EP0780160B1 - Powder spray coating device - Google Patents

Powder spray coating device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0780160B1
EP0780160B1 EP96115438A EP96115438A EP0780160B1 EP 0780160 B1 EP0780160 B1 EP 0780160B1 EP 96115438 A EP96115438 A EP 96115438A EP 96115438 A EP96115438 A EP 96115438A EP 0780160 B1 EP0780160 B1 EP 0780160B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
delivery
additional
air outlet
flow
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96115438A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0780160A1 (en
Inventor
Guido Rutz
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Gema Switzerland GmbH
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Gema Switzerland GmbH
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Publication date
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/08—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means
    • B05B12/12—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means responsive to conditions of ambient medium or target, e.g. humidity, temperature position or movement of the target relative to the spray apparatus
    • B05B12/122—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means responsive to conditions of ambient medium or target, e.g. humidity, temperature position or movement of the target relative to the spray apparatus responsive to presence or shape of target
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/004—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area comprising sensors for monitoring the delivery, e.g. by displaying the sensed value or generating an alarm
    • B05B12/006—Pressure or flow rate sensors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/08—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means
    • B05B12/085—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means responsive to flow or pressure of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/14—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas designed for spraying particulate materials
    • B05B7/1404—Arrangements for supplying particulate material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/16—Arrangements for supplying liquids or other fluent material
    • B05B5/1683—Arrangements for supplying liquids or other fluent material specially adapted for particulate materials

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a powder spray coating device according to the preamble of Claim 1.
  • An electrostatic powder spray coater this type is from the US-A-4561380 known.
  • Another device known from EP-B-0 412 289 contains an injector for the pneumatic conveying of Coating powder from one powder container to one Spraying device; one connected to the injector Conveying air line, which with an adjustable first pressure setting device is provided; one to the Auxiliary gas line connected to injector, which with an adjustable second pressure setting device is; and a gas supply line for supplying compressed air to the two pressure setting devices.
  • the Gas supply line is a first flow meter arranged, which consists of the total amount of air Conveying air and additional air are displayed.
  • a second Additional gas line or purge air line is to the Sprayer connected, for example, by an electrode for electrostatically charging the Powder to hold powder particles so that the Do not attach powder particles to the electrode can.
  • the pressure setting devices can be adjustable Pressure regulator, adjustable flow restrictors, adjustable taps or the like. Air is that preferred medium, but other gases be used.
  • the one delivered by the injector The amount of powder depends on that of the injector amount of conveyed air supplied.
  • the powder flow rate is also depends on the amount of additional air if the Additional air in the vacuum area of the injector is initiated. However, the additional air is common downstream of the negative pressure area the conveying air powder flow fed.
  • the additional air can therefore perform two different tasks, namely one Influence powder flow rate and the other Flow rate of the powder stream downstream of the Influence injector. For the promotion of very small amounts of powder per unit of time it can be necessary to increase the flow of conveying air so strongly reduce that in the lines downstream of the Injector powder deposits.
  • the spray devices are preferably such trained that "electrostatic" with you can be coated. This means that the powder is electrostatically charged so that it is connected to the coating object adheres better before the Then powder layer in an oven on the object is melted, and thus less powder particles miss the object by scattering.
  • the Electrostatic charge can be caused by friction Powder particles on a duct wall in the Spray device are generated, so-called Frictional electricity or triboelectricity, or by electrical high voltage on one High voltage electrode, which in or next to the Flow path of the coating powder is arranged and preferably in or on the spray device is arranged.
  • the high voltage generator for generation the high voltage for the electrode can be external or be arranged within the spray device. High voltage electrostatic spray coaters are off, for example U.S. Patent 4,196,465.
  • Objects are usually coated in Cabins through which the objects are transported and into which the spray devices, so-called spray guns, through wall openings be introduced.
  • the object of the invention is to achieve the Powder spray coater like this train that for a color change and a Object change required time is reduced.
  • the invention enables the powder spray coating device to operate either by hand or automatically and has the following advantages:
  • An operator can, as in the prior art which he believes are optimal values for Conveying air and additional air for coating a certain object by hand. Furthermore, if the automatic mode is not satisfactory works, can be switched to manual operation at any time.
  • the operator or the operator Manufacturer of the powder spray coating device determined optimal values for conveying air and Additional air can be used for several different objects the one intended for automatic operation Control device can be stored.
  • the conveying air and the additional air automatically from the Control device on the object in question optimal values set which in the Control device are stored. So that needs Operator when changing to another Powder type no longer all values individually by hand adjust, but it is only necessary at the Control device to the powder type in question choose.
  • the Control device can depend on this Sensor signal automatically sends corresponding signals to the Control unit for the automatic setting of the Give conveying air and the additional air.
  • the Control device is preferably computerized and contains memory for storing the for different Objects and / or different types of powder and / or different object conveying speeds required conveying air values, additional air values and Conveying speed values. These values can be pressures and / or flow rates and / or electrical Be tensions.
  • the powder spray coating device shown in FIG. 1 contains the following parts: a control unit 2; a electronic control device 4; one as pneumatic pump acting injector 6 a powder spraying device 8th; a cabin 10.
  • a conveying air line 12 connects one Delivery air outlet 14 of the control unit 2 with a Delivery air inlet 15 of the injector 6.
  • the delivery air 15 generates a negative pressure in the injector 6, which over a suction line 16 coating powder from a Powder container 18 sucks in the conveying air flow and together with him via a powder line 20 the Spray device 8 is supplied, which the powder 22nd in the cabin 10 on an object 24 to be coated sprays.
  • the object 24 is transported by a conveyor 25, on which it depends, through wall openings 26 of the Carried cabin 10.
  • the powder can be in the spray device 8 either by friction on a duct wall or, accordingly Fig. 1 by the high voltage High voltage electrode 34 electrostatically charged be, which in the spray device 8 in Flow path of the powder is arranged and from a integrated into the spray device 8
  • High voltage generator 36 receives high voltage.
  • the High voltage generator 36 receives its low voltage supply voltage via an electrical line 38, which is connected to an adjustable potentiometer 40 of the Control unit 2 is connected so that by Adjustment of the potentiometer 40, the high voltage 34 can be switched on and off and set.
  • the powder particles on the high voltage electrode 34 not liable and possibly also for transfer of electrical charges from the High voltage electrode in the powder stream, it is from Flows around an electrode air line 42, which has an electrode air outlet 44 of the control device 2 with an electrode air inlet 45 of the Spray device 8 connects in terms of flow.
  • Control unit 2 contains in a housing 46 in addition to the potentiometer 40 and the Compressed air outlets 14, 32, 44: a compressed air supply connection 48, which over a Pressure setting element 49, for example a adjustable pressure regulator or an adjustable one Pressure reducing valve, and a solenoid valve 60 with one Compressed air outlet of this solenoid valve 60 can be connected, this compressed air outlet the internal Compressed air inlet 62 of the control unit 2 forms and always only with the compressed air supply connection 48 is fluidly connected when the solenoid valve 60 from a main switch 64 of the control unit 2 is turned on with the main switch 64 at the same time the power supply to the Potentiometer 40 turns on or when the Solenoid valve 60 also simultaneously the power supply switches off to potentiometer 40; a switch 66; a manually adjustable first Delivery air adjusting element 68 in the form of a adjustable pressure regulator or an adjustable Flow restrictor; one to the delivery air outlet 14 or downstream connected by flow Conveying air measuring device 70 (e.g.
  • a manually adjustable Additional air setting element 72 in the form of a adjustable pressure regulator, an adjustable Flow restrictor, proportional regulator or Proportional valve; an automatic or remote controlled adjustable second conveying air setting element 78 in Form of an adjustable pressure regulator or adjustable flow restrictor; a remote controlled or automatic first additional air setting element 82; a total air pressure flow meter 84, preferably a Variable area flowmeter, in one Compressed air supply line 86 for measuring the total compressed air consisting of conveying air and additional air, which from internal compressed air inlet 62 via the compressed air supply line 86 to a compressed air inlet "P" of the switch 66 flows; an electrode air adjusting member 88 in the form an adjustable pressure regulator or one adjustable flow restrictor; and an electrode air flow meter 90, preferably also a Variable area flowmeter.
  • the switch 66 can be operated manually or remotely the electronic (or pneumatic or hydraulic) control device 4 optionally between a manual mode position and an automatic mode position can be switched.
  • the switch 66 connects its compressed air inlet "P" in the Manual operation position with a compressed air outlet "H", and in its automatic mode with one Air outlet "A".
  • An electrode air flow path 92 leads from the internal compressed air inlet 62 over the Electrode air flow meter 90 and then over that Electrode air adjusting member 88 for the electrode air outlet 44, regardless of the switch 66.
  • the electrode air could also be via the changeover switch 66 be performed and then switched on by the switch 66 and be switchable.
  • a first conveying air path 94 leads from one Manual operation compressed air line 95, which to the Manual operation compressed air outlet "H" of switch 66 is connected via the manual delivery air setting element 68 and a first OR valve 96 to the delivery air outlet 14.
  • a second delivery air path 98 for automatic operation leads from the automatic compressed air outlet "A" of the switch 66 over a Automatic operation compressed air line 99 for Automatic conveying air setting element 78 and then over the first OR valve 96 to the delivery air outlet 14.
  • Das first OR valve 96 is from the delivery air pressure automatically switched so that it from the two Conveying airways 94 and 98 only the conveying airway connects to the delivery air outlet 14, in which Conveying air is supplied while the OR valve 96 at the same time admission of the other concerned Conveying airway 98 or 94 closes.
  • a first additional airway 100 for manual operation leads from the manual operation compressed air line 95, which to the Manual operation compressed air outlet "H" of switch 66 is connected via the first additional air setting element 72 for manual operation to a first Air inlet of a second OR valve 102 and whose compressed air outlet to the auxiliary air outlet 32nd second additional airway 104 leads from the Automatic operation compressed air line 99, which to the Automatic operation compressed air outlet "A” of switch 66 is connected via the second Additional air setting element 82 for automatic operation too a second compressed air inlet of the second OR valve 102 and from its compressed air outlet also to Auxiliary air outlet 32.
  • the second OR valve 102 connects only that of the two Additional airways 100 or 104 with the additional air outlet 32, in which additional air is conveyed during this second OR valve 102 has its compressed air inlet for the other additional airway 104 or 102 in question closes.
  • Fig. 2 are the manual operation of Compressed air flows through additional lines dash-dotted lines marked.
  • the switch 66 is in manual mode so that compressed air from the internal Compressed air inlet 62 via the compressed air supply line 86 only to manual operation compressed air outlet "H" of switch 66 can reach, but not to its automatic mode compressed air outlet "A".
  • the conveying air only flows via the first manual conveying air setting element 68 to Delivery air outlet 14, but not over the second Automatic conveying air setting element 78.
  • the additional air flows only through the first manual operation additional air setting element 72 to the additional air outlet 32, but not via the second automatic mode additional air setting element 82.
  • the switch 66 can by hand or by the higher-level control device 4 from automatic mode to manual mode or vice versa can be set, it is possible to set the Switch 66 manually into another position, especially in the automatic operating position toggle even if the parent Control device 4 manual operation calls.
  • the basic position of the switch 66 is manual. This is in the event of a fault in the control device 4 advantageous.
  • Automatic mode In automatic mode according to FIG. 3 the switch 66 switched to automatic mode, see above that compressed air from the internal compressed air inlet 62 via the Compressed air supply line 86 from the switch compressed air inlet "P" only for automatic operation compressed air outlet "A" of the Switch 66 can reach, but not to it Manual air outlet "H".
  • the at Automatic operation of lines through which compressed air flows are by a dashed line added to them marked.
  • conveying air can only be the automatic mode conveying air setting element 78 of the second delivery air path 98 to the delivery air outlet 14 reach, but not via the manual operation of the conveying air setting element 68 of the first conveyor airway 94.
  • Additional air can only be operated via the automatic mode additional air setting element 82 of the second Additional air path 104 to the additional air outlet, but not through the manual operation additional air setting element 72 of the first additional airway 100.
  • the automatic mode conveying air adjusting element 78 is via an electrical (pneumatic or hydraulic) line 106 to the control device 4 connected and controlled by her to the pressure and adjust the flow rate of the conveying air and / or regulate, depending on the type of coating object and / or of the type of coating powder used and / or the Conveying speed of the objects.
  • the Automatic operation additional air setting element 82 is over a second electrical (pneumatic or hydraulic) line 108 also to the Control device 4 connected and is by her actuated and / or regulated depending on the type and / or the conveying speed of the coating object and / or of the type of coating powder used.
  • the type used of the coating powder can the control device 4th entered manually or by a computer program from internal memory.
  • the type of Object 24, which is to be coated, can Electrode control device can be entered manually or by a computer program from an internal Memory can be accessed or from a Object detection sensor 110 are signaled, which besides the path of movement of the to be coated Object 24 is arranged and the control device 4th reports whether an object 24 is present and / or from what kind it is.
  • the control device 4 can be a Computer program included, which after a predetermined program flow the said memories retrieves the data required for coating a certain object are needed.
  • the spray device 8 can the coating powder by nozzle action or by using a Atomize the rotary head.
  • Fig. 1 shows a second control device 2.2 schematically shown, which is the same design as that described control unit 2 and corresponding Lines 106.2, 108.2 and 109.2 with the Control device 4 is connected to thereby further To supply spray devices 8 with compressed air.
  • the Switch 66 of all control units 2 and 2.2 etc. are each on their own control wiring harness 109 or 109.2 etc. connected to the control device 4.
  • a powder spray coating device according to the In principle, the invention is the same as that in FIG. 1 illustrated embodiment, only instead a single switch 66 two switches 66.1 and 66.2 are provided, one 66.1 each for the conveying air and a 66.2 for the additional air.
  • the remaining elements and all functions are the same as the powder spray coater of Fig. 1, why identical parts are provided with the same reference numbers and details are not described in detail.
  • Some identical parts of Fig.l are not in Fig. 4 shown, but also in practice in Fig. 4th available.
  • the conveying air flows in manual mode one after the other by the following elements: internal Compressed air inlet 62, total air flow meter 84, Compressed air supply line 86, conveying air switch 66.1, Manual operation conveying air setting element 68, first OR valve 96, conveying air outlet 14, injector 6, Spraying device 8.
  • auxiliary air flows in manual mode one after the other by the following elements: internal Compressed air inlet 62, total air flow meter 84, Compressed air supply line 86, additional air switch 66.2, Manual operation additional air setting element 72, second OR valve 102, auxiliary air outlet 32, injector 6, Spraying device 8.
  • This additional air flows in Automatic operation in succession through the following elements: Internal air inlet 62, total air flow meter 84, compressed air supply line 86, Auxiliary air switch 66.2, automatic operating auxiliary air setting element 82, second OR valve 102, Auxiliary air outlet 32, injector 6, spray device 8.
  • valves 96 and 102 instead of the two Or valves 96 and 102 also use other elements which are like a switchable flow switch work, by which only one out of two Compressed air inlets connected to a compressed air outlet can be.
  • the OR valves 96 and 102, and preferably others used instead switchable flow switches are preferably such trained to be from the pressure of the compressed air are automatically switched, which one Inlet to an outlet of the flow switch to be forwarded while the relevant other inlet connectable to the outlet the flow switch is closed.
  • the sensor 110 can be designed such that he the control device 4 the Conveying speed of objects 24 reports.
  • connection of the conveying air measuring device 70 e.g. for Pressure measurement and / or flow velocity measurement and / or measuring the flow rate per unit of time and / or total flow rate measurement
  • the connection of the conveying air measuring device 70 e.g. for Pressure measurement and / or flow velocity measurement and / or measuring the flow rate per unit of time and / or total flow rate measurement
  • the connection of the conveying air measuring device 70 has the Advantage that for manual and automatic operation overall only one such device is required. The same applies to the additional air if one corresponding additional air meter 70 to the Auxiliary air outlet 32 or downstream thereof is connected.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Spraying Apparatus (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)

Abstract

The powder sprayer has at least one control unit (2) with a delivery air outlet (14) where an air pipe (12) can be connected with an injector pump(6) in order to deliver powder pneumatically to a nozzle (8). A first air path (94) leads to the air outlet with a valve adjusted manually to change the pressure or rate of flow. A second air path (98) also goes to the air outlet with a valve(78) adjusted automatically. A changeover valve lies between a compressed air pipe (86) and the two air paths, so that compressed air can be applied to either path. An air outlet (32) with a pipe (30) allows additional air to go to the injector pump.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Pulver-Sprühbeschichtungsvorrichtung gemäß dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1. The invention relates to a powder spray coating device according to the preamble of Claim 1.

Eine elektrostatische Pulver-Sprühbeschichtungsvorrichtung dieser Art ist aus der US-A-4561380 bekannt.An electrostatic powder spray coater this type is from the US-A-4561380 known.

Eine weitere, aus der EP-B-0 412 289 bekannte Vorrichtung enthält einen Injektor zur pneumatischen Förderung von Beschichtungspulver von einem Pulverbehälter zu einer Sprühvorrichtung; eine an den Injektor angeschlossene Förderluftleitung, welche mit einem einstellbaren ersten Druckeinstellgerät versehen ist; eine an den Injektor angeschlossene Zusatzgasleitung, welche mit einem einstellbaren zweiten Druckeinstellgerät versehen ist; und eine Gaszufuhrleitung zur Zufuhr von Druckluft zu den beiden Druckeinstellgeräten. In der Gaszufuhrleitung ist ein erstes Durchflußmeßgerät angeordnet, welches die Gesamtluftmenge bestehend aus Förderluft und Zusatzluft angezeigt. Eine zweite Zusatzgasleitung oder Spülluftleitung ist an die Sprühvorrichtung angeschlossen, beispielsweise um von einer Elektrode zur elektrostatischen Aufladung des Pulvers Pulverpartikel abzuhalten, damit sich die Pulverpartikel nicht an der Elektrode festsetzen können. Die Druckeinstellgeräte können einstellbare Druckregler, einstellbare Strömungsdrosseln, einstellbare Hähne oder dergleichen sein. Luft ist das bevorzugte Medium, jedoch können auch andere Gase verwendet werden. Die vom Injektor geförderte Pulvermenge ist abhängig von der dem Injektor zugeführten Förderluftmenge. Die Pulver-Fördermenge ist auch von der Menge der Zusatzluft abhängig, wenn die Zusatzluft in den Unterdruckbereich des Injektors eingeleitet wird. Häufig wird jedoch die Zusatzluft stromabwärts des Unterdruckbereiches dem Förderluft-Pulver-Strom zugeführt. Die Zusatzluft kann deshalb zwei verschiedene Aufgaben erfüllen, nämlich einmal die Pulver-Fördermenge beeinflussen und zum anderen die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Pulverstromes stromab des Injektors beeinflussen. Für die Förderung von sehr kleinen Pulvermengen pro Zeiteinheit kann es erforderlich werden, den Förderluftstrom so stark zu reduzieren, daß sich in den Leitungen stromabwärts des Injektors Pulver ablagert. Zur Vermeidung solcher Pulverablagerungen ist in den Leitungen stromabwärts des Injektors eine bestimmte Mindest-Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Pulver-Luft-Gemisches erforderlich. In diesem Falle kann die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit durch die Zuführung von Zusatzluft erhöht werden. Luft ist zur Förderung des Pulvers erforderlich, jedoch besteht der Nachteil, daß bei einem starken Luftstrom auf ein zu beschichtendes Objekt aufgebrachtes Pulver von dieser Luft wieder weggeblasen wird. Es ist deshalb von Vorteil, nicht nur die für die Förderung einer bestimmten Pulvermenge erforderliche Luft einzustellen, sondern auch darauf zu achten, daß die Gesamtluftmenge innerhalb eines optimalen Bereiches bleibt. Dies wird der Bedienungsperson durch die Beobachtung der Gesamtflußmenge an dem Durchflußmeßgerät ermöglicht, welches in der gemeinsamen Gaszufuhrleitung für die Förderluft und die Zusatzluft angeordnet ist.Another device known from EP-B-0 412 289 contains an injector for the pneumatic conveying of Coating powder from one powder container to one Spraying device; one connected to the injector Conveying air line, which with an adjustable first pressure setting device is provided; one to the Auxiliary gas line connected to injector, which with an adjustable second pressure setting device is; and a gas supply line for supplying compressed air to the two pressure setting devices. In the Gas supply line is a first flow meter arranged, which consists of the total amount of air Conveying air and additional air are displayed. A second Additional gas line or purge air line is to the Sprayer connected, for example, by an electrode for electrostatically charging the Powder to hold powder particles so that the Do not attach powder particles to the electrode can. The pressure setting devices can be adjustable Pressure regulator, adjustable flow restrictors, adjustable taps or the like. Air is that preferred medium, but other gases be used. The one delivered by the injector The amount of powder depends on that of the injector amount of conveyed air supplied. The powder flow rate is also depends on the amount of additional air if the Additional air in the vacuum area of the injector is initiated. However, the additional air is common downstream of the negative pressure area the conveying air powder flow fed. The additional air can therefore perform two different tasks, namely one Influence powder flow rate and the other Flow rate of the powder stream downstream of the Influence injector. For the promotion of very small amounts of powder per unit of time it can be necessary to increase the flow of conveying air so strongly reduce that in the lines downstream of the Injector powder deposits. To avoid such Powder deposits are in the pipes downstream the injector a certain minimum flow rate of the powder-air mixture required. In this case, the Flow rate by feeding Additional air can be increased. Air is used to promote the Powder required, but there is the disadvantage that when there is a strong air flow on a surface to be coated Object applied powder from this air again is blown away. It is therefore not only an advantage for the delivery of a certain amount of powder adjust required air, but also towards it make sure that the total air volume within one optimal range remains. This will be the Operator by observing the Total flow at the flow meter enables which is in the common gas supply line for the Conveying air and the additional air is arranged.

Die Sprühvorrichtungen sind vorzugsweise derart ausgebildet, daß mit Ihnen "elektrostatisch" beschichtet werden kann. Dies bedeutet, daß das Pulver elektrostatisch aufgeladen wird, damit es an dem zu beschichtenden Objekt besser haftet, bevor die Pulverschicht anschließend in einem Ofen auf das Objekt aufgeschmolzen wird, und damit weniger Pulverpartikel durch Streuwirkung das Objekt verfehlen. Die elektrostatische Aufladung kann durch Reibung der Pulverpartikel an einer Kanalwand in der Sprühvorrichtung erzeugt werden, sogenannte Reibungselektrizität oder Tribo-Elektrizität, oder durch elektrische Hochspannung an einer Hochspannungselektrode, welche in oder neben dem Strömungsweg des Beschichtungspulvers angeordnet ist und vorzugsweise in oder an der Sprühvorrichtung angeordnet ist. Der Hochspannungserzeuger zur Erzeugung der Hochspannung für die Elektrode kann extern oder innerhalb der Sprühvorrichtung angeordnet werden. Elektrostatische Hochspannungs-Sprühbeschichtungsvorrichtungen sind beispielsweise aus der US-Patentschrift 4 196 465 bekannt.The spray devices are preferably such trained that "electrostatic" with you can be coated. This means that the powder is electrostatically charged so that it is connected to the coating object adheres better before the Then powder layer in an oven on the object is melted, and thus less powder particles miss the object by scattering. The Electrostatic charge can be caused by friction Powder particles on a duct wall in the Spray device are generated, so-called Frictional electricity or triboelectricity, or by electrical high voltage on one High voltage electrode, which in or next to the Flow path of the coating powder is arranged and preferably in or on the spray device is arranged. The high voltage generator for generation the high voltage for the electrode can be external or be arranged within the spray device. High voltage electrostatic spray coaters are off, for example U.S. Patent 4,196,465.

Das Beschichten von Objekten erfolgt normalerweise in Kabinen, durch welche die Objekte hindurchtransportiert werden, und in welche die Sprühvorrichtungen, sogenannte Sprühpistolen, durch Wandöffnungen eingeführt werden.Objects are usually coated in Cabins through which the objects are transported and into which the spray devices, so-called spray guns, through wall openings be introduced.

Beim Wechsel von einer Pulversorte auf eine andere Pulversorte, insbesondere bei einem Wechsel der Pulverfarbe, müssen nicht nur sämtliche Strömungswege des Pulvers gereinigt werden, sondern es muß häufig auch die für eine gute Beschichtungsqualität erforderliche Strömungsmenge der Förderluft und der Zusatzluft auf neue optimale Werte eingestellt werden. Ähnliche Einstellungen sind auch erforderlich beim Wechsel von einer Art von Objekten auf eine andere Art von Objekten, sowie bei einer Änderung der Fördergeschwindigkeit der Objekte. Egal welcher der Gründe vorliegt, alle erfordern viel Zeit und eine erfahrene Bedienungsperson, welche anhand von vorgegebenen Tabellen und anhand der visuellen Beobachtung der versprühten Pulverwolke und des Beschichtungsergebnisses die, nach Auffassung der Bedienungsperson, optimalen Werte für die Förderluft und die Zusatzluft einstellt. Dies hat außerdem den Nachteil, daß während dieser Einstellarbeiten Beschichtungspulver verloren geht und von den schlecht beschichteten Objekten das Pulver wieder mit Druckluft abgeblasen werden muß.When changing from one type of powder to another Powder type, especially when changing Powder paint, not only have all flow paths of the powder to be cleaned, but it must be cleaned frequently also for a good coating quality required flow rate of the conveying air and the Additional air can be set to new optimal values. Similar settings are also required for Switch from one type of object to another of objects, as well as when the Conveying speed of the objects. No matter which one There are reasons, all require a lot of time and one experienced operator, who based on given tables and based on the visual Observation of the sprayed powder cloud and the Coating result which, in the opinion of Operator, optimal values for the conveying air and adjusts the additional air. This also has the Disadvantage that during this adjustment work Coating powder is lost and from the bad objects coated the powder again with compressed air must be blown off.

Durch die Erfindung soll die Aufgabe gelöst werden, die Pulver-Sprühbeschichtungsvorrichtung derart auszubilden, daß der für einen Farbwechsel und einen Objektwechsel erforderliche Zeitaufwand reduziert wird.The object of the invention is to achieve the Powder spray coater like this train that for a color change and a Object change required time is reduced.

Diese Aufgabe wird gemäß der Erfindung durch die Merkmale von Anspruch 1 gelöst.This object is achieved according to the invention by the Features of claim 1 solved.

Weitere Merkmale der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen enthalten. Further features of the invention are in the Subclaims included.

Die Erfindung ermöglicht den Betrieb der Pulver-Sprühbeschichtungsvorrichtung wahlweise von Hand oder automatisch und hat folgende Vorteile:The invention enables the powder spray coating device to operate either by hand or automatically and has the following advantages:

Eine Bedienungsperson kann wie beim Stand der Technik die nach seiner Auffassung optimalen Werte für Förderluft und Zusatzluft für die Beschichtung eines bestimmten Objektes von Hand einstellen. Ferner kann, wenn der Automatbetrieb nicht zufriedenstellend arbeitet, jederzeit auf Handbetrieb umgestellt werden. Die von der Bedienungsperson oder bereits vom Hersteller der Pulversprühbeschichtungsvorrichtung ermittelten optimalen Werte für Förderluft und Zusatzluft können für mehrere verschiedene Objekte in der für den Automatbetrieb vorgesehenen Steuervorrichtung gespeichert werden. Bei Automatbetrieb werden die Drücke und Strömungsmengen der Förderluft und der Zusatzluft automatisch von der Steuervorrichtung auf die für das betreffende Objekt optimalen Werte eingestellt, welche in der Steuervorrichtung gespeichert sind. Damit braucht die Bedienungsperson beim Wechsel auf eine andere Pulversorte nicht mehr alle Werte einzeln von Hand einstellen, sondern es ist lediglich nötig, an der Steuervorrichtung die betreffende Pulversorte zu wählen. In gleicher Weise kann bei einem Wechsel auf die Beschichtung eines anderen Objektes die betreffende Objektart und/oder die erforderliche Objekt-Fördergeschwindigkeit an der Steuereinrichtung gewählt werden, welche dann automatisch die richtigen Drücke und Strömungsmengen für die Förderluft und die Zusatzluft einstellt. Wenn man bedenkt, daß eine Sprühbeschichtungsanlage normalerweise mehrere Sprühvorrichtungen hat, jeder Sprühvorrichtung ein eigenes Steuergerät zugeordnet ist, und an jedem Steuergerät für die zugehörige Sprühvorrichtung die Förderluft und die Zusatzluft einzeln eingestellt werden müssen, dann erkennt man leicht, welchen zeitlichen Vorteil die Erfindung hat, durch welche lediglich an der übergeordneten Steuervorrichtung das betreffende Objekt, das betreffende Pulver und/oder die betreffende Objekt-Fördergeschwindigkeit ausgewählt zu werden brauchen. In einer Kabine werden nacheinander häufig verschiedene Arten von Objekten beschichtet. In diesem Falle ermöglicht es die Erfindung, im Transportweg der Objekte einen Objekt-Sensor anzuordnen, welcher mit der Steuervorrichtung verbunden ist und ihr das Vorhandensein und/oder die Art des Objektes meldet. Die Steuervorrichtung kann in Abhängigkeit von diesem Sensorsignal automatisch entsprechende Signale an das Steuergerät für die automatische Einstellung der Förderluft und der Zusatzluft geben. Die Steuervorrichtung ist vorzugsweise computerisiert und enthält Speicher zur Speicherung der für verschiedenen Objekte und/oder verschiedenen Pulversorten und/oder verschiedenen Objekt-Fördergeschwindigkeiten erforderlichen Förderluft-Werte, Zusatzluft-Werte und Fördergeschwindigkeits-Werte. Diese Werte können Drücke und/oder Durchflußmengen und/oder elektrische Spannungen sein. An operator can, as in the prior art which he believes are optimal values for Conveying air and additional air for coating a certain object by hand. Furthermore, if the automatic mode is not satisfactory works, can be switched to manual operation at any time. The operator or the operator Manufacturer of the powder spray coating device determined optimal values for conveying air and Additional air can be used for several different objects the one intended for automatic operation Control device can be stored. At Automatic pressures and flow rates the conveying air and the additional air automatically from the Control device on the object in question optimal values set which in the Control device are stored. So that needs Operator when changing to another Powder type no longer all values individually by hand adjust, but it is only necessary at the Control device to the powder type in question choose. In the same way, when changing to the coating of another object the one in question Object type and / or the required object conveying speed selected on the control device which are then automatically the correct pressures and flow rates for the conveying air and the additional air. If considering that a spray coating system usually has multiple sprayers, each Spray device assigned its own control unit is, and on each control unit for the associated Spraying device for the conveying air and the additional air must be set individually, then you can see easy, what time advantage the invention has, through which only at the parent Control device the object in question, the relevant powder and / or the relevant object conveying speed need to be selected. In a cabin are often different one after the other Types of objects coated. In this case enables the invention in the transport route of the Arrange objects an object sensor, which with the Control device is connected and you Presence and / or the type of object reports. The Control device can depend on this Sensor signal automatically sends corresponding signals to the Control unit for the automatic setting of the Give conveying air and the additional air. The Control device is preferably computerized and contains memory for storing the for different Objects and / or different types of powder and / or different object conveying speeds required conveying air values, additional air values and Conveying speed values. These values can be pressures and / or flow rates and / or electrical Be tensions.

Aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung ist für den Fachmann erkenntlich, daß eine Steuervorrichtung mehrere Steuergeräte steuern kann.From the following description is for the expert recognizable that one control device several Control devices can control.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden mit Bezug auf die Zeichnungen anhand von mehreren Ausführungsformen als Beispiele beschrieben. In den Zeichnungen zeigen

Fig. 1.
schematisch eine Pulver-Sprühbeschichtungsvorrichtung nach der Erfindung,
Fig. 2
die Pulver-Sprühbeschichtungsvorrichtung von Fig. 1 bei Handbetrieb, welcher durch gestrichelte Linien gekennzeichnet ist, die den bei Handbetrieb Druckluft führenden Leitungen hinzugefügt sind,
Fig. 3
die Pulver-Sprühbeschichtungsvorrichtung von Fig. 1 bei Automatbetrieb, welcher durch gestrichelte Linien gekennzeichnet ist, die den bei Automatbetrieb Druckluft führenden Leitungen hinzugefügt sind,
Fig. 4
schematisch eine weitere Ausführungsform einer Pulver-Sprühbeschichtungsvorrichtung nach der Erfindung.
The invention is described below with reference to the drawings using several embodiments as examples. Show in the drawings
Fig. 1.
schematically a powder spray coating device according to the invention,
Fig. 2
1 in manual mode, which is characterized by dashed lines which are added to the lines carrying compressed air in manual mode,
Fig. 3
1 in automatic mode, which is identified by dashed lines which are added to the lines carrying compressed air in automatic mode,
Fig. 4
schematically shows a further embodiment of a powder spray coating device according to the invention.

Die in Fig. 1 dargestelle Pulver-Sprühbeschichtungsvorrichtung nach der Erfindung enthält folgende Teile: ein Steuergerät 2; eine elektronische Steuervorrichtung 4; einen als pneumatische Pumpe wirkenden Injektor 6 eine Pulver-Sprühvorrichtung 8; eine Kabine 10.The powder spray coating device shown in FIG. 1 according to the invention contains the following parts: a control unit 2; a electronic control device 4; one as pneumatic pump acting injector 6 a powder spraying device 8th; a cabin 10.

Eine Förderluftleitung 12 verbindet einen Förderluftauslaß 14 des Steuergerätes 2 mit einem Förderlufteinlaß 15 des Injektors 6. Die Förderluft 15 erzeugt im Injektor 6 einen Unterdruck, welcher über eine Saugleitung 16 Beschichtungspulver aus einem Pulverbehälter 18 in den Förderluftstrom saugt und zusammen mit ihm über eine Pulverleitung 20 der Sprühvorrichtung 8 zugeführt wird, welche das Pulver 22 in der Kabine 10 auf ein zu beschichtendes Objekt 24 sprüht. Das Objekt 24 wird von einer Fördervorrichtung 25, an welcher es hängt, durch Wandöffnungen 26 der Kabine 10 transportiert.A conveying air line 12 connects one Delivery air outlet 14 of the control unit 2 with a Delivery air inlet 15 of the injector 6. The delivery air 15 generates a negative pressure in the injector 6, which over a suction line 16 coating powder from a Powder container 18 sucks in the conveying air flow and together with him via a powder line 20 the Spray device 8 is supplied, which the powder 22nd in the cabin 10 on an object 24 to be coated sprays. The object 24 is transported by a conveyor 25, on which it depends, through wall openings 26 of the Carried cabin 10.

Zur Einstellung der vom Förderluftstrom geförderten Pulvermenge und/oder zur Einstellung einer Gesamtluftmenge in der Pulverleitung 20, welche für gute Beschichtungsqualität optimal ist, kann dem Injektor 6 in seinen Unterdruckbereich 28 oder stromabwärts davon Zusatzluft von einer Zusatzluftleitung 30 zugeführt werden, welche einen Zusatzluftauslaß 32 des Steuergeräts 2 mit einem Zusatzlufteinlaß 33 des Injektors 6 strömungsmäßig verbindet.For setting the conveyed by the conveying air flow Amount of powder and / or for setting one Total amount of air in the powder line 20, which for good coating quality is optimal Injector 6 in its vacuum region 28 or downstream of which additional air from one Additional air line 30 are supplied, which one Additional air outlet 32 of the control unit 2 with a Additional air inlet 33 of the injector 6 in terms of flow connects.

Das Pulver kann in der Sprühvorrichtung 8 entweder durch Reibung an einer Kanalwand oder, entsprechend Fig. 1 durch die Hochspannung einer Hochspannungselektrode 34 elektrostatisch aufgeladen werden, welche in der Sprühvorrichtung 8 im Strömungsweg des Pulvers angeordnet ist und von einem in die Sprühvorrichtung 8 integrierten Hochspannungserzeuger 36 Hochspannung erhält. Der Hochspannungserzeuger 36 erhält seine Niederspannungs-Versorungsspannung über eine elektrische Leitung 38, welche an ein einstellbares Potentiometer 40 des Steuergerätes 2 angeschlossen ist, so daß durch Verstellung des Potentiometers 40 die Hochspannung 34 ein- und ausgeschaltet sowie eingestellt werden kann.The powder can be in the spray device 8 either by friction on a duct wall or, accordingly Fig. 1 by the high voltage High voltage electrode 34 electrostatically charged be, which in the spray device 8 in Flow path of the powder is arranged and from a integrated into the spray device 8 High voltage generator 36 receives high voltage. Of the High voltage generator 36 receives its low voltage supply voltage via an electrical line 38, which is connected to an adjustable potentiometer 40 of the Control unit 2 is connected so that by Adjustment of the potentiometer 40, the high voltage 34 can be switched on and off and set.

Damit die Pulverpartikel an der Hochspannungselektrode 34 nicht haften und gegebenenfalls auch zur Übertragung von elektrischen Ladungen von der Hochspannungselektrode in den Pulverstrom, wird sie von Elektrodenluft einer Elektrodenluftleitung 42 umströmt, welche einen Elektrodenluftauslaß 44 des Steuergerätes 2 mit einem Elektrodenlufteinlaß 45 der Sprühvorrichtung 8 strömungsmäßig verbindet.So that the powder particles on the high voltage electrode 34 not liable and possibly also for transfer of electrical charges from the High voltage electrode in the powder stream, it is from Flows around an electrode air line 42, which has an electrode air outlet 44 of the control device 2 with an electrode air inlet 45 of the Spray device 8 connects in terms of flow.

Das Steuergerät 2 enthält in einem Gehäuse 46 zusätzlich zu dem Potentiometer 40 und den Druckluftauslässen 14, 32, 44: einen Druckluft-Zuleitungsanschluß 48, welcher über ein Druckeinstellelement 49, beispielsweise ein einstellbarer Druckregler oder ein einstellbares Druckreduzierventil, und ein Magnetventil 60 mit einem Druckluftauslaß dieses Magnetventils 60 verbindbar ist, wobei dieser Druckluftauslaß den internen Drucklufteinlaß 62 des Steuergeräts 2 bildet und immer nur dann mit dem Druckluft-Zuleitungsanschluß 48 strömungsmäßig verbunden ist, wenn das Magnetventil 60 von einem Hauptschalter 64 des Steuergerätes 2 eingeschaltet wird, wobei der Hauptschalter 64 gleichzeitig auch die Stromversorgung zu dem Potentiometer 40 einschaltet oder beim Abschalten des Magnetventils 60 gleichzeitig auch die Stromversorgung zum Potentiometer 40 abschaltet; einen Umschalter 66; ein von Hand einstellbares erstes Förderlufteinstellelement 68 in Form eines einstellbaren Druckreglers oder einer einstellbaren Strömungsdrossel; ein an den Förderluftauslaß 14 oder stromabwärts davon strömungsmäßig angeschlossenes Förderluftmeßgerät 70 (z.B. Druckmeßgerät und/oder Durchflußmeßgerät); ein von Hand einstellbares Zusatzlufteinstellelement 72 in Form eines einstellbaren Druckreglers, einer einstellbaren Strömungsdrossel, Proportionalregler oder Proportionalventil; ein automatisch oder ferngesteuert einstellbares zweites Förderlufteinstellelement 78 in Form eines einstellbaren Druckreglers oder einer einstellbaren Strömungsdrossel; ein ferngesteuertes oder automatisches erstes Zusatzlufteinstellelement 82; ein Gesamtluft-Druckflußmeßgerät 84, vorzugsweise ein Schwebekörper-Durchflußmeßgerät, in einer Druckluftzuleitung 86 zur Messung der Gesamtdruckluft bestehend aus Förderluft und Zusatzluft, welche vom internen Drucklufteinlaß 62 über die Druckluftzuleitung 86 zu einem Drucklufteinlaß "P" des Umschalters 66 strömt; ein Elektrodenluft-Einstellelement 88 in Form eines einstellbaren Druckreglers oder einer einstellbaren Strömungsdrossel; und ein Elektrodenluft-Durchflußmeßgerät 90, vorzugsweise ebenfalls ein Schwebekörper-Durchflußmeßgerät.Control unit 2 contains in a housing 46 in addition to the potentiometer 40 and the Compressed air outlets 14, 32, 44: a compressed air supply connection 48, which over a Pressure setting element 49, for example a adjustable pressure regulator or an adjustable one Pressure reducing valve, and a solenoid valve 60 with one Compressed air outlet of this solenoid valve 60 can be connected, this compressed air outlet the internal Compressed air inlet 62 of the control unit 2 forms and always only with the compressed air supply connection 48 is fluidly connected when the solenoid valve 60 from a main switch 64 of the control unit 2 is turned on with the main switch 64 at the same time the power supply to the Potentiometer 40 turns on or when the Solenoid valve 60 also simultaneously the power supply switches off to potentiometer 40; a switch 66; a manually adjustable first Delivery air adjusting element 68 in the form of a adjustable pressure regulator or an adjustable Flow restrictor; one to the delivery air outlet 14 or downstream connected by flow Conveying air measuring device 70 (e.g. pressure measuring device and / or Flow meter); a manually adjustable Additional air setting element 72 in the form of a adjustable pressure regulator, an adjustable Flow restrictor, proportional regulator or Proportional valve; an automatic or remote controlled adjustable second conveying air setting element 78 in Form of an adjustable pressure regulator or adjustable flow restrictor; a remote controlled or automatic first additional air setting element 82; a total air pressure flow meter 84, preferably a Variable area flowmeter, in one Compressed air supply line 86 for measuring the total compressed air consisting of conveying air and additional air, which from internal compressed air inlet 62 via the compressed air supply line 86 to a compressed air inlet "P" of the switch 66 flows; an electrode air adjusting member 88 in the form an adjustable pressure regulator or one adjustable flow restrictor; and an electrode air flow meter 90, preferably also a Variable area flowmeter.

Der Umschalter 66 kann von Hand oder ferngesteuert von der elektronischen (oder pneumatischen oder hydraulischen) Steuervorrichtung 4 wahlweise zwischen einer Handbetrieb-Stellung und einer Automatikbetrieb-Stellung umgeschaltet werden. Der Umschalter 66 verbindet seinen Drucklufteinlaß "P" in der Handbetrieb-Stellung mit einem Druckluftauslaß "H", und in seiner Automatikbetrieb-Stellung mit einem Druckluftauslaß "A". Ein Elektrodenluft-Strömungsweg 92 führt vom internen Drucklufteinlaß 62 über den Elektrodenluft-Durchflußmesser 90 und danach über das Elektrodenluft-Einstellelement 88 zum Elektrodenluft-Auslaß 44, unabhängig von dem Umschalter 66. Gemäß einer nicht dargestellten anderen Ausführungsform könnte die Elektrodenluft auch über den Umschalter 66 geführt werden und dann vom Umschalter 66 einschaltbar und ausschaltbar sein.The switch 66 can be operated manually or remotely the electronic (or pneumatic or hydraulic) control device 4 optionally between a manual mode position and an automatic mode position can be switched. The switch 66 connects its compressed air inlet "P" in the Manual operation position with a compressed air outlet "H", and in its automatic mode with one Air outlet "A". An electrode air flow path 92 leads from the internal compressed air inlet 62 over the Electrode air flow meter 90 and then over that Electrode air adjusting member 88 for the electrode air outlet 44, regardless of the switch 66. According to another embodiment, not shown the electrode air could also be via the changeover switch 66 be performed and then switched on by the switch 66 and be switchable.

Ein erster Förderluftweg 94 führt von einer Handbetrieb-Druckluftleitung 95, welche an den Handbetrieb-Druckluftauslaß "H" des Umschalters 66 angeschlossen ist, über das Hand-Förderlufteinstellelement 68 und ein erstes Oder-Ventil 96 zum Förderluftauslaß 14. Ein zweiter Förderluftweg 98 für Automatikbetrieb führt vom Automatik-Druckluftauslaß "A" des Umschalters 66 über eine Automatikbetrieb-Druckluftleitung 99 zum Automatik-Förderlufteinstellelement 78 und dann über das erste Oder-Ventil 96 zum Förderluftauslaß 14. Das erste Oder-Ventil 96 wird vom Förderluftdruck automatisch umgeschaltet, so daß es von den beiden Förderluftwegen 94 und 98 jeweils nur den Förderluftweg mit dem Förderluftauslaß 14 verbindet, in welchem Förderluft zugeführt wird, während das Oder-Ventil 96 gleichzeitig den Einlaß des betreffenden anderen Förderluftweges 98 oder 94 verschließt.A first conveying air path 94 leads from one Manual operation compressed air line 95, which to the Manual operation compressed air outlet "H" of switch 66 is connected via the manual delivery air setting element 68 and a first OR valve 96 to the delivery air outlet 14. A second delivery air path 98 for automatic operation leads from the automatic compressed air outlet "A" of the switch 66 over a Automatic operation compressed air line 99 for Automatic conveying air setting element 78 and then over the first OR valve 96 to the delivery air outlet 14. Das first OR valve 96 is from the delivery air pressure automatically switched so that it from the two Conveying airways 94 and 98 only the conveying airway connects to the delivery air outlet 14, in which Conveying air is supplied while the OR valve 96 at the same time admission of the other concerned Conveying airway 98 or 94 closes.

Ein erster Zusatzluftweg 100 für Handbetrieb führt von der Handbetriebs-Druckluftleitung 95, welche an den Handbetrieb-Druckluftauslaß "H" des Umschalters 66 angeschlossen ist, über das erste Zusatzluft-Einstellelement 72 für Handbetrieb zu einem ersten Drucklufteinlaß eines zweiten Oder-Ventils 102 und von dessen Druckluftauslaß zum Zusatzluftauslaß 32. Ein zweiter Zusatzluftweg 104 führt von der Automatikbetrieb-Druckluftleitung 99, welche an den Automatikbetrieb-Druckluftauslaß "A" des Umschalters 66 angeschlossen ist, über das zweite Zusatzlufteinstellelement 82 für Automatikbetrieb zu einem zweiten Drucklufteinlaß des zweiten Oder-Ventils 102 und von dessen Druckluftauslaß ebenfalls zum Zusatzluftauslaß 32. Das zweite Oder-Ventil 102 verbindet jeweils nur denjenigen der beiden Zusatzluftwege 100 oder 104 mit dem Zusatzluftauslaß 32, in welchem Zusatzluft gefördert wird, während dieses zweite Oder-Ventil 102 seinen Drucklufteinlaß für den betreffenden anderen Zusatzluftweg 104 oder 102 verschließt. A first additional airway 100 for manual operation leads from the manual operation compressed air line 95, which to the Manual operation compressed air outlet "H" of switch 66 is connected via the first additional air setting element 72 for manual operation to a first Air inlet of a second OR valve 102 and whose compressed air outlet to the auxiliary air outlet 32nd second additional airway 104 leads from the Automatic operation compressed air line 99, which to the Automatic operation compressed air outlet "A" of switch 66 is connected via the second Additional air setting element 82 for automatic operation too a second compressed air inlet of the second OR valve 102 and from its compressed air outlet also to Auxiliary air outlet 32. The second OR valve 102 connects only that of the two Additional airways 100 or 104 with the additional air outlet 32, in which additional air is conveyed during this second OR valve 102 has its compressed air inlet for the other additional airway 104 or 102 in question closes.

Dadurch sind zwei verschiedene Betriebsarten möglich, entweder Handbetrieb oder Automatikbetrieb.This enables two different operating modes, either manual or automatic.

Handbetrieb: In Fig. 2 sind die bei Handbetrieb von Druckluft durchströmten Leitungen durch zusätzliche strichpunktierte Linien markiert. Der Umschalter 66 steht auf Handbetrieb, so daß Druckluft vom internen Drucklufteinlaß 62 über die Druckluftzuleitung 86 nur zum Handbetrieb-Druckluftauslaß "H" des Umschalters 66 gelangen kann, jedoch nicht zu dessen Automatikbetrieb-Druckluftauslaß "A". Dadurch strömt die Förderluft nur über das erste Hand-Förderlufteinstellelement 68 zum Förderluftauslaß 14, jedoch nicht über das zweite Automatik-Förderlufteinstellelement 78. Die Zusatzluft strömt nur über das erste Handbetrieb-Zusatzlufteinstellelement 72 zum Zusatzluftauslaß 32, jedoch nicht über das zweite Automatikbetrieb-Zusatzlufteinstellelement 82. Der Umschalter 66 kann von Hand oder durch die übergeordnete Steuervorrichtung 4 von Automatikbetrieb auf Handbetrieb oder umgekehrt eingestellt werden, wobei es möglich ist, den Umschalter 66 von Hand in eine andere Stellung, insbesondere in die Automatikbetriebsstellung umzuschalten, auch wenn die übergeordnete Steuervorrichtung 4 Handbetrieb fordert. Die Grundstellung des Umschalters 66 ist Handbetrieb. Dies ist für den Fall einer Störung der Steuervorrichtung 4 von Vorteil. Manual operation: In Fig. 2 are the manual operation of Compressed air flows through additional lines dash-dotted lines marked. The switch 66 is in manual mode so that compressed air from the internal Compressed air inlet 62 via the compressed air supply line 86 only to manual operation compressed air outlet "H" of switch 66 can reach, but not to its automatic mode compressed air outlet "A". As a result, the conveying air only flows via the first manual conveying air setting element 68 to Delivery air outlet 14, but not over the second Automatic conveying air setting element 78. The additional air flows only through the first manual operation additional air setting element 72 to the additional air outlet 32, but not via the second automatic mode additional air setting element 82. The switch 66 can by hand or by the higher-level control device 4 from automatic mode to manual mode or vice versa can be set, it is possible to set the Switch 66 manually into another position, especially in the automatic operating position toggle even if the parent Control device 4 manual operation calls. The The basic position of the switch 66 is manual. This is in the event of a fault in the control device 4 advantageous.

Automatikbetrieb: Bei Automatikbetrieb gemäß Fig. 3 ist der Umschalter 66 auf Automatikbetrieb umgeschaltet, so daß Druckluft vom internen Drucklufteinlaß 62 über die Druckluftzuleitung 86 vom Umschalter-Drucklufteinlaß "P" nur zum Automatikbetrieb-Druckluftauslaß "A" des Umschalters 66 gelangen kann, jedoch nicht zu dessen Handbetrieb-Druckluftauslaß "H". Die bei Automatikbetrieb von Druckluft durchströmten Leitungen sind durch eine ihnen hinzugefügte gestrichelte Linie markiert. Bei Automatikbetrieb kann Förderluft nur über das Automatikbetrieb-Förderlufteinstellelement 78 des zweiten Förderluftweges 98 zum Förderluftauslaß 14 gelangen, jedoch nicht über das Handbetrieb-Förderlufteinstellelement 68 des ersten Förderluftweges 94. Zusatzluft kann nur über das Automatikbetrieb-Zusatzlufteinstellelement 82 des zweiten Zusatzluftweges 104 zum Zusatzluftauslaß gelangen, jedoch nicht durch das Handbetrieb-Zusatzlufteinstellelement 72 des ersten Zusatzluftweges 100. Das Automatikbetrieb-Förderlufteinstellelement 78 ist über eine elektrische (pneumatische oder hydraulische) Leitung 106 an die Steuervorrichtung 4 angeschlossen und wird von ihr gesteuert, um den Druck und die Durchflußmenge der Förderluft einzustellen und/oder zu regeln, in Abhängigkeit von der Art des zu beschichtenden Objektes und/oder von der Art des verwendeten Beschichtungspulvers und/oder der Fördergeschwindigkeit der Objekte. Das Automatikbetrieb-Zusatzlufteinstellelement 82 ist über eine zweite elektrische (pneumatische oder hydraulische) Leitung 108 ebenfalls an die Steuervorrichtung 4 angeschlossen und wird von ihr betätigt und/oder geregelt in Abhängigkeit von der Art und/oder der Fördergeschwindigkeit des zu beschichtenden Objektes und/oder von der Art des verwendeten Beschichtungspulvers. Die verwendete Art des Beschichtungspulvers kann der Steuervorrichtung 4 von Hand eingegeben oder durch ein Computerprogramm von einem internen Speicher abgerufen werden. Die Art des Objektes 24, welches beschichtet werden soll, kann der Elektrodensteuervorrichtung von Hand eingegeben werden oder durch ein Computerprogramm von einem internen Speicher abgerufen werden oder von einem Objekterkennungs-Sensor 110 signalisiert werden, welcher neben dem Bewegungsweg des zu beschichtenden Objektes 24 angeordnet ist und der Steuervorrichtung 4 meldet, ob ein Objekt 24 vorhanden ist und/oder von welcher Art es ist. Die Steuervorrichtung 4 kann ein Computerprogramm enthalten, welches nach einem vorbestimmten Programmablauf den genannten Speichern die Daten abruft, welche für die Beschichtung eines bestimmten Objekts benötigt werden.Automatic mode: In automatic mode according to FIG. 3 the switch 66 switched to automatic mode, see above that compressed air from the internal compressed air inlet 62 via the Compressed air supply line 86 from the switch compressed air inlet "P" only for automatic operation compressed air outlet "A" of the Switch 66 can reach, but not to it Manual air outlet "H". The at Automatic operation of lines through which compressed air flows are by a dashed line added to them marked. In automatic mode, conveying air can only be the automatic mode conveying air setting element 78 of the second delivery air path 98 to the delivery air outlet 14 reach, but not via the manual operation of the conveying air setting element 68 of the first conveyor airway 94. Additional air can only be operated via the automatic mode additional air setting element 82 of the second Additional air path 104 to the additional air outlet, but not through the manual operation additional air setting element 72 of the first additional airway 100. The automatic mode conveying air adjusting element 78 is via an electrical (pneumatic or hydraulic) line 106 to the control device 4 connected and controlled by her to the pressure and adjust the flow rate of the conveying air and / or regulate, depending on the type of coating object and / or of the type of coating powder used and / or the Conveying speed of the objects. The Automatic operation additional air setting element 82 is over a second electrical (pneumatic or hydraulic) line 108 also to the Control device 4 connected and is by her actuated and / or regulated depending on the type and / or the conveying speed of the coating object and / or of the type of coating powder used. The type used of the coating powder can the control device 4th entered manually or by a computer program from internal memory. The type of Object 24, which is to be coated, can Electrode control device can be entered manually or by a computer program from an internal Memory can be accessed or from a Object detection sensor 110 are signaled, which besides the path of movement of the to be coated Object 24 is arranged and the control device 4th reports whether an object 24 is present and / or from what kind it is. The control device 4 can be a Computer program included, which after a predetermined program flow the said memories retrieves the data required for coating a certain object are needed.

Die Sprühvorrichtung 8 kann das Beschichtungspulver durch Düsenwirkung oder durch Verwendung eines Rotationkopfes zerstäuben.The spray device 8 can the coating powder by nozzle action or by using a Atomize the rotary head.

Anstelle von nur einer Sprühvorrichtung 8 können mehrere Sprühvorrichtungen 8 an den Förderluftauslaß 14, den Zusatzluftauslaß 32 und den Elektrodenluftauslaß 44 angeschlossen sein. Ferner ist es möglich, an die Steuervorrichtung 4 mehrere Steuergeräte 2 anzuschließen, beispielsweise ist in Fig. 1 ein zweites Steuergerät 2.2 schematisch dargestellt, welches gleich ausgebildet ist wie das beschriebene Steuergerät 2 und über entsprechende Leitungen 106.2, 108.2 und 109.2 mit der Steuervorrichtung 4 verbunden ist, um dadurch weitere Sprühvorrichtungen 8 mit Druckluft zu versorgen. Die Umschalter 66 von allen Steuergeräten 2 und 2.2 usw. sind je über einen eigenen Steuerleitungsstrang 109 oder 109.2 usw. mit der Steuervorrichtung 4 verbunden.Instead of only one spray device 8 can several spray devices 8 to the delivery air outlet 14, the additional air outlet 32 and the Electrode air outlet 44 may be connected. Further is it is possible to connect several to the control device 4 Connect control units 2, for example in Fig. 1 shows a second control device 2.2 schematically shown, which is the same design as that described control unit 2 and corresponding Lines 106.2, 108.2 and 109.2 with the Control device 4 is connected to thereby further To supply spray devices 8 with compressed air. The Switch 66 of all control units 2 and 2.2 etc. are each on their own control wiring harness 109 or 109.2 etc. connected to the control device 4.

Die in Fig. 4 dargestellte weitere Ausführungsform einer Pulversprühbeschichtungsvorrichtung nach der Erfindung ist im Prinzip gleich wie die in Fig. 1 dargestellte Ausführungsform, wobei lediglich anstelle eines einzigen Umschalters 66 zwei Umschalter 66.1 und 66.2 vorgesehen sind, je einer 66.1 für die Förderluft und einer 66.2 für die Zusatzluft. Die übrigen Elemente und alle Funktionen sind gleich wie bei der Pulver-Sprühbeschichtungsvorrichtung von Fig. 1, weshalb gleiche Teile mit gleichen Bezugszahlen versehen sind und Einzelheiten nicht im einzelnen beschrieben werden. Einige identische Teile von Fig.l sind in Fig. 4 nicht dargestellt, jedoch auch in der Praxis bei Fig. 4 vorhanden. Bei Handbetrieb strömt die Förderluft nacheinander durch folgende Elemente: Interner Drucklufteinlaß 62, Gesamtluft-Durchflußmeßgerät 84, Druckluftzuleitung 86, Förderluft-Umschalter 66.1, Handbetrieb-Förderlufteinstellelement 68, erstes Oder-Ventil 96, Förderluft-Auslaß 14, Injektor 6, Sprühvorrichtung 8. Bei Automatikbetrieb strömt die Förderluft nacheinander durch folgende Elemente: Interner Drucklufteinlaß 62, Gesamtluft-Durchflußmeßgerät 84, Druckluftzuleitung 86, Förderluft-Umschalter 66.1, Automatikbetrieb-Förderlufteinstellelement 78, erstes Oder-Ventil 96, Förderluftauslaß 14, Injektor 6, Sprühvorrichtung 8. In ähnlicher Weise strömt die Zusatzluft bei Handbetrieb nacheinander durch folgende Elemente: Interner Drucklufteinlaß 62, Gesamtluft-Durchflußmeßgerät 84, Druckluftzuleitung 86, Zusatzluft-Umschalter 66.2, Handbetrieb-Zuzatzlufteinstellelement 72, zweites Oder-Ventil 102, Zusatzluftauslaß 32, Injektor 6, Sprühvorrichtung 8. Diese Zusatzluft strömt bei Automatikbetrieb nacheinander durch folgende Elemente: Interner Drucklufteinlaß 62, Gesamtluft-Durchflußmeßgerät 84, Druckluftzuleitung 86, Zusatzluft-Umschalter 66.2, Automatikbetriebs-Zusatzlufteinstellelement 82, zweites Oder-Ventil 102, Zusatzluftauslaß 32, Injektor 6, Sprühvorrichtung 8.The further embodiment shown in Fig. 4 a powder spray coating device according to the In principle, the invention is the same as that in FIG. 1 illustrated embodiment, only instead a single switch 66 two switches 66.1 and 66.2 are provided, one 66.1 each for the conveying air and a 66.2 for the additional air. The remaining elements and all functions are the same as the powder spray coater of Fig. 1, why identical parts are provided with the same reference numbers and details are not described in detail. Some identical parts of Fig.l are not in Fig. 4 shown, but also in practice in Fig. 4th available. The conveying air flows in manual mode one after the other by the following elements: internal Compressed air inlet 62, total air flow meter 84, Compressed air supply line 86, conveying air switch 66.1, Manual operation conveying air setting element 68, first OR valve 96, conveying air outlet 14, injector 6, Spraying device 8. The flow in automatic mode Conveying air in succession through the following elements: Internal air inlet 62, total air flow meter 84, compressed air supply line 86, Conveying air switch 66.1, automatic mode conveying air setting element 78, first OR valve 96, Delivery air outlet 14, injector 6, spray device 8. In Similarly, the auxiliary air flows in manual mode one after the other by the following elements: internal Compressed air inlet 62, total air flow meter 84, Compressed air supply line 86, additional air switch 66.2, Manual operation additional air setting element 72, second OR valve 102, auxiliary air outlet 32, injector 6, Spraying device 8. This additional air flows in Automatic operation in succession through the following elements: Internal air inlet 62, total air flow meter 84, compressed air supply line 86, Auxiliary air switch 66.2, automatic operating auxiliary air setting element 82, second OR valve 102, Auxiliary air outlet 32, injector 6, spray device 8.

Bei allen Ausführungsformen können anstelle der beiden Oder-Ventile 96 und 102 auch andere Elemente verwendet werden, welche wie eine umschaltbare Strömungsweiche funktionieren, durch welche jeweils nur einer von zwei Drucklufteingängen mit einem Druckluftausgang verbunden werden kann. Die Oder-Ventile 96 und 102, und vorzugsweise auch stattdessen verwendete andere umschaltbare Strömungsweichen, sind vorzugsweise derart ausgebildet, daß sie von dem Druck der Druckluft automatisch umgeschaltet werden, welche von einem Einlaß zu einem Auslaß der Strömungsweiche weitergeleitet werden soll, während gleichzeitig der betreffende andere, mit dem Auslaß verbindbare Einlaß der Strömungsweiche, verschlossen wird.In all embodiments, instead of the two Or valves 96 and 102 also use other elements which are like a switchable flow switch work, by which only one out of two Compressed air inlets connected to a compressed air outlet can be. The OR valves 96 and 102, and preferably others used instead switchable flow switches are preferably such trained to be from the pressure of the compressed air are automatically switched, which one Inlet to an outlet of the flow switch to be forwarded while the relevant other inlet connectable to the outlet the flow switch is closed.

Alle elektrischen Elemente, Funktionen und Signale können durch entsprechende pneumatische oder hydraulische Elemente, Funktionen oder Signale ersetzt werden. Der Sensor 110 kann derart ausgebildet sein, daß er der Steuervorrichtung 4 die Fördergeschwindigkeit der Objekte 24 meldet.All electrical elements, functions and signals can by appropriate pneumatic or hydraulic elements, functions or signals replaced become. The sensor 110 can be designed such that he the control device 4 the Conveying speed of objects 24 reports.

Das Anschließen des Förderluftmeßgerätes 70 (z.B. zur Druckmessung und/oder Strömungsgeschwindigkeitsmessung und/oder Messung der Durchflußrate pro Zeiteinheit und/oder Gesamtdurchfluß-Mengenmessung) an den Förderluftauslaß 14 oder stromabwärts davon hat den Vorteil, daß für Handbetrieb und Automatikbetrieb insgesamt nur ein einziges solches Gerät benötigt wird. Das gleiche gilt für die Zusatzluft, wenn ein entsprechendes Zusatzluftmeßgerät 70 an den Zusatzluftauslaß 32 oder stromabwärts davon angeschlossen wird.The connection of the conveying air measuring device 70 (e.g. for Pressure measurement and / or flow velocity measurement and / or measuring the flow rate per unit of time and / or total flow rate measurement) to the Delivery air outlet 14 or downstream thereof has the Advantage that for manual and automatic operation overall only one such device is required. The same applies to the additional air if one corresponding additional air meter 70 to the Auxiliary air outlet 32 or downstream thereof is connected.

Claims (10)

  1. Powder spray-coating device containing at least one control unit (2, 2.2), which has the following features: a delivery-air outlet (14), to which a delivery-air line (12) for feeding delivery air to an injector delivery pump (6) can be connected in order to deliver coating powder pneumatically to a spraying device (8); a first delivery-air path (94) which leads to the delivery-air outlet (14); a manually actuatable first delivery-air adjusting element (68) in the first delivery-air path (94), with the aid of which adjusting element (68) the delivery air at the delivery-air outlet (14) can be adjusted with respect to its pressure and/or flow-quantity per unit of time; a second delivery-air path (98) which likewise leads to the delivery-air outlet (14); and a second delivery-air adjusting element (78) in the second delivery-air path (98), which adjusting element (78) can be actuated automatically by a control device (4),
    characterised by
    a switching-over device (66; 66.1, 66.2) between a compressed-air supply line (86) and the two delivery-air paths (94, 98), with the aid of which switching-over device the compressed-air supply line (86) can be connected, selectively, to the first delivery-air path (94) or to the second delivery-air path (98) upstream, in each case, of their delivery-air adjusting element (68, 78).
  2. Powder spray-coating device according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the control unit (2, 2.2) also contains: an additional- air outlet (32) to which an additional-air inlet (33) on the injector delivery pump (6) can be connected via an additional-air line (30); a first additional-air path (100) which leads to the additional-air outlet (32); a manually adjustable first additional-air adjusting element (72) in the first additional-air path (100), with the aid of which adjusting element (72) additional air at the additional-air outlet can be adjusted with respect to its pressure and/or its flow-quantity per unit of time; a second additional-air path (104) which likewise leads to the additional-air outlet (32); a second additional-air adjusting element (82) in the second additional-air path (104), which adjusting element (82) can be actuated automatically by the control device (4), for the adjustment of the additional air with respect to its pressure and/or its flow-quantity per unit of time through the control device (4); the switching-over device (66; 66.1, 66.2) also being disposed between the compressed-air supply line (86) and the two additional-air paths (100, 104) in order to connect the compressed-air supply line (86), selectively, to the first additional-air path (100) or to the second additional-air path (104) upstream, in each case, of their additional-air adjusting elements (72, 82).
  3. Powder spray-coating device according to claim 2,
    characterised in that
    the first delivery-air path (94) is connected flow-wise, upstream of its manually adjustable first delivery-air adjusting element (68), to a first compressed-air outlet (H) for manual operation, and the additional-air path (100) is likewise connected flow-wise, upstream of its manually adjustable first additional-air adjusting element (72), to the first compressed-air outlet (H) for manual operation of the switching-over device (66); and that the second delivery-air path (98) is connected flow-wise, upstream of its automatically adjustable delivery-air adjusting element (78), to a second compressed-air outlet (A) for automatic operation of the changing-over device (66), and so too is the second additional-air path (104), upstream of its automatically adjustable additional-air adjusting element (82).
  4. Powder spray-coating device according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    there is disposed in the compressed-air supply line (86) a through-flow measuring instrument (84) for optical or acoustic indication of the overall air flow-quantity per unit of time, containing the delivery air and the additional air.
  5. Powder spray-coating device according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the delivery-air paths (94, 98) can be alternatively connected to the delivery-air outlet (14), downstream of their delivery-air adjusting elements (68, 78), via a flow-diverter (96) which can be switched over automatically by the delivery air.
  6. Powder spray-coating device according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the two additional-air paths (100, 104) can be alternatively connected to the additional-air outlet (32), downstream of their additional-air adjusting elements (72, 82), via a flow-diverter which can be switched over and which is controlled by the additional air itself.
  7. Powder spray-coating device according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    at least two of the aforesaid control units (2; 2.2) are connected to the automatic control device (4) in order to be controlled by it.
  8. Powder spray-coating device according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    there is connected to the automatic control device (4) an object sensor (110) for distinguishing the objects to be coated, in dependence upon the sensor signals from which the control device (4) controls or regulates the control unit (2, 2.2).
  9. Powder spray-coating device according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    a delivery-air measuring instrument (70) for measuring the delivery air, both during manual operation and also during automatic operation, is connected to the delivery-air outlet (14).
  10. Powder spray-coating device according to claim 1 or 2,
    characterised in that
    the switching-over device has a change-over switch (66.1) for the delivery air and a change-over switch (66.2) for the additional air.
EP96115438A 1995-12-23 1996-09-26 Powder spray coating device Expired - Lifetime EP0780160B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19548607 1995-12-23
DE19548607A DE19548607A1 (en) 1995-12-23 1995-12-23 Powder spray coater

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EP0780160A1 EP0780160A1 (en) 1997-06-25
EP0780160B1 true EP0780160B1 (en) 1999-12-22

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AT (1) ATE187903T1 (en)
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ATE187903T1 (en) 2000-01-15
DE59603977D1 (en) 2000-01-27
CA2193192A1 (en) 1997-06-24
EP0780160A1 (en) 1997-06-25
US5776249A (en) 1998-07-07
CA2193192C (en) 2000-02-22

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