EP0781362B1 - Trench falsework system - Google Patents

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/DE95/01045 Sec. 371 Date May 2, 1997 Sec. 102(e) Date May 2, 1997 PCT Filed Aug. 4, 1995 PCT Pub. No. WO96/08609 PCT Pub. Date Mar. 21, 1996Proposed is a trench falsework which includes a base box (3) made up of lining panels (5) held apart by braces (8). The panels making up the box have a flat edge (7) along the top and a cutting edge (6) along the bottom. The falsework system also includes at least one add-on box (4, 12) designed to be used as an extra tier and made up of lining panels (5) which meet flush with those of the base box (3). The invention calls for the lining panels (5) making up the raised box (4, 12) to be of the same design as those in the base box (3).

Description

The invention relates to a trench shoring device in the form of a shoring box according to claim 1.

DE 20 57 263 C3 describes a device for supporting trench walls with at least two wall sections arranged one above the other Retaining walls described. The walls are made with the help of cross struts kept at a distance. The lowest pair of retaining walls (simplified: "Basic box") has a bottom to drive it into the ground Cut while the top edge of the plate is opposite the cutting edge as a stump edge, e.g. is designed as a four-bar spar. The floor by floor above the basic box of panels to be aligned essentially vertically Stock boxes consisting of pairs of plates have both on the A blunt (straight or slightly curved) on the top edge and on the bottom edge End profile or the aforementioned stump edge, so none Cutting edge. The mounting plates of the extension boxes differ from the Shoring panels of the basic boxes essentially only in that a Cutting edge is present or not. The cutting edge allows an indentation the basic box in the ground. The top box does not need this cutting edge, since it lies on the base box, which has already cut the ground to the width of the trench Has.

The main disadvantage when using special extension elements or boxes is that they only to top up, so only with relative deep trenches. The basic box, however, is always required. However, the top box is only in rare cases, but then it will at least one extension box is needed for each basic box. The building contractor Therefore, if he wants to be ready, he has to fulfill orders flexibly can, almost as many top boxes as basic boxes in his warehouse have it ready, even though the top-up boxes are even at normal trench depths are not needed.

US-A-35 93 528 describes a trench construction device consisting of a basic box of sheeting panels, which is kept at a distance by spreading on its upper edge relative to the impact of an excavator shovel stable die edge and a cutting edge on the lower edge of each shoring panel to drive the basic box down into the ground, and one Level of shoring plates of an extension box arranged in alignment on the basic box, the shoring plates of the stowage box as well as the shoring plates the basic box are trained and aligned.

In order to prevent the cutting edges from slipping in the known manner according to the above US Pat. No. 3,593,528 exclude the upper box from the stump edges of the lower box on the abutting line of the triangular support legs attached to the bevel of the cutting edges of the upper shoring plate, preferably welded on. The well-known triangle support legs let the The cutting edge of the shoring plate above appears like a stump edge. The respective plates are therefore on top of each other like the plates the assembly box according to DE 20 57 263 C3 above. However, they form Cut an edge and thus part of the contact surface of the upper box on the lower box.

From US-A-40 56 938 it is known to overhead the respective top box to put on the basic box. The upper shoring plate then lies with the stump edge on the stump edge of the lower shoring panel. Accordingly are the cutting edges of the installation box placed on the basic box directed upwards. When driving in a corresponding double-decker box the cutting edge pointing upwards can be injured.

The invention has for its object to a trench shoring device create that - even if because of the required trench depth the height the basic box for installing the respective trench is not sufficient - without the special ones to be described as uneconomical according to the above Add-on box comes out, which means the add-on elements of the shoring panels are designed just like the shoring plates of the basic box, whereby but still moving against each other when driving in the shoring panels is excluded and the top-up elements - without danger for the possibly upward-facing cutting edges - stump edge to stump edge can be placed on the lower box.

According to the invention, the trench shoring device essentially only exists of sheeting panels, one on one longitudinal edge for driving into the ground have a suitable cutting edge. When digging a trench, first of all the basic box with the cutting edge driven down into the ground. Thereupon an extension box is placed on the basic box. The top box can alternatively positioned with the cutting edge up and with the cutting edge down become. In the latter case, the cutting edge of the extension box and the top edge of the basic box with the help of a protective rail, i.e. one Coupling element to be connected, which protects the cutting edge and slipping excludes the cutting edge from the top edge of the basic box.

If, on the other hand, as is preferred in the context of the invention, the extension box with their blunt end edge on the also blunt end edge the mounting plates of the basic box are sufficient as a coupling element Bolted or screwed between the basic box and the body box, possible welded on one side, connecting straps that prevent the extension box from slipping off prevent and especially when dismantling, i.e. when pulling out the boxes from the ground (after completing the trench) of importance are.

According to the invention is in this case on one on the upper edge with a Final cutting arrangement of stacked pairs of shoring panels a protective rail is applied, which essentially consists of the pressure beam-like edge profile should exist, starting from one of his Surfaces that extend into the profile body along the length of the profile Has recess in which the cutting edge is approximately form-fitting is to be used. Such a protective rail is in the event that an extension box is positioned with the cutting edge facing upwards, important because the box is generally used to dig the trench provided excavator shovel is pressed into the ground. You would with the excavator shovel would act directly on the cutting edge, would be a bending the cutting edge is inevitable. It is therefore important to look for one Shoring to be completed with a cutting edge on each cutting edge Protective rail to be provided.

The protective rail should preferably extend over the entire length of the respective Extend the plate or cutting edge. However, in individual cases, e.g. For reasons of saving, it should be appropriate to use a shorter protective rail each only position where the excavator bucket is on the plate presses or even beats.

The protective rail provided according to the invention is intended to be used throughout Length have a recess into which the cutting edge is essentially positive is to be used. In principle, that means the recess Consistently formed like the mother shape of the cutting end of a base plate can be. If necessary, the mother form should cover the entire Extend the length of the protective rail. However, the form fit part of the nut shape adapted to the cutting edge along the length of the rail Have interruptions when the interruptions of stability and Do not impair the fixed position of the rail on the cutting edge. If the Cut, as usual, from a one-sided bevel that is used the inner side of the trench faces the respective plate edge, it is sufficient for a complete recess on the opposite side of the cutting edge The outside of the panel at sufficient intervals in terms of stability individual tabs of the protective rail overlap over the cutting edge to let.

The protective rail in the narrower sense is placed on the top edges of the shoring panels put on a shoring box, if a two or more storey Shoring box with the cutting edges of the top stacking box facing up. Especially in this case, that of the recess, which the cutting edge is form-fitting should take up, opposite back or top of the edge profile the protective rail prefers approximately as blunt as the opposite one Be the edge of the sheeting. Because in this case the protective rail when driving the shoring box into the ground directly with the excavator shovel processed, it must be so stable that it itself (and especially not the cutting edge underneath) through the excavator shovel bent or otherwise damaged. It must also be so firmly on the The edge of the cutting edge lies in such a way that, preferably even without special fastening means, not when pressing or even hitting with the excavator shovel falls off the cutting edge. In this sense, the rail is cheap to be shaped so that its center of gravity is as deep as possible, preferably below the height of the edge of the cutting edge, when the guard is on the cutting edge is turned over. One the whole length of the cutting edge overlapping rail can in the anvil on which the excavator shovel strikes immediately, be made relatively thin, so that the Thickness of the anvil part small against the expansion of the rail in the direction the adjacent plate level. This ratio can preferably in Range between values from 1: 5 to 1:15.

In the event that in a trench shoring device with two or more floors from basic and top-up boxes a cutting edge on a stump edge or two cutting edges meet, is provided according to a further invention, as a protective rail or coupling element at the transition from one another Shoring plates to provide an elongated bracket that the Cutting and optionally includes the stump edge positively; preferably the protective rail should be connected between the Butt lines lying compensation plate a direct mutual contact Exclude superimposed shoring panels. Also in this Case, the form-fitting parts of the clamp-like protective rail interruptions have. Likewise, one is preferred here also over the full length of the two plates provided protective rail, though it may also be sufficient to use only individual parts with one or more protective rails support each other.

The protective rails designed as clamps are according to another invention not only designed to support the sheeting panels against each other, they should preferably also include connecting elements that allow when dismantling, the box below together with one box above, by gripping the upper box, from the trench pull out. For this purpose, the cutting edges or die edges each form-fitting overlapping protective rails or clamps, preferably with the help of bores leading through the cutting edges or plates, be firmly connected to the respective plate edge or cutting edge.

The invention creates a modular system that only Base plates or base boxes and coupling elements (e.g. protective rails) consists. The conventionally required extension plates, which apart from the cutting edge are practically identical to the base plates, are complete dispensable. The contractor therefore only needs in his warehouse the usual base plates and in the event that a pair of base plates for a trench depth should not be sufficient, only the coupling elements. A decisive advantage of the invention is also that that with a shoring with a basic box and a single extension box the latter is to be arranged with the cutting edge upwards and the cutting edge with the help of the protective rail resting positively on the rail must be perfectly secured against the harmful effects of the excavator bucket.

Instead of a large number of special extension boxes previously stored, it is sufficient it when applying the invention in general, for two pairs of basic boxes keep a pair of protective rails ready. If on the described Arrangement with protective rail with another extension box with after is placed on the cutting edge above, it is enough for a three-day Trenching device three pairs of basic boxes and two pairs of Protection rails in stock. Alternative to the protective rails in particular or basically also for joining between two floors To make shoring elements suitable, it is according to another invention advantageous, the protective rail with connecting elements for fixed coupling with the adjacent plate or plates and with guide elements for prevention a mutual slipping of plates standing on one another.

Fig. 1

eine Grabenverbauvorrichtung mit zwei übereinanderstehenden Etagen von Verbauboxen;

Fig. 2

eine Seite einer Grabenverbauvorrichtung mit drei übereinanderstehenden Verbauplatten mit der Folge Stumpfrand-auf-Stumpfrand und Stumpfrand-auf-Schneide;

Fig. 3

eine dreietagige Grabenverbauvorrichtung mit drei übereinanderstehenden Verbauplatten mit der Folge Schneide-auf-Stumpfrand und Stumpfrand-auf-Stumpfrand;

Fig. 4

eine Seite einer dreietagigen Grabenverbauvorrichtung mit drei übereinanderstehenden Verbauplatten mit der Folge Stumpfrand-auf-Stumpfrand und Schneide-auf-Schneide;

Fig. 5 bis 8

Beispiele einer gegenseitigen Kopplung von Stumpfrand-auf-Stumpfrand übereinander angeordneten Verbauplattten;

Fig. 9 bis 11

Beispiele von gegenseitigen Verbindungen von Schneide-auf-Schneide angeordneten Verbauplatten;und

Fig. 12

eine Doppelstock-Verbaubox mit symbolhaft unterschiedlich übereinander angeordneten und miteinander gekoppelten Verbauplatten.

Details of the invention are explained on the basis of the schematic representation of exemplary embodiments. Show it:

Fig. 1

a trench shoring device with two superimposed floors of shoring boxes;

Fig. 2

one side of a trench shoring device with three superimposed shoring panels with the sequence of edge-on-edge and edge-on-edge;

Fig. 3

a three-day trench shoring device with three superimposed shoring panels with the result cutting-on-stump edge and stump edge-on-stump edge;

Fig. 4

one side of a three-day trench shoring device with three superimposed shoring panels with the consequence of edge-on-edge and edge-on-edge;

5 to 8

Examples of a mutual coupling of stump edge-to-stump edge stacking plates arranged one above the other;

9 to 11

Examples of mutually interconnected edge-to-edge sheeting panels; and

Fig. 12

a double-deck shoring box with shoring panels symbolically arranged differently one above the other and coupled together.

1 shows a basic box 3 in a trench 1 of the surrounding soil 2 with an extension box 4 above it. The two boxes consist of mutually identical shoring panels 5. Each shoring panel 5 has a cutting edge 6 on one longitudinal edge and on an opposite longitudinal edge a stump edge designed, for example, as a four-edged pressure beam 7. The shoring plates of each box are spread in the usual way 8 kept at a distance (see. DE 42 09 675 C1). On the upward facing Cutting 6 of the extension box 4 there is a protective rail 9 each essentially from a resistant to the attack of the excavator bucket Edge profile 10 and one on the length of the profile of a recess extending into the profile body from its surfaces 11, which the cutting edge 6 is essentially positive includes. The recess 11 is accordingly, although possibly with the Interruptions not endangering stability, like a mother form of Cutting edge 6 to look at. The edge profile 10, which may be immediate "Machined" with the excavator shovel can, because of its corresponding required stability can also be referred to as the anvil profile.

According to FIG. 2, a second can essentially be applied to the structure according to FIG. 1 Extension box 12 (corresponding to a third floor of the trench shoring device) can also be placed with the cutting edge 6 up, whereby to cover the upstanding edge 6 again with a protective rail 9 is.

If the first according to Fig. 3 on the respective mounting plate 5 of the basic box Extension box 4 not with the cutting edge 6 upwards, but with the cutting edge 6 is placed down, can be used as a coupling element on the connecting line between basic box 3 and stacking box 5 in principle a "reverse" Protective rail 9 are used, the support line between forms the cut-on-stump edge boxes 3 and 4. The second 3 can also as in Fig. 2, that is with upward-facing cutting edge 6 can be positioned. Alternatively, in Fig. 3 aligned the second extension box 12 as well as the first extension box 4 to be placed on the latter. Between the first and second An "inverted" protective rail 9 is then also arranged on the stacking box.

In addition to the described mutual positioning of the stump edge and According to FIG. 4, the cutting edge is still a stacking of two shoring panels 5 cut-on-cut possible. In this case, the In principle, a connecting line between the cutting edges 6 facing one another of "back-to-back" protective rails 9 are provided, so that the plates 5 of the first stacking box 4 and second stacking box 12 after Fig. 4 ultimately with the blunt side, that is, that of the recess 11 opposite surface of the edge profile 10 rest on each other; in in practice it is preferred to arrange the protective rail back-to-back 9 in one piece or firmly connected from the outset, in particular welded, to provide.

For the proper functioning of the trench shoring device according to the invention It is not enough just to cut against an injury from the attacking excavator shovel or (here also the stump edges) against slipping from the top edge of the flush-fitting panel of a shoring box to protect, rather it must also be ensured that the Entire trench shoring device by pulling on the top shoring box at Removal must be lifted out of the trench. For this purpose, the shoring plates can also be firmly coupled to one another in the direction of pull. Some examples of coupling means for stump edge to stump edge standing one on top of the other Shoring plates are shown in principle with reference to FIGS. 5 to 8.

5, the two with the stump edge 7 are superimposed Sheeting plates 5 with the aid of the respective plate 5, e.g. by Welding, attached tabs 13 and connectors 14 with the help releasable bolt 15 coupled together. Part A of Fig. 5 shows one Section perpendicular to the plate plane, part B of Fig. 5 shows a view the coupling point with a pair of tabs welded onto the shoring plate 13 with holes for the connector 14 and the bolt 15.

FIG. 6 shows an alternative to FIG. 5, in which the two stump edges 7 with the aid of a tab 16, preferably within a recess 17, and two bolts 18 are releasably connected together.

7 and 8 illustrate configurations of the examples according to FIGS. 5 and 6. 7 is an additional profile 19 on the connector 14, e.g. a double T-rail-like profile, preferably by welding, attached; the profile 19 can be in sections or over the entire length of the panel to be available. It serves to counteract the movement of the Permanently exclude die edges 7 of superimposed plates 5.

8, the tab 16 of FIG. 6 with a continuous profile 20, preferably by welding. It can also be used for additional mutual stabilization of the superimposed plates 5 a Counter flap 21 may be advantageous. Part A of Fig. 8 shows a view of the Connection point seen perpendicular to the plate surface, part B of Fig. 8 shows a section perpendicular to the plate surface. After part B of Fig. 8 is the stump edge 7 of the plate, which is preferably used as a four-sided printing beam is formed in the area of the connection points to a narrow web 22 shaped with bore for a bolt 23.

9 and 10 show further designs of the protective rail 9, which are specially positioned for the connection of cutting-on-cutting Shoring panels are shaped. The protective rail 9 according to FIG. 9 has Bores 24 for bolts 25, which are in the respective cutting edge 6 provided cutting holes or cutting eyes 26 are to be set. The protective rail 9 according to FIG. 10 is compared to that according to FIG. 9 in that regard modified that the cutting 6 not only on the inclined side the cutting edge 6, but - for better stability - also on the straight Continuation of the surface of the plate 5 formed cutting back 28th essentially fit positively.

According to FIG. 11, a single one can also be used as the coupling means for the two cutting edges 6 Bolt 29, which is pulled through the two cutting eyes 26, immediately suffice. The length of the cutting edges 6 should then be at least two such bolt connections are provided.

12 shows, among other things, further exemplary embodiments of plate couplings or protective rails shown in principle. The one in the trench shoring according to FIG. 12, of course, the spreads required for keeping apart of the superimposed floors of shoring panels are for the sake of better overview essentially not drawn.

On the left side of Fig. 12 there is a specially for the case of an arrangement Cutting-on-stump protective rail 9 shown. This comprises an elongated bracket 35. The actual protective rail 9 lies on the cutting edge 6 of the upper plate 5, while the clip 35 the Pressure beam 36 or stump 7 of the lower plate 5 essentially likewise positively overlaps. You can also (to make a tensile Connection) bolts 25 and 30 are provided in the upper area go through the cutting edge 6 and in the lower area through the plate 5. On the right side of the lower one of the overlapping plates of Fig. 12, a butt edge to butt edge connection is provided, which is essentially corresponds to the embodiment of FIG. 5. The connection tab 14 is between two spring shoes 31, e.g. according to DE 43 41 626 C1, in which the two plate walls support each other Spreaders 8 are provided.

In Fig. 12 means are also shown in principle, with the help of a Trench shoring device with two or more levels of shoring boxes from one completed trench is pulled out. If, like on the right 12, the top installation box 4 with the cutting edge 6 stands up, the respective crane hook 32 can be in a in the cutting edge engage the provided cutting eye 26. If, however, the shoring box above with the blunt side (as with the bottom basic box, of course) ends, the crane hook 32 can in a conventional manner in a provided in the plate, e.g. an engaging hole or surface eye having a retaining bolt 37 33, in a ring 34 or the like attached to the pressure beam or stump intervention.

A trench shoring device with opposite shoring panels are kept at a distance by spreaders and where the shoring panels the basic box on one longitudinal edge a cutting edge to drive into the Own ground, can with the help of the cutting plates having the cutting can be increased to double or multiple heights if in use the same shoring panels for the basic boxes and the top boxes protective rails on the buttocks of stacked shoring panels can be provided, which move against each other when driving and Exclude when disconnecting the shoring box.

Reference list

1 =

dig

2 =

soil

3 =

Basic box

4 =

first extension box

5 =

Sheeting plate

6 =

Cutting edge

7 =

Dull

8 =

Spreads

9 =

Protective rail

10 =

Edge profile

11 =

Recess (10)

12 =

second extension box

13 =

Tab

14 =

Connector

15 =

bolt

16 =

Tab

17 =

Recess (for 16)

18 =

bolt

19 =

Profile (14)

20 =

rail

21 =

Mating tab

22 =

web

23 =

bolt

24 =

drilling

25 =

bolt

26 =

Cutting eye

27 =

sloping side (6)

28 =

Cutting edge back

29, 30 =

bolt

31 =

Feather shoe

32 =

Crane hook

33 =

Area eye

34 =

ring

35 =

Bracket

36 =

Pressure beam

37 =

Bolt (in 33)

Claims (14)

1. Trench timbering device in the form of a timbering box comprising

   a) a foundation box (3) of timbering shores (5) spaced apart by props (8), said timbering shores having on their upper edge a blunt edge (7), in particular a square compression beam (36) which is relatively stable in relation to impacts from an excavator bucket, and on the lower edge of each timbering shore (5) having a sharp edge (6) for driving the foundation box (3) downwards into the ground (2),

   b) as well as at least one level of timbering shores (5) of a stacking box (4, 12) arranged flush on the foundation box (3),

   c) wherein the timbering shores (5) of the stacking box (4, 12) are constructed in the same manner as the timbering shores (5) of the foundation box (3), and comprising at least one guard rail (9), which is attached onto the sharp edge (6) of a timbering shore (5) standing on a foundation box (3) and which essentially comprises a compression beam-like squared profile (10) with a nut-like form extending on the length of the profile (10) from one of its surfaces into the profile body and essentially positively receiving the sharp edge (6).
2. Trench timbering device according to Claim 1, characterised in that at least one guard rail (9) with coupling elements such as bolted joints is provided on the sharp edge on blunt edge abutment line of timbering shores (5) standing one on top of the other, or coupling elements such as bolted joints are provided on the blunt edge against sharp edge abutment line of timbering shores (5) standing one on top of the other, whereby the coupling elements exclude displacement of the members against one another when driven in and possibly when separated during retreat of the timbering shores (5).
3. Trench timbering device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the timbering shores (5) standing on the foundation box (3) are positioned one on top of the other blunt edge against blunt edge (7) with the sharp edge (6) directed upwards, and are coupled to one another by means of welded on butt straps (13) and connection pieces (14) or by means of butt straps (16) fastened to the shore surface or in a recess of the timbering shore by means of bolts (15, 18).
4. Trench timbering device according to Claim 3, characterised in that the connection pieces (14) or butt straps (16) are firmly connected to rails (19, 20) for displacing timbering shores (5) standing one on top of the other between the blunt edges (7).
5. Trench timbering device according to at least one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that a guard rail (9), which essentially comprises a compression beam-like squared profile (10) with a nut-like form extending on the length of the profile (10) from one of its surfaces into the profile body and essentially positively receiving the sharp edge (6), is attached onto pairs of timbering shores (5) standing one above the other of an arrangement terminating on the upper edge with a sharp edge (6).
6. Trench timbering device according to Claim 5, characterised in that the recess (11) covers the sharp edge (6) over its entire length, even possibly with interruptions which do not impair stability.
7. Trench timbering device according to Claim 5 or 6, characterised in that the centre of gravity of the guard rail (9) lies below the upper edge of the sharp edge (6).
8. Trench timbering device according to at least one of Claims 5 to 7, characterised in that the thickness of the anvil-like part (10) of the guard rail (9) located above the sharp edge is small in relation to the overall dimensions of the guard rail (9) in the same direction (parallel to the plane of the timbering shore).
9. Trench timbering device according to at least one of Claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the timbering shores (5) of the stacking box (4) with the sharp edge (6) standing on the foundation box (3) are positioned on the edges constructed as blunt edge (7) of the respective bottom box (3) with a guard rail (9) placed inbetween.
10. Trench timbering device according to at least one of Claims 1 to 9, characterised in that a second stacking box (12) placed on the first stacking box (4) forming a third level is positioned sharp edge on sharp edge, sharp edge on blunt edge, or blunt edge on blunt edge.
11. Trench timbering device according to at least one of Claims 1 to 10, characterised in that for the case where a sharp edge (6) abuts against a blunt edge (7) or two sharp edges (6) of the first and second stacking boxes abut against one another, a guard rail (9) with attached clamp (35) is provided as guard rail (9) at the transition area of abutting timbering shores (5), said guard rail with attached clamp also positively encompassing the blunt edge (7), if necessary, and preferably excluding direct mutual contact between the shores (5) standing one on top of the other by means of an equalising piece located in one piece between these.
12. Trench timbering device according to Claim 12, characterised in that the guard rail (9), which is possibly constructed as a clamp open on both sides, in principle comprises two guard rails moulded onto one another on one side back to back.
13. Trench timbering device according to at least one of Claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the guard rails (9) respectively positively engaging over the sharp edges (6) or the blunt edges (7) are connected to one another on the respective shore edge using holes (30) leading through the sharp edges (6) or timbering shores (5).
14. Trench timbering device according to at least one of Claims 1 to 13, characterised in that the guard rails (9) have connecting elements for fixed coupling to the adjoining timbering shore or shores (5) as well as guide elements for preventing timbering shores standing one on top of the other from shifting in relation to one another.

Images