EP0663675B1 - Multipolar switch for staggered switching on or off - Google Patents

Multipolar switch for staggered switching on or off Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0663675B1
EP0663675B1 EP94100349A EP94100349A EP0663675B1 EP 0663675 B1 EP0663675 B1 EP 0663675B1 EP 94100349 A EP94100349 A EP 94100349A EP 94100349 A EP94100349 A EP 94100349A EP 0663675 B1 EP0663675 B1 EP 0663675B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drive
switch
levers
interrupter
lever
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94100349A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0663675A1 (en
Inventor
Guido Hux
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Switzerland GmbH
Original Assignee
GEC Alsthom T&D AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GEC Alsthom T&D AG filed Critical GEC Alsthom T&D AG
Priority to AT94100349T priority Critical patent/ATE146623T1/en
Priority to EP94100349A priority patent/EP0663675B1/en
Priority to DE59401336T priority patent/DE59401336D1/en
Priority to US08/352,115 priority patent/US5510590A/en
Priority to JP7019652A priority patent/JPH07220584A/en
Publication of EP0663675A1 publication Critical patent/EP0663675A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0663675B1 publication Critical patent/EP0663675B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H01H9/56—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle
    • H01H9/563—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle for multipolar switches, e.g. different timing for different phases, selecting phase with first zero-crossing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/022—Details particular to three-phase circuit breakers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a multi-pole switch for medium and high voltage according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • switches are switched on and / or off in synchronism with the mains voltage or with the mains current.
  • An optimal reduction of the transients results if, in the case of multi-pole switching, depending on the load to be switched, either all the poles are switched individually at different times or at least one pole is switched in a staggered manner with respect to the other poles.
  • the transient currents are reduced the most if the contact is made in the individual poles at the time when the applied voltage crosses zero.
  • the three poles of the switch are preferably closed at intervals of one sixth period, ie in a 50 Hz network at a distance of 3 1/3 ms. If, on the other hand, one of the star points is not grounded or only grounded via a high impedance, two poles are preferably closed first at the same time and with a quarter-period delay, ie in a 50 Hz network after 5 ms, the third pole. In analog In this way, optimal conditions for the suppression of transients when switching on transformers and inductors can be achieved if the phase voltage is switched on at the moment of the maximum value. Accordingly, overvoltages can also be reduced when switching off by staggered switching of poles.
  • each pole of a switch is driven by its own drive
  • the time staggering of the individual poles can be implemented in a simple manner using an electronic control device, for example a time relay. If, however, the individual poles of a switch are driven by a drive common to all poles, the staggering of the poles must be implemented by designing the mechanical transmission system for transmitting the switching movement from the drive to the moving switching contact pieces of the individual poles.
  • a switch of this type is disclosed in DE-A-38 10 453.
  • Each pole has an interrupter unit, the moving switching contact piece of which is articulated via an insulating rod to a tab-like connecting element which is connected at the other end to a double-arm angle lever which can be pivoted about an axis.
  • the double-arm angle levers are articulated on an actuating rod which is common to all poles and can be moved back and forth by means of a drive.
  • the staggering of the individual interrupter units is achieved in this known switch in that the angle of the toggle joint between the respective connecting link and the arm of the double-arm angle lever connected to it in an articulated manner is stretched differently for the various poles. This can stretch differently can be achieved by various measures, such as different lengths of the connecting links and differently angled double-arm angle levers.
  • the switch has a single continuous drive shaft which can be rotated back and forth by means of the drive.
  • Each pole is assigned a lever, which is arranged on this drive shaft in order to generate the staggering in a different angle of rotation.
  • the levers and the levers with the moving contact pieces must be used connecting insulating rods of different lengths are formed.
  • the breaker units of the switch also differ from one another here.
  • interrupter units In the case of a gas or liquid-insulated switch in which the drive shaft is inserted tightly into the poles, however, this difference from the outside of the interrupter units can only be recognized by appropriate designation or measurement. Here too there is a risk that interrupter units will be mixed up, in particular because four different switch variants, i.e. for 50 and 60 Hz, as well as staggered switching of all three poles or time-delayed switching of one pole compared to the two synchronously switching other poles, are implemented , up to 10 variants of different interrupter units are required. In addition, the construction with a continuous drive shaft is unsuitable for larger switches, since such drive shafts are not sufficiently torsionally rigid and give rise to vibrations.
  • All interrupter units of a switch consist of identical parts, only the drive levers may have to be designed differently, and even the drive levers of at least two poles can be identical, except that they have to point in different directions when the switch is switched on and / or off, which is particularly easy, for example, by using toothed shafts.
  • the transmission linkages of all interrupter units connecting the drive shafts to the moving switching contact pieces are identical. The risk of confusion that exists with switches with differently designed interrupter units has been eliminated.
  • the drive levers are articulated to one another via coupling.
  • the lever arms of all drive levers are preferably the same. If the switch according to the invention also has the features of claim 3, the same switch-on position, the same switch-off position and the same stroke of the switch contact pieces are achieved in a simple manner in all interrupter units with lever arms of the same length.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment of the switch according to the invention is specified in claim 4.
  • all parts of all interrupter units, including the position of the drive levers with respect to the shafts, can be identical. If all interrupter units are staggered, the couplers can also have the same length.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows the three interrupter units 10, 12, 14 of a three-pole medium or high voltage switch.
  • the interrupter units 10, 12, 14 each have a fixed switch contact piece 16 and a switch contact piece 18 which is moved in the direction of the arrow 17 and switched off in the opposite direction. This interacts with a sliding contact piece 20, which is electrically conductively connected to a first connecting flange 22 in a known manner.
  • the fixed switching contact pieces 16 are also each electrically connected to a second connection flange 22 '.
  • the switching contact pieces 16, 18 are each arranged in the interior of a switching chamber insulator 24 which is supported on a metal mechanism housing 28 via a supporting insulator 26.
  • a drive shaft 30 is inserted, on the inside of the mechanism housing 28, a transmission lever 32 is non-rotatably, which is articulated via a tab-like connecting link 34 to an insulating rod 36, which is connected at the other end to the moving switching contact piece 18.
  • the insulating rod 36 is guided displaceably in the direction of movement 17 of the moving switching contact piece 18.
  • the transmission lever 32, the connecting member 34 and the isolating rod 36 form a transmission linkage 38 in each interrupter unit 10, 12, 14. All interrupter units 10, 12, 14, including the transmission linkage 38, are designed identically.
  • a drive lever 40 is seated on each drive shaft 30, the distance between which forms a lever arm 40 'between the axis of the drive shaft 30 and an articulation point 42.
  • a drive coupling 48 also acts, which is connected at the other end to a schematically indicated drive 50. Couplings 44, 46 and drive coupling 48 form a drive linkage 51.
  • the transmission linkage 38, the drive lever 40 and the first and second couplings 44, 46 are shown with solid lines in the ON position I and with dashed lines in the OFF position 0.
  • all drive shafts 30 assume the same rotational position in switch-on position I.
  • the drive levers 40 of the interrupter units 10 and 14 are placed in the same direction on the associated drive shafts 30, whereas the drive lever 40 of the interrupter unit 12 has a different rotational position with respect to its drive shaft 30.
  • angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 3 between the vertical 52 and the lever arms 40 'of the interrupter units 10 and 12 in the switch-off position 0 of the switch are equal to the negative angle ⁇ 2 between a vertical 52 and the lever arm 40' of the interrupter unit 12 when the switch is switched on, where the angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 3 are on the same with respect to the associated perpendicular 52, but the angle ⁇ 2 is on the other side.
  • the interrupter units 10, 12, 14 are of exactly the same design as in the switch shown in FIG. 1.
  • the same reference numerals are used for the same parts.
  • FIG. 1 On the drive shaft 30 of each interrupter unit 10, 12, 14, a drive double lever 56 with V-shaped mutually arranged lever arms 58, 58 'sits in a rotationally fixed manner. These are in the switched-on position I of the switch, as shown with solid lines, rectified to one another and arranged in the same rotational position with respect to the drive shafts 30. The same applies, as shown with dashed lines, in the off position 0 of the switch.
  • the lever arm 58 of the drive double lever 56 of the middle interrupter unit 10 is connected via a first coupling 44 to the lever arm 58 ′ of the drive double lever 56 of the interrupter unit 12, and the lever arm 58 ′ assigned to the middle interrupter unit 10 via a second coupling 46 to the lever arm 58 of the drive double lever 56 of the interrupter unit 14 connected.
  • the double drive levers 56 of the two outer interrupter units 12, 14 could be replaced by single-armed drive levers which correspond to the lever arms 58 'and 58, as is shown schematically in FIG. 3.
  • the interrupter units 10, 12, 14 are fastened to a frame 60 by means of their mechanism housing 28, on which the drive 50 is also arranged.
  • the output lever 62 of the drive 50 is articulated by means of the drive coupling 48 at the articulation point 42 of the lever arm 58 of the drive double lever 56 assigned to the middle interrupter unit 10.
  • the drive and the transmission linkages 51, 38 which have the couplings 44, 46 and the drive couplings 48, can be moved from the switch-on position I shown in solid lines to the switch-off position 0 indicated by dashed lines and back again.
  • the axis of rotation of the output lever 62 intersects the straight line 54 which intersects the axes of the parallel drive shafts 30. Since the lever arm of the output lever 62 is parallel to and of the same length as the lever arm 58 of the drive double lever 56 assigned to the middle interrupter unit 12, these lever arms make the switch on - and switch off the same swivel movement.
  • the lever arm 58 of the interrupter unit 10 closes with a perpendicular 52 to the straight line 54 in the switched-on position I, an angle ⁇ 1 'starting from the vertical 52 counterclockwise and in the switched-off position 0, an angle ⁇ 1 ' starting from the vertical 52 clockwise. a.
  • the angle ⁇ 1 is the same as this angle ⁇ 1 ', but denotes the position of the lever arm 58' in the switched-on position I pivoted with respect to the vertical 52 in the counterclockwise direction. In the switched-off position 0, this lever arm 58 'assumes a rotational position relative to the vertical 52 which is offset clockwise by the angle ⁇ 1 .
  • the drive double lever 56 assumes a position symmetrical to the switch-off position 0 in the switched-on position I with respect to the vertical 52.
  • the length of the first coupling 44 is selected such that the lever arm 58 'of the drive double lever 56 assigned to the interrupter unit 12 runs in the switched-on position I of the switch parallel and with respect to the drive shafts 30 in the same direction as the lever arm 58' of the drive double lever 56 of the interrupter unit 10. Since the lever arms 58,58 'of all the drive double levers 56 are of equal length, the lever arm takes 58' of the interrupter unit 12 in switch-off position 0 a to the vertical offset 52 counterclockwise angular position ⁇ 2 a. This angle ⁇ 2 corresponds to the angle ⁇ 1 and the negative angle ⁇ 1 '. Likewise, the angle ⁇ 2 between the lever arm 58 'and the vertical 52 corresponds to the angle ⁇ 1 and the negative angle ⁇ 1 '.
  • the length of the second coupling 46 is such that, in the switched-on position I, the lever 58 of the drive double lever 56 assigned to the interrupter unit 14 is arranged parallel to and pointing in the same direction with respect to the drive shafts 30.
  • the angle ⁇ 3 corresponds to the angle ⁇ 1 'and the negative angle ⁇ 2 .
  • the angle ⁇ 3 that the lever arm 58 makes with respect to the vertical 52 in the off position 0 corresponds to the angle ⁇ 1 ′ and the negative angle ⁇ 2 .
  • the lengths of the first and second couplers 44, 46 are the same, in contrast to the embodiment according to FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 shows the stroke of the moving switch contact pieces 18 of the interrupter units 10, 12, 14 of the switch shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 as a function of the angle of rotation of the drive double lever 56 of the middle interrupter unit 12.
  • “0" corresponds to the switch-on position I and "60" of the off position 0 of this double drive lever 56, degrees of angle being increasingly applied clockwise.
  • the stroke is indicated in percent on the ordinate axis, with "0" corresponding to the switch-on position I and "100" corresponding to the switch-off position 0.
  • the parallel 64 to the abscissa axis symbolizes the stroke at which the fixed and moving switch contact pieces 16, 18 separate from one another when switched off or touch when switched on.
  • each interrupter unit 10, 12, 14 has an interruption point shown by the switch contact pieces 16, 18. It is of course also possible to provide a plurality of interruption points per interrupter unit.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
  • Use Of Switch Circuits For Exchanges And Methods Of Control Of Multiplex Exchanges (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)

Abstract

The multiple pole medium and high voltage switch has an interrupt unit (10, 12, 14) for each pole. These units (10, 12, 14) each have a drive shaft (30), a movable contact element (18) and a transition rod (38) connecting the contact (18) to the drive shaft (30). A drive handle (40, 56) sits on the parallel drive shafts (30). The handles (40, 56) are connected to a drive (50) common to all the interrupt units (10, 12, 14) via a drive rod (51). The transition rods (38) of all the interrupt units (10, 12, 14) are identical. The drive rod (51) has couplings (44, 46) arranged between the handles (40, 56). The handle arms (40`, 58.58`) have different rotary bearings relative to the drive shafts.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen mehrpoligen Schalter für Mittel- und Hochspannung gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The present invention relates to a multi-pole switch for medium and high voltage according to the preamble of claim 1.

Um in Mittel- und Hochspannungsnetzen die durch Schalthandlungen entstehenden Transienten möglichst klein zu halten, werden Schalter zeitlich synchron mit der Netzspannung oder mit dem Netzstrom ein- und/oder ausgeschaltet. Eine optimale Reduktion der Transienten ergibt sich, wenn bei mehrpoligem Schalten je nach der zu schaltenden Last entweder alle Pole einzeln zu verschiedenen Zeitpunkten geschaltet werden, oder mindestens ein Pol gegenüber den anderen Polen zeitlich gestaffelt geschaltet wird. In einem dreiphasigen Netz werden beispielsweise beim Einschalten einer Kondensatorbatterie die Transientenströme am meisten reduziert, wenn in den einzelnen Polen die Kontaktberührung jeweils zum Zeitpunkt des Spannungs-Nulldurchgangs der anliegenden Spannung erfolgt. Ist dabei sowohl der Sternpunkt des speisenden Netzes als auch der Sternpunkt der Kondensatorbatterie geerdet, werden in bevorzuger Weise die drei Pole des Schalters in Abständen von je einer Sechstelperiode, d.h. in einem 50 Hz Netz in einem Abstand von 3 1/3 ms geschlossen. Ist hingegen einer der Sternpunkte nicht oder nur über eine grosse Impedanz geerdet, werden vorzugsweise zuerst zwei Pole gleichzeitig und mit einer Viertelperiode Verzögerung, d.h. in einem 50 Hz Netz nach 5 ms, der dritte Pol geschlossen. In analoger Weise können optimale Bedingungen für die Unterdrückung von Transienten beim Zuschalten von Transformatoren und Drosselspulen erzielt werden, wenn im Augenblick des Maximalwerts der betreffenden Phasenspannung eingeschaltet wird. Entsprechend können auch beim Ausschalten durch gestaffeltes Schalten von Polen Ueberspannungen reduziert werden.In order to keep the transients resulting from switching operations as small as possible in medium and high-voltage networks, switches are switched on and / or off in synchronism with the mains voltage or with the mains current. An optimal reduction of the transients results if, in the case of multi-pole switching, depending on the load to be switched, either all the poles are switched individually at different times or at least one pole is switched in a staggered manner with respect to the other poles. In a three-phase network, for example, when a capacitor bank is switched on, the transient currents are reduced the most if the contact is made in the individual poles at the time when the applied voltage crosses zero. If both the star point of the supply system and the star point of the capacitor bank are grounded, the three poles of the switch are preferably closed at intervals of one sixth period, ie in a 50 Hz network at a distance of 3 1/3 ms. If, on the other hand, one of the star points is not grounded or only grounded via a high impedance, two poles are preferably closed first at the same time and with a quarter-period delay, ie in a 50 Hz network after 5 ms, the third pole. In analog In this way, optimal conditions for the suppression of transients when switching on transformers and inductors can be achieved if the phase voltage is switched on at the moment of the maximum value. Accordingly, overvoltages can also be reduced when switching off by staggered switching of poles.

Wird jeder Pol eines Schalters durch einen eigenen Antrieb angetrieben, lässt sich die zeitliche Staffelung der einzelnen Pole mittels eines elektronischen Steuergerätes, beispielsweise eines Zeitrelais in einfacher Weise realisieren. Sind jedoch die einzelnen Pole eines Schalters von einem allen Polen gemeinsamen Antrieb angetrieben, muss die Staffelung der Pole durch die Ausbildung des mechanischen Uebertragungssystems zum Uebertragen der Schaltbewegung vom Antrieb zu den bewegten Schaltkontaktstücken der einzelnen Pole realisiert werden.If each pole of a switch is driven by its own drive, the time staggering of the individual poles can be implemented in a simple manner using an electronic control device, for example a time relay. If, however, the individual poles of a switch are driven by a drive common to all poles, the staggering of the poles must be implemented by designing the mechanical transmission system for transmitting the switching movement from the drive to the moving switching contact pieces of the individual poles.

Ein Schalter dieser Art ist in der DE-A-38 10 453 offenbart. Jeder Pol weist eine Unterbrechereinheit auf, deren bewegtes Schaltkontaktstück über eine Isolierstange an ein laschenartiges Verbindungsglied angelenkt ist, das andernends mit einem um eine Achse schwenkbaren Doppelarmwinkelhebel verbunden ist. Die Doppelarmwinkelhebel sind an eine für alle Pole gemeinsame, mittels eines Antriebs hin- und herbewegbare Betätigungsstange angelenkt. Die Staffelung der einzelnen Unterbrechereinheiten wird bei diesem bekannten Schalter dadurch erzielt, dass der Winkel des Kniehebelgelenks zwischen dem jeweiligen Verbindungsglied und dem damit gelenkig verbundenen Arm des Doppelarmwinkelhebels für die verschiedenen Pole unterschiedlich gestreckt ist. Dabei kann diese unterschiedliche Streckung durch verschiedene Massnahmen erzielt werden, wie unterschiedliche Längen der Verbindungsglieder und unterschiedlich abgewinkelte Doppelarmwinkelhebel.A switch of this type is disclosed in DE-A-38 10 453. Each pole has an interrupter unit, the moving switching contact piece of which is articulated via an insulating rod to a tab-like connecting element which is connected at the other end to a double-arm angle lever which can be pivoted about an axis. The double-arm angle levers are articulated on an actuating rod which is common to all poles and can be moved back and forth by means of a drive. The staggering of the individual interrupter units is achieved in this known switch in that the angle of the toggle joint between the respective connecting link and the arm of the double-arm angle lever connected to it in an articulated manner is stretched differently for the various poles. This can stretch differently can be achieved by various measures, such as different lengths of the connecting links and differently angled double-arm angle levers.

Wird dieses bekannte Uebertragungssystem bei einem Schalter angewendet, bei dem je Unterbrechereinheit eine Antriebswelle dichtend ein Gehäuse durchdringt, wie dies beispielsweise bei mit SF6 isolierten Druckgasschaltern der Fall ist, müssen die Uebertragungsgestänge im Innern der Unterbrechereinheiten zwischen der Antriebswelle und dem bewegten Schaltkontaktstück unterschiedlich ausgeführt sein um gleiche Ein- und Ausschaltstellungen zu erzielen. Der Unterschied ist jedoch von aussen nur durch entsprechende Bezeichnung oder durch Messung, beispielsweise des Winkels zwischen der Einschaltstellung und der Trennung der Kontaktstücke erkennbar. Es besteht deshalb die Gefahr, dass bei der Montage Unterbrechereinheiten verwechselt und den falschen Phasen zugeordnet werden. Ueberdies ist eine grosse Zahl unterschiedlicher Teile oder einstellbarer Teile notwendig, was zu erhöhtem Bewirtschaftungs- und Montageaufwand führt.If this known transmission system is used for a switch in which a drive shaft seals through a housing for each breaker unit, as is the case, for example, with compressed gas switches insulated with SF 6 , the transmission linkages inside the breaker units between the drive shaft and the moving switch contact piece must be designed differently to achieve the same on and off positions. The difference, however, can only be recognized from the outside by a corresponding designation or by measurement, for example the angle between the switch-on position and the separation of the contact pieces. There is therefore a risk that interrupter units are mixed up during assembly and assigned to the wrong phases. In addition, a large number of different parts or adjustable parts is necessary, which leads to increased management and assembly costs.

Ein weiterer gestaffeltes Schalten ermöglichender Leistungsschalter für Hochspannung ist in der EP-A-0 541 078 offenbart. Der Schalter weist eine einzige durchgehende, mittels des Antriebs hin- und herdrehbare Antriebswelle auf. Jedem Pol ist ein Hebel zugeordnet, der auf dieser Antriebswelle zur Erzeugung der Staffelung in einem anderen Drehwinkel angeordnet ist. Um in den Unterbrechereinheiten aller Pole gleiche Ein- und Ausschaltstellungen der bewegten Kontakte und gleichen Hub zu erreichen, müssen die Hebel und die die Hebel mit den beweglichen Kontaktstücken verbindenden Isolierstangen verschieden lang ausgebildet werden. Auch hier unterscheiden sich die Unterbrechereinheiten des Schalters voneinander. Bei einem gasoder flüssigkeitsisolierten Schalter, bei dem die Antriebswelle dicht in die Pole eingeführt ist, ist jedoch dieser Unterschied von ausserhalb der Unterbrechereinheiten wiederum nur durch entsprechende Bezeichnung oder Messung erkennbar. Auch hier besteht die Gefahr, dass bei der Montage Unterbrechereinheiten verwechselt werden, insbesondere, da zur Realisierung von vier unterschiedlichen Schaltervarianten, d.h. für 50 und 60 Hz sowie zum gestaffelten Schalten aller drei Pole bzw. zum zeitverzögerten Schalten eines Poles gegenüber den beiden synchronschaltenden anderen Polen, bis zu 10 Varianten unterschiedlicher Unterbrechereinheiten benötigt werden. Zudem ist die Bauweise mit einer durchgehenden Antriebswelle für grössere Schalter ungeeignet, da derartige Antriebswellen zuwenig drehsteif sind und zu Schwingungen Anlass geben.Another staggered switching enabling circuit breaker for high voltage is disclosed in EP-A-0 541 078. The switch has a single continuous drive shaft which can be rotated back and forth by means of the drive. Each pole is assigned a lever, which is arranged on this drive shaft in order to generate the staggering in a different angle of rotation. In order to achieve the same on and off positions of the moving contacts and the same stroke in the interrupter units of all poles, the levers and the levers with the moving contact pieces must be used connecting insulating rods of different lengths are formed. The breaker units of the switch also differ from one another here. In the case of a gas or liquid-insulated switch in which the drive shaft is inserted tightly into the poles, however, this difference from the outside of the interrupter units can only be recognized by appropriate designation or measurement. Here too there is a risk that interrupter units will be mixed up, in particular because four different switch variants, i.e. for 50 and 60 Hz, as well as staggered switching of all three poles or time-delayed switching of one pole compared to the two synchronously switching other poles, are implemented , up to 10 variants of different interrupter units are required. In addition, the construction with a continuous drive shaft is unsuitable for larger switches, since such drive shafts are not sufficiently torsionally rigid and give rise to vibrations.

Es ist deshalb eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, einen gattungsgemässen Schalter derart weiterzubilden, dass die Verwechslung von Unterbrechereinheiten bei der Montage belanglos ist und mit einer möglichst geringen Anzahl von verschiedenen Bauteilen realisiert werden kann.It is therefore an object of the present invention to develop a generic switch in such a way that the confusion of interrupter units during assembly is irrelevant and can be implemented with the smallest possible number of different components.

Die Aufgabe wird durch einen gattungsgemässen Schalter gelöst, der die Merkmale im Kennzeichen des Anspruchs 1 aufweist.The object is achieved by a generic switch which has the features in the characterizing part of claim 1.

Alle Unterbrechereinheiten eines Schalters bestehen aus identischen Teilen, einzig die Antriebshebel sind gegebenenfalls unterschiedlich auszubilden, wobei selbst die Antriebshebel von mindestens zwei Polen identisch sein können, ausser dass sie in Einschalt- und/oder Ausschaltstellung des Schalters in verschiedene Richtungen zeigen müssen, was z.B. durch die Verwendung von gezahnten Wellen besonders einfach ermöglicht wird. Die die Antriebswellen mit den bewegten Schaltkontaktstücken verbindenden Uebertragungsgestänge sämtlicher Unterbrechereinheiten sind erfindungsgemäss identisch ausgebildet. Die Verwechslungsgefahr, die bei Schaltern mit unterschiedlich aufgebauten Unterbrechereinheiten vorhanden ist, ist beseitigt. Weiter sind erfindungsgemäss die Antriebshebel über Koppeln gelenkig miteinander verbunden.All interrupter units of a switch consist of identical parts, only the drive levers may have to be designed differently, and even the drive levers of at least two poles can be identical, except that they have to point in different directions when the switch is switched on and / or off, which is particularly easy, for example, by using toothed shafts. According to the invention, the transmission linkages of all interrupter units connecting the drive shafts to the moving switching contact pieces are identical. The risk of confusion that exists with switches with differently designed interrupter units has been eliminated. Furthermore, according to the invention, the drive levers are articulated to one another via coupling.

In bevorzugter Weise sind die Hebelarme aller Antriebshebel gleich. Weist der erfindungsgemässe Schalter auch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 3 auf, werden auf einfache Weise mit gleich langen Hebelarmen die gleiche Einschaltstellung, gleiche Ausschaltstellung und der gleiche Hub der Schaltkontaktstücke in allen Unterbrechereinheiten erzielt.The lever arms of all drive levers are preferably the same. If the switch according to the invention also has the features of claim 3, the same switch-on position, the same switch-off position and the same stroke of the switch contact pieces are achieved in a simple manner in all interrupter units with lever arms of the same length.

Eine besonders bevorzugte Ausbildungsform des erfindungsgemässen Schalters ist im Anspruch 4 angegeben. Bei dieser Ausbildungsform können sämtliche Teile aller Unterbrechereinheiten inklusive der Lage der Antriebshebel bezüglich der Wellen identisch ausgebildet sein. Sind alle Unterbrechereinheiten gestaffelt zu schalten, können weiter auch die Koppeln gleiche Länge aufweisen.A particularly preferred embodiment of the switch according to the invention is specified in claim 4. In this embodiment, all parts of all interrupter units, including the position of the drive levers with respect to the shafts, can be identical. If all interrupter units are staggered, the couplers can also have the same length.

Die vorliegende Erfindung wird nun anhand von zwei in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Es zeigen rein schematisch:

Fig. 1
eine erste Ausbildungsform eines dreipoligen Schalters mit über Koppeln miteinander verbundenen Antriebshebeln, wobei der Antriebshebel einer Unterbrechereinheit bezüglich den Antriebshebeln der beiden anderen Unterbrechereinheiten in unterschiedlicher Drehlage auf der Antriebswelle angeordnet ist;
Fig. 2
eine zweite Ausbildungsform eines erfindungsgemässen dreipoligen Schalters mit doppelarmigen Antriebshebeln, die bezüglich den zugehörigen Antriebswellen in gleicher Drehlage angeordnet und über an unterschiedlichen Anlenkpunkten der Antriebshebel angreifenden Koppeln miteinander verbunden sind;
Fig. 3
gegenüber Fig. 2 vergrössert die dort gezeigte Ausbildungsform des erfindungsgässen Schalters; und
Fig. 4
eine graphische Darstellung der Hübe der bewegten Schaltkontaktstücke der Unterbrechereinheiten des in den Fig. 2 und 3 gezeigten Schalters in Funktion des Drehwinkels des Antriebshebels des mittleren Pols.
The present invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to two exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing. It shows purely schematically:
Fig. 1
a first embodiment of a three-pole switch with drive levers connected to one another via coupling, the drive lever of an interrupter unit being arranged on the drive shaft in a different rotational position with respect to the drive levers of the other two interrupter units;
Fig. 2
a second embodiment of a three-pole switch according to the invention with double-armed drive levers, which are arranged in the same rotational position with respect to the associated drive shafts and are connected to one another via couplers acting on different articulation points of the drive levers;
Fig. 3
Compared to FIG. 2, the embodiment of the switch according to the invention shown there is enlarged; and
Fig. 4
a graphical representation of the strokes of the moving switch contact pieces of the interrupter units of the switch shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 as a function of the angle of rotation of the drive lever of the central pole.

Fig. 1 zeigt schematisch die drei Unterbrechereinheiten 10,12,14 eines dreipoligen Mittel- oder Hochspannungsschalters. Die Unterbrechereinheiten 10,12,14 weisen je ein feststehendes Schaltkontaktstück 16 und ein zum Einschalten in Richtung des Pfeiles 17 und Ausschalten in entgegengesetzter Richtung bewegtes Schaltkontaktstück 18 auf. Dieses wirkt mit einem Gleitkontaktstück 20 zusammen, das in bekannter Art und Weise mit einem ersten Anschlussflansch 22 elektrisch leitend verbunden ist. Die feststehenden Schaltkontaktstücke 16 sind ebenfalls je mit einem zweiten Anschlussflansch 22' elektrisch verbunden. Die Schaltkontaktstücke 16,18 sind je im Innern eines Schaltkammerisolators 24 angeordnet, der über einen Stützisolator 26 an einem metallenen Mechanismusgehäuse 28 abgestützt ist. In jedes Mechanismusgehäuse 28 ist eine Antriebswelle 30 eingeführt, auf der im Innern des Mechanismusgehäuses 28 ein Uebertragungshebel 32 drehfest sitzt, der über ein laschenartiges Verbindungsglied 34 an eine Isolierstange 36 angelenkt ist, die andernends mit dem bewegten Schaltkontaktstück 18 verbunden ist. Die Isolierstange 36 ist in Bewegungsrichtung 17 des bewegten Schaltkontaktstückes 18 verschiebbar geführt. Der Uebertragungshebel 32, das Verbindungsglied 34 und die Isolierstange 36 bilden in jeder Unterbrechereinheit 10,12,14 ein Uebertragungsgestänge 38. Alle Unterbrechereinheiten 10, 12,14, auch die Uebertragungsgestänge 38 sind gleich ausgebildet.1 schematically shows the three interrupter units 10, 12, 14 of a three-pole medium or high voltage switch. The interrupter units 10, 12, 14 each have a fixed switch contact piece 16 and a switch contact piece 18 which is moved in the direction of the arrow 17 and switched off in the opposite direction. This interacts with a sliding contact piece 20, which is electrically conductively connected to a first connecting flange 22 in a known manner. The fixed switching contact pieces 16 are also each electrically connected to a second connection flange 22 '. The switching contact pieces 16, 18 are each arranged in the interior of a switching chamber insulator 24 which is supported on a metal mechanism housing 28 via a supporting insulator 26. In each mechanism housing 28, a drive shaft 30 is inserted, on the inside of the mechanism housing 28, a transmission lever 32 is non-rotatably, which is articulated via a tab-like connecting link 34 to an insulating rod 36, which is connected at the other end to the moving switching contact piece 18. The insulating rod 36 is guided displaceably in the direction of movement 17 of the moving switching contact piece 18. The transmission lever 32, the connecting member 34 and the isolating rod 36 form a transmission linkage 38 in each interrupter unit 10, 12, 14. All interrupter units 10, 12, 14, including the transmission linkage 38, are designed identically.

Ausserhalb des Mechanismusgehäuses 28 sitzt auf jeder Antriebswelle 30 ein Antriebshebel 40, dessen Strecke zwischen der Achse der Antriebswelle 30 und einem Anlenkpunkt 42 einen Hebelarm 40' bildet. Am Anlenkpunkt 42 des Antriebshebels 40 der mittleren Unterbrechereinheit 10 ist eine andernends am Antriebshebel 40 der Unterbrechereinheit 12 angelenkte erste Koppel 44, sowie eine andernends am Antriebshebel 40 der Unterbrechereinheit 14 angelenkte zweite Koppel 46 angelenkt. Am Anlenkpunkt 42 des Antriebshebels 40 der Unterbrechereinheit 14 greift weiter eine Antriebskoppel 48 an, die andernends mit einem schematisch angedeuteten Antrieb 50 verbunden ist. Die Koppeln 44,46 und die Antriebskoppel 48 bilden ein Antriebsgestänge 51.Outside the mechanism housing 28, a drive lever 40 is seated on each drive shaft 30, the distance between which forms a lever arm 40 'between the axis of the drive shaft 30 and an articulation point 42. At the articulation point 42 of the drive lever 40 of the middle interrupter unit 10 there is another at the drive lever 40 of the interrupter unit 12 articulated first coupler 44, and a second coupler 46 articulated at the other end on the drive lever 40 of the interrupter unit 14. At the articulation point 42 of the drive lever 40 of the interrupter unit 14, a drive coupling 48 also acts, which is connected at the other end to a schematically indicated drive 50. Couplings 44, 46 and drive coupling 48 form a drive linkage 51.

Das Uebertragungsgestänge 38, die Antriebshebel 40 und die erste und zweite Koppel 44,46 sind mit ausgezogenen Linien in Einschaltstellung I und mit gestrichelten Linien in Ausschaltstellung 0 gezeigt. Infolge der identisch ausgebildeten Unterbrechereinheiten 10,12,14 nehmen alle Antriebswellen 30 in Einschaltstellung I eine gleiche Drehlage ein. Bezüglich dieser Drehlage der Antriebswellen 30 sind die Antriebshebel 40 der Unterbrechereinheiten 10 und 14 auf die dazugehörigen Antriebswellen 30 gleichgerichtet aufgesetzt, wogegen der Antriebshebel 40 der Unterbrechereinheit 12 bezüglich seiner Antriebswelle 30 eine unterschiedliche Drehlage aufweist. In Einschaltstellung I schliessen die Hebelarme 40' der Unterbrechereinheiten 10 und 14 mit Senkrechten 52 zu einer die Achsen der Antriebswellen 30 miteinander verbindenden Geraden 54 gleiche Winkel α1, α3 ein, die dem negativen Winkel β2 zwischen einer Senkrechten 52 zur Geraden 54 und dem Antriebshebel 40 in Ausschaltstellung 0 entsprechen. Ebenso sind die Winkel β1 und β3 zwischen den Senkrechten 52 und den Hebelarmen 40' der Unterbrechereinheiten 10 und 12 in Ausschaltstellung 0 des Schalters gleich dem negativen Winkel α2 zwischen einer Senkrechten 52 und dem Hebelarm 40' der Unterbrechereinheit 12 bei eingeschaltetem Schalter, wobei die Winkel β1 und β3 bezüglich der zugehörigen Senkrechten 52 auf der gleichen, der Winkel α2 sich aber auf der anderen Seite befindet. Bei gleich langen Hebelarmen 40' aller Antriebshebel 40 machen somit zwangsweise die bewegten Schaltkontaktstücke 18 aller Unterbrechereinheiten 10,12,14 beim Ein- und Ausschalten denselben Hub, wobei aber das bewegte Schaltkontaktstück 18 der Unterbrechereinheit 12 beim Einschalten bezüglich den bewegten Schaltkontaktstücken 18 der andern beiden Unterbrechereinheiten 10,14 nacheilend beim Ausschalten aber voreilend ist. Ueberdies nehmen die beweglichen Schaltkontaktstücke 18 aller Unterbrechereinheiten 10,12,14 in Einschalt- und Ausschaltstellung I,0 jeweils die gleiche Lage ein.The transmission linkage 38, the drive lever 40 and the first and second couplings 44, 46 are shown with solid lines in the ON position I and with dashed lines in the OFF position 0. As a result of the identically designed interrupter units 10, 12, 14, all drive shafts 30 assume the same rotational position in switch-on position I. With regard to this rotational position of the drive shafts 30, the drive levers 40 of the interrupter units 10 and 14 are placed in the same direction on the associated drive shafts 30, whereas the drive lever 40 of the interrupter unit 12 has a different rotational position with respect to its drive shaft 30. In switch-on position I, the lever arms 40 'of the interrupter units 10 and 14 with perpendicular 52 form an angle α 1 , α 3 which is equal to the straight line 54 connecting the axes of the drive shafts 30 and which corresponds to the negative angle β 2 between a perpendicular 52 to the straight line 54 and correspond to the drive lever 40 in the off position 0. Likewise, the angles β 1 and β 3 between the vertical 52 and the lever arms 40 'of the interrupter units 10 and 12 in the switch-off position 0 of the switch are equal to the negative angle α 2 between a vertical 52 and the lever arm 40' of the interrupter unit 12 when the switch is switched on, where the angles β 1 and β 3 are on the same with respect to the associated perpendicular 52, but the angle α 2 is on the other side. With lever arms 40 'of all drive levers 40 of the same length, the moving switching contact pieces 18 of all interrupter units 10, 12, 14 thus necessarily make the same stroke when switched on and off, but the moving switching contact piece 18 of the interrupter unit 12 when switched on with respect to the moving switching contact pieces 18 of the other two Interrupt units 10.14 lagging when switched off but leading. In addition, the movable switch contact pieces 18 of all interrupter units 10, 12, 14 in the on and off positions I, 0 each occupy the same position.

Bei der in den Fig. 2 und 3 gezeigten Ausbildungsform des erfindungsgemässen Schalters sind die Unterbrechereinheiten 10,12,14 genau gleich ausgebildet wie beim in der Fig. 1 gezeigten Schalter. Für gleiche Teile sind gleiche Bezugszeichen verwendet. Was den Aufbau und die Funktionsweise der Unterbrechereinheiten 10,12,14 betrifft, wird ausdrücklich auf Fig. 1 verwiesen. Auf der Antriebswelle 30 jeder Unterbrechereinheit 10,12,14 sitzt drehfest ein Antriebsdoppelhebel 56 mit V-förmig zueinander angeordneten Hebelarmen 58,58'. Diese sind in Einschaltstellung I des Schalters, wie mit ausgezogenen Linien dargestellt, zueinander gleichgerichtet und bezüglich der Antriebswellen 30 in gleicher Drehlage angeordnet. Dasselbe trifft, wie mit gestrichelten Linien gezeigt, auch in Ausschaltstellung 0 des Schalters zu. Der Hebelarm 58 des Antriebsdoppelhebels 56 der mittleren Unterbrechereinheit 10 ist über eine erste Koppel 44 mit dem Hebelarm 58' des Antriebsdoppelhebels 56 der Unterbrechereinheit 12, und der der mittleren Unterbrechereinheit 10 zugeordnete Hebelarm 58' über eine zweite Koppel 46 mit dem Hebelarm 58 des Antriebsdoppelhebels 56 der Unterbrechereinheit 14 verbunden. Selbstverständlich könnten die Antriebsdoppelhebel 56 der beiden äusseren Unterbrechereinheiten 12,14 durch einarmige Antriebshebel ersetzt werden, die den Hebelarmen 58' bzw. 58 entsprechen, wie dies in der Fig. 3 schematisch gezeigt ist.In the embodiment of the switch according to the invention shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the interrupter units 10, 12, 14 are of exactly the same design as in the switch shown in FIG. 1. The same reference numerals are used for the same parts. With regard to the structure and mode of operation of the interrupter units 10, 12, 14, express reference is made to FIG. 1. On the drive shaft 30 of each interrupter unit 10, 12, 14, a drive double lever 56 with V-shaped mutually arranged lever arms 58, 58 'sits in a rotationally fixed manner. These are in the switched-on position I of the switch, as shown with solid lines, rectified to one another and arranged in the same rotational position with respect to the drive shafts 30. The same applies, as shown with dashed lines, in the off position 0 of the switch. The lever arm 58 of the drive double lever 56 of the middle interrupter unit 10 is connected via a first coupling 44 to the lever arm 58 ′ of the drive double lever 56 of the interrupter unit 12, and the lever arm 58 ′ assigned to the middle interrupter unit 10 via a second coupling 46 to the lever arm 58 of the drive double lever 56 of the interrupter unit 14 connected. Of course, the double drive levers 56 of the two outer interrupter units 12, 14 could be replaced by single-armed drive levers which correspond to the lever arms 58 'and 58, as is shown schematically in FIG. 3.

Wie Fig. 3 weiter zeigt, sind die Unterbrechereinheiten 10,12,14 mittels ihrer Mechanismusgehäuse 28 an einem Gestell 60 befestigt, an dem auch der Antrieb 50 angeordnet ist. Der Abtriebshebel 62 des Antriebs 50 ist mittels der Antriebskoppel 48 am Anlenkpunkt 42 des Hebelarms 58 des der mittleren Unterbrechereinheit 10 zugeordneten Antriebsdoppelhebels 56 mit diesem gelenkig verbunden. Mittels des Antriebs 50 ist das, die Koppeln 44,46 und die Antriebskoppel 48 aufweisende Antriebs- und das Uebertragungsgestänge 51,38 aus der mit ausgezogenen Linien dargestellten Einschaltstellung I in die mit gestrichelten Linien angedeutete Ausschaltstellung 0 und wieder zurück bewegbar. Im gezeigten Beispiel schneidet die Drehachse des Abtriebshebels 62 die die Achsen der parallelen Antriebswellen 30 schneidende Gerade 54. Da der Hebelarm des Abtriebshebels 62 parallel zum und gleich lang wie der Hebelarm 58 des der mittleren Unterbrechereinheit 12 zugeordneten Antriebsdoppelhebels 56 ist, machen diese Hebelarme beim Ein- und Ausschalten dieselbe Schwenkbewegung.As FIG. 3 further shows, the interrupter units 10, 12, 14 are fastened to a frame 60 by means of their mechanism housing 28, on which the drive 50 is also arranged. The output lever 62 of the drive 50 is articulated by means of the drive coupling 48 at the articulation point 42 of the lever arm 58 of the drive double lever 56 assigned to the middle interrupter unit 10. By means of the drive 50, the drive and the transmission linkages 51, 38, which have the couplings 44, 46 and the drive couplings 48, can be moved from the switch-on position I shown in solid lines to the switch-off position 0 indicated by dashed lines and back again. In the example shown, the axis of rotation of the output lever 62 intersects the straight line 54 which intersects the axes of the parallel drive shafts 30. Since the lever arm of the output lever 62 is parallel to and of the same length as the lever arm 58 of the drive double lever 56 assigned to the middle interrupter unit 12, these lever arms make the switch on - and switch off the same swivel movement.

Der Hebelarm 58 der Unterbrechereinheit 10 schliesst mit einer Senkrechten 52 zur Geraden 54 in Einschaltstellung I, von der Senkrechten 52 ausgehend im Gegenuhrzeigersinn einen Winkel α1' und in Ausschaltstellung 0, von der Senkrechten 52 im Uhrzeigersinn ausgehend einen Winkel β1' ein. Der Winkel α1 ist gleich gross wie dieser Winkel β1', bezeichnet aber die bezüglich der Senkrechten 52 im Gegenuhrzeigersinn verschwenkte Lage des Hebelarms 58' in Einschaltstellung I. In Ausschaltstellung 0 nimmt dieser Hebelarm 58' gegenüber der Senkrechten 52 eine Drehlage ein, die um den Winkel β1 im Uhrzeigersinn versetzt ist. Da sowohl der Winkel α1 dem Winkel β1' und der Winkel α1' dem Winkel β1 entspricht, nimmt der Antriebsdoppelhebel 56 in Einschaltstellung I bezüglich der Senkrechten 52 eine zur Ausschaltstellung 0 symmetrische Lage ein.The lever arm 58 of the interrupter unit 10 closes with a perpendicular 52 to the straight line 54 in the switched-on position I, an angle α 1 'starting from the vertical 52 counterclockwise and in the switched-off position 0, an angle β 1 ' starting from the vertical 52 clockwise. a. The angle α 1 is the same as this angle β 1 ', but denotes the position of the lever arm 58' in the switched-on position I pivoted with respect to the vertical 52 in the counterclockwise direction. In the switched-off position 0, this lever arm 58 'assumes a rotational position relative to the vertical 52 which is offset clockwise by the angle β 1 . Since both the angle α 1 corresponds to the angle β 1 'and the angle α 1 ' corresponds to the angle β 1 , the drive double lever 56 assumes a position symmetrical to the switch-off position 0 in the switched-on position I with respect to the vertical 52.

Die Länge der ersten Koppel 44 ist derart gewählt, dass der Hebelarm 58' des der Unterbrechereinheit 12 zugeordneten Antriebsdoppelhebels 56 in Einschaltstellung I des Schalters parallel und bezüglich der Antriebswellen 30 in gleicher Richtung verläuft, wie der Hebelarm 58' des Antriebsdoppelhebels 56 der Unterbrechereinheit 10. Da die Hebelarme 58,58' aller Antriebsdoppelhebel 56 gleich lang sind, nimmt der Hebelarm 58' der Unterbrechereinheit 12 in Ausschaltstellung 0 einen gegenüber der Senkrechten 52 im Gegenuhrzeigersinn versetzte Winkellage β2 ein. Dieser Winkel β2 entspricht dem Winkel β1 und dem negativen Winkel α1'. Desgleichen entspricht der Winkel α2 zwischen dem Hebelarm 58' und der Senkrechten 52 dem Winkel α1 und dem negativen Winkel β1'.The length of the first coupling 44 is selected such that the lever arm 58 'of the drive double lever 56 assigned to the interrupter unit 12 runs in the switched-on position I of the switch parallel and with respect to the drive shafts 30 in the same direction as the lever arm 58' of the drive double lever 56 of the interrupter unit 10. since the lever arms 58,58 'of all the drive double levers 56 are of equal length, the lever arm takes 58' of the interrupter unit 12 in switch-off position 0 a to the vertical offset 52 counterclockwise angular position β 2 a. This angle β 2 corresponds to the angle β 1 and the negative angle α 1 '. Likewise, the angle α 2 between the lever arm 58 'and the vertical 52 corresponds to the angle α 1 and the negative angle β 1 '.

In gleicher Art und Weise ist die Länge der zweiten Koppel 46 derart, dass in Einschaltstellung I der Hebel 58 des der Unterbrechereinheit 14 zugeordneten Antriebsdoppelhebels 56 parallel zum und bezüglich der Antriebswellen 30 in gleicher Richtung zeigend angeordnet ist. Der Winkel α3 entspricht dabei dem Winkel α1' und dem negativen Winkel β2. Desgleichen entspricht der Winkel β3, den der Hebelarm 58 bezüglich der Senkrechten 52 in Ausschaltstellung 0 einnimmt, dem Winkel β1' und dem negativen Winkel α2. Bei gleichem Abstand der Unterbrechereinheit 10, sowohl zur Unterbrechereinheit 12 als auch zur Unterbrechereinheit 14 sind im Gegensatz zur Ausbildung gemäss Fig. 1 die Längen der ersten und zweiten Koppel 44,46 gleich.In the same way, the length of the second coupling 46 is such that, in the switched-on position I, the lever 58 of the drive double lever 56 assigned to the interrupter unit 14 is arranged parallel to and pointing in the same direction with respect to the drive shafts 30. The angle α 3 corresponds to the angle α 1 'and the negative angle β 2 . Likewise, the angle β 3 that the lever arm 58 makes with respect to the vertical 52 in the off position 0 corresponds to the angle β 1 ′ and the negative angle α 2 . At the same distance from the interrupter unit 10, both to the interrupter unit 12 and to the interrupter unit 14, the lengths of the first and second couplers 44, 46 are the same, in contrast to the embodiment according to FIG. 1.

Da beim Schalten sämtliche Antriebsdoppelhebel 56 um denselben Winkel (α1 + β1; α2 + β2; α3 + β3) verschwenkt werden und die Unterbrechereinheiten 10,12,14 identisch aufgebaut sind, machen alle bewegten Schaltkontaktstücke 18 denselben Hub und nehmen in Einschalt- wie auch in Ausschaltstellung I,0 die entsprechende gleiche Lage ein.Since all drive double levers 56 are pivoted by the same angle (α 1 + β 1 ; α 2 + β 2 ; α 3 + β 3 ) during switching and the interrupter units 10, 12, 14 are constructed identically, all moving switching contact pieces 18 make the same stroke and assume the same position in the switch-on and switch-off positions I, 0.

Fig. 4 zeigt den Hub der bewegten Schaltkontaktstücke 18 der Unterbrechereinheiten 10,12,14 des in den Fig. 2 und 3 gezeigten Schalters in Abhängigkeit vom Drehwinkel des Antriebsdoppelhebels 56 der mittleren Unterbrechereinheit 12. In der Abszissenachse entspricht "0" der Einschaltstellung I und "60" der Ausschaltstellung 0 dieses Antriebsdoppelhebels 56, wobei Winkelgrade im Uhrzeigersinn zunehmend aufgetragen sind. Auf der Ordinatenachse ist der Hub in Prozenten angegeben, wobei "0" der Einschaltstellung I und "100" der Ausschaltstellung 0 entsprechen. Die zur Abszissenachse Parallele 64 symbolisiert den Hub, bei welchem die feststehenden und bewegten Schaltkontaktstücke 16,18 beim Ausschalten sich voneinander trennen bzw. beim Einschalten berühren. Wie die Schnittpunkte der dem Hub der bewegten Schaltkontaktstücke 18 der Unterbrechereinheiten 10,12,14 entsprechenden Kurven 10',12',14' mit der Parallelen 64 zeigen, laufen die bewegten Schaltkontaktstücke 18 der Unterbrechereinheiten 12 und 14 bezüglich jenem der Unterbrechereinheit 10 vor bzw. nach beim Ausschalten und umgekehrt beim Einschalten. Ueberdies laufen in Ein- und Ausschaltstellung I,0 die Kurven 10',12',14' in einem Punkt zusammen. Dies bedeutet, dass in Einschaltstellung I und in Ausschaltstellung 0 alle bewegten Schaltkontaktstücke 18 je dieselbe Lage einnehmen.FIG. 4 shows the stroke of the moving switch contact pieces 18 of the interrupter units 10, 12, 14 of the switch shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 as a function of the angle of rotation of the drive double lever 56 of the middle interrupter unit 12. In the abscissa axis, "0" corresponds to the switch-on position I and "60" of the off position 0 of this double drive lever 56, degrees of angle being increasingly applied clockwise. The stroke is indicated in percent on the ordinate axis, with "0" corresponding to the switch-on position I and "100" corresponding to the switch-off position 0. The parallel 64 to the abscissa axis symbolizes the stroke at which the fixed and moving switch contact pieces 16, 18 separate from one another when switched off or touch when switched on. As the intersections of the curves 10 ', 12', 14 'with the parallel line 64 corresponding to the stroke of the moving switching contact pieces 18 of the interrupter units 10, 12, 14, the moving switching contact pieces run 18 of the interrupter units 12 and 14 with respect to that of the interrupter unit 10 before or after switching off and vice versa when switching on. In addition, in the on and off position I, 0, the curves 10 ', 12', 14 'converge at one point. This means that in the switched-on position I and in the switched-off position 0, all moving switching contact pieces 18 each occupy the same position.

Selbstverständlich wäre auch denkbar, bei einem Schalter gemäss den Fig. 2 und 3 die erste oder zweite Koppel 44,46 jeweils an denselben Hebelarmen 58 oder 58' der beiden entsprechenden Antriebsdoppelhebel 56 anzulenken. Dadurch wird erreicht, dass zwei Unterbrechereinheiten 10 und 12 bzw. 10 und 14 gleichzeitig und gegenüber der jeweils andern Unterbrechereinheit 14 bzw. 12 gestaffelt schalten. Je nach dem, welche Koppel 44,46 in dieser Art angelenkt wird, sind beim Einschalten die zwei gleichlaufenden Unterbrechereinheiten bezüglich der andern vor- oder nacheilend. Selbstverständlich ist die Länge der betreffenden Koppel 44,46 derart anzupassen, dass die Antriebsdoppelhebel 56 in Einschalt- und Ausschaltstellung I,0 in derselben Richtung zeigen.Of course, it would also be conceivable to link the first or second coupling 44, 46 to the same lever arms 58 or 58 'of the two corresponding drive double levers 56 in a switch according to FIGS. 2 and 3. It is thereby achieved that two interrupter units 10 and 12 or 10 and 14 switch simultaneously and in a staggered manner with respect to the respective other interrupter unit 14 or 12. Depending on which coupling 44, 46 is articulated in this way, the two synchronous interrupter units lead or lag behind the others when switched on. Of course, the length of the coupling 44, 46 in question must be adjusted such that the drive double levers 56 point in the same direction in the on and off position I, 0.

Es ist es auch denkbar, bei einer zu den Fig. 2 und 3 äquivalenten Ausbildungsform, den Antriebsdoppelhebel 56 der Unterbrechereinheit 10 durch zwei einzelne Antriebshebel zu ersetzen, die mit entsprechend unterschiedlicher Drehlage auf die Antriebswelle 30 aufgesteckt sind. Für die beiden andern Unterbrechereinheiten 12 und 14 können dann gleiche einarmige Antriebshebel verwendet werden. Für das Aufsetzen von Antriebshebeln in unterschiedlicher Drehlage auf die Antriebswellen 30 weisen diese vorteilhafterweise eine entsprechende Verzahnung auf.It is also conceivable, in a configuration equivalent to FIGS. 2 and 3, to replace the drive double lever 56 of the interrupter unit 10 by two individual drive levers which are attached to the drive shaft 30 with a correspondingly different rotational position. The same one-armed drive lever can then be used for the two other interrupter units 12 and 14. For the placement of drive levers in different rotational positions on the drive shafts 30, these advantageously have a corresponding toothing.

In den gezeigten Ausführungsbeispielen weist jede Unterbrechereinheit 10,12,14 eine durch die Schaltkontaktstücke 16,18 gezeigte Unterbrechungsstelle auf. Es ist selbstverständlich auch möglich, pro Unterbrechereinheit mehrere Unterbrechungsstellen vorzusehen.In the exemplary embodiments shown, each interrupter unit 10, 12, 14 has an interruption point shown by the switch contact pieces 16, 18. It is of course also possible to provide a plurality of interruption points per interrupter unit.

Claims (4)

  1. Multipole switch for medium voltage and high voltage having one interrupter unit (10, 12, 14) per pole, which interrupter unit has a drive shaft (30), a moving switch contact piece (18) and a transmission linkage (38) connecting said switch contact piece to the drive shaft (30), and having drive levers (40, 56) which are seated in a rotationally fixed manner on the parallel-arranged drive shafts (30) and are connected by means of a drive linkage (51) to a drive (50) which is common to all the interrupter units (10, 12 14), characterized in that the transmission linkages (38) of all the interrupter units (10, 12, 14) are of identical construction, the drive linkage (51) has connecting rods (44, 46) arranged between the drive levers (40, 56) and the lever arms (40', 58, 58') to the articulation points (42) of at least one connecting rod (44, 46) and the associated drive levers (40, 56) have different rotation positions with respect to their drive shafts (30).
  2. Switch according to Claim 1, characterized in that the lever arms (40', 58, 58') to all the articulation points (42) of the connecting rods (44, 46) and drive levers (40, 56) are of the same length.
  3. Switch according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the angle (α1) between a normal (52) to a straight line (54) which connects the axes of the drive shafts (30) which are coupled to one another via a connecting rod (44; 46) and the lever arm (40'; 58') to one articulation point (42) of this connecting rod (44; 46), in the connected position (I) of the switch, corresponds to the negative corresponding angle (β2, β3) of the lever arm (40'; 58) to the other articulation point (42) in the disconnected position (0) of the switch, and vice versa.
  4. Switch according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, on the drive shafts (30) of all the interrupter units (10, 12, 14), identically constructed drive double levers (56), which have lever arms (58, 58') of equal length to the articulation points (42), point in the same direction as one another in the connected position and disconnected position (I, 0) and are arranged in the same rotation position with respect to their drive shafts (30), the drive double levers (56) assume a position which is symmetrical with respect to the disconnected position (0) in the connected position (I), with respect to a normal (52) to a straight line (54) which connects the axes of the drive shafts (30), and at least one connecting rod (44, 46) is articulated at different articulation points (42) on the drive double levers (56) connected by it.
EP94100349A 1994-01-12 1994-01-12 Multipolar switch for staggered switching on or off Expired - Lifetime EP0663675B1 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT94100349T ATE146623T1 (en) 1994-01-12 1994-01-12 MULTI-POLE SWITCH FOR STAGED SWITCHING ON OR OFF
EP94100349A EP0663675B1 (en) 1994-01-12 1994-01-12 Multipolar switch for staggered switching on or off
DE59401336T DE59401336D1 (en) 1994-01-12 1994-01-12 Multi-pole switch for staggered switching on or off
US08/352,115 US5510590A (en) 1994-01-12 1994-12-01 Multipole switch with common polyphase operating mechanism characterized by staggered connection or disconnection
JP7019652A JPH07220584A (en) 1994-01-12 1995-01-12 Multipolar switch for middle voltage and high voltage

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP94100349A EP0663675B1 (en) 1994-01-12 1994-01-12 Multipolar switch for staggered switching on or off

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0663675A1 EP0663675A1 (en) 1995-07-19
EP0663675B1 true EP0663675B1 (en) 1996-12-18

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EP94100349A Expired - Lifetime EP0663675B1 (en) 1994-01-12 1994-01-12 Multipolar switch for staggered switching on or off

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EP (1) EP0663675B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH07220584A (en)
AT (1) ATE146623T1 (en)
DE (1) DE59401336D1 (en)

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EP0817225A1 (en) * 1996-06-26 1998-01-07 GEC Alsthom T&D AG Multiphase circuit breaker, in particular for high voltage
FR2760125B1 (en) * 1997-02-27 2003-08-22 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa SWITCH FOR FIVE-POLE DISCONNECTOR FOR PHASE INVERTER USE
CA2355182C (en) 1998-12-16 2007-11-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft An apparatus for transmitting a movement between components
DE19913059C2 (en) * 1999-03-17 2001-02-15 Siemens Ag High-voltage circuit breakers, especially in a three-pole version
US6310311B1 (en) * 1999-08-05 2001-10-30 Gary Hakes Integrated bushing component
DE10261855B3 (en) * 2002-12-20 2004-08-05 Siemens Ag breakers
US6956728B2 (en) * 2003-02-28 2005-10-18 Eaton Corporation Method and apparatus to control modular asynchronous contactors
JP4423598B2 (en) * 2004-08-17 2010-03-03 株式会社日立製作所 Single phase module of vacuum switchgear and vacuum switchgear
US9091332B2 (en) 2012-04-13 2015-07-28 Abb Technology Ag Floating drive shaft between an actuating assembly and linkage structure of a dead tank breaker
DE102016205051B4 (en) * 2016-03-24 2019-09-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft breakers
CN106158502B (en) * 2016-09-07 2018-09-28 华仪电气股份有限公司 Outdoor railway single-pole vacuum circuit breaker
DE102019204443A1 (en) * 2019-03-29 2020-10-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Circuit breaker system
US11004633B1 (en) * 2019-11-04 2021-05-11 Celso Garcia Lellis Junior Three-pole polymeric switch having command and protection electronics integrated into a standalone device
US20220165522A1 (en) * 2020-11-20 2022-05-26 Technologies Mindcore Inc. Gas circuit breaker system and method thereof

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FR2568405B1 (en) * 1984-07-25 1986-11-07 Alsthom Atlantique GAS BREAKER UNDER PRESSURE THAT CAN BE ASSEMBLED AND DISASSEMBLED WITHOUT LOSS OF GAS
SE457582B (en) * 1987-04-09 1989-01-09 Asea Ab Triple High Voltage Switch
US5107081A (en) * 1987-10-26 1992-04-21 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Operating mechanism for gas filled switchgear
EP0405253A1 (en) * 1989-06-30 1991-01-02 Sprecher Energie AG Three phase gas insulated switchgear
SE468872B (en) * 1991-11-08 1993-03-29 Asea Brown Boveri Triple High Voltage Switch

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5510590A (en) 1996-04-23
ATE146623T1 (en) 1997-01-15
DE59401336D1 (en) 1997-01-30
EP0663675A1 (en) 1995-07-19
JPH07220584A (en) 1995-08-18

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