EP0799394A1 - Modele de soupapes echelonnees a actionnement electromagnetique - Google Patents

Modele de soupapes echelonnees a actionnement electromagnetique

Info

Publication number
EP0799394A1
EP0799394A1 EP95918850A EP95918850A EP0799394A1 EP 0799394 A1 EP0799394 A1 EP 0799394A1 EP 95918850 A EP95918850 A EP 95918850A EP 95918850 A EP95918850 A EP 95918850A EP 0799394 A1 EP0799394 A1 EP 0799394A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electromagnet
valve
electromagnetic actuator
actuator
actuated valve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP95918850A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0799394A4 (fr
Inventor
Fernando B. Morinigo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Aura Systems Inc
Original Assignee
Aura Systems Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aura Systems Inc filed Critical Aura Systems Inc
Publication of EP0799394A1 publication Critical patent/EP0799394A1/fr
Publication of EP0799394A4 publication Critical patent/EP0799394A4/xx
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1638—Armatures not entering the winding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to electromagnetically actuated valves, and more particularly to a compact electromagnetically actuated valve assembly having valves that allow for precise control of valve seating pressure.
  • valves have been designed for opening and closing mechanisms that combine the action of springs with electromagnets.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,614,170 issued to Pischinger it is disclosed to use springs in an electromagnetically actuated valve to switch from an open to closed position and vice versa.
  • the armature lies at a center equilibrium position between two electromagnets.
  • a first electromagnet is energized, attracting the armature to the first electromagnet and compressing a spring.
  • the energized first electromagnet is turned off and the second electromagnet is energized. Due to the force of the pre-stressed spring, the armature is accelerated toward the second electromagnet, thereby reducing the amount of magnetic force required to attract the armature away from the first electromagnet.
  • valves did not operate quickly enough to open and close the valves with sufficient speed, force or stroke required for the opening and closing of an internal combustion engine's intake and exhaust valves, or for the force and stroke required for gas compressors. Therefore, a need existed for a valve design that provided an efficiently designed moving armature assembly that could be accelerated quickly enough for the desired applications, such as the modern internal combustion engines.
  • a problem encountered with the design of electromagnetically actuated valves is in obtaining the precise mechanical tolerances required to achieve a zero gap at the upper electromagnet when the valve is properly seated. This problem is exacerbated by the thermal expansion that occurs during operation of the valve.
  • the valve stem of an electromagnetic actuator has lengthened up to 12 thousandths of an inch due to heat expansion.
  • the pole face contacts the upper electromagnet, but due to the increased length in the valve stem, the valve may not be seated properly.
  • the valve may be seated before the armature element reaches the upper electromagnet, preventing the valve from obtaining a zero gap.
  • a zero gap is desired to maintain power consumption at a low level, and therefore, the valve is not operating at a desired efficiency level.
  • valves lack a mechanism for the control of the force which the closed valve exerts on the valve seat.
  • the force of the valve on the seat must in practice remain within certain tolerances for valve and seat durability.
  • a significant object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetically actuated valve assembly design that allows several actuated valves to fit within a compact space.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic actuator that compensates for heat expansion during operation of the actuator.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide electromagnetic actuator with manual adjustment for obtaining precise mechanical tolerances.
  • an electromagnetically actuator for a valve having a valve stem exhibiting thermal expansion includes an electromagnet and an armature element, the armature element having a normally biased spaced apart first position distal from the electromagnet when the electromagnet is off and a second position proximal from the electromagnet when the electromagnet is on.
  • the valve includes seating springs that carry the electromagnet. The seating springs have a degree of thermal expansion substantially equal to the degree of thermal expansion of the valve stem.
  • the valve may further include an armature element adjustment member that interacts with the armature element such that adjustment of the armature element adjustment member causes an axial displacement of the first position.
  • a compact staggered electromagnetically actuated valve assembly includes a first electromagnetic actuator defining an upper horizontal surface and an outer circumference and a second electromagnetic actuator defining a vertical axis and a lower horizontal surface.
  • the second actuator lower horizontal surface is located vertically above the first actuator upper horizontal surface and the second actuator vertical axis is disposed outside of the first actuator outer circumference.
  • a feature of the present invention is that the combination of the first and second resilient members provides compensation for heat expansion of the moving assembly in the actuator.
  • Another feature of the present invention is that the adjustment device allows the neutral position of the armature assembly to be set precisely.
  • Another feature of the present invention is that the design of the moving armature assembly allows quick acceleration of the actuator.
  • Another feature of the present invention is a refinement of the magnetic circuit, namely the surrounding of the armature by magnetic material. This refinement tends to provide a larger force when the armature is at larger distances from the electromagnet, and smaller forces when the armature is nearer the electromagnet. This allows operation with use of less energy.
  • Another feature of the present invention is that the force of the closed valve on its seat can be guaranteed to lie within narrow limits. Another feature of the present invention is that straight forward adjustments can be made to increase or to lower the speed at which the closing valve reaches its seated position.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of electromagnetically actuated valve of the present invention providing precise control of valve seating pressure
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the electromagnetically actuated valve of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a top view of one embodiment of the staggered electromagnetic actuator design of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is front view of the staggered electromagnetic actuator design of Figure 3.
  • Figure 5 is side view of the staggered electromagnetic actuator design of Figure 3.
  • the valve 10 includes two pairs of electromagnetic elements 12, a plurality of coils 14, a core or armature element 16, a support spring 20, a valve stem 22, and a valve case 24 .
  • Each of the electromagnetic elements 12 are preferably annular-shaped, and define a central chamber 26.
  • the central chamber 26 further defines a central vertical axis 28.
  • each pair of electromagnetic elements 12 further comprises an upper electromagnetic element 32 and a lower electromagnetic element 34.
  • the upper and lower electromagnetic elements each include a central channel 30, in which the coils 14 are disposed.
  • the upper and lower electromagnets 32, 34 are in a mirrored relationship to each other, with the central channels 30 of the upper and lower electromagnetic elements being in a facing relationship to each other.
  • the armature element 16 Disposed intermediate the upper and lower electromagnetic elements 32, 34 is the armature element 16.
  • the armature element has a normally biased spaced apart first position distal from one of the electromagnets 32, 34 when that electromagnet is off and a second position proximal from that electromagnet when that electromagnet is on.
  • the armature element 16 is preferably annular-shaped in horizontal cross-section. The armature element 16 provides two pole faces 36.
  • the armature element 16 is interconnected to the valve stem 22.
  • the valve stem 22 preferably extends in axial alignment with the central vertical axis 28 of the central chamber 26 of the electromagnetic elements 12.
  • the spacer 24 encloses the valve.
  • the lower and upper electromagnets 32, 34 are connected by a spacer 40.
  • the spacer 40 maintains a constant distance between the upper and lower electromagnets 32, 34. Therefore the upper and lower electromagnets act as an assembly.
  • the spacer is preferably fabricated from a magnetic steel material.
  • the seating springs 38 and support spring 20 are used to compensate for heat expansion in the valve stem. More specifically, when the valve head 42 is properly seated, the armature element 16 should be in contact with the upper electromagnet 32. If the valve stem expands, the armature element will contact the upper electromagnet 32 before the valve head 42 is properly seated. However, if the valve stem is shortened to accommodate for heat expansion, the valve head may seat before the armature 16 contacts the upper electromagnet.
  • the support spring 20 is disposed within the central chamber 26, preferably surrounding the valve stem 22.
  • the lower end of the support spring contacts a support spring base member 44.
  • the base member 44 is threadingly engaged with the lower electromagnet 34. Therefore, the base member 44 may be adjusted so as to either compress or expand the support spring, thereby changing the axial position of the armature.
  • the valve also includes two seating springs 38.
  • the seating springs contact a portion of the valve case 24 and the lower electromagnet 34, such that the lower electromagnet is carried by the seating springs 38.
  • the seating springs have a degree of thermal expansion substantially equal to the degree of thermal expansion of the valve stem. Therefore, if the valve stem expands due to heat and the armature element 16 is axially displaced, the electromagnet also expands causing the electromagnets to axially displace to the same degree as the armature element. Therefore the seating springs 38 function as an electromagnet displacement element and alleviate the problems created by the heat expansion of the valve stem.
  • the support spring 20 and the seating springs 38 also serve to eliminate the problems caused by heat expansion.
  • the support spring is used to bias the armature element in the normally biased first position.
  • the support spring is a resilient member, and has a known value of resiliency.
  • the seating springs serve to bias the upper electromagnet away from the armature.
  • the seating springs are resilient members, and also have a known value of resiliency.
  • the support spring 20 and seating springs 38 are selected such that the resiliency of the support spring 20 is greater than the resiliency of the seating springs 38. Therefore, when the electromagnet is on, the armature 16 moves upward toward the upper electromagnet 32 until the valve head is seated. At this point, the upper electromagnet is attracted downward to the armature element 16, until a zero gap exists between the armature 16 and the upper electromagnet 32.
  • FIG. 2 an alternative embodiment 50 of the electromagnetically actuated valve of the present invention is described.
  • This embodiment includes an upper support spring adjustment member 52.
  • the support spring adjustment member 52 is shown in Figure 2 as comprising a hollow screw member 54.
  • the hollow screw member 54 is threadingly engaged into the upper electromagnet 32.
  • the hollow screw member 54 includes a cap 56.
  • the cap 56 defines a hexagonal aperture 58.
  • the hollow screw member 54 engages the upper end of the support spring 20.
  • the support spring 20 engages the armature element 16. Therefore, when the hollow screw member 54 is rotated, the support spring compresses, moving the armature element in a downward axial position.
  • the screw member 68 is loosened, the support spring expands, allowing the armature element to move in an upward axial position.
  • the hexagonal aperture 58 is used to facilitate the tightening and loosening of the hollow screw member 54.
  • the embodiment 50 further includes a lower support spring adjustment member 60.
  • the lower support spring adjustment member is comprised of a second hollow screw member 62 that is threadingly engaged with the lower electromagnet 34.
  • the second hollow screw member 62 includes a second cap 64.
  • the support spring compresses, moving the armature element in an upward axial position.
  • the support spring expands, allowing the armature element to move in a downward axial position.
  • the function of the support spring adjustment member 52 is to provide precise positioning of the armature element 16 between the upper and lower electromagnets 32, 34. As previously described, the armature element should be precisely centered between the electromagnets.
  • the support spring adjustment member 52 allows the manual positioning of the armature element after the valve is assembled. It is to be noted that the support spring adjustment member 52 may contact the support spring in another area and still provide the same armature positioning feature.
  • the upper and lower electromagnets are interconnected with a spacer 40.
  • the spacer 40 is preferably fabricated from a magnetic steel material. The use of magnetic steel allows the magnetic circuit to provide larger forces at large gaps and lower force at small gaps.
  • the embodiment shown in Figure 2 includes three seating springs 38.
  • the number of seating springs may vary depending on the application of the actuator.
  • the compact electromagnetically actuated valve assembly 70 is described.
  • the assembly is described as having two actuated valves. However, any number of valves may be utilized in the assembly.
  • the valve assembly 70 includes a first electromagnetically actuated valve 72 and a second electromagnetically actuated valve 74.
  • the first electromagnetically actuated valve 72 defines a first central vertical axis 76, an upper horizontal surface 78, and an outer circumference 80.
  • the second electromagnetically actuated valve 74 defines a second vertical axis 82 and a lower horizontal surface 84.
  • the central vertical axes 76, 82 align with the stem of each of the corresponding valves.
  • the central vertical axis 82 of the second actuator 74 is disposed outside of the outer circumference 80 of first actuator 72.
  • the lower horizontal surface 84 of the second actuator 74 is disposed above the upper horizontal surface 78 of the first actuator 72.
  • Figure 5 shows the first and second actuator as being aligned from the side view, with the first and second vertical axes 76,82 being parallel to each other. The actuators, however, may be offset to accommodate for different applications of the valve assembly. In another embodiment of the electromagnetically actuated valve assembly, the first actuator central vertical axis 76 and the second actuator central vertical axis 82 do not extend parallel to each other.
  • the second actuator central vertical axis 82 is disposed outside of the first actuator outer circumference 80, and the second actuator lower horizontal surface 84 is disposed above the first actuator upper horizontal surface 78.
  • This embodiment allows the compact valve assembly to be utilized in connection with non-planar surfaces, such as the non-planar surfaces of several known automobile engine heads.
  • the staggered valve assembly 70 allows the substitution of electromagnetically actuated valves of the present invention for the intake and exhaust valves of the modern automobile engines with minimal modifications to the existing engine design.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)

Abstract

Un ensemble compact (70) de soupapes échelonnées et à actionnement électromagnétique comprend un actionneur électromagnétique (72) présentant une surface supérieure horizontale (78) et une circonférence externe (80), et un second actionneur électromagnétique (74) présentant un axe vertical (82) et une surface inférieure horizontale (84). La surface inférieure horizontale du second actionneur se trouve verticalement au-dessus de la surface supérieure horizontale du premier actionneur, et l'axe vertical du deuxième actionneur se trouve en dehors de la circonférence du premier. Un actionneur électromagnétique (10) pour une soupape dotée d'une tige de soupape (22) à dilatation thermique est également décrit. La soupape actionnée comprend un électroaimant (12), des ressorts (38) d'appui de soupape, ainsi qu'un induit (16). Les ressorts et la tige de soupape présentent un degré sensiblement équivalent de dilatation thermique. La soupape peut en outre comprendre un élément de réglage (52) de l'induit servant à déplacer ce dernier dans le sens axial à partir d'une première position normale, sollicitée, espacée et distale par rapport à l'électroaimant lorsque ce dernier n'est pas excité.
EP95918850A 1994-04-28 1995-04-27 Modele de soupapes echelonnees a actionnement electromagnetique Withdrawn EP0799394A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US23638394A 1994-04-28 1994-04-28
US236383 1994-04-28
PCT/US1995/005096 WO1995030104A1 (fr) 1994-04-28 1995-04-27 Modele de soupapes echelonnees a actionnement electromagnetique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0799394A1 true EP0799394A1 (fr) 1997-10-08
EP0799394A4 EP0799394A4 (fr) 1997-10-08

Family

ID=22889265

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95918850A Withdrawn EP0799394A1 (fr) 1994-04-28 1995-04-27 Modele de soupapes echelonnees a actionnement electromagnetique

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0799394A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH09512622A (fr)
KR (1) KR970702975A (fr)
AU (1) AU688907B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2188681A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1995030104A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9625000D0 (en) * 1996-11-30 1997-01-15 Lucas Ind Plc Electromagnetic actuator
US6044813A (en) * 1997-12-09 2000-04-04 Siemens Automotive Corporation Electromagnetic actuator with detached lower collar to align with cylinder head bore
JP3907835B2 (ja) 1998-06-25 2007-04-18 日産自動車株式会社 車両用エンジンの動弁装置
JP2000120416A (ja) 1998-10-19 2000-04-25 Toyota Motor Corp 内燃機関の動弁装置
EP1124040A1 (fr) * 2000-02-11 2001-08-16 TRW Deutschland GmbH, Motorkomponenten Actionneur électromagnétique pour soupape

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4779582A (en) * 1987-08-12 1988-10-25 General Motors Corporation Bistable electromechanical valve actuator
EP0405187A1 (fr) * 1989-06-27 1991-01-02 FEV Motorentechnik GmbH & Co. KG Dispositif électromagnétique de positionnement
JPH0472425A (ja) * 1990-07-10 1992-03-06 Isuzu Ceramics Kenkyusho:Kk ２―４サイクル切換エンジン
WO1995000959A1 (fr) * 1993-06-28 1995-01-05 Aura Systems, Inc. Vanne a commande electromagnetique

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1603873A (en) * 1922-06-14 1926-10-19 Mills Novelty Co Electromagnetic device
DE3920976A1 (de) * 1989-06-27 1991-01-03 Fev Motorentech Gmbh & Co Kg Elektromagnetisch arbeitende stelleinrichtung
US5350153A (en) * 1992-10-05 1994-09-27 Aura Systems, Inc. Core design for electromagnetically actuated valve

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4779582A (en) * 1987-08-12 1988-10-25 General Motors Corporation Bistable electromechanical valve actuator
EP0405187A1 (fr) * 1989-06-27 1991-01-02 FEV Motorentechnik GmbH & Co. KG Dispositif électromagnétique de positionnement
JPH0472425A (ja) * 1990-07-10 1992-03-06 Isuzu Ceramics Kenkyusho:Kk ２―４サイクル切換エンジン
WO1995000959A1 (fr) * 1993-06-28 1995-01-05 Aura Systems, Inc. Vanne a commande electromagnetique

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 016, no. 282 (M-1269), 23 June 1992 & JP 04 072425 A (ISUZU SERAMITSUKUSU KENKIYUUSHIYO:KK), 6 March 1992, *
See also references of WO9530104A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2188681A1 (fr) 1995-11-09
WO1995030104A1 (fr) 1995-11-09
AU2461495A (en) 1995-11-29
AU688907B2 (en) 1998-03-19
JPH09512622A (ja) 1997-12-16
KR970702975A (ko) 1997-06-10
EP0799394A4 (fr) 1997-10-08

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