eines harzförmigen Bindemittels vorgesehen sein. Alternativ zu den Partikeln können auch lose Fasern auf dem Trägergewebe verteilt werden. Nach dem Anhaften der Partikel bzw. Fasern untereinander und an dem Trägergewebe verbleiben Freiräume, die die Kunststoffschicht flüssigkeitsdurchlässig machen.A conceptually different path is in accordance with the proposal EP-B-0 187 967. Here is a paper machine belt a porous plastic layer on a carrier produces loose particles of a synthetic polymer resin in the order of 0.15 to 5 mm on the surface a base fabric and then a heat treatment undergo, in which the polymer resin particles over the softening point be heated so that it turns on their contact points with each other and with the carrier fabric merge. Instead, or in combination with it, too the application of a resinous binder is provided his. As an alternative to the particles, loose fibers can also be found be distributed to the carrier tissue. After the particles have adhered or fibers remain with each other and on the carrier fabric Clearances that allow the plastic layer to flow through do.

Ähnliches wird in der EP-A-0 653 512 vorgeschlagen, nur daß hierbei die Materialbahn zunächst ausschließlich aus Polymerpartikeln hergestellt wird, die durch Hitzeeinwirkung an ihren Kontaktstellen miteinander verbunden werden. Soweit erforderlich, kann eine Verstärkungsstruktur nach Art einer Armierung vollständig in das so gebildete Band eingelagert werden. Hierbei kann es sich um ein reines Faserprodukt oder um ein Gewebe handeln. Die Partikel können auch unterschiedlichen Durchmesser haben, um eine von der einen zur anderen Seite hin zunehmende Durchlässigkeit zu erzeugen.Similar things are proposed in EP-A-0 653 512, only that The material web initially consists exclusively of polymer particles is produced by exposure to heat from their Contact points are interconnected. If necessary can be a reinforcement structure like a reinforcement be completely stored in the tape thus formed. Here it can be a pure fiber product or a fabric act. The particles can also have different diameters have one increasing from one side to the other To create permeability.

Der Nachteil der nach diesem Prinzip hergestellten Materialbahnen liegt darin, daß es sehr schwierig ist, sie reproduzierbar herzustellen, insbesondere was die Durchlässigkeit angeht. Außerdem ist ihre Oberfläche sehr uneben, weshalb die gleichzeitige Anwendung von Druck und Hitze - soweit die Partikel aus Fasern ausgebildet sind (EP-B-0 187 967) - oder ein Schleifvorgang (EP-A-0 653 512) zwecks Einebnung der Oberfläche vorgeschlagen werden.The disadvantage of the material webs produced according to this principle is that it is very difficult to reproduce them to manufacture, especially in terms of permeability. In addition, their surface is very uneven, which is why the simultaneous Use of pressure and heat - as far as the particles are formed from fibers (EP-B-0 187 967) - or a Grinding process (EP-A-0 653 512) for the purpose of leveling the surface be proposed.

Nach der WO 95/21285 wird eine Polymerbeschichtung mit Hilfe einer Abziehfolie unter gleichzeitiger Einwirkung von Hitze und Druck auf einen Träger aufgebracht, wobei sich der Polymerfilm aufgrund der Hitzeeinwirkung auf der Abziehfolie zu zusammenhängenden Tropfen unter Bildung von Freiräumen ausformt mit der Folge, daß die auf den Träger aufgebrachte Kunststoffschicht porös ist. Auch bei diesem Verfahren ist es schwierig, die Durchlässigkeit der Kunststoffschicht reproduzierbar einzustellen und den jeweiligen Erfordernissen anzupassen. Außerdem stehen Folien in der hier erforderlichen Breite nicht zur Verfügung und wären auch nicht mit ausreichender Gleichmäßigkeit herstellbar.According to WO 95/21285, a polymer coating is made using a peel-off film under simultaneous exposure to heat and pressure is applied to a support, whereby the polymer film due to the heat on the peel-off film Forms drops with the formation of free spaces the consequence that the plastic layer applied to the carrier is porous. With this method, too, it is difficult adjust the permeability of the plastic layer reproducibly and adapt to the respective requirements. Moreover foils are not available in the width required here and would also not be of sufficient uniformity producible.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Materialbahn der eingangs genannten Art so zu gestalten, daß sie einfach und zeitsparend herstellbar ist und zudem eine günstige Oberflächenbeschaffenheit hat. Eine weitere Aufgabe besteht darin, ein einfaches und flexibles Verfahren zur Herstellung einer solchen Materialbahn bereitzustellen.The invention has for its object a material web of the type mentioned in such a way that they are simple and can be produced in a time-saving manner and also has a favorable surface quality Has. Another job is a simple and flexible method of making a to provide such material web.

Die erstgenannte Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Außenseite der Kunststoffschicht deren Rauhigkeit erhöhende Einprägungen auch zwischen den öffnungen der Durchgangskanäle aufweist. Die durch die Einprägung bewirkte Erhöhung der Rauhigkeit ist insbesondere bei Verwendung der Materialbahn als Papiermaschinenband von Vorteil, weil damit der Neigung der Papierbahn, an dem Papiermaschinenband zu sehr haften zu bleiben, entgegengewirkt wird und dennoch keine Markierungen hervorgerufen werden. Die Papierbahn löst sich wesentlich problemloser von dem Papiermaschinenband als bei den vorbekannten Ausführungen gleicher Gattung, wie sie aus der EP-B-0 196 045 und EP-B-0 273 613 bekannt sind. Die Einprägungen haben dabei durch ihre Verteilung im Verhältnis zu den Öffnungen der Durchgangskanäle eine solch geringe Größe, daß genügend Kontaktfläche zur Papierbahn verbleibt, um eine gleichmäßige Abstützung und Druckübertragung zu ermöglichen. Außerdem sind die Durchgangskanäle zusammen mit den Einprägungen dafür verantwortlich, daß die Rückbefeuchtung der Papierbahn nach Verlassen des Pressenspalts sehr gering ist.The first-mentioned object is achieved according to the invention by that the outside of the plastic layer increases its roughness Impressions also between the openings of the through-channels having. The increase caused by the imprint the roughness is particularly when using the material web as a paper machine belt advantageous because of the inclination the paper web to stick too much to the paper machine belt to stay, is counteracted and yet no markings are caused. The paper web loosens considerably easier from the paper machine belt than with the previously known Designs of the same genus as they are from the EP-B-0 196 045 and EP-B-0 273 613 are known. The impressions have by their distribution in relation to the openings the through channels are so small that sufficient Contact area to the paper web remains to be even Allow support and pressure transfer. Moreover are the through channels together with the impressions for them responsible for rewetting the paper web after leaving the press nip is very low.

Die Vorzüge der erfindungsgemäß aufgerauhten Oberfläche der Kunststoffschicht ist jedoch auf den Einsatz in Papiermaschinen nicht beschränkt. Auch bei Filtermitteln kann eine zu glatte Oberfläche zu einer so starken Anhaftung des abgeschiedenen Materials führen, daß dessen Abreinigung erschwert wird.The advantages of the roughened surface of the invention Plastic layer, however, is for use in paper machines not limited. Filter media can also be too smooth Surface to such a strong adhesion of the deposited Cause material that its cleaning is difficult.

Für die in Frage kommenden Haupteinsatzgebiete empfehlen sich Einprägungen mit einem mittleren Durchmesser von 5 bis 100 µm.Recommended for the main areas of application in question Imprints with an average diameter of 5 to 100 µm.

Der Träger der erfindungsgemäßen Haterialbahn hat die Aufgabe, der Haterialbahn Form- und Strukturfestigkeit zu geben und ggf. Längs- und Querkräfte aufzunehmen. Außerdem sollte er flüssigkeitsdurchlässig sein. Hierzu eignen sich insbesondere aus Fäden gebildete Textilträger, wie beispielsweise Fadengelege, Gestricke, Gewirke, Gewebe oder Kombinationen solcher Textilträger. Je nach Einsatzgebiet und Ansprüchen an die Festigkeit kann der Träger ein- oder mehrlagig aufgebaut sein. Im Fall eines Trägergewebes kommen alle Gewebearten in Frage, insbesondere solche, die aus dem Bereich der Papiermaschinenbänder bekannt sind. Für die Fäden sind sowohl Monofilamente als auch Multifilamente aus vorzugsweise thermoplastischen Kunststoffmaterialien einsetzbar. Der Träger kann alternativ oder in Kombination dazu ein Spinnfaservlies und/oder eine gestanzte oder extrudierte Netzstruktur aufweisen. Er kann darüberhinaus mit einem Faservlies versehen sein, so daß er Filzcharakter hat.The carrier of the material web according to the invention has the task to give the material web shape and structure strength and if necessary absorb longitudinal and transverse forces. He should also be permeable to liquids. Are particularly suitable for this textile supports formed from threads, such as laid scrims, Knitted fabrics, knitted fabrics, fabrics or combinations of such Textile carrier. Depending on the area of application and strength requirements the carrier can be constructed in one or more layers. In the case of a base fabric, all types of fabric are possible, especially those from the field of paper machine tapes are known. Both threads are monofilaments as well as multifilaments from preferably thermoplastic Plastic materials can be used. The carrier can alternatively or in combination a spunbonded nonwoven and / or a punched or have extruded network structure. He can go further be provided with a non-woven fabric so that it has a felt character Has.

Als Materialien für den Träger eignen sich Kunststoffe, wie sie insbesondere aus dem Bereich der Papiermaschinenbänder bekannt und in den oben erwähnten Dokumenten genannt sind. Die Auswahl des Kunststoffs kann an den jeweiligen Einsatzzweck und die dort vorherrschenden Bedingungen angepaßt werden. Insbesondere sollten solche Kunststoffe ausgewählt werden, die bei der Erzeugung der Kunststoffschicht und der damit verbundenen Hitzeeinwirkungen keine Beeinträchtigungen erleiden.Plastics such as are suitable as materials for the carrier they are known in particular from the field of paper machine belts and are mentioned in the documents mentioned above. The Selection of the plastic can depend on the particular application and the conditions prevailing there are adapted. In particular plastics should be selected that in the production of the plastic layer and the associated The effects of heat do not suffer.

Nach einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß die Durchgangskanäle sich aus einer Hehrzahl von in Verbindung stehenden Porenhohlräumen zusammensetzen. Solche Porenhohlräume lassen sich mit dem aus der EP-B-0 196 045 bekannten Verfahren mit Hilfe von löslichen Partikeln erzeugen. Die Porenhohlräume können dabei so verteilt werden, daß für den jeweiligen Einsatzzweck möglichst günstige Eigenschaften erzielt werden. Für die Anwendung im Papiermaschinenbereich empfiehlt sich, daß das Hohlraumvolumen zum Träger hin schichtweise oder kontinuierlich zunimmt, beispielsweise durch Erhöhung der Anzahl der Porenhohlräume und/oder der Einzelvolumina der Porenhohlräume. Unabhängig davon sollen parallel zur Ebene der Kunststoffschicht nebeneinanderliegende Porenhohlräume Verbindung zueinander haben, damit insbesondere im Fall des Einsatzes in der Naßpresse einer Papiermaschine auch offene Poren und damit Entwässerungsvolumen in der Ebene der Kunststoffschicht zur Verfügung gestellt wird und nicht nur in Richtung quer zu dieser Ebene. Der mittlere Durchmesser der Porenhohlräume sollte im Bereich zwischen 30 bis 500 µm liegen. According to a further feature of the invention it is provided that the through channels are made up of a number of connected assemble standing pore cavities. Such pore cavities can be with the method known from EP-B-0 196 045 with the help of soluble particles. The pore cavities can be distributed so that for each Properties as favorable as possible are achieved. For use in the paper machine sector, we recommend that the void volume towards the carrier in layers or continuously increases, for example by increasing the number the pore cavities and / or the individual volumes of the pore cavities. Regardless, should be parallel to the level of the plastic layer adjacent pore cavities connection have each other, so especially when used in the wet press of a paper machine also open pores and thus Drainage volume in the level of the plastic layer Is made available and not only in the direction transverse to this Level. The average diameter of the pore cavities should be range between 30 and 500 µm.

Nach einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß die Kunststoffschicht lösliche Komponenten enthält, die mittels eines Lösungsmittels herauslösbar sind, gegenüber dem die Materialbahn im übrigen beständig ist, und die so verteilt sind, daß sich nach dem Herauslösen zusätzliche Durchgangskanäle ergeben. Eine solche Materialbahn eröffnet die Möglichkeit, die Durchlässigkeit nach ihrer Installation nachträglich, d. h. im Betrieb zu beeinflussen, beispielsweise um die Durchlässigkeit wieder auf den ursprünglichen Zustand zu erhöhen, wenn die vorhandenen Durchgangskanäle sich im Lauf der Betriebszeit infolge Verschmutzung verengt haben oder verstopft worden sind. Dieser Gedanke ist grundsätzlich schon der EP-A-0 303 798 und der EP-A-0 320 559 zu entnehmen, in denen der Einsatz löslicher Fasern innerhalb eines Filzes vorgeschlagen worden ist. Es versteht sich, daß diese löslichen Komponenten gegenüber den Einsatzbedingungen, für die die Materialbahn bestimmt ist, beständig sein muß, d. h. im Fall des Einsatzes als Papiermaschinenband gegenüber den aus der Papierbahn kommenden Flüssigkeiten oder Dämpfen, oder daß die Auflösung stark verzögert abläuft. Durch Anwendung eines besonderen Lösungsmittels können dann zusätzliche Durchgangskanäle erzeugt werden, die an die Stelle der verstopften Durchgangskanäle treten oder die verengten Durchgangskanäle ergänzen. Hinsichtlich der hierfür in Frage kommenden Materialien wird auf die beiden vorgenannten Dokumente verwiesen. An die Stelle von Fasern als lösliche Komponenten kommen auch partikelartige lösliche Teilchen in Frage, die so verteilt sein sollten, daß sich nach ihrer Auflösung in Verbindung stehende Porenhohlräume ergeben, welche sich zu Durchgangskanälen ergänzen.According to a further feature of the invention it is provided that the plastic layer contains soluble components which by means of a solvent are detachable, against which the Material web is otherwise stable, and so distributed are that there are additional through channels after removal surrender. Such a material web opens up the possibility the permeability after installation, d. H. to influence in operation, for example, the permeability to return to the original state if the existing passageways change over the course of the operating time narrowed or clogged due to pollution have been. This idea is basically EP-A-0 303 798 and EP-A-0 320 559 in which the insert of soluble fibers within a felt has been. It is understood that these soluble components compared to the conditions of use for which the material web is intended is, must be constant, d. H. in case of use as a paper machine belt compared to those coming from the paper web Liquids or vapors, or that the dissolution expires greatly delayed. By using a special solvent can then create additional through channels to be in the place of the blocked through channels pedal or supplement the narrowed through channels. Regarding The materials in question for this are based on the referred to the two aforementioned documents. Instead of fibers particle-like soluble components also come as soluble components Particles in question that should be distributed in such a way that related pore cavities after their dissolution result, which complement each other through channels.

Für die Kunststoffschicht eignen sich Polyamide, wie Polyamid 4.6, 6, 6.6, 6.10, 6.12, 11 und 12, Polyester, Polyphenylensulfit, Polyetheretherketon, Polyurethan, Polysulfone, thermoplastische, aromatische Polyamide, Polyphthalamide sowie Polypropylen. Es kommen jedoch auch andere Polymere und elastomere Kunststoffe in Frage, wie sie sich beispielsweise der EP-B-0 196 045 und EP-B-0 273 613 entnehmen lassen. Es können auch Mischungen von verschiedenen Kunststoffen verwendet werden, beispielsweise mit unterschiedlichem elastischen Vermögen, wobei die Kunststoffschicht auch aus Schichten bestehen kann, die aus Kunststoffen mit unterschiedlichem elastischen Vermögen bestehen. Auch insoweit kann die Auswahl der Kunststoffe und deren elastischen Eigenschaften an den jeweiligen Einsatzzweck angepaßt werden.Polyamides, such as polyamide, are suitable for the plastic layer 4.6, 6, 6.6, 6.10, 6.12, 11 and 12, polyester, polyphenylene sulfite, Polyetheretherketone, polyurethane, polysulfones, thermoplastic, aromatic polyamides, polyphthalamides and polypropylene. However, other polymers and elastomers also come Plastics in question, such as the EP-B-0 196 045 and EP-B-0 273 613 can be removed. It can mixtures of different plastics can also be used, for example with different elastic assets, the plastic layer also consist of layers can be made of plastics with different elastic Assets exist. The selection of plastics can also be used in this respect and their elastic properties on the respective Intended use.

Nach der Erfindung ist ferner vorgesehen, daß der Träger nicht nur auf einer Seite eine Kunststoffschicht aufweist, sondern beidseitig mit je einer Kunststoffschicht versehen ist. Eine solche Ausbildung bietet sich insbesondere dann an, wenn die Rückseite der Materialbahn starken mechanischen Belastungen ausgesetzt ist, vor denen der Träger geschützt werden soll. Dies kann beispielsweise im Formier- und Pressenbereich einer Papiermaschine der Fall sein, da dort die Papiermaschinenbänder über feststehende Einrichtungen wie Saugkästen, Leisten oder dergleichen geführt werden. Dabei sollte auch die zweite Kunststoffschicht Durchgangskanäle aufweisen, wobei die Ausbildung, Anordnung und Herstellung der Durchgangskanäle in analoger Weise wie bei der ersten Kunststoffschicht getroffen werden kann, die zweite Kunststoffschicht also alle vorbeschriebenen Merkmale der ersten Kunststoffschicht aufweisen kann. Um eine zur Außenseite der zweiten Kunststoffschicht ebenfalls zunehmende Durchlässigkeit zu erhalten, sollte die Anzahl der Porenhohlräume und/oder sollten die Einzelvolumina der Porenhohlräume vom Träger weggerichtet zunehmen. Dabei ist es zweckmäßig, daß die Anzahl und/oder die Volumina der Porenhohlräume in den Kunststoffschichten jeweils in den dem Träger benachbarten Bereichen wenigstens gleich ist, vorzugsweise in der zweiten Kunststoffschicht größer als in der ersten Kunststoffschicht. Für besondere Fälle kann es jedoch zweckmäßiger sein, daß die Anzahl der Porenhohlräume und/oder die Einzelvolumina der Porenhohlräume in der zweiten Kunststoffschicht vom Träger weggerichtet abnehmen, beispielsweise um ein Wiederbenetzen der Papierbahn bei der Trennung von Papierbahn und Papiermaschinenband zu vermeiden.According to the invention it is further provided that the carrier is not only has a plastic layer on one side, but is provided on both sides with a plastic layer. A Such training is particularly useful if the Strong mechanical loads on the back of the material web exposed from which the wearer should be protected. This can be done, for example, in the forming and pressing area Paper machine to be the case because there are the paper machine belts via fixed devices such as suction boxes, strips or the like. The second should also be Plastic layer have through channels, the training, Arrangement and production of the through channels in analog Be taken as in the first plastic layer can, the second plastic layer all of the above Can have features of the first plastic layer. Around one to the outside of the second plastic layer as well To get increasing permeability, the number of Pore cavities and / or should be the individual volumes of the pore cavities increase away from the wearer. It is advisable that the number and / or the volumes of the pore cavities in the plastic layers each in the adjacent to the carrier Ranges is at least the same, preferably in the second Plastic layer larger than in the first plastic layer. In special cases, however, it may be more appropriate that the number of pore cavities and / or the individual volumes the pore cavities in the second plastic layer from the carrier remove away, for example by rewetting the paper web in the separation of paper web and paper machine belt to avoid.

Es versteht sich, daß die Außenseite der zweiten Kunststoffschicht gleichfalls in erfindungsgemäßer Weise mit Einprägungen auch zwischen den öffnungen der Durchgangskanäle versehen sein kann.It is understood that the outside of the second plastic layer likewise in the manner according to the invention with impressions also provided between the openings of the through channels can be.

Für das Einformen der Einprägungen in der Außenseite der Kunststoffschicht(en) kommen verschiedene Verfahren in Frage. So ist es denkbar, die Einprägungen mit entsprechend profilierten Walzen vorzunehmen. Nach der Erfindung wird aber einem anderen Verfahren der Vorzug gegeben, das dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß bei oder nach der Erzeugung der Kunststoffschicht lösliche Partikel auf die Außenseite der Kunststoffschicht vorzugsweise in möglichst gleichmäßiger Verteilung aufgebracht und dann in die Kunststoffschicht eingedrückt werden, wobei die löslichen Partikel durch ein solches Lösungsmittel herauslösbar sind, gegenüber dem die Materialbahn im übrigen beständig ist, und danach diese löslichen Partikel herausgelöst werden. Das Verfahren zeichnet sich durch hohe Flexibilität und einfache Handhabung aus. Durch Wahl der Korngröße der löslichen Partikel kann die Rauhigkeit der Außenfläche der Kunststoffschicht den jeweiligen Anforderungen angepaßt werden. Auch die Anzahl der Einprägungen pro Flächeneinheit läßt sich durch eine entsprechende Verteilung beim Aufstreuen der löslichen Partikel einstellen. Für das Eindrücken der löslichen Partikel können gewöhnliche Walzenpressen, wie beispielsweise Kalander, vorgesehen sein.For molding the embossments on the outside of the plastic layer (s) different methods are possible. So it is conceivable to emboss the impressions with a corresponding profile Roll. According to the invention, however, another Preferred method, which is characterized in that soluble in or after the generation of the plastic layer Particles on the outside of the plastic layer preferably applied in as even a distribution as possible and then in the plastic layer are pressed in, the soluble Particles can be removed by such a solvent, against which the material web is otherwise resistant, and then these soluble particles are removed. The procedure is characterized by high flexibility and easy handling out. By choosing the particle size of the soluble particles can the roughness of the outer surface of the plastic layer be adapted to the respective requirements. Even the number of Impressions per unit area can be made by a corresponding Adjust the distribution when sprinkling the soluble particles. For the indentation of the soluble particles ordinary ones Roll presses, such as calenders, are provided his.

Es empfiehlt sich, daß die löslichen Partikel bei einer Temperatur der Kunststoffschicht in diese eingedrückt werden, bei der die Kunststoffschicht gegenüber dem Zustand bei Raumtemperatur erweicht ist, damit die löslichen Partikel ohne große Druckbeaufschlagung problemlos in die Kunststoffschicht einsinken und die Einprägungen nach dem Herauslösen der Partikel ihre Formgebung im wesentlichen behalten. Dabei ist es zweckmäßig, daß die löslichen Partikel im Anschluß an die Erzeugung der Kunststoffschicht bei noch erhöhter Temperatur aufgebracht und eingedrückt werden, also die Erwärmung des Kunststoffmaterials beim Aufbringen zwecks Erzeugung der Kunststoffschicht auf den Träger genutzt wird und damit eine erneute Erwärmung entfallen kann.It is recommended that the soluble particles be at a temperature the plastic layer are pressed into this, at which the plastic layer compared to the state at room temperature is softened so that the soluble particles without large Pressurization easily sink into the plastic layer and the impressions after the particles have been removed essentially keep their shape. It is advisable that the soluble particles following generation the plastic layer applied at an even higher temperature and pressed in, i.e. the heating of the plastic material when applying to create the plastic layer is used on the carrier and thus reheating can be omitted.

Die vorstehende Verfahrensweise für die Ausbildung der Einprägungen eignet sich insbesondere für solche Materialbahnen, die dadurch hergestellt werden, daß die Kunststoffschicht mit löslichen Komponenten versehen wird, welche unter Bildung von Durchgangskanälen durch ein solches Lösungsmittel herauslösbar sind, gegenüber dem die Materialbahn im übrigen beständig ist, und daß wenigstens ein Teil der in der Kunststoffschicht vorhandenen löslichen Komponenten und die außenseitig eingedrückten löslichen Partikeln - vorzugsweise in einem Arbeitsgang - herausgelöst werden. Durch das Eindrücken der löslichen Partikel in die Außenseite der Kunststoffschicht wird nämlich dort, wo die löslichen Komponenten an der Außenseite oberflächennah vorhanden sind, eine Verbindung zu diesen hergestellt. Nach dem Herauslösen der löslichen Partikel hat das Lösungsmittel Zugang zu den in der Kunststoffschicht zunächst eingeschlossenen löslichen Komponenten und kann deshalb auch diese vollständig auflösen und entfernen. Die Einprägungen bilden danach insoweit die Öffnungen der Durchgangskanäle. Das Verfahren ersetzt damit die Schleifbehandlung gemäß der EP-B-0 273 613, und zwar unabhängig davon, ob als lösliche Komponenten Fasern oder ebenfalls Partikel in der Kunststoffschicht eingelagert sind.The above procedure for the formation of the impressions is particularly suitable for such material webs can be produced in that the plastic layer with soluble Components are provided, which with the formation of Through channels can be removed by such a solvent against which the material web is otherwise resistant, and that at least a part of those present in the plastic layer soluble components and those pressed in on the outside soluble particles - preferably in one operation - be detached. By pressing in the soluble particles in the outside of the plastic layer where the soluble components on the outside near the surface are present, a connection to these is established. To the solvent has the dissolving of the soluble particles Access to those initially enclosed in the plastic layer soluble components and can therefore also completely dissolve and remove. In this respect, the impressions form the openings of the through channels. The procedure replaces thus the grinding treatment according to EP-B-0 273 613, regardless of whether fibers are soluble components or also particles embedded in the plastic layer are.

Für die Herstellung der Kunststoffschicht können die sich aus der EP-B-0 196 045 und der EP-B-0 273 613 ergebenden Verfahren angewendet werden. Als besonders zweckmäßig hat sich jedoch ein Verfahren erwiesen, bei dem zunächst ein Kunststoffpulver - z. B. durch Mahlen, Sieben etc. - gebildet wird und das Kunststoffpulver und als lösliche Komponenten partikelartige lösliche Teilchen auf den Träger aufgebracht werden und daß durch Wärme- und Druckbehandlung aus dem Kunststoffpulver eine außenseitig ebene Kunststoffschicht mit darin enthaltenen löslichen Teilchen erzeugt wird. Das Verfahren zeichnet sich durch einfache Handhabung und Flexibilität aus.They can be used for the production of the plastic layer EP-B-0 196 045 and EP-B-0 273 613 be applied. Has proven particularly useful, however A method has been proven in which first a plastic powder - e.g. B. by grinding, sieving, etc. - is formed and that Plastic powder and particle-like as soluble components soluble particles are applied to the carrier and that by heat and pressure treatment from the plastic powder on the outside flat plastic layer with soluble therein Particle is generated. The process stands out through easy handling and flexibility.

Die Korngröße der Teilchen des Kunststoffpulvers und auch die der löslichen Teilchen sowie deren Mischungsverhältnis kann in weiten Grenzen so eingestellt werden, daß sich eine gewünschte Struktur der Kunststoffschicht ergibt, insbesondere was die nach dem Herauslösen der löslichen Teilchen ergebenden Hohlräume der Durchgangskanäle betrifft. Vorzugsweise sollte jedoch die mittlere Korngröße des Kunststoffpulvers geringer sein, als die der löslichen Teilchen, beispielsweise nur die Hälfte bis ein Drittel der der löslichen Teilchen betragen und keinesfalls mehr als 100 µm sein. Auf diese Weise werden die löslichen Teilchen von einer Hehrzahl oder sogar Vielzahl von Teilchen des Kunststoffpulvers praktisch ummantelt, und es entsteht eine relativ dichte Packung.The grain size of the particles of the plastic powder and also the the soluble particles and their mixing ratio can be in wide limits can be set so that a desired Structure of the plastic layer results, especially what the cavities resulting from the dissolving of the soluble particles of the through channels. Preferably, however the average grain size of the plastic powder should be smaller, than that of the soluble particles, for example only half up to a third of the soluble particles and not at all be more than 100 µm. In this way, the soluble Particles of a number or even a large number of particles of the plastic powder practically coated, and it is created a relatively tight pack.

Die Vermischung des Kunststoffpulvers und der löslichen Teilchen kann vor dem Aufbringen auf den Träger, aber auch währenddessen erfolgen. Die anschließende Wärmebehandlung soll bei einer Temperatur erfolgen, bei der das Kunststoffpulver soweit plastifiziert wird, daß anschließend eine homogene, d. h. bis auf die löslichen Teilchen im wesentlichen porenlose Kunststoffschicht entsteht, die an dem Träger haftet. Die Druckausübung soll diesen Prozeß nicht nur begünstigen, sondern gleichzeitig auch für eine ebene Oberfläche sorgen, deren Rauhigkeit nachträglich durch die zusätzlich in die Außenfläche einzudrückenden löslichen Partikel bestimmt wird. Die Erwärmung kann dabei durch Infrarotbestrahlung oder in einem Heizofen etc. erfolgen, während die Druckausübung mit Hilfe von Walzen beispielsweise in einem Kalander durchgeführt werden kann. The mixing of the plastic powder and the soluble particles can be applied to the carrier, but also during it respectively. The subsequent heat treatment is said to a temperature at which the plastic powder so far is plasticized that a homogeneous, d. H. to on the soluble particles essentially non-porous plastic layer arises, which adheres to the carrier. The exertion of pressure should not only favor this process, but at the same time also ensure a flat surface, its roughness retrospectively by the additional to be pressed into the outer surface soluble particles is determined. The warming can be done by infrared radiation or in a heating oven etc. take place while the pressure is exerted using rollers for example, can be carried out in a calender.

Das Kunststoffpulver und die löslichen Teilchen können auch schichtweise aufgetragen werden, wobei für die Schichten unterschiedliche Korngrößen, Materialien und Mischungsverhältnisse vorgesehen sein können, um den jeweiligen Anforderungen Rechnung zu tragen. So können die löslichen Teilchen zum Träger hin von Schicht zu Schicht größer werden. Alternativ oder in Kombination dazu kann auch die Anzahl der löslichen Teilchen zum Träger hin von Schicht zu Schicht zunehmen. Beide Maßnahmen dienen dazu, die Durchlässigkeit zum Träger hin größer werden zu lassen, wie dies insbesondere bei der Verwendung der Materialbahn im Formier- und Pressenbereich einer Papiermaschine erwünscht ist.The plastic powder and the soluble particles can also applied in layers, with different layers Grain sizes, materials and mixing ratios can be provided to account for the respective requirements to wear. So the soluble particles can become the carrier get bigger from layer to layer. Alternatively or in The combination can also include the number of soluble particles increase from layer to layer towards the carrier. Both measures serve to increase the permeability to the wearer to let this be particularly so when using the web of material in the forming and press area of a paper machine is desired.

Auch das Hischungsverhältnis läßt sich in weiten Grenzen an den jeweiligen Verwendungszweck anpassen. Damit nach Herauslösen der löslichen Teilchen in ausreichendem Maß Durchgangskanäle entstehen, sollte das Volumenverhältnis zwischen Kunststoffpulver und löslichen Teilchen im Bereich 1/4:3/4 und 1/2:1/2 liegen, vorzugsweise im Bereich 2/3:1/3.The mixture ratio can also be set within wide limits adapt the respective purpose. So after detaching of the soluble particles to a sufficient extent through channels should arise, the volume ratio between plastic powder and soluble particles in the range 1/4: 3/4 and 1/2: 1/2 lie, preferably in the range 2/3: 1/3.

Um den Vorgang des Herauslösens der löslichen Komponenten und der löslichen Partikel zu vereinfachen, sollten beide aus demselben Material bestehen, so daß das Herauslösen in einem Arbeitsgang unter Verwendung desselben Lösungsmittels erfolgen kann. Für die in der Kunststoffschicht enthaltenen löslichen Komponenten sollten solche Substanzen gewählt werden, die unter der Hitzeeinwirkung bei der Erzeugung der Kunststoffschicht im wesentlichen formbeständig bleiben. Hierfür kommen polymere Fasern oder Partikel in Frage, die eine höhere Hitzebeständigkeit haben als die der Kunststoffmatrix, in die die löslichen Komponenten eingelagert sind. Zweckmäßigerweise sollten diese Bedingungen auch hinsichtlich der in die Außenseite der Kunststoffschicht eingedrückten löslichen Partikel gegeben sein. Für die Anwendung besonders günstig sind jedoch anorganische Substanzen und hier insbesondere wasserlösliche Salze wie NaCl, KCl und/oder CaCO3 sowie Chloride, Karbonate und/oder lösliche Sulfate der Alkali- oder Erdalkalielemente oder der Metalle sowie auch solche Salze, wie sie sich zusätzlich noch aus der DE-C-34 19 708 ergeben. Solche löslichen Partikel bzw. Teilchen werden durch die für die Bildung der Kunststoffschicht notwendige Hitzebehandlung nicht beeinträchtigt und sind gut riesel- und damit streufähig. In Frage kommen auch anorganische Substanzen, wie beispielsweise Kohlehydrate (Zucker) oder Salze organischer Säuren, wie Zitronensäure, Ascorbinsäure etc.In order to simplify the process of removing the soluble components and the soluble particles, both should be made of the same material, so that the removal can be carried out in one operation using the same solvent. For the soluble components contained in the plastic layer, such substances should be selected that remain essentially dimensionally stable under the influence of heat when the plastic layer is being produced. For this purpose, polymeric fibers or particles come into question which have a higher heat resistance than that of the plastic matrix in which the soluble components are embedded. These conditions should expediently also apply to the soluble particles pressed into the outside of the plastic layer. However, inorganic substances and in particular water-soluble salts such as NaCl, KCl and / or CaCO 3, as well as chlorides, carbonates and / or soluble sulfates of the alkali or alkaline earth elements or of the metals, and also salts such as these, are particularly favorable for use result from DE-C-34 19 708. Such soluble particles or particles are not adversely affected by the heat treatment necessary for the formation of the plastic layer and are easy to pour and thus scatterable. Inorganic substances such as carbohydrates (sugar) or salts of organic acids such as citric acid, ascorbic acid etc. are also suitable.

Nach der Erfindung ist desweiteren vorgesehen, daß lösliche Komponenten in Form von Teilchen verwendet werden, deren mittlere Durchmesser zwischen 30 bis 500 µm liegt. Für das Eindrücken in die Außenseite der Kunststoffschicht sollten lösliche Partikel verwendet werden, deren mittlere Durchmesser zwischen 5 bis 100 µm liegt. Dem Kunststoffpulver sollten Antioxidantien, wie sie beispielsweise aus der US-A-3 677 965 oder US-A-3 584 047 bekannt sind, beigemengt werden.According to the invention it is further provided that soluble Components in the form of particles are used, their mean Diameter is between 30 to 500 microns. For the impression soluble in the outside of the plastic layer Particles are used whose average diameter is between 5 to 100 microns. The plastic powder should have antioxidants, as for example from US-A-3 677 965 or US-A-3 584 047 are known.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß lösliche Komponenten aus wenigstens zwei Substanzen verwendet werden, wobei jeweils eine der Substanzen durch ein Lösungsmittel herauslösbar ist, gegenüber dem die jeweils andere(n) Substanz(en) beständig ist bzw. sind. Dies eröffnet die Möglichkeit, zunächst nur einen Teil der löslichen Komponenten herauszulösen und dann nach Installation der Haterialbahn und einer gewissen Betriebszeit einmal oder mehrmals eine Gruppe weiterer löslicher Komponenten herauszulösen und damit die anfängliche Durchlässigkeit der Materialbahn wiederherzustellen, wenn die Durchlässigkeit im Betrieb durch Verschmutzung etc. nachgelassen hat. Es versteht sich, daß die im Betrieb herauszulösenden Komponenten entweder gegenüber den herrschenden Umgebungs- und Betriebsbedingungen beständig sein müssen oder daß sie sich nur verzögert und sukzessiv aus der Matrix herauslösen. In a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that soluble components from at least two substances are used be, each one of the substances by a solvent is removable, against which the other substance (s) is or are stable. This opens up the possibility first remove only part of the soluble components and then after installing the material web and one one group or several times during certain operating times soluble components and thus the initial Restore permeability of the web, if the permeability during operation due to pollution etc. has decreased Has. It is understood that those to be extracted in the company Components either versus the prevailing environmental and operating conditions must be stable or that they get out of the matrix only with delay and successively.

Nach der Erfindung ist schließlich vorgesehen, daß auch auf der anderen Seite des Trägers eine Kunststoffschicht erzeugt wird. Dies kann in analoger Weise wie bei der ersten Kunststoffschicht geschehen, also unter Bildung einer Mischung eines Kunststoffpulvers mit löslichen Teilchen und anschließender Wärme- und Druckbehandlung. Auch hier sollten in die Außenseite der Kunststoffschicht lösliche Partikel eingedrückt und dann wieder herausgelöst werden, um die Rauhigkeit an den jeweiligen Verwendungszweck anzupassen und insbesondere Öffnungen für die Verbindung zu den in der Kunststoffschicht eingebetteten löslichen Komponenten zu schaffen, damit sie ebenfalls herausgelöst werden können.According to the invention it is finally provided that also creates a plastic layer on the other side of the carrier becomes. This can be done in an analogous manner to the first plastic layer happen, so to form a mixture a plastic powder with soluble particles and subsequent Heat and pressure treatment. Again, this should be in the outside particles pressed into the plastic layer and then be detached again to the roughness on the respective Adjust purpose and especially openings for the connection to those embedded in the plastic layer to create soluble components so they too can be extracted.

In der Zeichnung ist die Erfindung anhand eines stark vergrößert dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher veranschaulicht. Sie zeigt im Querschnitt einen Ausschnitt aus einer Materialbahn 1. Die Materialbahn 1 hat einen Träger 2, der als Gewebe mit Längsfaden 3 und Querfaden 4 ausgebildet ist. Auf der Ober- und Unterseite des Trägers 2 befindet sich jeweils eine Kunststoffschicht 5, 6.In the drawing, the invention is greatly enlarged on the basis of a illustrated embodiment illustrated in more detail. It shows a section of a section of a material web 1. The material web 1 has a carrier 2, which as a fabric is formed with longitudinal thread 3 and transverse thread 4. On the There is a top and bottom of the carrier 2 Plastic layer 5, 6.

Die erste Kunststoffschicht 5 ist entsprechend dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren dadurch hergestellt worden, daß eine Mischung aus einem Kunststoffpulver und löslichen Teilchen auf den Träger 2 aufgestreut und beides zusammen einer Wärme- und Druckbehandlung unterzogen worden ist. Hierdurch ist eine homogene Kunststoffschicht 5 mit darin im wesentlichen gleichmäßig verteilten löslichen Teilchen erzeugt worden, wobei sich aufgrund der Druckbehandlung eine ebene Außenfläche ergeben hat. Auf die noch erhitzte und deshalb plastisch gut verformbare Außenseite 7 der Kunststoffschicht 5 sind dann weitere lösliche Partikel aufgestreut und anschließend mittels Druckwalzen oder dergleichen in die Kunststoffschicht 5 eingedrückt worden. In entsprechender Weise ist mit der unteren Kunststoffschicht 6 verfahren worden, insbesondere in Bezug auf die Behandlung von deren Außenseite 8. The first plastic layer 5 is in accordance with the invention Process prepared by using a mixture from a plastic powder and soluble particles sprinkled the carrier 2 and both together a heat and Has been subjected to pressure treatment. This is a homogeneous Plastic layer 5 with substantially uniform therein distributed soluble particles have been generated, due to the pressure treatment has resulted in a flat outer surface. On the still heated and therefore plastically deformable The outside 7 of the plastic layer 5 are then more soluble Particles sprinkled and then using pressure rollers or the like has been pressed into the plastic layer 5. The same applies to the lower plastic layer 6 procedures, in particular with regard to treatment from the outside 8.

Danach ist die Materialbahn 1 einer Behandlung mit einem Lösungsmittel für die löslichen Partikel und Teilchen unterzogen worden. Bei dieser Behandlung haben sich zunächst die in die Außenseiten 7, 8 der Kunststoffschichten 5, 6 eingedrückten löslichen Partikel aufgelöst und dabei Einprägungen - beispielhaft mit 9 bezeichnet - hinterlassen. Diese Einprägungen 9 hapen zumindest teilweise nicht nur untereinander, sondern auch Verbindung zu den den Außenseiten 7, 8 naheliegenden löslichen Teilchen der Kunststoffschichten 5, 6 geschaffen, so daß das Lösungsmittel auch diese Teilchen erreicht und auflöst. Die Auflösung hat zur Folge, daß in den Kunststoffschichten 5, 6 Porenhohlräume - beispielhaft mit 10 bezeichnet - entstehen, welche die Formgebung des jeweils herausgelösten Teilchen haben und untereinander in Verbindung stehen. Dabei ist eine Verbindung nicht nur in vertikaler Richtung gegeben, sondern aufgrund der gleichmäßigen Verteilung der löslichen Teilchen auch in horizontaler Richtung. Damit ist eine Porenstruktur vorhanden, die einem offenporigen Kunststoffschaum ähnelt, wobei sich die Porenhohlräume 10 zu Durchgangskanälen ergänzen.Thereafter, the material web 1 is a treatment with a solvent subjected to the soluble particles and particles been. With this treatment, those in the Outside 7, 8 of the plastic layers 5, 6 pressed soluble particles dissolved and impressions - exemplary designated 9 - leave. These embossments 9 at least partly not only among themselves, but also Connection to the soluble outer surfaces 7, 8 Particles of the plastic layers 5, 6 created, so that Solvent also reaches these particles and dissolves them. The Dissolution has the consequence that in the plastic layers 5, 6 Pore cavities - designated 10 by way of example - arise which have the shape of the detached particle and communicate with each other. There is a connection not only given in the vertical direction, but due to the uniform distribution of the soluble particles too in the horizontal direction. So there is a pore structure, which resembles an open-pore plastic foam, whereby the pore cavities 10 complement each other to form through channels.

Die Porenhohlräume 10 der obenseitigen Kunststoffschicht 5 sind zum Träger 2 hin größer als im Bereich der Außenseite 7. Dies läßt sich dadurch herstellen, daß zunächst eine Mischung aus Kunststoffpulver und relativ großen löslichen Teilchen und danach eine weitere Mischung aus Kunststoffpulver und demgegenüber kleineren löslichen Teilchen aufgetragen wird. Bei der untenseitigen Kunststoffschicht 6 ist ein Kunststoffpulver mit noch größeren löslichen Teilchen verwendet worden, so daß die Porenhohlräume 10 größer sind als die der obenseitigen Kunststoffschicht 3.The pore cavities 10 of the top plastic layer 5 are larger towards the carrier 2 than in the area of the outside 7. This can be done by first mixing made of plastic powder and relatively large soluble particles and then another mixture of plastic powder and in contrast smaller soluble particles is applied. With the underside Plastic layer 6 is a plastic powder with even larger soluble particles have been used so that the Pore cavities 10 are larger than that of the plastic layer on the top 3rd

Claims (41)

  1. Material web (1) with a support (2) which comprises on at least one side an externally even plastic layer (5, 6), through which pass channels, characterised in that the outside (7, 8) of the plastic layer (5, 6) comprises impressions (9) also between the openings of the channels, which are at least partially connected to each other and to the channels.
  2. Material web according to Claim 1, characterised in that the impressions (9) have a mean diameter of between 5 and 100 µm.
  3. Material web according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the support (2) is a textile support formed of threads.
  4. Material web according to Claim 3, characterised in that the textile support is a thread composition, a knitted product, a woven product and/or a weave and/or a combination of such textile supports.
  5. Material web according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the support comprises a staple fibre fleece and/or a punched or extruded net structure or is made thereof.
  6. Material web according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the support is provided with a fibre fleece.
  7. Material web according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the channels are composed of a plurality of interconnected pore cavities (10).
  8. Material web according to Claim 7, characterised in that the number of pore cavities (10) increases towards the support.
  9. Material web according to Claim 7 or 8, characterised in that the individual volumes of the pore cavities (10) increase towards the support.
  10. Material web according to Claim 7 to 9, characterised in that pore cavities (10) lying alongside each other are interconnected.
  11. Material web according to one of Claims 7 to 10, characterised in that the mean diameter of the pore cavities (10) lies in the region between 30 and 500 µm.
  12. Material web according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the plastic layer (5, 6) contains soluble components, which can be extracted by means of a solvent, to which the material web is otherwise resistant, and which are distributed in such a manner that additional channels form following the extraction.
  13. Material web according to one of Claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the plastic layer (5, 6) is composed of a polyamide, polyester, polypropylenesulfite, polyetheretherketon, polyurethane, polysulfones, polyphthalamide and/or polypropylene.
  14. Material web according to one of Claims 1 to 13, characterised in that the plastic layer (5, 6) is composed of a mixture of plastic materials of different elastic properties.
  15. Material web according to one of Claims 1 to 14, characterised in that the plastic layer (5, 6) is composed of layers made of plastic materials of different elastic properties.
  16. Material web according to one of Claims 1 to 15, characterised in that the support (2) is on both sides provided with a plastic layer (5, 6) which is penetrated by the channels.
  17. Material web according to at least one of Claims 7 to 11 and Claim 16, characterised in that the number of pore cavities (10) of the second plastic layer (6) increases facing away from the support.
  18. Material web according to at least one of Claims 7 to 11 and Claim 16 or 17, characterised in that the individual volumes of the pore cavities (10) in the second plastic layer (6) increase facing away from the support (6).
  19. Material web according to Claim 17 or 18, characterised in that the number of pore cavities (10) in the area of the second plastic layer (6) adjacent the support (2) equals at least the number of pore cavities (10) in the area of the first plastic layer (5) adjacent the support (2).
  20. Material web according to one of Claims 17 to 19, characterised in that the individual volumes of the pore cavities (10) in the area of the second plastic layer (6) adjacent the support (2) are at least equal the individual volumes of the pore cavities (10) in the area of the first plastic layer (5) adjacent the support (2).
  21. Process for manufacturing a material web (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 20, in which at least on one side of a support (2) is produced a plastic layer (5, 6) with channels, characterised in that during or after manufacture of the plastic layer (5, 6) soluble particles are applied to the outside (7, 8) of the plastic layer (5, 6) and then pressed into the plastic layer (5, 6), and the soluble particles are extracted by a solvent to which the material web (1) is otherwise resistant, and thereafter these soluble particles are extracted.
  22. Process according to Claim 21, characterised in that the soluble particles are pressed into the plastic layer (5, 6) at a temperature of the latter at which the plastic layer (5, 6) is softened relative to the state of the room temperature.
  23. Process according to Claim 22, characterised in that following the manufacture of the plastic layer (5, 6), the soluble particles are applied at still increased temperature and pressed in.
  24. Process according to one of Claims 21 to 23, characterised in that the plastic layer (5, 6) is provided with soluble components which are extractable, whilst forming channels, by a solvent to which the material web (1) is otherwise resistant, and at least a portion of soluble components present in the plastic layer (1) and extemally pressed in soluble particles are extracted.
  25. Process according to Claim 24, characterised in that initially a plastic powder is formed, and the plastic powder and the soluble components are applied to the support (2) in the form of particled soluble parts, and an externally even plastic layer (5, 6) including soluble particles is produced from the plastic powder by heat and pressure treatment.
  26. Process according to Claim 25, characterised in that the mean grain size of the plastic powder is less than that of the soluble particles.
  27. Process according to Claim 26, characterised in that the mean grain size of the plastic powder is no more than 100 µm.
  28. Process according to one of Claims 25 to 27, characterised in that the plastic powder and the soluble particles are mixed prior to application to the support (2).
  29. Process according to one of Claims 25 to 28, characterised in that the plastic powder and the soluble particles are applied in several layers.
  30. Process according to one of Claims 25 to 29, characterised in that the soluble particles increase in size from layer to layer towards the support (2).
  31. Process according to one of Claims 25 to 30, characterised in that the number of soluble particles increases from layer to layer towards the support (2).
  32. Process according to one of Claims 25 to 31, characterised in that the plastic powder and the soluble particles are mixed at a volume ratio between ¼ : ¾ and ½ : ½.
  33. Process according to one of Claims 24 to 32, characterised in that the soluble components and the soluble particles are made of the same material.
  34. Process according to one of Claims 21 to 33, characterised in that inorganic substances are used for the soluble components or particles.
  35. Process according to Claim 34, characterised in that salts such as NaCl, KCl and/or CaCO3 are used as inorganic substances.
  36. Process according to one of Claims 21 to 33, characterised in that organic substances or salts of organic acids are used as soluble components or particles.
  37. Process according to Claim 24 to 36, characterised in that soluble components in form of soluble particles are used the mean diameter of which lies between 30 and 500 µm.
  38. Process according to one of Claims 21 to 37, characterised in that soluble particles with a mean diameter between 5 and 100 pm are used for pressing into the outside of the plastic layer (5, 6).
  39. Process according to one of Claims 21 to 38, characterised in that antioxidants are added to the plastic powder.
  40. Process according to at least Claim 24, characterised in that soluble components of at least two substances are used, and one of the two substances is extractable by a solvent to which the respective other substance(s) is/are resistant.
  41. Process according to one of Claims 21 to 40, characterised in that a plastic layer (6) with channels is also produced on the other side of the support (2).
EP97901065A 1996-01-25 1997-01-17 Web of fabric and process for its production Expired - Lifetime EP0817886B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI9730030T SI0817886T1 (en) 1996-01-25 1997-01-17 Web of fabric and process for its production
EP97901065A EP0817886B1 (en) 1996-01-25 1997-01-17 Web of fabric and process for its production
GR20000400505T GR3032802T3 (en) 1996-01-25 2000-02-29 Web of fabric and process for its production

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP96101069A EP0786550B1 (en) 1996-01-25 1996-01-25 Material web and production method for the same
EP96101069 1996-01-25
PCT/EP1997/000215 WO1997027362A1 (en) 1996-01-25 1997-01-17 Web of fabric and process for its production
EP97901065A EP0817886B1 (en) 1996-01-25 1997-01-17 Web of fabric and process for its production

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0817886A1 EP0817886A1 (en) 1998-01-14
EP0817886B1 true EP0817886B1 (en) 2000-01-19

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EP96101069A Expired - Lifetime EP0786550B1 (en) 1996-01-25 1996-01-25 Material web and production method for the same
EP97901065A Expired - Lifetime EP0817886B1 (en) 1996-01-25 1997-01-17 Web of fabric and process for its production

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EP96101069A Expired - Lifetime EP0786550B1 (en) 1996-01-25 1996-01-25 Material web and production method for the same

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US (1) US6057255A (en)
EP (2) EP0786550B1 (en)
KR (1) KR100286511B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE189016T1 (en)
AU (1) AU696610B2 (en)
BR (1) BR9704636A (en)
CA (1) CA2213841C (en)
CZ (1) CZ293405B6 (en)
DE (1) DE59604227D1 (en)
DK (1) DK0786550T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2144162T3 (en)
GR (1) GR3032802T3 (en)
MX (1) MX9707245A (en)
MY (1) MY119214A (en)
NO (1) NO311229B1 (en)
PL (1) PL182272B1 (en)
PT (1) PT786550E (en)
SI (1) SI0817886T1 (en)
SK (1) SK279612B6 (en)
TR (1) TR199701032T1 (en)
TW (1) TW339384B (en)
WO (1) WO1997027362A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA97598B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7279074B2 (en) 2003-08-13 2007-10-09 Heimbach Gmbh & Co. Paper machine clothing

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US20060084336A1 (en) * 1999-08-10 2006-04-20 Warwick Mills, Inc. High strength lightweight composite fabric with low gas permeability
PT1214469E (en) * 1999-09-21 2004-05-31 Asten Privatgesellschaft Mit B COATING FOR A PAPER MACHINE
DE50100938D1 (en) 2000-06-06 2003-12-18 Heimbach Gmbh Thomas Josef Shoe press belt for paper machines
DE10241010A1 (en) * 2002-09-05 2004-03-25 Voith Paper Patent Gmbh transfer tape
US20070111625A1 (en) * 2002-10-24 2007-05-17 Voith Fabrics Patent Gmbh Condensation dryer fabric
DE202008016863U1 (en) 2008-01-31 2009-04-02 Voith Patent Gmbh Covering with detachable portion
DE102008001854A1 (en) * 2008-05-19 2009-11-26 Voith Patent Gmbh Press Felt
CN105473784B (en) * 2013-08-09 2019-01-08 福伊特专利有限公司 Stretching
WO2015090797A1 (en) * 2013-12-20 2015-06-25 Voith Patent Gmbh Fabric and method for producing same
KR102317465B1 (en) 2014-11-19 2021-10-27 유한킴벌리 주식회사 Disposable absorbent article
CN113183281A (en) * 2021-04-23 2021-07-30 湖南三一快而居住宅工业有限公司 Aerated concrete prefabricated part and production method thereof

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FI75893C (en) * 1985-03-01 1988-08-08 Nokia Oy Ab SKIVFORMAD VAETSKEGENOMSLAEPPANDE STRUKTUR, OCH FOERFARANDE FOER TILLVERKNING AV DENSAMMA.
US4847116A (en) * 1988-05-09 1989-07-11 Albany International Corp. Method for depositing particles and a binder system on a base fabric
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US7279074B2 (en) 2003-08-13 2007-10-09 Heimbach Gmbh & Co. Paper machine clothing

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL182272B1 (en) 2001-12-31
ZA97598B (en) 1997-08-08
CZ293405B6 (en) 2004-04-14
KR19980703252A (en) 1998-10-15
TR199701032T1 (en) 1997-12-21
ATE189016T1 (en) 2000-02-15
CA2213841C (en) 2002-10-01
NO974421D0 (en) 1997-09-24
US6057255A (en) 2000-05-02
SI0817886T1 (en) 2000-06-30
DE59604227D1 (en) 2000-02-24
EP0786550A1 (en) 1997-07-30
AU1444597A (en) 1997-08-20
BR9704636A (en) 1998-06-09
AU696610B2 (en) 1998-09-17
EP0786550B1 (en) 2000-01-19
SK279612B6 (en) 1999-01-11
PL322383A1 (en) 1998-01-19
WO1997027362A1 (en) 1997-07-31
CZ299697A3 (en) 1997-12-17
KR100286511B1 (en) 2001-04-16
EP0817886A1 (en) 1998-01-14
PT786550E (en) 2000-05-31
MX9707245A (en) 1998-08-30
ES2144162T3 (en) 2000-06-01
NO311229B1 (en) 2001-10-29
NO974421L (en) 1997-09-24
GR3032802T3 (en) 2000-06-30
CA2213841A1 (en) 1997-07-31
MY119214A (en) 2005-04-30
SK130097A3 (en) 1998-06-03
DK0786550T3 (en) 2000-06-26
TW339384B (en) 1998-09-01

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