EP0814216A1 - Vorgefertigte Verbundstruktur für Schrägdach - Google Patents

Vorgefertigte Verbundstruktur für Schrägdach Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0814216A1
EP0814216A1 EP96830359A EP96830359A EP0814216A1 EP 0814216 A1 EP0814216 A1 EP 0814216A1 EP 96830359 A EP96830359 A EP 96830359A EP 96830359 A EP96830359 A EP 96830359A EP 0814216 A1 EP0814216 A1 EP 0814216A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
support panel
roof
composite structure
structure according
insulating material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP96830359A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Alberto Guadalupi
Claudio Marconi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sirap Gema International SA
Original Assignee
Sirap Gema International SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sirap Gema International SA filed Critical Sirap Gema International SA
Priority to EP96830359A priority Critical patent/EP0814216A1/de
Publication of EP0814216A1 publication Critical patent/EP0814216A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B7/20—Roofs consisting of self-supporting slabs, e.g. able to be loaded
    • E04B7/22—Roofs consisting of self-supporting slabs, e.g. able to be loaded the slabs having insulating properties, e.g. laminated with layers of insulating material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/16—Insulating devices or arrangements in so far as the roof covering is concerned, e.g. characterised by the material or composition of the roof insulating material or its integration in the roof structure
    • E04D13/1606—Insulation of the roof covering characterised by its integration in the roof structure
    • E04D13/1612—Insulation of the roof covering characterised by its integration in the roof structure the roof structure comprising a supporting framework of roof purlins or rafters
    • E04D13/1618—Insulation of the roof covering characterised by its integration in the roof structure the roof structure comprising a supporting framework of roof purlins or rafters with means for fixing the insulating material between the roof covering and the upper surface of the roof purlins or rafters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a prefabricated composite structure for forming a pitched roof, comprising an outer support panel and an underlying layer of insulating material, and suitable for fixing to a load-bearing structure of the roof juxtaposed identical prefabricated composite structures with the respective support panels fitted together with overlapping portions, and suitable for the mounting thereon of a secondary roof frame supporting discontinuous covering elements.
  • pitched roofs can be covered with discontinuous covering elements, such as, for example, tiles and stone or concrete slabs juxtaposed and partially overlapping one another to prevent water penetration.
  • discontinuous covering elements such as, for example, tiles and stone or concrete slabs juxtaposed and partially overlapping one another to prevent water penetration.
  • These coverings are supported by the load-bearing structure of the roof which, in the case of a discontinuous load-bearing structure, is formed by the primary or main roof frame and by the secondary roof frame which comprises battens or laths.
  • the battens which are generally made of wood, extend parallel to the eaves line and are spaced apart in the direction perpendicular to the eaves line in accordance with the spacing of the discontinuous covering elements so as to enable these to be hung and held in position.
  • these coverings provide optimal ventilation of the loft area, they cannot ensure complete protection against water penetration. In fact, they are subject to the risk of water penetration between the discontinuous elements of the covering as a result of imprecise positioning thereof, accidental breakage of the covering elements during maintenance operations, or even their displacement by wind or snow. Moreover, these coverings cannot provide thermal insulation for the loft area or the underlying floor and this has to be achieved by subsequent applications of insulating materials which increase the final cost of the covering.
  • coverings which are formed by insulating panels positioned with or without an overlap and to which a waterproofing layer is applied, additional battens and laths being nailed thereto for the support and positioning of the discontinuous covering elements.
  • Coverings comprising prefabricated insulating panels arranged to be fixed to the primary roof frame by nailing or an equivalent system, and shaped so as to form ribs or other structurally similar elements parallel to the eaves line for the support and positioning of the discontinuous covering elements, are also known.
  • these coverings can be formed quickly, they have the disadvantage that, between the upper surfaces of the panels and the discontinuous covering elements, there is a space of limited depth in which the air stagnates since it is not possible to ensure effective ventilation therein from the eaves to the ridge. During hot weather this causes an accumulation of heat with consequent radiation towards the loft area and, during the cold weather the formation of condensation, mildew and stagnation of moisture.
  • holes are formed in the ribs of the panels for the passage of air, the ventilation is effective only close to the eaves and the ridge of the covering, the central regions of the covering being completely without ventilation.
  • these prefabricated panels cannot be adapted to discontinuous covering elements having different distances between support points.
  • the problem upon which the present invention is based is that of devising a prefabricated composite structure for forming a pitched roof which has structural and functional characteristics such as to ensure the waterproofing and thermal insulation of the loft area, to permit adequate and effective ventilation, and to prevent condensation, while avoiding the aforementioned problems.
  • a prefabricated composite structure for forming a pitched roof of the type specified which is characterized in that first elements of the secondary roof frame are connected to the support panel projecting therefrom, and second elements of the secondary roof frame supporting the discontinuous covering elements are fixed thereto in a manner such that the second elements are kept spaced from the support panel.
  • the support panel preferably comprises at least one seat extending in a direction substantially perpendicular to an eaves line of the roof and defined by opposed side walls projecting from the support panel away from the layer of insulating material, and the first element of the secondary roof frame comprises a counter-batten fitted in the seat.
  • a prefabricated, composite structure according to the invention comprises a support panel 2, beneath which a layer 3 of insulating material is connected by, for example, gluing.
  • the support panel 2 is formed by a thin, substantially rectangular sheet, preferably of impact-resistant polystyrene (HIPS) having an upper end 4, a lower end 5, and two opposed sides, indicated 6 and 7, respectively.
  • HIPS impact-resistant polystyrene
  • the support panel 2 may be made of different materials such as galvanized steel, aluminium sheet or other metal materials in general.
  • the prefabricated composite structure 1 is intended to be fixed to the load-bearing structure of a pitched roof 8 juxtaposed identical composite structures to form a first covering of the roof 8, the respective support panels 2 being fitted together with overlapping portions.
  • the load-bearing structure of the roof 8 comprises a main or primary roof frame 9 of known type, comprising a ridge beam 10, a timber plate 11 extending along the eaves line X-X of each side of the roof 8, parallel to the ridge beam 10, purlins 12 parallel to the eaves line X-X, and rafters 13 extending perpendicular to the eaves line X-X between the ridge beam 10 and each timber plate 11 ( Figure 8).
  • the prefabricated composite structure 1 is nailed to the rafters of the main roof frame 9 so that the upper and lower ends 4 and 5 of the support panel 2 are parallel to the eaves line X-X and face towards the ridge beam 10 and towards the timber plate 11, respectively, as will become clearer from the following description.
  • Two seats 14 formed integrally in the support panel 2 extend in a direction Y-Y parallel to the sides 6 and 7 from the lower end 5 of the support panel 2 to a predetermined distance L from the upper end 4.
  • the seats 14 are intended to house counter-battens 15 of the same length and each seat is defined by a base 17 and opposed side walls 16.
  • the side walls 16 extend in the direction Y-Y and project from the support panel 2, away from the layer 3 of insulating material, with a predetermined height H.
  • the seats 14 are open at the top end facing towards the upper end 4 of the support panel 2 but are closed by an end wall 18 at their opposite ends.
  • Each end wall 18 has a hole for the drainage from the respective seat 14 of any water which has penetrated.
  • the side walls 16 of the seats 14 converge so as to form an undercut, preferably of the dovetail-shaped type.
  • the counter-battens 15 are formed with profiles complementary to those of the seats 14 so that they can be slid into the seats from the open top ends until they abut the end walls 18. It should be stressed that the coupling formed between the profiles of the counterbattens 15 and of the seats 14 prevents the counterbattens 15 from coming out of the seats 14 upwardly.
  • a flat bar 24 preferably extends along the upper end 4 of the support panel 2 so as to be disposed beside the top ends of the seats 14.
  • the flat bar 24 has a portion 31 projecting at right angles adjacent each seat 14 so as to face the top ends of the counter-battens 15 fitted in the seats 14.
  • the portions 31 of the flat bar 24 are fixed to the top ends of the counter-battens 15 by nailing or a similar system so that the counter-battens 15 of the same prefabricated composite structure 1 are connected to one another.
  • the flat bar 24 comprises a plurality of holes 32 suitably spaced apart axially to enable the prefabricated composite structure 1 to be fixed mechanically by nailing to the rafters 13 of the main frame 9 of the roof 8.
  • the thickness h of the counter-battens 15 is equal to the depth H of the seats 14, but thicker counter-battens may be used so that, once they are fitted in the seats 14, they project a certain distance upwardly therefrom.
  • the upper surfaces of the counter-battens 15 may be covered by a layer 19 of rubber or neoprene which performs a sound insulation function by interrupting vibrations due to atmospheric precipitation such as rain and hail striking the covering of the roof 8.
  • the support panel 2 comprises first and second parallel projections, indicated 20 and 21, extending along the side 6 and the side 7 of the support panel 2, respectively and facing away from the layer 3 of insulating material so as to project from the upper surface of the support panel 2.
  • the cross-section of the first projection 20 is homologous with the cross-section of the second projection 21 and can be superimposed thereon to enable the side 6 of the support panel 2 of one prefabricated composite structure 1 to overlap the side 7 of the support panel 2 of a similar and juxtaposed prefabricated composite structure 1 of the roof 8 with an overlap T ( Figure 6), so that the first projection 20 of one support panel 2 engages the second projection 21 of the other, ensuring watertightness.
  • the support panel 2 is shaped so as to form a plurality of channels, in the embodiment shown, there are four channels, indicated 22, extending parallel to the sides 6 and 7 between a first open end, positioned at the lower end 5 of the support panel 2, and a second closed end 23 spaced from the top end 4 of the support panel 2 by the distance L.
  • the channels 22 face towards the layer 3 of insulating material and their bases are spaced from the layer 3 of insulating material so as to form therewith a space 28 which is open towards the lower end 5 of the support panel 2 and has the function of allowing the removal of water vapour.
  • the upper surface of the support panel 2 has corrugations 25 which roughen it, making it less slippery.
  • the layer 3 of insulating material has a predetermined thickness S, is made of sintered or extruded expanded polystyrene, is substantially rectangular, and is connected to the support panel 2 by gluing or heat sealing, two sides of the layer 3 of insulating material being arranged flush with the upper end 4 and the side 7 of the support panel 2, whereas, on the two remaining sides of the layer 3 of insulating material the lower end 5 of the support panel 2 projects by a distance equal to the distance L and the side 6 of the support panel 2 projects by a distance equal to the overlap T.
  • the sides of the layer 3 of insulating material include, within their thickness S and throughout their lengths, a projection 26 or a complementary recess 27 so that the two opposite sides of the layer 3 have, respectively, a projection 26 and a recess 27 which are complementary and opposed.
  • the projections 26 and the recesses 27 of the layers 3 of insulating material of identical juxtaposed prefabricated composite structures 1 of the roof 8 can thus engage one another with a known male-female coupling to form a continuous layer of insulating material without cracks at the joints and thus without any thermal bridges.
  • the projections 26 and the recesses 27 may be formed with complementary stepped profiles to enable the projections 26 and the recesses 27 of the layers 3 of insulating material of identical and juxtaposed prefabricated composite structures 1 of the roof 8 to overlap.
  • the prefabricated composite structures 1 are preferably arranged with the counter-battens 15 inserted in the seats 14 and with the portions 31 of the flat bars 24 connected to the top ends of the counter-battens 15 by means of screws or nails before installation. Clues or the like may be used to achieve better fixing of the counter-battens 15 in their seats 14.
  • all of the prefabricated composite structures 1 are oriented in the same manner to form a first covering of the roof 8 and are fixed by nailing or an equivalent system to the rafters 13 of the primary frame 9 of the roof 8 only at their upper ends 4.
  • the prefabricated composite structures 1 are fitted together so that, from the ridge beam 10 to the timber plate 11, the lower ends 5 of the support panels 2 overlap the upper ends 4 of lower juxtaposed support panels 2, relative to the eaves line X-X, with an overlap equal to the distance L.
  • the prefabricated composite structures 1 are nailed to the main roof frame 9 in a manner such that the nail holes are formed in the upper regions of the support panels 2 which are intended to be overlapped so that it is not necessary to seal these holes after fixing.
  • the holes 32 in the flat bar 24 are preferably used for this nailing operation so that the counter-battens 15 are simultaneously also connected to the primary frame 9 of the roof 8.
  • the prefabricated composite structures 1 are juxtaposed laterally with the side 7 of one support panel 2 overlapped, with an overlap T, by the side 6 of the other ( Figures 5 and 6).
  • the first projection 20 of one support panel 2 thus engages the second projection 21 of the other support panel 2.
  • the aforementioned juxtaposed arrangement of the prefabricated composite structures 1 causes the sides of the layers 3 of insulating material of juxtaposed prefabricated composite structures 1 disposed beside one another partially to overlap one another both parallel and perpendicular to the eaves line X-X, the projections 26 of one being engaged in the corresponding recesses 27 of the other, as described above.
  • the overlap achieved along the joining line between adjacent layers 3 of insulating material of two juxtaposed prefabricated composite structures 1 advantageously allows a continuous layer of insulating material to be formed without gaps at the joints.
  • the battens 29 extend parallel to the eaves line X-X and enable discontinuous covering elements 30 such as flat tiles or bent tiles or the like, with which the covering of the roof 8 is completed ( Figure 8), to be supported and hung or fixed mechanically by means of nails or screws.
  • the distance between the battens 29 in the direction perpendicular to the eaves line X-X is established in dependence on the distance between the support points of the discontinuous covering elements 30 used.
  • the distance at least equal to H which separates the battens 29 from the upper surface of the support panels 2 allows effective ventilation to be set in motion from the eaves to the ridge, beneath the discontinuous covering elements 30.
  • the use of counter-battens 15 having a thickness h greater than the depth H of the seats enables the battens 29 to be supported at a greater distance from the upper surfaces of the support panels 2, when necessary, to increase the volume of air in motion from the eaves to the ridge
  • the prefabricated composite structure for forming a pitched roof has structural and functional characteristics such as to achieve waterproofing, ventilation and hygrostatic equilibrium of the roof covering and thermal insulation of the loft area without having the disadvantages referred to.
  • the overlap formed between the support panels of the prefabricated composite structures juxtaposed to form the first covering of the roof ensures a complete seal against any water penetration between the discontinuous covering elements, whereas the layer of insulating material ensures good thermal insulation of the loft area, without breaks in continuity.
  • the prefabricated composite structure according to the invention enables a pitched roof to be covered with discontinuous covering elements beneath which effective ventilation is set in motion from the eaves to the ridge and is variable in dependence on design data, the architecture of the roof and local hygrothermometric values. Moreover, this prefabricated composite structure can be adapted to discontinuous covering elements having different distances between bearing points.
  • Another advantage of the prefabricated composite structure according to the invention lies in the fact that it can be installed quickly and easily so that the loft area can be covered quickly to protect it from atmospheric agents. It is appropriate to stress that the fixing of the battens and the laying of the discontinuous covering elements may even be carried afterwards since it is not essential for ensuring the waterproofing of the loft area.
  • a further advantage of the prefabricated composite structure according to the invention lies in the fact that it can be used both with continuous load-bearing structures and with discontinuous load-bearing structures having different spacings between the rafters so that its use is also advantageous for reconstructing old roofs.
  • a further advantage of the prefabricated composite structure according to the invention lies in the fact that it is simple and cheap to produce so that the costs of producing the roof covering can be limited.
  • the seats in which the counter-battens are fitted may converge at a predetermined limited angle so that, after the fixing of the battens, any sliding of the battens in the seats due to the loading of the discontinuous covering elements is prevented.
  • the prefabricated composite structures may differ from those shown in the drawings in that they may be longer vertically than parallel to the eaves line.
  • the seats of the support panels may be without end walls to allow a longer counter-batten to connect several seats aligned in the direction perpendicular to the eaves line of the roof, of juxtaposed prefabricated composite structures.
  • the spacing between the rafters is large, it is possible to use prefabricated composite structures in which one or more grooves extend in the layer of insulating material, parallel to the lower end of the support panel, beams being inserted therein and bearing on the rafters of the load-bearing structure of the roof, preventing the prefabricated composite structures from bending.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
EP96830359A 1996-06-21 1996-06-21 Vorgefertigte Verbundstruktur für Schrägdach Withdrawn EP0814216A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP96830359A EP0814216A1 (de) 1996-06-21 1996-06-21 Vorgefertigte Verbundstruktur für Schrägdach

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP96830359A EP0814216A1 (de) 1996-06-21 1996-06-21 Vorgefertigte Verbundstruktur für Schrägdach

Publications (1)

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EP0814216A1 true EP0814216A1 (de) 1997-12-29

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EP96830359A Withdrawn EP0814216A1 (de) 1996-06-21 1996-06-21 Vorgefertigte Verbundstruktur für Schrägdach

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EP (1) EP0814216A1 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0921247A2 (de) * 1997-12-05 1999-06-09 Karin Lautenschläger Unterdachkonstruktion für Steildächer
EP0953693A1 (de) * 1998-04-16 1999-11-03 Vanni Padovan Universelles System zur Isolierung von Dächern und/oder Wänden
WO2022200195A1 (en) * 2021-03-24 2022-09-29 ecoworks GmbH Roof element system
CN116876733A (zh) * 2023-07-05 2023-10-13 中国十七冶集团有限公司 一种一体化铝板屋面钢结构及其施工方法

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR931527A (fr) * 1946-07-29 1948-02-25 Système de toiture athermique
FR1450097A (fr) * 1965-06-19 1966-05-06 élément couvrant préfabriqué pour la construction
US3979867A (en) * 1975-06-20 1976-09-14 National Gypsum Company Nailable foam faced board
CH612239A5 (en) * 1977-01-20 1979-07-13 Keller Ziegeleien Slab for an insulating roof substructure
CH618229A5 (en) * 1977-11-14 1980-07-15 Mondialin Dunspan Nv Self-supporting sandwich panel
FR2469509A1 (fr) * 1979-11-08 1981-05-22 Rhenane Procede d'isolation de sous-toiture
DE3011159A1 (de) * 1980-03-22 1981-10-01 Klaus Dr.-Ing. 6100 Darmstadt Berner Verbunddachplatte
EP0123710A1 (de) * 1983-05-02 1984-11-07 Rhinolith Sa Sparren tragender Isolierkörper
GB2182960A (en) * 1985-11-15 1987-05-28 Springvale Eps Limited Insulated roof
GB2283084A (en) * 1993-09-03 1995-04-26 Kingspan Res & Dev Ltd A thermally insulated cladding system

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR931527A (fr) * 1946-07-29 1948-02-25 Système de toiture athermique
FR1450097A (fr) * 1965-06-19 1966-05-06 élément couvrant préfabriqué pour la construction
US3979867A (en) * 1975-06-20 1976-09-14 National Gypsum Company Nailable foam faced board
CH612239A5 (en) * 1977-01-20 1979-07-13 Keller Ziegeleien Slab for an insulating roof substructure
CH618229A5 (en) * 1977-11-14 1980-07-15 Mondialin Dunspan Nv Self-supporting sandwich panel
FR2469509A1 (fr) * 1979-11-08 1981-05-22 Rhenane Procede d'isolation de sous-toiture
DE3011159A1 (de) * 1980-03-22 1981-10-01 Klaus Dr.-Ing. 6100 Darmstadt Berner Verbunddachplatte
EP0123710A1 (de) * 1983-05-02 1984-11-07 Rhinolith Sa Sparren tragender Isolierkörper
GB2182960A (en) * 1985-11-15 1987-05-28 Springvale Eps Limited Insulated roof
GB2283084A (en) * 1993-09-03 1995-04-26 Kingspan Res & Dev Ltd A thermally insulated cladding system

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0921247A2 (de) * 1997-12-05 1999-06-09 Karin Lautenschläger Unterdachkonstruktion für Steildächer
EP0921247A3 (de) * 1997-12-05 2000-11-15 Karin Lautenschläger Unterdachkonstruktion für Steildächer
EP0953693A1 (de) * 1998-04-16 1999-11-03 Vanni Padovan Universelles System zur Isolierung von Dächern und/oder Wänden
WO2022200195A1 (en) * 2021-03-24 2022-09-29 ecoworks GmbH Roof element system
CN116876733A (zh) * 2023-07-05 2023-10-13 中国十七冶集团有限公司 一种一体化铝板屋面钢结构及其施工方法

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