EP0812430A2 - Systeme a microscopie optique confocale destine au stockage et a l'extraction de donnees en couches multiples - Google Patents

Systeme a microscopie optique confocale destine au stockage et a l'extraction de donnees en couches multiples

Info

Publication number
EP0812430A2
EP0812430A2 EP96908646A EP96908646A EP0812430A2 EP 0812430 A2 EP0812430 A2 EP 0812430A2 EP 96908646 A EP96908646 A EP 96908646A EP 96908646 A EP96908646 A EP 96908646A EP 0812430 A2 EP0812430 A2 EP 0812430A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
light beam
layer
coherent light
optical
data
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP96908646A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0812430A4 (fr
Inventor
Duane H. Pontius
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Southern Research Institute
Original Assignee
Southern Research Institute
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Southern Research Institute filed Critical Southern Research Institute
Publication of EP0812430A2 publication Critical patent/EP0812430A2/fr
Publication of EP0812430A4 publication Critical patent/EP0812430A4/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B7/24—Record carriers characterised by shape, structure or physical properties, or by the selection of the material
    • G11B7/26—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of record carriers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B7/004—Recording, reproducing or erasing methods; Read, write or erase circuits therefor
    • G11B7/005—Reproducing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B7/12—Heads, e.g. forming of the optical beam spot or modulation of the optical beam
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B7/12—Heads, e.g. forming of the optical beam spot or modulation of the optical beam
    • G11B7/135—Means for guiding the beam from the source to the record carrier or from the record carrier to the detector
    • G11B7/1372—Lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B7/12—Heads, e.g. forming of the optical beam spot or modulation of the optical beam
    • G11B7/135—Means for guiding the beam from the source to the record carrier or from the record carrier to the detector
    • G11B7/1381—Non-lens elements for altering the properties of the beam, e.g. knife edges, slits, filters or stops
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B7/24—Record carriers characterised by shape, structure or physical properties, or by the selection of the material
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B2007/0003—Recording, reproducing or erasing systems characterised by the structure or type of the carrier
    • G11B2007/0009—Recording, reproducing or erasing systems characterised by the structure or type of the carrier for carriers having data stored in three dimensions, e.g. volume storage
    • G11B2007/0013—Recording, reproducing or erasing systems characterised by the structure or type of the carrier for carriers having data stored in three dimensions, e.g. volume storage for carriers having multiple discrete layers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B7/12—Heads, e.g. forming of the optical beam spot or modulation of the optical beam
    • G11B7/135—Means for guiding the beam from the source to the record carrier or from the record carrier to the detector
    • G11B7/1372—Lenses
    • G11B2007/13727—Compound lenses, i.e. two or more lenses co-operating to perform a function, e.g. compound objective lens including a solid immersion lens, positive and negative lenses either bonded together or with adjustable spacing

Definitions

  • CD Compact Disk
  • Laser Disk Laser Disk
  • CD-ROM Compact Disk Read Only Memory
  • the optical information carried by the coherent light beam is processed by the imaging optics using the principle of confocal microscopy. According to this principle, only those light rays which emanate from the plane of the sensing location are passed to a photodetector for conversion into an electrical signal representing binary data. A digital signal processor then processes the binary data for subsequent display.
  • Figure 2B is an illustration of an apparatus for changing the focal point of an objective lens 22.
  • Figure 3 illustrates an off-focus signal rejection achieved with a confocal optical microscopy system which reads data from a multi-layer data medium.
  • the diverging light source 10 preferably a laser, produces a first coherent light beam 11 to illuminate a multi-layer data medium, such as a multi-layer disk 24.
  • the first plate 16, having its two parallel surfaces perpendicularly positioned in the optical path of the first coherent light beam 11, is placed in the plane of the focal point of the lens 12 and 14.
  • the pinhole aperture 18 of the first plate 16 is positioned at the focal point of the convex lens 12 and 14.
  • the orthogonally redirected diverging first coherent light beam 11 is collected by the objective lens 22.
  • the objective lens 22 focuses the first coherent light beam 11 onto a plane of a layer in the multi-layer disk 24 having data optically encoded thereon.
  • the layers are stacked on top of each other, having their surfaces positioned perpendicular to the first coherent light beam 11.
  • the objective lens 22 converges the first coherent light beam 11 to a focal point onto a small information carrying sensing location 26, containing a data bit on the surface of a layer of the multi-layer disk 24.
  • the multi-layer disk 24 is composed of multiple layers containing different recorded digital information, which is arranged in concentric sectors 28 on each layer.
  • the imaging section comprises the objective lens 22, the beam-splitter prism 20, a second plate 30 with a pinhole aperture 32, a collimator lens 34, and a photodetector 36.
  • the second coherent light beam 13 converges to the focal point, only those rays reflected from the sensing location 26 are passed through the pinhole aperture 32, thus filtering the second coherent light beam 13 to remove the rays which emanate from a plane above or below the sensing location 26.
  • the pinhole aperture 32 filters the second coherent light beam 13 to remove the rays which emanate from a plane above or below the sensing location 26.
  • the second coherent light beam 13 After being filtered through the pinhole aperture 32, the second coherent light beam 13 passes through the colli ator lens 34.
  • the collimator lens 34 shapes the second coherent light beam into one having a substantially uniform diameter over its entire length.
  • the photodetector 36 converts the collimated second coherent light beam 13, carrying optical information recorded on the layer, into an electrical signal which represents binary data.
  • a digital signal processor 37 which is electrically coupled to the photodetector 36, processes the binary data for subsequent operations, such as a visual display or an audio equipment.
  • the disclosed approach to the data retrieval utilizes a technique known as confocal optical microscopy to improve both the resolution and the signal-to-noise ratio in retrieving data from the multi-layer disk 24.
  • the general principle of confocal optical microscopy is based on using the same objective lens 22 for both illuminating and imaging a specific localized region, since all of the light in a broad cone is focused on the point of interest, modulations in optical properties above that point are averaged out, and the illumination at the focus is strongly peaked.
  • the pinhole aperture 18 near the light source 10 is an exact complement of another pinhole aperture 32, which rejects unwanted rays of the second coherent light beam 13, in the plane of the multi-layer disk 24 near the photodetector 36.
  • This complementary configuration allows only the rays of the second coherent light beam 13 to pass in substantially its entirety through the pinhole aperture 32 in the second plate 30 positioned in front of the photodetector 36.
  • the opaque regions around the pinhole aperture 32 block out most of the rays reflected by illuminated layers of the multi-layer disk 24 lying above and below the plane of interest that would tend to obscure the resulting image.
  • the complementary apertures 18 and 32 in the illumination and imaging sections reject spurious light rays. Furthermore, since the imaging section of the confocal optical microscopy system employs the same objective lens 22 as the illuminating section, the bits in the multi-layer disk 24 outside the region of interest are not only out of focus, but also weakly illuminated. Undesirable signals are therefore strongly rejected. It has been shown that resolution of the order of 10 ⁇ m normal to the focal plane of the objective lens 22 is readily achievable by confocal microscopy with ordinary white light illumination.
  • the confocal optical microscopy system selects the plane of the layer by adjusting the focus of the objective lens 22.
  • Figure 2A illustrates the confocal optical microscopy system for use with the multi-layer disk 24 during the data retrieving operation. Identical numerals in all Figures represent the same elements of the invention. Selection of a particular layer is achieved by moving the objective lens 22 normal to the plane of the multi-layer disk 24. Since the individual layers are of the order of 10 ⁇ m apart, the focus adjustments are quite fine and require only minimal movement.
  • Figure 2A shows a focusing collar 38 with a cutaway portion. The focusing collar 38 is shaped as a cylinder without top and bottom bases which passes the first and second coherent light beams 11 and 13.
  • the cylindrically shaped focusing collar 38 encloses the coaxially disposed objective lens 22.
  • the objective lens 22 slides along the axis of the focusing collar 38 to focus the first coherent light beam 11 onto the plane of a layer within the multi-layer disk 24.
  • the first coherent light beam 11 is focused on different parallel layers within the multi ⁇ layer disk 24 achieving high resolution of the data. Since the movement of the objective lens 22 is on the order of micrometers, a sensitive piezoelectric sensor or other transducer means can be used for displacing the objective lens 22 along the axis of the focusing collar 38 in response to an electrical signal.
  • FIG. 2B is an illustration of one implementation of an apparatus for changing the focal point of the objective lens 22.
  • the focusing collar 38 comprises two concentric cylinders 60 and 62, where the inner cylinder 60 slides freely inside the outer cylinder 62.
  • Each cylinder 60 and 62 is fitted with a rigidly attached coil of wire, 64 and 66, respectively.
  • a saddle-shaped spring 68 is fitted around the inner cylinder 60, just above and resting on coil 64.
  • the inner cylinder 60 is then inserted in the outer cylinder 62 while slightly compressing the saddle-shaped spring 68.
  • a snap ring 58 is installed in the groove near the upper end of the inner cylinder 60. The snap ring 58 maintains a slight compression of the saddle-shaped spring 68, and thus defines the null point for the focus adjustment.
  • the coils 64 and 66 are wired in series.
  • An electrical current applied to the coils 64 and 66 generates magnetic fields in the vicinity of the coils 64 and 66. Interaction of the magnetic fields causes the coils 64 and 66 to be drawn together against the tension of the saddle-shaped spring 68. Increasing the current applied to the coils 64 and 66 will increase the displacement of the inner cylinder 60 with respect to the fixed outer cylinder 62, thus achieving the required focusing action.
  • An alternative way to select the plane of a layer within the multi-layer disk 24 may be implemented by linearly displacing multi-layer disk along the axis of the spindle 40, while keeping the objective lens 22 stationary. As the multi-layer disk 24 is moved up or down along the spindle 40, the focal point of the objective lens 22 falls on different layers. Thus, the first coherent light beam 11 is focused on a particular data-bearing layer of interest within the multi-layer disk 24.
  • the data is read by rotating the multi-layer disk 24 in either clockwise or counterclockwise direction for scanning concentric sectors 28 of a particular layer.
  • a drive motor 42 turns the multi-layer disk 24 on a spindle 40 in either direction.
  • Figure 3 illustrates an off-focus signal rejection of a confocal optical microscopy system for use with a multi-layer data medium.
  • Two parallel planes 44 and 46 of recorded data are shown in Figure 3.
  • the plane 46 is on the focal plane defined by the two pinhole apertures 18 and 32 of the illuminating and imaging sections, respectively.
  • the plane 44 is parallel to and above the plane 46.
  • the illuminated region 56 on the plane 44 contains all of the rays incident on the plane 44.
  • an assumption is made that all sensing locations, such as 26, 26A, 26B and 26C, are specular reflectors of substantially opaque material. All other areas on both planes 44 and 46 are transparent.
  • Incident rays 50, 52 and 54 of Figure 3 illustrate the selectivity of the confocal optical microscopy system.
  • the incident rays 50 and 52 that pass through the transparent regions of the plane 44 converge to the focal point — at the sensing location 26 — on the plane 46. Because the incident rays 50 and 52 converge on the optic axis of the objective lens 22, symmetry requires that the incident rays 50 and 52 return to the objective lens 22 via reflected rays 50A and 52A, when reflected from the sensing location 26.
  • the reflected rays 50A and 52A then travel to the pinhole aperture 32 and eventually to the photodetector 36.
  • An incident ray 54 represents the rays that impinge on sensing locations other than the sensing location 26 in the plane 44.
  • the incident ray 54 reaches a sensing location off the optic axis of the objective lens 22.
  • symmetry does not apply to the path of the reflected ray 54A.
  • Passing through the objective lens 22, the reflected ray 54A is refracted at an angle which places it outside the pinhole aperture 32.
  • the reflected ray 54A is therefore screened out by the second plate 30.
  • a cumulative effect of such off-axis rays will attenuate the overall intensity of the signal received at the photodetector 36. These rays, however, do not modulate or significantly degrade the data-bearing signal.
  • the total area covered by the data-bearing sensing locations in the plane 44 is less than half of the total area of the layer. Consequently, a large ratio of the incident rays 50 and 52 to the total number of incident rays will reach the focal point on the plane 46 and reflect back in the direction that contributes to the signal detection.
  • a sensing location 26D on the plane 44 lies on the optical axis of the objective lens 22, the sensing location 26D may reflect an incident ray back along the direction toward the pinhole aperture 32 and the photodetector 36.
  • the sensing location 26D represents a very small area illuminated by the rays reaching or passing through the illuminated region 56 on the plane 44.
  • the disclosed confocal optical microscopy system uses a three-dimensional retrieval technique, there may be some limitations on the number and depth of layers that can be used.
  • the maximum depth of the multi-layer disk 24 will depend upon the working distance of the objective lens 22.
  • the maximum number of layers also depends upon optical signal attenuation by obscuring and scattering in layers above the one being read. Published results of observations made with confocal optical microscopy indicate that ten layers of data is a reasonable goal for the present approach.
  • the light source need not be monochromatic, but there may be advantages in using monochromatic light to avoid dispersion. If a laser is used, it must be made to diverge out of the light source 10 so that the convergence to the desired data layer occurs from a broad angle. Convergence of the illuminating rays is important to achieve the best possible rejection of unwanted signals from planes above and below the one being read. Clearly, if all the light enters along the optic axis of the objective lens 22, it can be reflected back from any layer. The strongly convergent rays, however, represent many different paths to and from the layer of interest. The sensing location 26D from a different layer will intercept and return only a very small fraction of the total bundle of rays, and will therefore provide only a comparatively very weak signal.
  • CDs are typically made by etching pits in a flat surface with a laser and depositing a thin film of aluminum over the finished surface to enhance the optical characteristics.
  • the background medium it is necessary that the background medium be transparent.
  • the multi-layer disk 24 includes a plurality of adjacent, parallel layers. Each layer has recorded optical information and covers a two- dimensional surface substantially equal to the surface area of the multi-layer disk 24. Each layer is made of a substantially transparent material having one surface covered by a distribution of opaque deposits of a metal film which represent the recorded optical information.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Microscoopes, Condenser (AREA)
  • Optical Head (AREA)

Abstract

Cette invention concerne un système à microscopie optique confocale permettant le stockage et l'extraction d'informations optiques enregistrées en couches multiples sur un disque optique, ledit système utilisant le principe de la microscopie optique confocale pour focaliser un faisceau lumineux (11) sur un plan d'une couche (26) appartenant à un disque multicouche (24). Il est ainsi possible d'extraire l'information optique d'une couche d'un disque multicouche. L'invention décrit également un procédé permettant d'enregistrer des données optiques sur le disque multicouche qui consiste à déposer une pile de couches faite d'un matériau transparent et à placer une répartition de zones discrètes d'un film métallique entre deux couches successives. La répartition des zones du film métallique représente les informations optiques enregistrées.
EP96908646A 1995-03-02 1996-03-01 Systeme a microscopie optique confocale destine au stockage et a l'extraction de donnees en couches multiples Withdrawn EP0812430A4 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US397364 1995-03-02
US08/397,364 US5619371A (en) 1995-03-02 1995-03-02 Confocal optical microscopy system for multi-layer data storage and retrieval
PCT/US1996/002956 WO1996027143A1 (fr) 1995-03-02 1996-03-01 Systeme a microscopie optique confocale destine au stockage et a l'extraction de donnees en couches multiples

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0812430A2 true EP0812430A2 (fr) 1997-12-17
EP0812430A4 EP0812430A4 (fr) 2000-12-13

Family

ID=23570891

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96908646A Withdrawn EP0812430A4 (fr) 1995-03-02 1996-03-01 Systeme a microscopie optique confocale destine au stockage et a l'extraction de donnees en couches multiples

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5619371A (fr)
EP (1) EP0812430A4 (fr)
JP (1) JP2001502100A (fr)
AU (1) AU5182196A (fr)
WO (1) WO1996027143A1 (fr)

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JP3434419B2 (ja) * 1996-08-09 2003-08-11 パイオニア株式会社 記録媒体とその読み出し装置
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JP3605279B2 (ja) * 1998-02-25 2004-12-22 パイオニア株式会社 光学式ピックアップ
KR100354534B1 (ko) * 1998-03-17 2002-12-11 삼성전자 주식회사 협트랙광디스크를위한광픽업
US6064529A (en) * 1998-07-02 2000-05-16 Optiteck, Inc. Spherical aberration correction using flying lens and method
US6163415A (en) * 1999-04-02 2000-12-19 Siros Technologies, Inc. Loading and unloading a flying lens
US7095767B1 (en) 1999-08-30 2006-08-22 Research Investment Network, Inc. Near field optical apparatus
US6963530B1 (en) 2000-02-01 2005-11-08 Research Investment Network, Inc. Near-field optical head system with integrated slider and laser
US6937637B1 (en) 2000-02-01 2005-08-30 Research Investment Network, Inc. Semiconductor laser and associated drive circuit substrate
US6574257B1 (en) 2000-02-01 2003-06-03 Siros Technologies, Inc. Near-field laser and detector apparatus and method
US7069569B2 (en) * 2000-02-01 2006-06-27 Research Investment Network, Inc. Near-field optical head system with integrated slider and laser
FR2815458B1 (fr) * 2000-10-17 2003-02-14 Thomson Csf Support d'enregistrement d'informations lisibles optiquement, procede pour sa realisation et systeme optique de reproduction desdites informations
AU2002230068A1 (en) * 2001-02-06 2002-08-19 Nano-Or Technologies (Israel) Ltd. Multiple layer optical storage device
US7072275B2 (en) * 2001-12-04 2006-07-04 Landauer, Incorporated Optical single-bit recording and fluorescent readout utilizing aluminum oxide single crystals
EP1451394B1 (fr) * 2001-12-04 2008-08-13 Landauer, Inc. Materiau en oxyde d'aluminium pour stockage de donnees optiques
WO2006003571A1 (fr) * 2004-07-02 2006-01-12 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Dispositif optique pour enregistrement et reproduction
US20070254376A1 (en) * 2004-10-01 2007-11-01 Koninklijke Philips Electronics, N.V. Method and apparatus for the detection of labeling elements in a sample
DE102005006723B3 (de) * 2005-02-03 2006-06-08 Universität Stuttgart Interferometrisches,konfokales Verfahren und interferometrische, konfokale Anordung für optische Datenspeicher, insbesondere Terabyte-Volumenspeicher
HU0501203D0 (en) * 2005-12-23 2006-02-28 Lako Sandor Dezsoe Dr Method and device for storing and reading-out information
WO2011161914A1 (fr) * 2010-06-21 2011-12-29 パナソニック株式会社 Dispositif de tête optique, dispositif d'information optique, et dispositif de traitement d'information

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0812430A4 (fr) 2000-12-13
AU5182196A (en) 1996-09-18
US5619371A (en) 1997-04-08
WO1996027143A1 (fr) 1996-09-06
JP2001502100A (ja) 2001-02-13

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