EP0817225A1 - Multiphase circuit breaker, in particular for high voltage - Google Patents

Abstract

The system has a number of identical electrical circuit breakers Ä2-4Ü that each have a movable contact Ä10Ü that is fixed to a connecting rod Ä22Ü coupled to a crankshaft mechanism Ä21,27,32Ü that located in a housing on the side of the main housing Ä17Ü. A shaft connects Ä20Ü the links together. The crank mechanisms are coupled to a common actuator shaft Ä47Ü. The timing of the circuit-breaker stages can be adjusted Ä50,60Ü relative to each other.

Description

The invention relates to a multi-pole switch, in particular for high voltage, according to the preamble of the claim 1.

A switch of this type is known from EP-A-0 663 675. This switch is identical for all poles trained breaker units provided, the movable Contact pieces each over each breaker unit assigned gear chain and a drive linkage with a common to all breaker units Drive are connected. Each transmission chain has one that Movable contact piece with a transmission link connecting a shaft and a non-rotatably arranged one on the shaft Swing arm that is designed as a double lever is, the partial lever with respect to the shaft a different Have rotational position. To generate a switching time difference between two poles there is a tab on the drive linkage hinged on unequal levers of these poles. The difference between the switching times is determined by the Angle determined between the two levers. To them too change, the double levers must be replaced. Fine adjustment of the switching times, e.g. to compensate scattering of the driving force is difficult. Another disadvantage is that a manufacturer such switch double lever and associated drive rods for at least four different switching time delays must have in stock all possible combinations to be able to realize.

The present invention is based on the object to create a switch of the type mentioned, the it makes it possible to use identical gear links all transmission chains practically all possible To stagger the switching times of individual poles.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a generic Switch which in the characterizing part of claim 1 Features specified resolved.

The switch according to the invention enables both precise Setting the desired graduation times, as also an exact setting of simultaneity of all Pole. Are both switches in a system with simultaneously switching contacts as well as those with staggering the switching times used, so do not have to be different trained switches kept in reserve will.

Preferred configurations of the switch according to the invention are defined in the dependent claims.

The invention will now be described with reference to three in the drawing illustrated embodiments explained in more detail.

Fig.1

ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines dreipoligen Schalters in Ansicht und teilweise im Schnitt, mit drei sich in Ausschaltstellung befindenden Unterbrechereinheiten;

Fig. 2

einen Schnitt nach Linie II-II in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3

den Schalter nach Fig. 1 in Einschaltstellung der Unterbrechereinheiten;

Fig. 4

ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines dreipoligen Schalters in Ansicht und teilweise im Schnitt mit drei sich in Ausschaltstellung befindenden Unterbrechereinheiten;

Fig. 5

einen Schnitt nach Linie V-V in Fig. 4;

Fig. 6

den Schalter nach Fig. 4 in Einschaltstellung der Unterbrechereinheiten;

Fig. 7

ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel eines dreipoligen Schalters in Ansicht und teilweise im Schnitt mit drei sich in Ausschaltstellung befindenden Unterbrechereinheiten;

Fig. 8

einen Schnitt nach Linie VIII-VIII in Fig. 7;

Fig. 9

den Schalter nach Fig. 7 in Einschaltstellung der Unterbrechereinheiten; und

Fig. 10

in einer grafischen Darstellung ein Beispiel eines zeitlichen Hubverlaufs der beweglichen Schaltkontakte der Unterbrechereinheiten des in Fig. 1 bis 3 gezeigten Schalters.

It shows purely schematically:

Fig. 1

a first embodiment of a three-pole switch in view and partially in section, with three interrupter units in the off position;

Fig. 2

a section along line II-II in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3

the switch of Figure 1 in the on position of the breaker units.

Fig. 4

a second embodiment of a three-pole switch in view and partly in section with three interrupter units in the off position;

Fig. 5

a section along line VV in Fig. 4;

Fig. 6

4 in the switch-on position of the interrupter units;

Fig. 7

a third embodiment of a three-pole switch in view and partly in section with three interrupter units in the off position;

Fig. 8

a section along line VIII-VIII in Fig. 7;

Fig. 9

7 in the switch-on position of the interrupter units; and

Fig. 10

in a graphic representation an example of a time course of the stroke of the movable switch contacts of the interrupter units of the switch shown in FIGS. 1 to 3.

1, a configured as a pressure gas switch, three-pole high-voltage switch 1 three identical trained breaker units 2, 3, 4. Each breaker unit 2, 3, 4 is with a fixed contact piece 8 provided that with a first connection flange 9 is electrically connected. With the fixed Contact piece 8 acts to switch on in direction of arrow E and for switching off in direction of arrow A movable contact piece 10 together with a second Connection flange 11 is electrically connected. The contact pieces 8, 10 are inside a switching chamber insulator 13 arranged, the 14 via a post insulator is supported on a mechanism housing 16. The mechanism housing 16 of the interrupter units 2, 3, 4 are on one common to all interrupter units 2, 3, 4, box-shaped chassis 17 attached.

In the mechanism housing 16 of each interrupter unit 2, 3, 4 is a shaft running transversely to the switching direction 20 arranged and rotatably supported, both the mechanism housing 16 as well as the chassis 17 penetrates. On the part running inside the mechanism housing 16 the shaft 20 is a rocker 21 rotatably arranged via a push rod 22 designed as an insulating rod is connected to the contact piece 10. The push rod 22 is on the swing arm 21 on the one hand and on the contact piece 10 hinged on the other. All waves 20 lie in a common one Level B and are parallel to each other.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 a preferred pivoting of the wings 21 in one Angular range from 50 ° to 130 ° provided. The two end positions the wings 21 are shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the one according to FIG. 1 in the off position corresponds to the high-voltage switch 1. Fig. 3 shows the Switch-on position of the high-voltage switch 1, in which the movable contact piece 10 inside the tulip-like trained, fixed contact piece 8 protrudes.

On the part of each shaft 20 penetrating the chassis 17 sits a fork-shaped oscillating link 27, both of which Legs 28, 29 (Fig. 2) each with a radial to the shaft axis extending slot 30 are provided. The two The outer surfaces of the legs 28, 29 are each in the chassis 17 mounted, pivotable auxiliary lever 32, 33 assigned. The two mutually parallel auxiliary levers 32, 33 are over one through the slots 30 of the forked vibrating member 27 protruding bolts 36 connected together and together with it form a crank-like structure.

The bolt 36 of the middle interrupter unit 3 is over one coupling 40, 41 each with the bolts 36 of the other interrupter units 2, 4 articulated. On bolt 36 the Interrupter unit 4 is articulated a drive coupling 42, the other end with a drive lever 43 is articulated. The drive lever 43 sits on an output shaft 45 parallel to the shafts 20 Drive 44.

The drive coupling 42 and the coupling 40, 41 form one Drive linkage 47, which all interrupter units 2, 3, 4 connects to the common drive 44. The drive 44 causes via the drive linkage 47 and each breaker unit 2, 3, 4 associated transmission chain 50, the the auxiliary lever 32, 33 with the bolt 36, the vibrating link 27, the rocker 21 and the push rod 22 includes the Movement of the contact piece 10 back and forth between the Switch-on position and the switch-off position.

When pivoting the drive lever 43 from the in Fig. 1 position shown counterclockwise is about the drive linkage 47 and the transmission chains 50 all Interrupt units 2, 3, 4 the switch-on movement of the Contact pieces 10 carried out in the direction of arrow E. The pivoting of the drive lever 43 clockwise from the in Fig. 3 position causes the switch-off movement Contact pieces 10 in the direction of arrow A.

The coupling 40, 41 and the drive coupling 43 are in adjustable in length. Each paddle 40, 41 and the drive coupling 43 has a hexagonal rod, which are provided with an internal thread at both ends is, at one end a right-hand thread, at the other End a left-hand thread for one each on the respective bolt 36 or articulated on the drive lever 43, in the hexagonal rod screwed threaded bolt is provided. The the coupling length is set using the lock nut 54 fixed.

By the longitudinal adjustment of the coupling 40, 41, the relative position the auxiliary lever 32, 33 and the fork-shaped, slotted oscillating links 27 on individual interrupter units 2, 3, 4 can be changed. Depending on the coupling length the pivot point of the drive linkage 47 forming bolts 36 in the a longitudinal guide radially to Shaft 20 forming slots 30 is adjusted, whereby the Position of the articulation points with respect to the shafts 20 on the individual oscillating links 27 is controlled.

1 and 3, for example, the auxiliary levers 32, 33 of an interrupter unit, possibly those of the interrupter unit 4, are set such that they are at right angles to the oscillating link 27 in the end positions corresponding to the switch-off or switch-on position and assume a dead center position. 1 and 3, the angles which in this case include the auxiliary levers 32, 33 with a plane C perpendicular to the plane B in the end positions are denoted by α ₄ and β ₄ . Since the pivot axis of the auxiliary levers 32, 33 and the axis of the shaft 20 also lie in the plane C, the angle β ₄ is equal to the negative angle α ₄ .

The auxiliary levers 32, 33 of the interrupter unit 3, on the other hand, are set via the drive linkage 47 such that they assume a smaller angle α ₃ in comparison with the angle α _{4 of} the auxiliary levers 32, 33 of the interrupter unit 4 in the switch-off position according to FIG. 1, in the switch-on position 3, however, include a larger angle β ₃ with the plane C. The reverse is the selected setting of the auxiliary levers 32, 33 in the interrupter unit 2; 1 at a larger angle α ₂ than those of the interrupter unit 4 (angle α ₄ ), in the switched-on position according to FIG. 3 the angle β _{2 is} smaller than the angle β ₄ .

The auxiliary levers 32, 33 of all interrupter units 2, 3. 4, however, assume at least approximately a dead center position both in the switched-on position and in the switched-off position, from which a relatively large movement of the auxiliary levers 32, 33 is necessary to determine the position of the movable contact piece 10 to change significantly. As can be seen from the stroke / time diagram shown in FIG. 10, in the switch-on position I (at a point in time t ₀ ) the position of the movable contact pieces 10 of the interrupter units 2, 3, 4 varies only by a minimal amount h, with all contact pieces 10 inside the fixed contact pieces 8, ie are in contact with the same. When the drive lever 43 is pivoted, the movable contact pieces 10 of the interrupter units 2, 3, 4 are staggered in terms of time out of engagement with the fixed contact pieces 8, ie they stagger a stroke KT necessary for the contact separation; First, at a switching point in time t _1, the contact separation on the interrupter unit 2 takes place, since the articulation point of the drive linkage 47 on the oscillating link 27 according to FIG. 3 is closest to the shaft 20, and thus already with a relatively small movement of the auxiliary levers 32, 33 Swiveling of the oscillating link 27 and thus also the swing arm 21 operatively connected to the push rod 22 takes place. This is followed by the contact separation at the interrupter unit 4 at the switching time t ₂ , followed by the interrupter unit 3 at the switching time t ₃ , at which the articulation point of the drive linkage 47 on the oscillating link 27 is furthest from the shaft 20, so that the auxiliary levers 32 move relatively large , 33 for pivoting the oscillating link 27 is necessary.

By adjusting the length of the drive linkage 47 in all possible graduation times in a certain area can be adjusted continuously. But it is also possible to set an exact simultaneity of all poles.

Another embodiment of a likewise three-pole High-voltage switch 1 'is shown in Figs. 4 to 6. The similar and equivalent parts are still with the same reference numerals as in Figs. 1 to 3. So again are the movable contact pieces 10 of the interrupter units 2, 3, 4 each over the Push rod 22 with the rocker seated on the shaft 20 21 operatively connected; also those arranged on the shafts 20 in a rotationally fixed manner Swing members 27 are the same as those 1 to 3 and form together with the above-mentioned transmission links each have a part a transmission chain assigned to each interrupter unit 2, 3, 4 60, which also in this embodiment with the continuously adjustable drive linkage 47 is connected. The slots 30 of each Swing member 27 penetrating bolt 36 on which the Drive linkage 47 is articulated, but is in this Embodiment not with auxiliary levers, as in the first Variant, but with a fixed, arranged on the chassis 17 Backdrop 62 connected. Every backdrop shows 62 a middle section 62b and two rectilinear ones End portions 62a, 62c. In which the switch-on or Switch-off position corresponding end positions of the Swing member 27 take the slots 30 of the swing member 27 one with the end portions 62a, 62c of the Backdrop 62 covering position, which in turn a Dead center position of these two links of the transmission chain 60 in the switch is switched on or off becomes. Similar to the first embodiment 1 to 3 can by the length adjustment Coupling 40, 41 and the drive coupling 42 of the articulation point of the drive linkage 47 and the respective oscillating link 27 controlled in its position with respect to the shaft 20 become what is both a simultaneous and a temporal staggered switching of all poles enables. In Fig. 4 to 6 is an example of a setting shown at which during the switch-off movement from that shown in Fig. 6 Switch-on position first the contact separation the interrupter unit 2 takes place because the bolt 36 this Interrupter unit 2 the end portion 62c of the link 62 leaves first and - in the middle section 62b - The pivoting of the oscillating link 27 causes. The contacts are then disconnected at the interrupter unit 4, followed by the breaker unit 3, its bolt 36 furthest in the switched-on position according to FIG. 6 from the shaft 20 and the longest path in the end section 62c or in slot 30 must perform before the pivoting of the oscillating link 27 takes place.

With this variant, both in the switch-on position, as well as in the off position the position of the movable Contacts 10 of all interrupter units 2, 3, 4 equal.

In the third variant shown in FIGS. 7 to 9 of a multi-pole high-voltage switch 1 '' is in turn in the mechanism housing 16 of each interrupter unit 2, 3, 4 an essentially the known from FIGS. 1 to 6 shaft 20 corresponding shaft 64 with a non-rotatably arranged Swing arm 65 is mounted on the swing arm 65 on the one hand and on the movable contact piece 10 on the other Articulated push rod 63 is operatively connected. The push rod 63 is angled in its drive-side end region. The articulation point between the push rod 63 and the rocker 65 is located on the angled part 63a the push rod 63.

On a part of the shaft protruding into the chassis 17 64 sits a vibrating link 66, which is part of a four-bar linkage 70 forms; the quadrangle 70 further includes a crank member 69 pivotally mounted in the chassis 17 and a coupling element 67. The coupling element 67 is on the one hand articulated on oscillating link 66 and on the other hand an axis 68 mounted on the crank member 69 is. This is common to all interrupter units 2, 3, 4 Drive linkage 47 is on the axes 68 of the interrupter units 2, 3, 4 articulated.

In this embodiment, too, each interrupter unit 2, 3, 4 a designated 71 in FIGS. 7 to 9, this time the swing arm 65, the push rod 63 and assigned the transmission chain 70 comprising the quadrilateral joint 70, the drive linkage 47 with the common drive 44 is connected.

The quadrilateral 70 of the gear chain 71 causes that a pivoting of the drive lever 43 in one area of about 90 ° in a pivoting of the rocker 65 by 180 ° is implemented; the swing arm 65 is in both end positions, 7 of which the switch-off position according to FIG. 7, 9 corresponds to the switch-on position, approximately in a dead center position with respect to the Brought push rod 63, in which the rocker 65 and also the non-angled part 63 b of the push rod 63 at least approximately in the switching direction of the movable contact piece 10 are set, so that a relatively large Swinging of the rocker 65 from this position is necessary is to the position of the movable contact piece 10th to change significantly.

In this embodiment, too, both the simultaneous and the staggered switching of the individual poles can be realized by adjusting the length of the couplers 40, 41. 7 to 9 show a setting in which the rocker 65 of the interrupter unit 4 is placed parallel to the switching direction of the contact piece 10 via the four-bar link 70 both in the switched-off position according to FIG. 7 and in the switched-on position according to FIG. 9. In contrast, the rocker 65 of the interrupter unit 3 is pivoted counterclockwise by an angle δ ₃ or δ ₃ 'in the two end positions, while the rocker 65 of the interrupter unit 2 takes a clockwise angle of δ ₂ or δ ₂ in the two end positions 'swiveled position. Both in the switch-off position and in the switch-on position, however, all of the rockers 65 are at least approximately in a dead center position with respect to the push rods 63, which corresponds to a minimal stroke deviation h (FIG. 10) of individual contact pieces 10. The crank links 69 and the coupling links 67 of the transmission chains 71 are also in mutually different positions, which has the consequence that a pivoting of the drive lever 43 from the switch-on position according to FIG. 9 in the clockwise direction first disconnects the interrupter unit 3, followed by the interrupter unit 4 and last the interrupter unit 2, caused. The contact touches take place in the reverse order when switching on.

In all three embodiments, for the purpose of reduction of overvoltages and / or switch loads with gear chains 50 or 60 or 71, which are identical trained transmission links are composed in given range practically all possible gradations the switching times of the poles can be finely adjusted. At all embodiments can also be used simultaneously Switching all poles can be set exactly. Need in a system switch with both staggered in time switching contacts can also be used at the same time, so only one switch version has to be used.

Claims (7)

Multi-pole switch, in particular for high voltage, with interrupter units (2, 3, 4) of identical design for all poles, each of which has a contact piece (10) which can be moved back and forth between a switch-on position and a switch-off position and which is connected via one of the interrupter units (2, 3 , 4) assigned transmission chain (50, 60, 71) and a drive linkage (47) is connected to a drive (44) common to all interrupter units (2, 3, 4), the transmission chains (50, 60, 71) of all interrupter units ( 2, 3, 4) are composed of identical transmission members and each have a rocker (21, 65) seated on a shaft (20, 64) penetrating a mechanism housing (16) of the interrupter unit, a rocker (21, 65) thereon and on the contact piece (10) concerned have articulated push rod (22, 63) and an oscillating member (27, 66) arranged in a rotationally fixed manner on the shaft (20, 64), characterized in that the oscillating member (27, 66) under cooperation tion with at least one further gear element (32, 33, 36; 36, 62; 70) is connected to the drive linkage (47), two interacting links of the transmission chain (50, 60, 71) assume at least approximately a dead center position both in the switched-on position and in the switched-off position, and the relative position of the transmission chains (50, 60, 71) for setting the switching times (t ₁ , t ₂ , t ₃ ) of the individual interrupter units (2, 3, 4) is adjustable. Switch according to claim 1, characterized in that the relative position of the transmission chains (50, 60, 71) continuously is adjustable. Switch according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that to adjust the relative position of the transmission chains (50, 60, 71) the drive linkage (47) in the Length adjustable couplers (40, 41, 42). Switch according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that the vibrating link (27) with a to Shaft (20) at least approximately radial longitudinal guide (30) is provided, in which in cooperation with the further transmission link (32, 33, 36; 36, 62) Articulation point of the drive linkage (47) in its position is displaceable with respect to the shaft (20). Switch according to claim 4, characterized in that the further transmission link as one about an axis pivotable auxiliary lever (32, 33) is formed, the with one protruding into the longitudinal guide (30) Linkage point for the drive linkage (47) forming Bolt (36) is provided, both in the switched-on position as well as in the off position of the Auxiliary lever (32, 33) an at least approximately rectangular Position to the oscillating link (27) or to Longitudinal guide (30) takes. Switch according to claim 4, characterized in that the drive linkage (47) on one in a stationary Link (62) guided bolt (36) is articulated in the longitudinal guide (30) of the oscillating link (27) protrudes, the backdrop (62) having two end sections (62a, 62c) is provided, which is formed in this way are that the longitudinal guide (30) in the off position one with one end section (62a), in the on position with the other end section (62c) occupies an opaque position. Switch according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that the vibrating link (66) is a part a quadrilateral joint (70) which forms a through the drive linkage (47) swiveling crank link (69), which with a coupling member (67) the oscillating link (66) is operatively connected such that the one that takes place in a limited angular range Swiveling the crank member (69) into a swivel of the oscillating link (66) and thus also the Swing arm (65) is translated by 180 °, both in the on position as well as in the off position the rocker (65) is at least approximately a dead center position with respect to the push rod (63).

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