EP0798372A2 - Waschmittelzusammensetzung - Google Patents

Waschmittelzusammensetzung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0798372A2
EP0798372A2 EP97200875A EP97200875A EP0798372A2 EP 0798372 A2 EP0798372 A2 EP 0798372A2 EP 97200875 A EP97200875 A EP 97200875A EP 97200875 A EP97200875 A EP 97200875A EP 0798372 A2 EP0798372 A2 EP 0798372A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
soap
surfactant
weight
nonionic
composition
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP97200875A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0798372A3 (de
Inventor
Johannes Cornelis Van Der Pas
Lili Faucia Brouwn
Caecilia Hedwig E. De Vries Van Lingen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Unilever PLC
Unilever NV
Original Assignee
Unilever PLC
Unilever NV
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Unilever PLC, Unilever NV filed Critical Unilever PLC
Priority to EP97200875A priority Critical patent/EP0798372A3/de
Publication of EP0798372A2 publication Critical patent/EP0798372A2/de
Publication of EP0798372A3 publication Critical patent/EP0798372A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D10/00—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group
    • C11D10/04—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap
    • C11D10/045—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap based on non-ionic surface-active compounds and soap
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
    • C11D17/0008—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties aqueous liquid non soap compositions
    • C11D17/0026—Structured liquid compositions, e.g. liquid crystalline phases or network containing non-Newtonian phase
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
    • C11D17/08—Liquid soap, e.g. for dispensers; capsuled
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to aqueous liquids comprising nonionic surfactants and to a process of preparing such liquids.
  • Liquid detergent compositions are well-known in the art and offer several advantages over solid compositions. For example, liquid compositions are easier to dose, to dispense and to dissolve into a laundering liquor. Further, liquid compositions give more confidence to the consumer of being safer and less harsh to the washed or laundered textile than solid compositions. This may be the reasons why heavy duty and light duty built laundry liquid detergent products are gaining in popularity ever since their introduction on the market at the expense of powdered detergent products.
  • Isotropic liquids are liquids in which all ingredients are dissolved and, contrary to structured liquids, there is no structure present in isotropic liquid.
  • Structured liquids are well-known in the art. Structuring may be brought about to endow properties such as consumer preferred flow properties and/or turbid appearance. Many structured liquids are also capable of suspending particulate solids. Examples of structured liquids are given in US 4,244,840, EP 160342, EP 38101 and EP 140452. Structured liquids can either be internally structured, whereby the structure is formed by primary ingredients, preferably by surfactant material, and/or by providing a three dimensional matrix structure using secondary additives, preferably polymers and/or silicate material.
  • Externally structured liquids may provide a high viscosity upon storage.
  • detergent compositions comprising nonionic surfactants have a desirable cleaning performance. It is however difficult to incorporate nonionic surfactants in detergent compositions, in particular at higher levels. For instance, in solid compositions nonionic surfactants may lead to so-called bleeding problems. We have found that it is also difficult to prepare liquids comprising nonionic surfactants, in particular at high levels of nonionic surfactants, in view of wicking of the package, viscosity and/or stability problems.
  • EP 600847 (Procter & Gamble) describes aqueous liquid compositions comprising nonionic surfactants and coconut soap.
  • GB 2,271,574 (Albright & Wilson) discloses single phase compositions comprising soap and nonionic surfactants.
  • DE 28 19 455 (Unilever), EP 42648 (Unilever), DE 41 23 142 (Henkel), DE 40 38 223 (Hellers), DE 41 16 807 (Henkel) and DE 43 44 154 (Henkel) disclose isotropic liquids comprising nonionic surfactants, soap, high hydrotrope levels and low electrolyte levels.
  • DE 43 29 065 (Henkel) discloses isotropic liquids with high water levels. These references disclose compositions comprise high levels of non-functional and expensive hydrotropes. In addition, they do not allow for suspending solid particles.
  • EP 598693 (Procter & Gamble), EP 634476 (Procter & Gamble) and EP 405967 (Amway Corporation) disclose compositions comprising nonionic surfactants that do not comprise soap.
  • EP 346993 (Unilever) and EP 346994 (Unilever) describe aqueous liquids comprising nonionic surfactants and high soap levels.
  • the liquids have low surfactant levels, high water levels, contain high anionic surfactant levels and do not contain a deflocculating polymer.
  • EP 328176 discloses aqueous structured liquid compositions comprising suspended active material which is present in discrete units. The composition may comprise nonionic surfactant.
  • EP 328177 discloses aqueous liquid compositions comprising salting-out resistant surfactant material and optionally ethoxylated fatty alcohol.
  • EP 623670 (Albright & Wilson) discloses aqueous structured liquid compositions comprising a stabiliser polymer.
  • the liquids contain nonionic surfactants with a low number of ethoxylate groups and high levels of non-soap anionic surfactants.
  • the liquids may contain nonionic surfactants with high soap levels.
  • EP 691399 (Colgate) discloses aqueous lamellar structured liquid detergent compositions comprising a stabiliser polymer.
  • WO 91/00331 discloses aqueous lamellar structured liquid compositions comprising a particular combination of two types of nonionic surfactants in order to provide for stability.
  • Example 12 discloses a composition which comprises an ethoxylated Dobanol glycerol compound as stabilising nonionic surfactant.
  • WO 91/05844 discloses aqueous lamellar structured liquid compositions comprising particular ratios of nonionic surfactants and soap. The liquid pH is high.
  • WO 91/08280 discloses aqueous lamellar structured liquid compositions comprising nonionic surfactant, soap and anionic surfactants.
  • WO 91/09108 discloses aqueous lamellar structured liquid compositions comprising nonionic surfactant, soap and high levels of anionic surfactants.
  • Patent application PCT/EP95/03859 discloses aqueous liquid detergent compositions comprising high nonionic levels.
  • the liquids contain nonionic surfactants with a low number of ethoxylate groups.
  • the lamellar structured liquids comprise droplets with an asymmetric lamellar structure. We have found that these liquids may suffer from physical instability and phase separation, in particular upon storage at higher temperatures.
  • liquids with nonionic surfactants in particular at higher levels, suffer from physical instability and high viscosity and they often require non-functional or undesirable stabilising materials.
  • aqueous liquids comprising a low nonionic:soap weight ratios may suffer from high viscosity, which causes pourability problems. These liquids may further suffer from odour problems and discoloration on storage at elevated temperature. Furthermore, we have found that particular nonionic surfactants may not have a positive performance and environmental profile.
  • the present invention relates to aqueous liquid detergent composition
  • aqueous liquid detergent composition comprising symmetric lamellar droplets of surfactant material, wherein the surfactant comprises soap and nonionic surfactants, wherein the nonionic surfactants comprise alkoxylated nonionic, wherein the alkoxylated nonionic is of the formula R-O-(CnH2n-O)xH wherein R is alk(en)yl, n is from 2 to 4 and x is on average between 3 and 7 and wherein the weight ratio nonionic:soap is between 50:50 and 90:10.
  • the present invention further relates to a process of preparing an aqueous liquid detergent composition comprising nonionic surfactants soap, by simultaneously adding the surfactants to an aqueous electrolyte solution.
  • liquids of the invention are stable and have a low viscosity.
  • lamellar structures are lamellar droplets of surfactant material.
  • the dispersed structuring phase in such liquids is generally believed to consist of an onion-like configuration comprising concentric bilayers surfactant molecules, between which water or an electrolyte solution is trapped, the aqueous phase.
  • Liquids with a lamellar droplets structure are preferred as systems in which such droplets are close-packed provide a very desirable combination of physical stability and solid-suspending properties with useful flow properties, i.e. low viscosity with stability.
  • Such liquids have for example been described in A. Jurgens, Microstructure and Viscosity of Liquid Detergent, Tenside Surfactants Detergent 26 (1989) 222 and J.C. van de Pas, Liquid Detergents, Tenside Surfactants Detergents 28 (1991) 158.
  • the presence and identity of a surfactant structuring system in a liquid may be determined by means known to those skilled in the art for example, optical techniques, various rheometrical measurements, X-ray or neutron diffraction, and sometimes, electron microscopy.
  • the present invention relates to liquids comprising symmetric lamellar droplets of surfactant material.
  • Such symmetric lamellar droplets are fully concentrically lamellar droplets of bi-layers of surfactant material.
  • Liquid compositions according to the invention comprise soap.
  • the soap is selected from acids having from 12 to 18 carbon atoms, for example oleic acid, ricinoleic acid, alk(en)yl succinate for example dodecyl succinate, and fatty acids derived from castor oil, rapeseed oil, groundnut oil, coconut oil, palmkernel oil or mixtures thereof.
  • the sodium or potassium soaps of these acids can be used.
  • the soap is unsaturated and in particular preferred is oleic acid.
  • the nonionic surfactants in the liquids according to the present invention comprise alkoxylated nonionic surfactants, wherein the alkoxylated nonionic is the formula R-O-(CnH2n-O)xH wherein R is alk(en)yl, n is from 2 to 4 and x is on average between 3 and 7.
  • R is on average C9-14 alkyl, more preferably on average C10-13 alkyl, most preferably C10-12 alkyl.
  • the average ethoxylate groups content of the nonionic surfactant is determined by calculating the number average.
  • x is 4 or higher and 6 or lower.
  • the nonionic has a hydrophobic chain with a degree of branching more than 15%, more preferably more than 35%.
  • the degree of branching represents the percentage of molecules with a side chain. We have found that use of these branched nonionics leads to liquids which are more stable.
  • the nonionic of the present invention is selected from Vista 1012-55, Lutensol AO5, Dobanol 1-5, Softanol 70, Synperonic 7, Dobanol 25-7 and Imbentine AG/124/75, and more preferably from Vista 1012-55, Lutensol AO5 and Dobanol 1-5.
  • liquids of the invention comprise less than 30%, more preferably less than 20, most preferably less than 10, especially preferred less than 5% by weight of C13-15 alcohol with 1-3 ethoxy groups. They are e.g. substantially free of such nonionics.
  • the weight ratio of nonionic surfactant:soap is from 50:50 to 90:10, preferably higher than 55:45, more preferably 60:40 and preferably lower than 80:20, most preferably lower than 75:25.
  • the level of soap is from 2 to 20%, more preferably from 3 to 15%, most preferably from 5 to 10% by weight of the composition.
  • the level of nonionic surfactant is more than 10% and lower than 40%, more preferably from 15 to 30%, most preferably from 18 to 25% by weight of the composition.
  • the combined level of soap and nonionic surfactant is from 75 to 100%, more preferably from 80 to 100% and most preferably from 85 to 100%, especially preferred from 90 to 100%, for example from 95 to 100% by weight of the total surfactant. It is in particular preferred that the composition are substantially free from other surfactant material.
  • the combined level of soap and nonionic surfactant is from 10 to 50%, more preferably from 15 to 40%, most preferably from 20 to 35% by weight of the composition.
  • compositions of the invention may comprise surfactant material other than soap and the nonionic surfactant of the present invention.
  • the surfactant material in general, may comprise one or more surfactants, and may be selected from anionic, cationic, nonionic, zwitterionic and amphoteric species, and (provided mutually compatible) mixtures thereof.
  • surfactants may be chosen from any of the classes, sub-classes and specific materials described in 'Surface Active Agents' Vol.I, by Schwartz & Perry, Interscience 1949 and 'Surface Active Agents' Vol.II by Schwartz, Perry & Berch (Interscience 1958), in the current edition of "McCutcheon's Emulsifiers & Detergents" published by the McCutcheon division of Manufacturing Confectioners Company or in 'Tensid-Taschenbuch', H.Stache, 2nd Edn., Carl Hanser Verlag, München & Wien, 1981.
  • liquid composition of the invention may optionally comprise further nonionic surfactants.
  • nonionic surfactants include, in particular, the reaction products of compounds having a hydrophobic group and a reactive hydrogen atom, for example acids, amides or alkyl phenols with alkyl oxides, especially ethylene oxide, either alone or with propylene oxide.
  • Specific nonionic detergent compounds are alkyl (C 6 -C 18 ) primary or secondary linear or branched alcohols made by condensation of ethylene oxide with the reaction products of ethylene-di-amine.
  • Other so-called nonionic detergent compounds include long chain tertiary amine oxides, long-chain tertiary phosphine oxides and dialkyl sulphoxides.
  • compositions of the present invention may optionally comprise anionic surfactant ingredients.
  • Suitable anionic surfactants are usually water-soluble alkali metal salts of organic sulphates and sulphonates having alkyl radicals containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, the term alkyl being used to include the alkyl portion of higher acyl radicals.
  • suitable synthetic anionic surfactant compounds are sodium and potassium alkyl sulphates, especially those obtained by sulphating higher (C 8 -C 18 ) alcohols produced, for example, from tallow or coconut oil, sodium and potassium alkyl (C 9 -C 20 ) benzene sulphonates, particularly sodium linear secondary alkyl (C 10 -C 15 ) benzene sulphonates; sodium alkyl glycerol ether sulphates, especially those ethers of the higher alcohols derived from tallow or coconut oil and synthetic alcohols derived from petroleum; sodium coconut oil fatty monoglyceride sulphates and sulphonates; sodium and potassium salts of sulphuric acid esters of higher (C 8 -C 18 ) fatty alcohol-alkylene oxide, particularly ethylene oxide, reaction products; the reaction products of fatty acids such as coconut fatty acids esterified with isethionic acid and neutralized with sodium hydroxide; sodium and potassium salts of fatty acid amide
  • salting out resistant active materials such as for example described in EP-A-0,328,177, especially the use of alkylpolyglycoside surfactants such as for example disclosed in EP-A-0,070,074.
  • alkylpolyglycoside surfactants such as for example disclosed in EP-A-0,070,074.
  • alkyl mono glucosides may be used.
  • alkyl glucose ether may be used and/or polyhydroxy fatty acid amides as described in WO 92/06157, more particular the amides used in the Examples thereof.
  • the total level of surfactants is at least 10% by weight of the composition, more preferred at least 15% by weight, most preferably at least 20% by weight of the composition; and preferably at most 60% by weight, more preferably at most 50%, most preferably at most 40% by weight of the composition, in particular preferred at most 32% by weight, for example at most 30% by weight of the composition.
  • the composition comprises e.g. less than 50%, preferably, less than 25%, more preferably less than 20%, most preferably less than 10% and in particular preferred substantially 0% by weight of other surfactants.
  • the liquids of the invention comprise nonionic surfactant and soap.
  • further surfactants are present. These are preferably selected from primary alkyl sulphate, lineair alkyl benzene sulphonate, alkylethoxysulphates, sugar based surfactants (such as alkylglycosides and polyhydroxy fatty acid amides) and mixtures thereof.
  • the ratio between the weight of the nonionic surfactant and the soap to the weight of the further surfactants is higher than 4:1, more preferably higher than 6:1, most preferably higher than 9:1 and in particular the composition is substantially free from other further surfactants.
  • non-soap anionic surfactant materials Generally the level of non-soap anionic surfactant materials is from 0 to 10%. More preferred from 0 to 5%, most preferably from 0 to 3% by weight of the composition.
  • compositions according to the invention comprise electrolyte material, some or all of which may be builder material.
  • the total level of electrolyte is from 1 to 60% by weight of the composition, more preferably from 5 to 45% by weight, most preferably from 10 to 30% by weight.
  • the level of dissolved electrolytes is from 1 to 45% by weight of the composition, more preferably from 5 to 35% by weight, most preferably from 10 to 25% by weight.
  • electrolytes including builder material.
  • the level of non-soap builder material is from 5 to 40 % by weight of the composition, more preferred from 5 to 25 % by weight of the composition.
  • compositions according to the invention preferably contain a salting-out electrolyte that is able to bring about internal structuring of the liquid, preferably in the form of lamellar droplets of the surfactant material.
  • Salting-out electrolyte has the meaning ascribed to in specification EP-A-0,079,646, i.e. salting-out electrolytes have a lyotropic number of less than 9.5, preferably less than 9.0. Examples are sulphate, citrate, NTA and carbonate.
  • some salting-in electrolyte may also be included.
  • the compositions contain from 1% to 60%, especially from 10 to 45% of salting-out electrolyte.
  • compositions according to the present invention include detergency builder material, some or all of which may be electrolyte.
  • detergency builder material some or all of which may be electrolyte.
  • surfactant materials such as for example soaps, also have builder properties.
  • Examples of phosphorous containing inorganic detergency builders include the water-soluble salts, especially alkali metalpyrophosphates, orthophosphates, polyphosphates and phosphonates.
  • Specific examples of inorganic phosphate builders include sodium and potassium tripolyphosphates, phosphates and hexametaphosphates. Phosphonate sequestrant builders may also be used. It may however be preferred to minimise the amount of phosphate builders.
  • non-phosphorus-containing inorganic detergency builders when present, include water-soluble alkali metal carbonates, bicarbonates, silicates and crystalline and amorphous aluminosilicates. Specific examples include sodium carbonate (with or without calcite seeds), potassium carbonate, sodium and potassium bicarbonates, silicates and zeolites.
  • organic detergency builders when present, include the alkaline metal, ammonium and substituted ammonium polyacetates, carboxylates, polycarboxylates, polyacetyl carboxylates and polyhydroxysulphonates. Specific examples include sodium, potassium, lithium, ammonium and substituted ammonium salts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid, oxydisuccinic acid, melitic acid, benzene polycarboxylic acids, CMOS, tartrate mono succinate, tartrate di succinate and citric acid. Citric acids or salts thereof are preferred builder materials for use in compositions of the invention.
  • compositions of the present invention alternatively, or in addition to the partly dissolved polymer, yet another polymer which is substantially totally soluble in the aqueous phase and has an electrolyte resistance of more than 5 grams sodium nitrilotriacetate in 100 ml of a 5% by weight aqueous solution of the polymer, said second polymer also having a vapour pressure in 20% aqueous solution, equal to or less than the vapour pressure of a reference 2% by weight or greater aqueous solution of polyethylene glycol having an average molecular weight of 6000; said second polymer having a molecular weight of at least 1000.
  • Use of such polymers is generally described in our EP-A-0,301,883. Typical levels are from 0.5 to 4.5% by weight.
  • EP 346,995 (Unilever) describes deflocculating polymers having a hydrophillic backbone and one or more hydrophobic side-chains.
  • WO 91/06622 (Unilever) describes deflocculating polymers consisting of alternating hydrophobic and hydrophillic groups.
  • WO 91/06623 (Unilever) describes deflocculating polymers consisting of nonionic monomers and ionic monomers.
  • GB-A-2,237,813 (Unilever) describes deflocculating polymers consisting of a hydrophobic backbone and one or more hydrophillic side-chains.
  • WO 93/01884 (Unilever) discloses deflocculating polymer having a ketone group.
  • EP 623670 (Albright & Wilson) describes particular stabilising polymers. The document further discloses asymmetric lamellar structures.
  • EP 691399 discloses aqueous lamellar structured liquid detergent compositions comprising a stabiliser polymer.
  • WO 91/09109 discloses liquid detergent compositions comprising deflocculating polymers that are biodegradable and EP 703243 (Unilever) describes a process for preparing deflocculating polymers.
  • composition of the invention preferably also comprise a deflocculating polymer.
  • Deflocculating polymer of the present invention are preferably selected from:
  • the deflocculating polymer is preferably used at levels of from 0.01 to 5% by weight of the composition, more preferably from 0.1 to 2%, especially preferred from 0.5 to 1.5%.
  • compositions are substantially free of the nonionic polyhydroxy stabilising agent which contains 1 or 2 pentose or hexose sugar units, as described in Patent application PCT/EP95/03859 (Unilever).
  • lather boosters such as alkanolamides, particularly the monoethanolamides derived from palm kernel fatty acids and coconut fatty acids, lather depressants, oxygen-releasing bleaching agents such as sodium perborate and sodium percarbonate, peracid bleach precursors, chlorine-releasing bleaching agents such as trichloroisocyanuric acid, inorganic salts such as sodium sulphate, and, usually present in very minor amounts, fluorescent agents, perfumes, enzymes such as proteases, amylases and lipases (including Lipolase (Trade Mark) ex Novo), enzyme stabilizers, anti-redeposition agents, germicides and colorants.
  • biodegradable materials are preferred for environmental reasons.
  • Liquid compositions of the invention preferably have a viscosity of less than 2,500 mPas at 21 s-1, more preferred less than 1,500 mPas, most preferred less than 1,000 mPas and preferably higher than 100, more preferably higher than 500 mPas at 21 s-1.
  • Liquid compositions according to the invention are physically stable.
  • physical stability for these systems can be defined in terms of the maximum separation compatible with most manufacturing and retail requirements. That is, the 'stable' compositions will yield no more than 10%, preferably no more than 5 %, most preferred no more than 2%, utmost preferred substantially 0% by volume phase separation, as evidenced by appearance of 2 or more separate phases when stored at 25°C for 21 days from the time of preparation.
  • the compositions of the present invention are concentrated. Therefore, the water level in the liquid detergent compositions according to the present invention is preferably at least 10%, more preferably at least 20%, most preferably at least 30% by weight of the composition and preferably at most 60% by weight, more preferably at most 50%, most preferably at most 40% by weight of the composition.
  • the pH of the composition is lower than 12.0, more preferably lower than 10.0, most preferably lower than 9.0 and preferably higher than 7.0.
  • Liquid compositions of the invention may be prepared by any conventional method for the preparation of liquid detergent compositions.
  • a further embodiment of the present invention relates to a method of preparing a structured aqueous liquid detergent composition comprising nonionic surfactants and soap, by simultaneously adding the surfactants to an aqueous electrolyte solution.
  • the nonionic and the soap are added in the form of a premix.
  • a third (or further) surfactant may be present in the composition and may preferably be added to the electrolyte solution simultaneously, e.g. in the form of a premix with other surfactants, such as the nonionic surfactant.
  • one nonionic surfactant is used for the preparation of the liquid detergent, in order to decrease processing complexity.
  • the surfactants are added to the electrolyte solution in the form of a mixture comprising less than 20% by weight of water, preferably less than 10% and more preferably being substantially free from water.
  • the preferred method for example involves the dispersing of the electrolyte ingredient(s) together with the minor ingredients, except for the temperature and pH sensitive ingredients such as enzymes, perfumes, etc -if any- in water of elevated temperature, followed by the addition of the builder material -if any-, the surfactant material(s) as a premix under stirring and thereafter cooling the mixture and adding any temperature and pH sensitive minor ingredients.
  • the surfactant premix preferably contain all the anhydrous surfactant materials.
  • the deflocculating polymer may for example be added after the electrolyte ingredient or as the final ingredient. Preferably the deflocculating polymer is added prior to the formation of the lamellar structure.
  • Table 1 presents the effect of nonionic and soap on the physical stability of aqueous liquids.
  • Table 2 is based on the liquids of table 1 and presents the effect of nonionic type on the maximum level of nonionic surfactant and deflocculating polymer to be included in liquid compositions in order to arrive at physically stable liquid detergent compositions with symmetric lamellar droplets.
  • Non-ionic type Nonionic Structure Maximum amount of nonionic (as % of total surfactants) allowed to maintain symmetric lamellar droplets % Primary Alkyl Sulphate (as % of total surfactants) needed for obtaining symmetric lamellar droplets % deflocculating polymer necessary for physical stability 1) Vista 1012-55 C10-12, 0% branched 4.5EO at least 80% 0 1 2) Lutensol AO5 C13-15, 39% branched 5EO 80% 0 1 3) Dobanol 1-5 C11, 15% branched 5EO at least 60% 0 1 4) Softanol 70 C12-14, 100% branched 7EO at least 60% 0 >1 5) Synperonic 7 C13-15, 35% branched 7EO at least 60% 0 >1 6) Dobanol 25-7 C12-15, 18% branched 7EO 60% 20 >1 7) Imbentine C12-14, 0% branched 7.5EO at least 60% 0 >1 AG/124/75
  • nonionic types decreases in the order 1) to 7), whilst nonionic types 1) to 3) are most preferred.
  • Table 3 presents liquid detergent compositions comprising soap, nonionic surfactant and optionally lineair alkyl benzene sulphonate.
  • Table 3 Component Ex. 8 Ex. 9a Ex. 9b Nonionic 26.4 (1) 13.2 (5) 13.2 (5) Oleate 6.6 13.2 13.2 LAS 0 6.6 6.6 Citrate 16.5 16.5 16.5 Deflocculating polymer 1 1 2 Water rest rest rest Definition lamellar droplets symmetric poor symmetric Physical stability stable unstable stable Deflocculating polymer is polymer A11 of EP 346995 LAS represents Lineair Alkyl benzene Sulphonate (Marlon AS3, ex Huls)
  • Compositions in Table 1-3 have a sodium/potassium ratio of 1:1, on a molar base.
  • liquids according to the examples comprising nonionic surfactants with a high number of ethoxylate groups show a lower performance profile than the liquids with the nonionic surfactants of the present invention.
  • Table 4 presents complete formulations containing soap and nonionic surfactants.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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EP97200875A 1996-03-29 1997-03-26 Waschmittelzusammensetzung Withdrawn EP0798372A3 (de)

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WO1996024658A1 (en) * 1995-02-06 1996-08-15 Unilever N.V. Liquid compositions

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CA2069618A1 (en) * 1989-12-01 1991-06-02 Cornelis J. Buytenhek Liquid detergents

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994005757A1 (en) * 1992-09-09 1994-03-17 Unilever Plc Improvements to hard surface cleaners
WO1996024658A1 (en) * 1995-02-06 1996-08-15 Unilever N.V. Liquid compositions

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7371715B2 (en) * 2003-03-03 2008-05-13 Kao Corporation Emulsion composition

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