EP0159960B1 - Vacuum switching apparatus with a driving device and a spring carrying the movable connector bolt of the switch tube - Google Patents

Vacuum switching apparatus with a driving device and a spring carrying the movable connector bolt of the switch tube Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0159960B1
EP0159960B1 EP85730051A EP85730051A EP0159960B1 EP 0159960 B1 EP0159960 B1 EP 0159960B1 EP 85730051 A EP85730051 A EP 85730051A EP 85730051 A EP85730051 A EP 85730051A EP 0159960 B1 EP0159960 B1 EP 0159960B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spring
extension piece
stop
drive lever
switching
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85730051A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0159960A1 (en
Inventor
Norbert Dipl.-Ing. Steinemer (Fh)
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0159960A1 publication Critical patent/EP0159960A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0159960B1 publication Critical patent/EP0159960B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
    • H01H2033/6665—Details concerning the mounting or supporting of the individual vacuum bottles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
    • H01H2033/6667—Details concerning lever type driving rod arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/022—Details particular to three-phase circuit breakers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vacuum switching device with a drive device for switching on and off at least one vacuum interrupter, and with a spring supported at one end on the movable connecting bolt of the interrupter, which is connected at its other end to a drive lever of the drive device which can be pivoted about a rotary bearing. the relative movement between the connecting bolt and the drive lever in the switch-off direction is limited by a stop.
  • a vacuum switching device of this type has become known, for example, from US Pat. No. 4,099,039.
  • the spring acting on the connecting bolt of the vacuum interrupter serves here as a contact force spring.
  • the drive device applies all the forces required to move all of the elements involved in the shading process and overcomes the biasing force of the contact force spring in order to generate the required contact force between the interacting contact pieces of the switching tube. In this state, the drive device is latched.
  • a separate switch-off force accumulator is discharged, the contact force spring supporting the switch-off process until the contact pieces are electrically isolated.
  • a three-pole switching device has at least five springs, namely a closing spring, a closing spring and three contact force springs.
  • the closing spring and the closing spring are generally located in a drive box, while the contact force springs are arranged in the vicinity of each switching tube or in the course of the drive rod belonging to each switching tube.
  • the invention has for its object to reduce the effort for the extensive spring arrangement described and at the same time to improve the operation of the switch.
  • this object is achieved in a vacuum secondary device of the type mentioned in that the stop is connected to the connecting bolt and that the spring and the stop on the drive lever attack with respect to its pivot bearing with different long lever arms, the lever arm of the spring being so larger is dimensioned as the lever arm of the stop that the connection bolt is acted upon in the off position with at least one opening force which cancels the switch-on force caused by the surrounding air pressure.
  • the spring takes on both the function of a contact force spring and an opening spring.
  • the switch-off spring that was previously required and common to several switching tubes can therefore be dispensed with. This leads to a simplification and downsizing of the drive box.
  • Another advantageous property of the new spring arrangement is that the change of load direction that always occurs in the previous drive devices between each switching tube and the drive is eliminated because the drive linkage is always loaded in the same direction and therefore tolerances on bearings and joints cannot have a dead gear . In this way, an area of indifferent contact contact is eliminated in which the contact pieces are in contact with one another without contact force and can therefore weld to one another.
  • the invention can advantageously be implemented in such a way that the drive lever has a length that extends beyond the stop attached to the extension piece and on its end is provided with an abutment for the spring designed as a tension spring or compression spring, for the other end of which an abutment is arranged at the free end of the extension piece.
  • new parts are not required in principle, but only a new design of existing parts.
  • the drive lever has a leg which extends approximately transversely to the extension piece and cooperates with the stop attached to the extension piece, and also has a leg which extends approximately transversely to the extension piece and extends over the extension piece extends and forms an abutment of the spring designed as a compression spring, while the other abutment is arranged at the free end of the extension piece.
  • the invention can thus advantageously be carried out both with a compression spring or with a tension spring. It depends on the required characteristics of the spring, the space available and similar practical considerations, which type of spring is cheaper.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 Two further embodiments of a switching tube drive with compression springs instead of tension springs are shown in FIGS. 6 and 7.
  • the vacuum switching device 1 shown in FIG. 1 is a three-pole circuit breaker for the medium-voltage range with three switching tubes 2 arranged parallel to one another. These are each arranged between a head piece 3 and a drive base 4, which are fastened to mounting rails 6 by means of the same support insulators 5, which are connected in parallel are attached to each other on a drive box 7.
  • the drive base 4 assigned to each switching tube 2 contains a drive arrangement to be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5, which is connected by a coupling rod 10 to the drive parts located in the drive box 7 and common to all three poles of the switching device 1.
  • a switching tube 15 is shown schematically in section in FIGS. 3, 4 and 5.
  • the switching tube 15 has a fixed Schlat consultancy 16 with a connecting bolt 17, which is clamped in a manner not shown, for example by means of a head piece 3 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • a movable switching element 18 cooperates, the connecting bolt 20 is led out in a known manner vacuum-tight from the housing of the switching tube 15 by means of a bellows 21.
  • An extension piece 22 is connected to the connecting bolt 20 and extends essentially in the longitudinal direction of the switching piece arrangement of the switching tube 15.
  • a drive lever 24 formed by a bolt 23, on one leg 25 of which a coupling rod 26 articulates, which corresponds to the coupling rod 10 in FIGS. 1 and 2 and how this serves to transmit the starting force.
  • Another, approximately perpendicular to the leg 25 leg 27 of the drive lever 24 extends to the opposite side of the longitudinal axis of the extension piece 22 and is formed at its end as an abutment of a tension spring 30.
  • the opposite end of this tension spring engages an angled portion 31 of the extension piece 22, which also extends to the side of the longitudinal axis of the extension piece 22 opposite the bearing pin 23.
  • the extension piece 22 is provided with a stop 32 designed as a bolt for the lever arm 27 of the drive lever 24.
  • FIG. 3 shows the arrangement in the switched-on state. This is brought about by the fact that the coupling rod 26 is moved in the direction of arrow 33 by means of the drive device (not shown) and the drive lever 24 is pivoted clockwise about the bolt 23.
  • the tension spring 30 is thereby tensioned and transmits its tensile force via the extension piece 22 to the movable connecting bolt 20.
  • the leg 27 of the drive lever 24 is raised from the stop 32 in the switched-on state.
  • the tension spring 30 determines the contact force occurring between the contact pieces 16 and 18.
  • the coupling rod 26 is latched in the switched-on position by a mechanism which is common in switching devices and is therefore not shown.
  • the ratio of the effective lever arms a and b, which are entered in FIG. 5, is decisive for the occurrence of the switch-off movement.
  • the lever arm of the leg 27 of the drive lever 24 is designated with respect to the stop 32, while with b the lever arm of the leg 27 is referred to with respect to the abutment of the tension spring 30.
  • F denotes the force of the tension spring 30 in the switch-off position shown.
  • it causes an extension of the extension piece 22 by the contact of the leg 27 of the drive lever 24 with the stop 32 to produce a force F1 in the sense of switching off, which corresponds to the spring force F increased by the ratio of the lever arms b / a.
  • This opening force is reduced by the force F2, which is equal to the spring force F.
  • a suitable choice of the spring force F and the lever arms a and b can achieve that the force F1 is sufficiently greater than the force F2 to overcome the closing force caused by the surrounding air pressure.
  • the spring 30 thus serves both as a contact force spring and as a switch-off spring and replaces the previously common switch-off spring that is common to several poles of a switching device.
  • the lever ratio b / a is not or not yet effective, since here the leg 27 is not yet in contact with the stop 32 or no power is transmitted yet.
  • the contact force is approximately equal to the force of the tensioned tension spring 30, while in FIG. 4 the contact force also corresponds to the spring force, which, however, is also reduced due to the reduced tension of the tension spring 30.
  • FIG. 6 shows another embodiment in which a compression spring 35 is provided instead of the tension spring shown in FIGS. 3 to 5. This is supported with one end as well as the tension spring 30 on a bend 36 of a differently shaped extension piece 37.
  • the opposite end of the compression spring 35 rests on an additional leg 40 of an A drive lever 41, the rotary bearing 45 of which is arranged in the same way as that of the drive lever 24 in FIGS. 3 to 5 and is thus approximately at the point of contact of legs 42 and 43.
  • the upper leg 42 of the drive lever 41 is only so long that it can come into contact with the stop 44 of the extension piece 37.
  • the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 7 is based on the use of a compression spring 35 according to FIG. 6 and a drive lever 24 according to FIGS. 3 to 5.
  • the extension piece 50 is designed differently, which, as in FIG. 6, already carries a development 53 just below the stop 51 on the side of the longitudinal axis of the connecting bolt 20 facing away from the rotary bearing 23 of the drive lever 24.
  • the compression spring 35 is supported, according to the example according to FIG. 6, with one end on the development 53, but with its other end on a spring plate 54 which is articulated at the lower end of a pull rod articulated at the end of the leg 27 of the drive lever 24 55 is located.
  • the mode of operation of this arrangement corresponds to the previously explained exemplary embodiments on the basis of the lever arms a and b likewise entered in FIG. 7.
  • both the contact force and the breaking force are generated by a tension or compression spring on each switching tube.
  • the lever arrangement described works without a change of load direction and thus without any dead gear in the drive, so that an area of indifferent contact contact in which the contact force with the risk of welding is almost zero , practically does not occur.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Vakuumschaltgerät mit einer Antriebsvorrichtung zum Ein- und Ausschalten mindestens einer Vakuumschaltröhre, sowie mit einer an ihrem einen Ende an dem beweglichen Anschlußbolzen der Schaltröhre abgestützten Feder, die an ihrem anderen Ende mit einem um ein Drehlager schwenkbaren Antriebshebel der Antriebsvorrichtung verbunden ist, wobei die Relativbewegung zwischen dem Anschlußbolzen und dem Antriebshebel in Ausschaltrichtung durch einen Anschlag begrenzt ist.The invention relates to a vacuum switching device with a drive device for switching on and off at least one vacuum interrupter, and with a spring supported at one end on the movable connecting bolt of the interrupter, which is connected at its other end to a drive lever of the drive device which can be pivoted about a rotary bearing. the relative movement between the connecting bolt and the drive lever in the switch-off direction is limited by a stop.

Ein Vakuumschaltgerät dieser Art ist beispielsweise durch die US-PS- 4 099 039 bekannt geworden. Die an dem Anschlußbolzen der Vakuumschaltröhre angreifende Feder dient hierbei als Kontaktkraftfeder. Beim Einschalten des Vakuumschaltgerätes bringt die Antriebsvorrichtung alle Kräfte auf, die zur Bewegung sämtlicher an dem SSchattvorgang beteiligter Elemente benötigt werden und überwindet dabei die Vorspannkraft der Kontaktkraftfeder, um zwischen den zusammenwirkenden Kontaktstücken der Schaltröhre die erforderliche Kontaktkraft zu erzeugen. In diesem Zustand wird die Antriebsvorrichtung verklinkt. Zum Ausschalten des Vakuumschaltgerätes wird ein gesonderter Ausschaltkraftspeicher entladen, wobei die Kontaktkraftfeder den Ausschaltvorgang bis zur galvanischen Trennung der Schaltstücke unterstützt.A vacuum switching device of this type has become known, for example, from US Pat. No. 4,099,039. The spring acting on the connecting bolt of the vacuum interrupter serves here as a contact force spring. When the vacuum switching device is switched on, the drive device applies all the forces required to move all of the elements involved in the shading process and overcomes the biasing force of the contact force spring in order to generate the required contact force between the interacting contact pieces of the switching tube. In this state, the drive device is latched. To switch off the vacuum switching device, a separate switch-off force accumulator is discharged, the contact force spring supporting the switch-off process until the contact pieces are electrically isolated.

Bei mehrpoligen Schaltgeräten sind im allgemeinen für alle Schaltröhren gemeinsame Kraftspeicher zum Ein- und Ausschalten vorgesehen, die über eine den Polen bzw. Schaltröhren gemeinsame Schalterwelle wirken. Dagegen benötigt jede Schaltröhre eine gesonderte Kontaktkraftfeder. Ein dreipoliges Schaltgerät besitzt infolgedessen wenigstens fünf Federn, nämlich eine Einschaltfeder, eine Ausschaltfeder und drei Kontaktkraftfeder. Von diesen befinden sich die Einschaltfeder und die Ausschaltfeder im allgemeinen in einem Antriebskasten, während die Kontaktkraftfedern in der Nähe jeder Schaltröhre oder im Zuge der zu jeder Schaltröhre gehörenden Antriebsstange angeordnet sind.In the case of multi-pole switching devices, common energy stores for switching on and off are generally provided for all switching tubes, which act via a switching shaft common to the poles or switching tubes. In contrast, each switching tube requires a separate contact force spring. As a result, a three-pole switching device has at least five springs, namely a closing spring, a closing spring and three contact force springs. Of these, the closing spring and the closing spring are generally located in a drive box, while the contact force springs are arranged in the vicinity of each switching tube or in the course of the drive rod belonging to each switching tube.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, den Aufwand für die beschriebene umfangreiche Federanordnung zu verringern und zugleich die Arbeitsweise des Schalters zu verbessern. Gemäß der Erfindung wird diese Aufgabe bei einem Vakuumachaltgerät der eingangs genannten Art dadurch gelöst, daß der Anschlag mit dem Anschlußbolzen verbunden ist und daß die Feder und der Anschlag an dem Antriebshebel bezüglich seines Drehlagers mit unterschiedliche langen Hebelarmen angreifen, wobei der Hebelarm der Feder derart größer bemessen ist als der Hebelarm des Anschlages, daß der Anschlußbolzen in der Ausschaltstellung mit mindestens einer die von dem umgebenden Luftdruck hervorgerufenen Einschaltkraft aufhebenden Öffnungskraft beaufschlagt ist. Die Feder übernimmt in dieser Anordnung sowohl die Aufgabe einer Kontaktkraftfeder als auch einer Ausschaltfeder. Die bisher erforderliche, mehreren Schaltröhren gemeinsame Ausschaltfeder kann daher entfallen. Dies führt zu einer Vereinfachung und Verkleinerung des Antriebskastens.The invention has for its object to reduce the effort for the extensive spring arrangement described and at the same time to improve the operation of the switch. According to the invention, this object is achieved in a vacuum secondary device of the type mentioned in that the stop is connected to the connecting bolt and that the spring and the stop on the drive lever attack with respect to its pivot bearing with different long lever arms, the lever arm of the spring being so larger is dimensioned as the lever arm of the stop that the connection bolt is acted upon in the off position with at least one opening force which cancels the switch-on force caused by the surrounding air pressure. In this arrangement, the spring takes on both the function of a contact force spring and an opening spring. The switch-off spring that was previously required and common to several switching tubes can therefore be dispensed with. This leads to a simplification and downsizing of the drive box.

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Eigenachaft der neuen Federanordnung besteht darin, daß der bei den bisherigen Antriebsvorrichtungen stets auftretende Lastrichtungswechsel zwischen jeder Schaltröhre und dem Antrieb entfällt, weil das Antriebsgestänge stets in derselben Richtung belastet ist und sich deshalb Toleranzen an Lagern und Gelenken nicht als toter Gang auswirken können. Auf diese Weise wird ein Bereich indifferenter Kontaktberührung beseitigt, bei dem die Schaltstücke ohne Kontaktkraft miteinander in Berührung stehen und deshalb miteinander verschweißen können.Another advantageous property of the new spring arrangement is that the change of load direction that always occurs in the previous drive devices between each switching tube and the drive is eliminated because the drive linkage is always loaded in the same direction and therefore tolerances on bearings and joints cannot have a dead gear . In this way, an area of indifferent contact contact is eliminated in which the contact pieces are in contact with one another without contact force and can therefore weld to one another.

Bei einer Bauart eines Vakuumschaltgerätes dessen Schaltröhre mit einem Verlängerungsstück des Anschlußbolzens und einem seitlich von diesem angeordneten Drehlager des Antriebshebels versehen ist, kann die Erfindung vorteilhaft in der Weise verwirklicht werden, daß der Antriebshebel eine über den an dem Verlängerungsstück angebrachten Anschlag hinausreichende Länge aufweist und an seinem Ende mit einem Widerlager für die als Zugfeder oder Druckfeder ausgebildete Feder versehen ist, für deren anderes Ende ein Widerlager an dem freien Ende des Verlängerungsstückes angeordnet ist. Zur Ausführung der Erfindung bedarf es somit nicht grundsätzlich neuer Teile, sondern nur einer neuen Gestaltung bereits vorhandener Teile.In a construction of a vacuum switching device whose switching tube is provided with an extension piece of the connecting bolt and a rotary bearing of the drive lever arranged laterally therefrom, the invention can advantageously be implemented in such a way that the drive lever has a length that extends beyond the stop attached to the extension piece and on its end is provided with an abutment for the spring designed as a tension spring or compression spring, for the other end of which an abutment is arranged at the free end of the extension piece. In order to carry out the invention, new parts are not required in principle, but only a new design of existing parts.

Dies gilt sinngemäß für eine weitere Ausführungsform der Erfindung, bei der der Antriebshebel einen sich etwa quer zu den Verlängerungsstück erstreckenden und mit dem an dem Verlängerungsstück angebrachten Anschlag zusammenwirkenden Schenkel sowie einen sich gleichfalls etwa quer zu dem Verlängerungsstück erstreckenden Schenkel besitzt, der sich über das Verlängerungsstück hinaus erstreckt und das eine Widerlager der als Druckfeder ausgebildeten Feder bildet, während das andere Widerlager an dem freien Ende des Verlängerungsstückes angeordnet ist.This applies mutatis mutandis to a further embodiment of the invention, in which the drive lever has a leg which extends approximately transversely to the extension piece and cooperates with the stop attached to the extension piece, and also has a leg which extends approximately transversely to the extension piece and extends over the extension piece extends and forms an abutment of the spring designed as a compression spring, while the other abutment is arranged at the free end of the extension piece.

Die Erfindung ist somit sowohl mit einer Druckfeder oder mit einer Zugfeder vorteilhaft ausführbar. Es hängt von der verlangten Charakteristik der Feder, dem zur Verfügung stehenden Raum und ähnlichen praktischen Erwägungen ab, welche Federart günstiger ist.The invention can thus advantageously be carried out both with a compression spring or with a tension spring. It depends on the required characteristics of the spring, the space available and similar practical considerations, which type of spring is cheaper.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand der in der Figuren dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert.

  • Die Fig. 1 zeigt ein dreipoliges Vakuumschaltgerät mit Blickrichtung auf die nebeneinander angeordneten Schaltröhren.
  • In der Fig. 2 ist das Vakuumschaltgerät der Fig. 1 in der Seitenansicht dargestellt.
  • Die Fig. 3,4 und 5 zeigen eine Einzelheit des Antriebes einer Schaltröhre in verschiedenen Schaltstellungen.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the exemplary embodiments shown in the figures.
  • 1 shows a three-pole vacuum switching device with a view of the switching tubes arranged side by side.
  • 2, the vacuum switching device of FIG. 1 shown in side view.
  • 3, 4 and 5 show a detail of the drive of a switching tube in different switching positions.

Zwei weitere Ausführungsformen eines Schaltröhrenantriebs mit Druckfedern anstelle von Zugfedern sind in den Fig. 6 und 7 dargestellt.Two further embodiments of a switching tube drive with compression springs instead of tension springs are shown in FIGS. 6 and 7.

Das in der Fig. 1 gezeigte Vakuumschaltgerät 1 ist ein dreipoliger leistungsschalter für den Mittelspannungsbereich mit drei parallel zueinander angeordneten Schaltröhren 2. Diese sind jeweils zwischen einem Kopfstück 3 und einem Antriebssockel 4 angeordnet, die mittels gleicher Stützisolatoren 5 an Tragschienen 6 befestigt sind, die parallel zuinander an einem Antriebskasten 7 angebracht sind. Der jeder Schaltröhre 2 zugeordnete Antriebssockel 4 enthält eine anhand der Fig. 3 bis 5 noch näher zu beschreibende Antriebsanordnung, die durch eine Kuppelstange 10 mit den in dem Antriebskasten 7 befindlichen, für alle drei Pole des Schaltgerätes 1 gemeinsamen Antriebsteilen verbunden ist.The vacuum switching device 1 shown in FIG. 1 is a three-pole circuit breaker for the medium-voltage range with three switching tubes 2 arranged parallel to one another. These are each arranged between a head piece 3 and a drive base 4, which are fastened to mounting rails 6 by means of the same support insulators 5, which are connected in parallel are attached to each other on a drive box 7. The drive base 4 assigned to each switching tube 2 contains a drive arrangement to be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5, which is connected by a coupling rod 10 to the drive parts located in the drive box 7 and common to all three poles of the switching device 1.

In den Fig. 3,4 und 5 ist jeweils schematisch im Schnitt eine Schaltröhre 15 gezeigt. Die Schaltröhre 15 besitzt ein feststehendes Schlatstück 16 mit einem Anschlußbolzen 17, der in nicht näher dargestellter Weise ortsfest eingespannt ist, beispielsweise mittels eines in den Fig. 1 und 2 gezeigten Kopfstückes 3. Mit dem Schaltstück 16 wirkt ein bewegliches Schaltstück 18 zusammen, dessen Anschlußbolzen 20 mittels eines Faltenbalges 21 in bekannter Weise vakuumdicht aus dem Gehäuse der Schaltröhre 15 herausgeführt ist. Mit dem Anschlußbolzen 20 ist ein Verlängerungsstück 22 verbunden das sich im wesentlichen in der Längsrichtung der Schaltstückanordnung der Schaltröhre 15 erstreckt. Seitlich des Verlängerungsstückes 22 befindet sich das durch einen Bolzen 23 gebildete Drehlager eines Antriebshebels 24 an dessen einem Schenkel 25 gelenkig eine Kuppelstange 26 angreift, die der Kuppelstange 10 in den Fig. 1 und 2 entspricht und wie diese zur Übertragung der Einschaltkraft dient. Ein weiterer, etwa rechtwinklig zu dem Schenkel 25 stehender Schenkel 27 des Antriebshebels 24 erstreckt sich nach der gegenüberliegenden Seite der Längsachse des Verlängerungsstückes 22 und ist an seinem Ende als Widerlager einer Zugfeder 30 ausgebildet. Das gegenüberliegende Ende dieser Zugfeder greift an einer Abwinklung 31 des Verlängerungsstückes 22 an, die sich gleichfalls nach der dem Lagerbolzen 23 gegenüberliegenden Seite der Längsachse des Verlängerungsstückes 22 erstreckt. Ferner ist das Verlängerungsstück 22 mit einem als Bolzen ausgebildeten Anschlag 32 für den Hebelarm 27 des Antriebshebels 24 versehen. In der Fig. 3 ist die Anordnung im Einschaltzustand gezeigt. Dieser ist dadurch herbeigeführt, daß mittels der nicht gezeigten Antriebsvorrichtung die Kuppelstange 26 in Richtung des Pfeiles 33 bewegt und der Antriebshebel 24 im Uhrzeigersinn um den Bolzen 23 verschwenkt ist. Die Zugfeder 30 ist hierdurch gespannt und überträgt ihre Zugkraft über das Verlängerungsstück 22 auf den beweglichen Anschlußbolzen 20. Der Schenkel 27 des Antriebshebels 24 ist im Einschaltzustand von dem Anschlag 32 abgehoben. Wie man erkennt, bestimmt die Zugfeder 30 die zwischen den Schaltstücken 16 und 18 auftretende Kontaktkraft. Die Kuppelstange 26 ist in der Einschaltstellung durch einen bei Schaltgeräten üblichen und daher nicht dargestellten Mechanismus verklinkt.A switching tube 15 is shown schematically in section in FIGS. 3, 4 and 5. The switching tube 15 has a fixed Schlatstück 16 with a connecting bolt 17, which is clamped in a manner not shown, for example by means of a head piece 3 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. With the switching element 16, a movable switching element 18 cooperates, the connecting bolt 20 is led out in a known manner vacuum-tight from the housing of the switching tube 15 by means of a bellows 21. An extension piece 22 is connected to the connecting bolt 20 and extends essentially in the longitudinal direction of the switching piece arrangement of the switching tube 15. To the side of the extension piece 22 is the pivot bearing of a drive lever 24 formed by a bolt 23, on one leg 25 of which a coupling rod 26 articulates, which corresponds to the coupling rod 10 in FIGS. 1 and 2 and how this serves to transmit the starting force. Another, approximately perpendicular to the leg 25 leg 27 of the drive lever 24 extends to the opposite side of the longitudinal axis of the extension piece 22 and is formed at its end as an abutment of a tension spring 30. The opposite end of this tension spring engages an angled portion 31 of the extension piece 22, which also extends to the side of the longitudinal axis of the extension piece 22 opposite the bearing pin 23. Furthermore, the extension piece 22 is provided with a stop 32 designed as a bolt for the lever arm 27 of the drive lever 24. 3 shows the arrangement in the switched-on state. This is brought about by the fact that the coupling rod 26 is moved in the direction of arrow 33 by means of the drive device (not shown) and the drive lever 24 is pivoted clockwise about the bolt 23. The tension spring 30 is thereby tensioned and transmits its tensile force via the extension piece 22 to the movable connecting bolt 20. The leg 27 of the drive lever 24 is raised from the stop 32 in the switched-on state. As can be seen, the tension spring 30 determines the contact force occurring between the contact pieces 16 and 18. The coupling rod 26 is latched in the switched-on position by a mechanism which is common in switching devices and is therefore not shown.

Zum Ausschalten der Schaltröhre 15 wird die Verklinkung der Kuppelstange 26 gelöst. Der Antriebshebel 24 führt nun unter dem Einfluß der Zugfeder 30 eine Schwenkung entgegen dem Uhrzeigersinn aus, wobei die Schaltstücke 16 und 18 zunächst miteinander in Berührung bleiben. Dieser Zustand bleibt solange erhalten, bis der Schenkel 27 des Winkelhebels 24 gegen den Anschlag 32 des Verlängerungsstückes 22 trifft. Eine weitere Schwenkung des Antriebshebels 24 ist nur dadurch möglich, daß sich das Verlängerungsstück 22 mit dem beweglichen Anschlußbolzen 20 in Ausschaltrichtung bewegt. Die Anordnung gelangt hierdurch in die in der Fig. 5 gezeigte Endstellung, in der die Schaltstücke 16 und 18 voll geöffnet sind und die Feder 30 ihre kürzeste Länge aufweist. Der Antriebshebel 24 liegt in dieser Stellung mit seinem Schenkel 25 an einem Anschlag 34 an.To switch off the switching tube 15, the latching of the coupling rod 26 is released. The drive lever 24 now performs a counterclockwise rotation under the influence of the tension spring 30, the switching pieces 16 and 18 initially remaining in contact with one another. This state is maintained until the leg 27 of the angle lever 24 hits the stop 32 of the extension piece 22. A further pivoting of the drive lever 24 is only possible in that the extension piece 22 moves with the movable connecting pin 20 in the switch-off direction. The arrangement thereby reaches the end position shown in FIG. 5, in which the switching pieces 16 and 18 are fully open and the spring 30 has its shortest length. In this position, the drive lever 24 bears against a stop 34 with its leg 25.

Für das Zustandekommen der Ausschaltbewegung ist das Verhältnis der wirksamen Hebelarme a und b maßgebend, die in der Fig. 5 eingetragen sind. Hierbei ist mit a der Hebelarm des Schenkel 27 des Antriebshebels 24 bezüglich des Anschlages 32 bezeichnet, während mit b der Hebelarm des Schenkels 27 bezüglich des Widerlagers der Zugfeder 30 bezeichnet ist. Mit F ist die Kraft der Zugfeder 30 in der gezeigten Ausschaltstellung bezeichnet. Sie ruft einerseits an dem Verlängerungsstück 22 durch Anliegen des Schenkels 27 des Antriebshebels 24 an dem Anschlag 32 eine im Sinne des Ausschaltens wirkende Kraft F1 hervor, die der um das Verhältnis der Hebelarme b/a vergrößerten Federkraft F entspricht. Verringert wird diese Ausschaltkraft durch die Kraft F2, die gleich der Federkraft F ist. Wie anhand dieser Beziehungen zu erkennen ist läßt sich durch geeignete Wahl der Federkraft F und der Hebelarme a und b erreichen, daß die Kraft F1 ausreichend größer als die Kraft F2 ist, um die vom umgebenden Luftdruck hervorgerufene Schließkraft zu überwinden.The ratio of the effective lever arms a and b, which are entered in FIG. 5, is decisive for the occurrence of the switch-off movement. Here, the lever arm of the leg 27 of the drive lever 24 is designated with respect to the stop 32, while with b the lever arm of the leg 27 is referred to with respect to the abutment of the tension spring 30. F denotes the force of the tension spring 30 in the switch-off position shown. On the one hand, it causes an extension of the extension piece 22 by the contact of the leg 27 of the drive lever 24 with the stop 32 to produce a force F1 in the sense of switching off, which corresponds to the spring force F increased by the ratio of the lever arms b / a. This opening force is reduced by the force F2, which is equal to the spring force F. As can be seen from these relationships, a suitable choice of the spring force F and the lever arms a and b can achieve that the force F1 is sufficiently greater than the force F2 to overcome the closing force caused by the surrounding air pressure.

Die Feder 30 dient also sowohl als Kontaktkraftfeder als auch als Ausschaltfeder und ersetzt die bisher übliche, für mehrere Pole eines Schaltgerätes gemeinsame Ausschalfeder.The spring 30 thus serves both as a contact force spring and as a switch-off spring and replaces the previously common switch-off spring that is common to several poles of a switching device.

In den Schaltstellungen gemäß den Fig. 3 und 4 ist das Hebelverhältnis b/a nicht bzw. noch nicht wirksam, da hier der Schenkel 27 mit dem Anschlag 32 noch nicht in Berührung steht bzw. noch keine Kraft übertragen wird. Infolgedessen ist in der in Fig. 3 gezeigten Einschaltstellung die Kontaktkraft etwa gleich der Kraft der gespannten Zugfeder 30, während in Fig. 4 die Kontaktkraft gleichfalls der Federkraft entspricht, die jedoch infolge der verringerten Spannung der Zugfeder 30 gleichfalls verrringert ist.3 and 4, the lever ratio b / a is not or not yet effective, since here the leg 27 is not yet in contact with the stop 32 or no power is transmitted yet. As a result, in the switch-on position shown in FIG. 3, the contact force is approximately equal to the force of the tensioned tension spring 30, while in FIG. 4 the contact force also corresponds to the spring force, which, however, is also reduced due to the reduced tension of the tension spring 30.

Die Fig. 6 zeigt ein anderes Ausführungsbeispiel, bei dem anstelle der in den Fig. 3 bis 5 gezeigten Zugfeder eine Druckfeder 35 vorgesehen ist. Diese stützt sich mit ihrem einen Ende ebenso wie die Zugfeder 30 an einer Abwinklung 36 eines anders geformten Verlängerungsstückes 37 ab. Das gegenüberliegende Ende der Druckfeder 35 liegt dagegen an einem zusätzlichen Schenkel 40 eines AAntriebshebels 41 an, dessen Drehlager 45 ebenso angeordnet ist wie das des Antriebshebels 24 in den Fig. 3 bis 5 und somit etwa im Stoßpunkt von Schenkeln 42 und 43 liegt. Der obere Schenkel 42 des Antriebshebels 41 ist nur so lang ausgeführt, daß er mit dem Anschlag 44 des Verlängerungsstückes 37 in Berührung treten kann. Die Wirkungsweise dieser Anordnung ist aufgrund der Tatsache, daß die Feder 35 an dem Schenkel 40 des Antriebshebels 41 bezüglich seines Drehlagers mit einem längeren Hebelarm b angreift, als an dem kurzen Schenkel 42 (a) sinngemäß dieselbe, wie sie anhand der Fig. 3 bis 5 beschrieben wurde.FIG. 6 shows another embodiment in which a compression spring 35 is provided instead of the tension spring shown in FIGS. 3 to 5. This is supported with one end as well as the tension spring 30 on a bend 36 of a differently shaped extension piece 37. The opposite end of the compression spring 35, on the other hand, rests on an additional leg 40 of an A drive lever 41, the rotary bearing 45 of which is arranged in the same way as that of the drive lever 24 in FIGS. 3 to 5 and is thus approximately at the point of contact of legs 42 and 43. The upper leg 42 of the drive lever 41 is only so long that it can come into contact with the stop 44 of the extension piece 37. The operation of this arrangement is due to the fact that the spring 35 acts on the leg 40 of the drive lever 41 with respect to its pivot bearing with a longer lever arm b than on the short leg 42 (a) the same as that with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5 has been described.

Das Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß der Fig. 7 geht von der Verwendung einer Druckfeder 35 entsprechend der Fig. 6 und eines Antriebshebels 24 entsprechend den Fig. 3 bis 5 aus. Abweichend ausgeführt ist jedoch das Verlängerungsstück 50, das ähnlich wie in Fig. 6 bereits kurz unterhalb des Anschlages 51 nach der dem Drehlager 23 des Antriebshebels 24 abgewandten Seite der Längsachse des Anschlußbolzens 20 eine Abwicklung 53 trägt. Die Druckfeder 35 stützt sich, entsprechenddem Beispiel gemäß der Fig. 6 mit ihrem einen Ende an der Abwicklung 53 ab, mit ihrem anderem Ende jedoch an einem Federteller 54, der sich am unteren Ende einer am Ende des Schenkels 27 des Antriebshebels 24 gelenkig befestigten Zugstange 55 befindet. Die Wirkungsweise dieser Anordnung stimmt aufgrund der in der Fig. 7 gleichfalls eingetragenen Hebelarme a und b mit den zuvor erläuterten Ausführungsbeispielen überein.The exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 7 is based on the use of a compression spring 35 according to FIG. 6 and a drive lever 24 according to FIGS. 3 to 5. However, the extension piece 50 is designed differently, which, as in FIG. 6, already carries a development 53 just below the stop 51 on the side of the longitudinal axis of the connecting bolt 20 facing away from the rotary bearing 23 of the drive lever 24. The compression spring 35 is supported, according to the example according to FIG. 6, with one end on the development 53, but with its other end on a spring plate 54 which is articulated at the lower end of a pull rod articulated at the end of the leg 27 of the drive lever 24 55 is located. The mode of operation of this arrangement corresponds to the previously explained exemplary embodiments on the basis of the lever arms a and b likewise entered in FIG. 7.

Wie man erkennt, werden an jeder Schaltröhre sowohl die Kontaktkraft als auch die Ausschaltkraft durch eine Zug- oder Druckfeder erzeugt. Außer der Vereinfachung, daß eine gemeinsame Ausschaltfeder für die Schaltröhren eines mehrpoligen Schaltgerätes entfällt, arbeitet die beschriebene Hebelanordnung ohne Lastrichtungswechsel und damit ohne jeden toten Gang im Antrieb, so daß ein Bereich indifferenter Kontaktberührung, in dem die Kontaktkraft mit der Gefahr der Verschweißung annähernd Null ist, praktisch nicht auftritt.As you can see, both the contact force and the breaking force are generated by a tension or compression spring on each switching tube. In addition to the simplification that a common switch-off spring for the switching tubes of a multi-pole switching device is omitted, the lever arrangement described works without a change of load direction and thus without any dead gear in the drive, so that an area of indifferent contact contact in which the contact force with the risk of welding is almost zero , practically does not occur.

Claims (3)

1. A vacuum switching apparatus (1) having a driving device for switching at least one switching tube (2) on and off, and a spring (30), supported at one end on the movable connecting pin (20) of the switching tube (15) and connected at its other end to a drive lever (24) which is pivotable on a pivot bearing (23), the relative movement between the connecting pin (20) and the drive lever (24) in the direction of switch-off being limited by a stop (32), characterised in that the stop (32) is connected to the connecting pin (20) and that the spring (30) and the stop (32) act on the drive lever (24) relative to its pivot bearing (23) with lever arms of different lengths, where the lever arm (b) of the spring (30) is so much greater than the lever arm (a) of the stop (32) that the connecting pin (20) in the switch-off position is acted upon by at least one opening force, which neutralises the closing force produced by the surrounding air presaure.
2. A vacuum switching apparatus as claimed in Claim 1, having an extension piece (22) for the connecting pin (20) of the switching tube (15) and a pivot bearing (23) for the drive lever (24) arranged laterally of this extension piece (22), characterised in that the drive lever (24) has a length (limb 27) which extends beyond the stop (32) fixed on the extension piece (22) and is provided at its end with am abutment for the spring (tensison spring (30), compression spring (35)), for the other end of which an abutment is arranged on the free end (angled component 31, 53) of the extension piece.
3. A vacuum switch apparatus as claimed in Claim 1, having an extension piece (22) for the movable connecting pin (20) of the switching tube (15) and a pivot bearing (23) for the drive lever (37) arranged laterally of the extension piece (22), characterised in that the drive lever (37) has a limb (40) extending transversely in relation to the extension piece (22) and interacting with the stop (32) fixed on the extension piece (22), and another limb (36), also extending transversely in relation to the extension piece (22), which limb extends beyond the extension piece (22) and forms one of the abutments for the spring in the form of a pressure spring (35), while the other abutment is located on the free end of the extension piece (22).
EP85730051A 1984-04-12 1985-04-02 Vacuum switching apparatus with a driving device and a spring carrying the movable connector bolt of the switch tube Expired EP0159960B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19843414016 DE3414016A1 (en) 1984-04-12 1984-04-12 VACUUM SWITCHING DEVICE WITH A DRIVE DEVICE AND WITH A SPRING BASED ON THE MOVABLE CONNECTING PIN OF THE SWITCH TUBES
DE3414016 1984-04-12

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0159960A1 EP0159960A1 (en) 1985-10-30
EP0159960B1 true EP0159960B1 (en) 1987-10-14

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85730051A Expired EP0159960B1 (en) 1984-04-12 1985-04-02 Vacuum switching apparatus with a driving device and a spring carrying the movable connector bolt of the switch tube

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4593165A (en)
EP (1) EP0159960B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS60230328A (en)
DE (2) DE3414016A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0159960A1 (en) 1985-10-30
JPS60230328A (en) 1985-11-15
DE3414016A1 (en) 1985-10-17
JPH0219569B2 (en) 1990-05-02
US4593165A (en) 1986-06-03
DE3560779D1 (en) 1987-11-19

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