EP0770821A2 - Method and apparatus for simultaneous disposal of finely divided bulk goods and other waste in thermal treatment plants - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for simultaneous disposal of finely divided bulk goods and other waste in thermal treatment plants Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0770821A2
EP0770821A2 EP96117012A EP96117012A EP0770821A2 EP 0770821 A2 EP0770821 A2 EP 0770821A2 EP 96117012 A EP96117012 A EP 96117012A EP 96117012 A EP96117012 A EP 96117012A EP 0770821 A2 EP0770821 A2 EP 0770821A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner
bulk goods
lance
waste
flame
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP96117012A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0770821B1 (en
EP0770821A3 (en
Inventor
Wilfried Dipl.-Ing. Lissack
Holger Schöne
Frank-Michael Dr.-Ing. Müller
Hans-Georg Rückel
Norbert Dipl.-Ing. Hopf (Fh)
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Linde GmbH
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Linde GmbH
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Publication of EP0770821A3 publication Critical patent/EP0770821A3/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/085—High-temperature heating means, e.g. plasma, for partly melting the waste
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/006—General arrangement of incineration plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/008—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor adapted for burning two or more kinds, e.g. liquid and solid, of waste being fed through separate inlets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/60—Separating
    • F23G2201/602—Separating different sizes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/70—Blending
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2202/00—Combustion
    • F23G2202/20—Combustion to temperatures melting waste
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2203/00—Furnace arrangements
    • F23G2203/20—Rotary drum furnace
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2205/00—Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G2205/20—Waste feed arrangements using airblast or pneumatic feeding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2209/00—Specific waste
    • F23G2209/28—Plastics or rubber like materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2209/00—Specific waste
    • F23G2209/30—Solid combustion residues, e.g. bottom or flyash
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2219/00—Treatment devices
    • F23J2219/30—Sorption devices using carbon, e.g. coke

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the simultaneous disposal of fine-grained, in particular dusty, bulk goods and other wastes in a thermal treatment stage, in particular in the combustion chamber of a waste incineration plant, and an apparatus for carrying out the method.
  • Fine-grained, in particular dusty, pollutant-containing bulk goods occur in many production processes. Such dusts arise, for example, in dust separators of flue gas cleaning systems, such as. B. plastic dust and wood shavings, or as a consumed adsorbent in flue gas cleaning processes, such as. B. activated carbon, lime and activated carbon-lime mixtures.
  • a characteristic of this type of waste is the fact that it is produced as secondary products of the respective large-scale industrial process in relatively small quantities and is therefore mostly handled in containers (usually 200 I-drums, maximum silo vehicle). The majority of these bulk goods must be disposed of thermally (by burning or gasification) due to their degree of contamination.
  • the bulk goods are usually emptied into a storage bunker of a waste treatment plant and introduced with other waste in the storage bunker via a gripper into the respective combustion device (e.g. rotary tube or grate furnace).
  • a gripper e.g. rotary tube or grate furnace.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method of the type mentioned at the outset and an apparatus for carrying out the method, by means of which the bulk materials can be disposed of economically while largely avoiding dust emissions.
  • This object is achieved on the process side according to the invention in that the fine-grained bulk goods are fed separately from all other waste to the treatment stage, the fine-grained bulk goods being fed via a separate feed to a burner arranged in the treatment stage and containing technically pure oxygen or a gas having a higher oxygen content than air is operated, and / or at least one lance which is supplied with technically pure oxygen or a gas which has a higher oxygen content than air is fed into the treatment stage and directly into the flame of the burner and / or the lance be introduced.
  • Bulk goods with a grain size of less than 0.5 mm, preferably less than 0.1 mm, particularly preferably less than 0.05 mm are advantageously used.
  • the bulk goods are preferably conveyed pneumatically through the feed into the flame of the burner and / or the lance.
  • the bulk materials are expediently introduced into the flame of the burner and / or the lance by blowing in a gas.
  • Low-nitrogen gases are preferably used, as a result of which excessive nitrogen oxide formation is avoided.
  • a fuel gas in particular natural gas, propane or butane, can also be used.
  • contaminated gas is e.g. B. from landfills or polluted exhaust air z. B. from tank systems for blowing bulk materials into the flame.
  • gases must be disposed of anyway, so that two disposal problems, or when using substances to be disposed of as additives, such as, for example, by simultaneous treatment with the bulk materials.
  • B. sewage sludge or pyrolysis residues, even three disposal problems can be solved simultaneously.
  • a dispersing and metering device as described in DE 42 25 483 C2, is preferably used to blow the bulk goods into the flame of the burner and / or the lance.
  • the bulk goods are introduced into the flame of the burner and / or the lance in the area of the thermal treatment stage, where the other wastes are introduced into the thermal treatment stage. Since many dusts, e.g. B. plastic dusts have a high calorific value, is achieved in that high temperatures prevail at the beginning of the thermal treatment of the materials, as a result of which the thermal treatment works more effectively overall.
  • many dusts e.g. B. plastic dusts have a high calorific value
  • a small burner operated with oxygen or an oxygen-enriched gas is sufficient for the combustion and / or melting of the bulk goods, as a result of which a serious shift in the temperature profile in the thermal treatment stage is excluded. Due to the use of oxygen or an oxygen-enriched gas, only low exhaust gas volume flows occur at high combustion temperatures. This means that the cleaning of the exhaust gases drawn off from the thermal treatment stage is hardly additionally burdened by the integrated dust treatment in the thermal treatment stage.
  • the technical oxygen is expediently produced on site in an air separator or a pressure swing adsorption system (PSA system) or made available in a storage tank.
  • PSA system pressure swing adsorption system
  • the bulk materials are preferably completely burned in the flame of the burner and / or the lance at temperatures of approximately 1,250 to approximately 1,500 ° C. and at ambient pressure.
  • the bulk materials can also be only partially oxidized in the flame, e.g. B. be subjected to gasification. There is also the option of melting the bulk goods in the flame or making thermal changes to the bulk goods.
  • Bulk materials with a high calorific value are preferred, in particular activated coke, plastic dust or shredder waste.
  • low calorific value waste or residual materials in particular lime or activated carbon-lime mixtures, are also mixed into the bulk goods.
  • Bulk materials with high calorific values can also be burned or melted in the flame even low-energy fine-grained, preferably contaminated waste or residues.
  • a device for carrying out the method consists of a thermal treatment device, in particular a furnace of a waste incineration plant, which has at least one feed device for the waste.
  • the object is achieved in that separate feed devices are provided for the fine-grained bulk goods on the one hand and the other wastes on the other hand, the feed device for the fine-grained bulk goods being connected to a burner arranged within the treatment device and / or at least one lance ending within the treatment device which is connected to a supply device for technically pure oxygen or a gas having a higher oxygen content than air.
  • the thermal treatment device is preferably designed as an incinerator.
  • the incineration plant expediently has grate firing, for example the incineration plant can be designed as a conventional waste incineration plant which works according to the steam-power process.
  • the treatment device can also be designed as a rotary kiln or as a combustion chamber.
  • the burner is preferably arranged in the vicinity of the feed device for the other waste and / or the lance ends in the vicinity of the feed device. Since the bulk goods (e.g. plastic dusts or activated carbon) often have a high calorific value, high temperatures are already reached in the entrance area of the treatment facility, which increases the overall effectiveness of the thermal treatment.
  • the bulk goods e.g. plastic dusts or activated carbon
  • the feed device for the fine-grained bulk goods is expediently designed as a line which is connected to a pneumatic conveying device which conveys the bulk goods directly through the line into the flame of the burner without dust emissions.
  • the burner and / or the lance is preceded by a metering device according to DE 42 25 483 C2.
  • the feed device for the bulk goods is connected to a storage container for a low calorific value waste or residual material.
  • a storage container for a low calorific value waste or residual material Basically, all non-combustible dusts that need to be treated are suitable as low calorific value waste or residues.
  • the method according to the invention and the device provided for carrying out the method are suitable for the treatment of all conceivable fine-grained bulk materials, in particular of polluted dusts, e.g. B. plastic dust, wood shavings or used adsorbent from flue gas cleaning processes such. B. activated carbon, lime, lime-activated carbon mixtures, etc.
  • B. activated carbon, lime, lime-activated carbon mixtures, etc. With the invention, such bulk goods can be disposed of without significant dust emissions in an economical manner.
  • the device according to the invention can easily be retrofitted in already existing plants for the thermal treatment of substances, in particular in conventional waste incineration plants.
  • Waste incineration plants that have grate firing and work according to the steam-power process are particularly suitable for retrofitting existing plants.
  • Rotary kilns, for. B. of special waste incineration plants are suitable for retrofitting.
  • use of the invention in special combustion chambers is conceivable.
  • the figure shows the flow diagram of a waste incineration plant with integrated activated carbon disposal.
  • a combustion chamber of a waste incineration plant which works according to the usual steam power process. Waste to be incinerated, in particular special waste, is fed to the combustion chamber 1 of the waste incineration plant via a feed 2.
  • the combustion chamber 1 of the waste incineration plant has a grate furnace, not shown in the figure.
  • solid and / or molten combustion particles are formed, which are deposited as slag in a part of the combustion chamber 1 facing away from the waste supply 2.
  • the slag is discharged from the combustion chamber 1 together with the other solid combustion residues via a fume hood 3.
  • Combustion gases produced during combustion of the waste materials in the combustion chamber 1 are fed to a flue gas cleaning system 6 via an exhaust gas line 5.
  • the flue gas cleaning 6 functions as a pollutant sink in the entire combustion process.
  • the exhaust gas is then fed via exhaust line 8 to an adsorption stage 9 which acts as a police filter and in which fine-grained activated carbon is used for the adsorption of environmentally relevant gas constituents.
  • the cleaned exhaust gas finally leaves the system via line 10.
  • a screening device 16 provides for the separation of coarse-grained components, which are introduced directly into the combustion chamber 1 of the waste incineration system via line 17 together with the waste supplied via line 2.
  • the fine-grained fractions are fed in by means of a funnel 18 to a screw conveyor 19, which feeds the fine-grained bulk goods to a bulk material throttle device 20, which is constructed according to DE 42 25 483 C2.
  • the bulk material throttle device 20 dispenses the fine-grained bulk goods into a feed line 21, via which the bulk goods are conducted to the combustion chamber 1 of the waste incineration plant.
  • a solid fuel burner 11 is arranged on the waste entry side of the combustion chamber 1.
  • the solid fuel burner 11 is with technically pure oxygen, which in one Liquid oxygen tank, not shown, is provided and supplied to the burner via an oxygen line 12.
  • the dusts are completely burned at a temperature of approximately 1,350 ° C. and ambient pressure within the combustion chamber 1 of the waste incineration plant. This creates molten combustion particles and combustion exhaust gas, which increases the exhaust gas volume flow from the combustion chamber 1 only insignificantly.
  • the molten combustion particles are deposited in a cool part of the combustion chamber 1 of the waste incineration plant and are discharged from FIG. 1 together with the other solid combustion products.
  • the pollutants contained in the activated carbon are destroyed as a result of the combustion process in the flame or converted into the gas phase and fed to the flue gas cleaning system 6 with the other combustion gases.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

Separate input devices (2,21) feed the fine granular material and the other waste into a combustion chamber of a rubbish burning plant. The input device (21) for the fine granular material is connected with a burner (11) inside the treatment plant (1) or at least one lance ending within the treatment plant. The lance is connected to a supply unit for technically clean oxygen or a gas such as air with a high oxygen content. The burner is arranged in the vicinity of the input device (2) for the other waste in the treatment plant or the lance ends in the vicinity of the input device. The input device (21) for the fine granular material is connected with a pneumatic conveyor unit.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur simultanen Entsorgung von feinkörnigen, insbesondere staubförmigen, Schüttgütern und sonstigen Abfällen in einer thermischen Behandlungsstufe, insbesondere im Feuerungsraum einer Müllverbrennungsanlage, sowie eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens.The invention relates to a method for the simultaneous disposal of fine-grained, in particular dusty, bulk goods and other wastes in a thermal treatment stage, in particular in the combustion chamber of a waste incineration plant, and an apparatus for carrying out the method.

Feinkörnige, insbesondere staubförmige, schadstoffhaltige Schüttgüter fallen bei vielen Produktionsprozessen an. Solche Stäube entstehen bspw. in Staubabscheidern von Rauchgasreinigungsanlagen, wie z. B. Kunststoffstäube und Holzspäne, oder als verbrauchtes Adsorbens in Rauchgasreinigungsprozessen, wie z. B. Aktivkohle, Kalk und Aktivkohle-Kalk-Gemische. Charakterisch für diese Art der Abfälle ist die Tatsache, daß sie als Sekundärprodukte des jeweiligen großtechnischen Prozesses in verhältnismäßig kleinen Mengen anfallen und deshalb überwiegend in Gebinden (in der Regel 200 I-Fässer, maximal Silofahrzeug) umgeschlagen werden. Der überwiegende Teil dieser Schüttgüter muß aufgrund ihres Kontaminationsgrades thermisch (durch Verbrennen oder Vergasen) entsorgt werden. Dazu werden die Schüttgüter in der Regel in einen Vorlagebunker einer Müllbehandlungsanlage entleert und mit anderen im Vorlagebunker vorhandenen Abfällen über einen Greifer in die jeweilige Verbrennungseinrichtung (z. B. Drehrohr oder Rostfeuerung) eingebracht. Nur mit großem technischen Aufwand ist das Auftreten von staubförmigen Emissionen bei der Entleerung der Gebinde in den Vorlagebunker und der Überführung der Schüttgüter in die Verbrennungseinrichtung zu vermeiden.Fine-grained, in particular dusty, pollutant-containing bulk goods occur in many production processes. Such dusts arise, for example, in dust separators of flue gas cleaning systems, such as. B. plastic dust and wood shavings, or as a consumed adsorbent in flue gas cleaning processes, such as. B. activated carbon, lime and activated carbon-lime mixtures. A characteristic of this type of waste is the fact that it is produced as secondary products of the respective large-scale industrial process in relatively small quantities and is therefore mostly handled in containers (usually 200 I-drums, maximum silo vehicle). The majority of these bulk goods must be disposed of thermally (by burning or gasification) due to their degree of contamination. For this purpose, the bulk goods are usually emptied into a storage bunker of a waste treatment plant and introduced with other waste in the storage bunker via a gripper into the respective combustion device (e.g. rotary tube or grate furnace). The occurrence of dust-like emissions when emptying the containers into the storage bunker and transferring the bulk goods into the incinerator can only be avoided with great technical effort.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art sowie eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens zur Verfügung zu stellen, mit denen eine wirtschaftliche Entsorgung der Schüttgüter bei weitgehender Vermeidung von Staubemissionen ermöglicht wird.The object of the present invention is to provide a method of the type mentioned at the outset and an apparatus for carrying out the method, by means of which the bulk materials can be disposed of economically while largely avoiding dust emissions.

Diese Aufgabe wird verfahrensseitig erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die feinkörnigen Schüttgüter getrennt von allen sonstigen Abfällen der Behandlungsstufe zugeführt werden, wobei die feinkörnigen Schüttgüter über eine separate Zuführung einem in der Behandlungsstufe angeordneten Brenner, der mit technisch reinem Sauerstoff oder einem einen höheren Sauerstoffanteil als Luft aufweisenden Gas betrieben wird, und/oder mindestens einer mit technisch reinem Sauerstoff oder einem einen höheren Sauerstoffanteil als Luft aufweisenden Gas beaufschlagten, in der Behandlungsstufe endenden Lanze zugeführt und direkt in die Flamme des Brenners und/oder der Lanze eingebracht werden.This object is achieved on the process side according to the invention in that the fine-grained bulk goods are fed separately from all other waste to the treatment stage, the fine-grained bulk goods being fed via a separate feed to a burner arranged in the treatment stage and containing technically pure oxygen or a gas having a higher oxygen content than air is operated, and / or at least one lance which is supplied with technically pure oxygen or a gas which has a higher oxygen content than air is fed into the treatment stage and directly into the flame of the burner and / or the lance be introduced.

Da die feinkörnigen, insbesondere staubförmigen, Schüttgüter nicht einfach mittels eines Greifers gemeinsam mit den sonstigen Abfällen in die thermische Behandlungsstufe eingegeben werden, sondern über eine separate Zuführung direkt in die Flamme eines Brenners und/oder einer Lanze eingeführt und verbrannt und/oder eingeschmolzen werden, treten keine wesentlichen Staubemissionen auf. Außerdem wird dadurch eine sichere Entsorgung der Schüttgüter gewährleistet.Since the fine-grained, in particular dusty, bulk goods are not simply fed into the thermal treatment stage together with the other wastes by means of a gripper, but are introduced and burned and / or melted directly into the flame of a burner and / or a lance via a separate feeder, there are no significant dust emissions. This also ensures safe disposal of the bulk goods.

Mit Vorteil werden Schüttgüter mit einer Korngröße von weniger als 0,5 mm, bevorzugt weniger als 0,1 mm, besonders bevorzugt weniger als 0,05 mm verwendet.Bulk goods with a grain size of less than 0.5 mm, preferably less than 0.1 mm, particularly preferably less than 0.05 mm are advantageously used.

Vorzugsweise werden die Schüttgüter pneumatisch durch die Zuführung in die Flamme des Brenners und/oder der Lanze gefördert.The bulk goods are preferably conveyed pneumatically through the feed into the flame of the burner and / or the lance.

Die Schüttgüter werden zweckmäßigerweise durch Einblasen mittels eines Gases in die Flamme des Brenners und/oder der Lanze eingebracht. Bevorzugt werden stickstoffarme Gase verwendet, wodurch eine zu starke Stickoxidbildung vermieden wird. Es kann auch ein Brenngas, insbesondere Erdgas, Propan oder Butan eingesetzt werden.The bulk materials are expediently introduced into the flame of the burner and / or the lance by blowing in a gas. Low-nitrogen gases are preferably used, as a result of which excessive nitrogen oxide formation is avoided. A fuel gas, in particular natural gas, propane or butane, can also be used.

Gemäß einer Weiterbildung des Erfindungsgedankens wird verunreinigtes Gas z. B. aus Deponien oder schadstoffbelastete Abluft z. B. aus Tankanlagen zum Einblasen der Schüttgüter in die Flamme eingesetzt. Derartige Gase müssen ohnehin entsorgt werden, so daß durch eine gleichzeitige Behandlung mit den Schüttgütern zwei Entsorgungsprobleme bzw. bei Verwendung von zu entsorgenden Stoffen als Zusatzstoffen, wie z. B. Klärschlämmen oder Pyrolyserückständen, sogar drei Entsorgungsprobleme gleichzeitig gelöst werden können.According to a further development of the inventive concept, contaminated gas is e.g. B. from landfills or polluted exhaust air z. B. from tank systems for blowing bulk materials into the flame. Such gases must be disposed of anyway, so that two disposal problems, or when using substances to be disposed of as additives, such as, for example, by simultaneous treatment with the bulk materials. B. sewage sludge or pyrolysis residues, even three disposal problems can be solved simultaneously.

Zum Einblasen der Schüttgüter in die Flamme des Brenners und/oder der Lanze wird bevorzugt eine Dispergier- und Dosiereinrichtung verwendet, wie sie in der DE 42 25 483 C2 beschrieben ist.A dispersing and metering device, as described in DE 42 25 483 C2, is preferably used to blow the bulk goods into the flame of the burner and / or the lance.

Gemäß einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung werden die Schüttgüter in dem Bereich der thermischen Behandlungsstufe in die Flamme des Brenners und/oder der Lanze eingebracht, wo die sonstigen Abfälle in die thermische Behandlungsstufe eingegeben werden. Da viele Stäube, wie z. B. Kunststoffstäube einen hohen Heizwert aufweisen, wird dadurch erreicht, daß bereits zu Beginn der thermischen Behandlung der Stoffe hohe Temperaturen herrschen, wodurch die thermische Behandlung insgesamt effektiver arbeitet.According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the bulk goods are introduced into the flame of the burner and / or the lance in the area of the thermal treatment stage, where the other wastes are introduced into the thermal treatment stage. Since many dusts, e.g. B. plastic dusts have a high calorific value, is achieved in that high temperatures prevail at the beginning of the thermal treatment of the materials, as a result of which the thermal treatment works more effectively overall.

Für die Verbrennung und/oder Einschmelzung der Schüttgüter reicht ein kleiner mit Sauerstoff oder einem sauerstoffangereicherten Gas betriebener Brenner aus, wodurch eine gravierende Verschiebung des Temperaturprofils in der thermischen Behandlungsstufe ausgeschlossen wird. Aufgrund des Einsatzes von Sauerstoff oder eines sauerstoffangereicherten Gases entstehen nur geringe Abgasvolumenströme bei hohen Verbrennungstemperaturen. Dies bedeutet, daß die Reinigung der von der thermischen Behandlungsstufe abgezogenen Abgase durch die integrierte Staubbehandlung in der thermischen Behandlungsstufe kaum zusätzlich belastet wird.A small burner operated with oxygen or an oxygen-enriched gas is sufficient for the combustion and / or melting of the bulk goods, as a result of which a serious shift in the temperature profile in the thermal treatment stage is excluded. Due to the use of oxygen or an oxygen-enriched gas, only low exhaust gas volume flows occur at high combustion temperatures. This means that the cleaning of the exhaust gases drawn off from the thermal treatment stage is hardly additionally burdened by the integrated dust treatment in the thermal treatment stage.

Durch den Einsatz von technischem Sauerstoff oder einem mit Sauerstoff angereicherten Gas, insbesondere sauerstoffangereicherter Luft, wird die Einhaltung der erforderlichen hohen Temperaturen gewährleistet. Der technische Sauerstoff wird zweckmäßigerweise in einem Luftzerleger oder einer Druckwechseladsorptionsanlage (PSA-Anlage) vor Ort hergestellt oder in einem Vorratstank bereit gestellt.The use of technical oxygen or a gas enriched with oxygen, in particular oxygen-enriched air, ensures that the required high temperatures are maintained. The technical oxygen is expediently produced on site in an air separator or a pressure swing adsorption system (PSA system) or made available in a storage tank.

Vorzugsweise werden die Schüttgüter in der Flamme des Brenners und/oder der Lanze bei Temperaturen von ca. 1.250 bis ca. 1.500 °C und bei Umgebungsdruck vollständig verbrannt. Die Schüttgüter können aber auch in der Flamme nur teilweise oxidiert, z. B. einer Vergasung unterzogen werden. Es besteht auch die Möglichkeit, die Schüttgüter in der Flamme einzuschmelzen oder thermische Veränderungen der Schüttgüter vorzunehmen.The bulk materials are preferably completely burned in the flame of the burner and / or the lance at temperatures of approximately 1,250 to approximately 1,500 ° C. and at ambient pressure. The bulk materials can also be only partially oxidized in the flame, e.g. B. be subjected to gasification. There is also the option of melting the bulk goods in the flame or making thermal changes to the bulk goods.

Bevorzugt werden überwiegend heizwertreiche Schüttgüter, insbesondere Aktivkoks, Kunststoffstaub oder Schredderabfälle, eingesetzt.Bulk materials with a high calorific value are preferred, in particular activated coke, plastic dust or shredder waste.

Gemäß einer Weiterbildung des Erfindungsgedankens werden den Schüttgütern ebenfalls zu entsorgende heizwertarme Abfall- oder Reststoffe, insbesondere Kalk oder Aktivkohle-Kalk-Gemische zugemischt. Durch die Verwendung von technisch reinem Sauerstoff oder eines mit Sauerstoff angereicherten Gases und den Einsatz heizwertreicher Schüttgüter im Brenner können nämlich auch energiearme feinkörnige, bevorzugt kontaminierte Abfall- oder Reststoffe in der Flamme verbrannt bzw. eingeschmolzen werden.According to a further development of the inventive idea, low calorific value waste or residual materials, in particular lime or activated carbon-lime mixtures, are also mixed into the bulk goods. Through the use of technically pure oxygen or a gas enriched with oxygen and the use Bulk materials with high calorific values can also be burned or melted in the flame even low-energy fine-grained, preferably contaminated waste or residues.

Eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens besteht aus einer thermischen Behandlungseinrichtung, insbesondere einem Feuerungsraum einer Müllverbrennungsanlage, die mindestens eine Zugabeeinrichtung für die Abfälle aufweist.A device for carrying out the method consists of a thermal treatment device, in particular a furnace of a waste incineration plant, which has at least one feed device for the waste.

Vorrichtungsseitig wird die gestellte Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß für die feinkörnigen Schüttgüter einerseits und die sonstigen Abfälle andererseits getrennte Zugabeeinrichtungen vorgesehen sind, wobei die Zugabeeinrichtung für die feinkörnigen Schüttgüter mit einem innerhalb der Behandlungseinrichtung angeordneten Brenner und/oder mindestens einer innerhalb der Behandlungseinrichtung endenden Lanze verbunden ist, der bzw. die mit einer Versorgungseinrichtung für technisch reinen Sauerstoff oder ein einen höheren Sauerstoffanteil als Luft aufweisendes Gas in Verbindung steht.On the device side, the object is achieved in that separate feed devices are provided for the fine-grained bulk goods on the one hand and the other wastes on the other hand, the feed device for the fine-grained bulk goods being connected to a burner arranged within the treatment device and / or at least one lance ending within the treatment device which is connected to a supply device for technically pure oxygen or a gas having a higher oxygen content than air.

Die thermische Behandlungseinrichtung ist vorzugsweise als Verbrennungsanlage ausgebildet. Zweckmäßigerweise weist die Verbrennungsanlage eine Rostfeuerung auf, beispielsweise kann die Verbrennungsanlage als konventionelle Müllverbrennungsanlage ausgebildet sein, die nach dem Dampf-Kraft-Prozeß arbeitet. Die Behandlungseinrichtung kann aber auch als Drehrohrofen oder als Brennkammer ausgebildet sein.The thermal treatment device is preferably designed as an incinerator. The incineration plant expediently has grate firing, for example the incineration plant can be designed as a conventional waste incineration plant which works according to the steam-power process. The treatment device can also be designed as a rotary kiln or as a combustion chamber.

Vorzugsweise ist der Brenner in Nähe der Zugabeeinrichtung für die sonstigen Abfälle angeordnet und/oder endet die Lanze in Nähe der Zugabeeinrichtung. Da die Schüttgüter (z. B. Kunststoffstäube oder Aktivkohle) oftmals einen hohen Heizwert aufweisen, werden bereits im Eingangsbereich der Behandlungseinrichtung hohe Temperaturen erreicht, wodurch die Effektivität der thermischen Behandlung insgesamt gesteigert wird.The burner is preferably arranged in the vicinity of the feed device for the other waste and / or the lance ends in the vicinity of the feed device. Since the bulk goods (e.g. plastic dusts or activated carbon) often have a high calorific value, high temperatures are already reached in the entrance area of the treatment facility, which increases the overall effectiveness of the thermal treatment.

Die Zugabeeinrichtung für die feinkörnigen Schüttgüter ist zweckmäßigerweise als Leitung ausgebildet, die mit einer pneumatischen Fördereinrichtung verbunden ist, welche die Schüttgüter ohne Staubemissionen durch die Leitung hindurch direkt in die Flamme des Brenners befördert.The feed device for the fine-grained bulk goods is expediently designed as a line which is connected to a pneumatic conveying device which conveys the bulk goods directly through the line into the flame of the burner without dust emissions.

In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist dem Brenner und/oder der Lanze eine Dosiereinrichtung gemäß der DE 42 25 483 C2 vorgeschaltet.In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the burner and / or the lance is preceded by a metering device according to DE 42 25 483 C2.

Mit dieser Dosiereinrichtung wird erreicht, daß auch bei Anlieferung ständig wechselnder staubförmiger Schüttgüter mit unterschiedlichen Eigenschaften und in kleinen Mengen eine zuverlässige Entsorgung gewährleistet ist.With this metering device it is achieved that reliable disposal is ensured even when the delivery is made of constantly changing dusty bulk goods with different properties and in small quantities.

Gemäß einer Weiterbildung des Erfindungsgedankens steht die Zugabeeinrichtung für die Schüttgüter mit einem Vorratsbehälter für einen heizwertarmen Abfall- oder Reststoff in Verbindung. Grundsätzlich eignen sich als heizwertarme Abfall- oder Reststoffe alle nicht brennbaren Stäube, die behandelt werden müssen.According to a development of the inventive concept, the feed device for the bulk goods is connected to a storage container for a low calorific value waste or residual material. Basically, all non-combustible dusts that need to be treated are suitable as low calorific value waste or residues.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren und die zur Durchführung des Verfahrens vorgesehene Vorrichtung eignen sich zur Behandlung von allen denkbaren feinkörnigen Schüttgütern, insbesondere von schadstoffbelasteten Stäuben, z. B. Kunststoffstäuben, Holzspänen oder verbrauchtem Adsorbens aus Rauchgasreinigungsprozessen wie z. B. Aktivkohle, Kalk, Kalk-Aktivkohle-Mischungen usw.. Mit der Erfindung können solche Schüttgüter ohne wesentliche Staubemissionen auf wirtschaftliche Weise entsorgt werden. Darüberhinaus wird bei Verwendung heizwertreicher Schüttgüter gleichzeitig eine Steigerung der Effektivität der thermischen Abfallbehandlung, z. B. in Müllverbrennungsanlagen erreicht. Dies ist besonders deshalb vorteilhaft, weil die üblicherweise angelieferten Abfälle in zunehmendem Maß einen sehr geringen Heizwert aufweisen, so daß die Verbrennung solcher Abfälle immer schwieriger wird.The method according to the invention and the device provided for carrying out the method are suitable for the treatment of all conceivable fine-grained bulk materials, in particular of polluted dusts, e.g. B. plastic dust, wood shavings or used adsorbent from flue gas cleaning processes such. B. activated carbon, lime, lime-activated carbon mixtures, etc. With the invention, such bulk goods can be disposed of without significant dust emissions in an economical manner. In addition, when using high-calorific bulk materials, an increase in the effectiveness of thermal waste treatment, z. B. achieved in waste incineration plants. This is particularly advantageous because the wastes that are usually supplied increasingly have a very low calorific value, so that the combustion of such wastes becomes increasingly difficult.

Mit dem vorgeschlagenen Verfahren sind eine Reihe von Vorteilen verbunden. Durch den Einsatz von technischem Sauerstoff oder von mit Sauerstoff angereichertem Gas wird der in der thermischen Behandlungsstufe erzeugte Abgasvolumenstrom nur unwesentlich vergrößert. Zusätzlich wird der oftmals vorhandene Heizwert der Stäube gezielt genutzt.There are a number of advantages associated with the proposed method. The use of technical oxygen or gas enriched with oxygen increases the exhaust gas volume flow generated in the thermal treatment stage only insignificantly. In addition, the often existing calorific value of the dusts is used in a targeted manner.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung kann auf einfache Weise in bereits bestehende Anlagen zur thermischen Behandlung von Stoffen, insbesondere in herkömmliche Müllverbrennungsanlagen, nachträglich eingebaut werden. Für eine Nachrüstung bestehender Anlagen eignen sich ganz besonders Müllverbrennungsanlagen, die eine Rostfeuerung aufweisen und nach dem Dampf-Kraft-Prozeß arbeiten. Auch Drehrohröfen z. B. von Sondermüllverbrennungsanlagen eignen sich für eine Nachrüstung. Darüberhinaus ist ein Einsatz der Erfindung in speziellen Brennkammern denkbar.The device according to the invention can easily be retrofitted in already existing plants for the thermal treatment of substances, in particular in conventional waste incineration plants. Waste incineration plants that have grate firing and work according to the steam-power process are particularly suitable for retrofitting existing plants. Rotary kilns, for. B. of special waste incineration plants are suitable for retrofitting. In addition, use of the invention in special combustion chambers is conceivable.

Im folgenden soll die Erfindung an Hand eines in einer Figur schematisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert werden:In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an exemplary embodiment shown schematically in a figure:

In der Figur ist das Fließschema einer Müllverbrennungsanlage mit integrierter Aktivkohleentsorgung dargestellt.The figure shows the flow diagram of a waste incineration plant with integrated activated carbon disposal.

In Figur 1 ist ein Feuerungsraum einer Müllverbrennungsanlage gezeigt, die nach dem üblichen Dampf-Kraft-Prozeß arbeitet. Über eine Zuführung 2 wird zu verbrennender Abfall, insbesondere Sonderabfall, dem Feuerungsraum 1 der Müllverbrennungsanlage zugeführt. Der Feuerungsraum 1 der Müllverbrennungsanlage weist eine in der Figur nicht dargestellte Rostfeuerung auf. Bei der Verbrennung der Abfälle im Feuerungsraum 1 entstehen feste und/oder schmelzflüssige Verbrennungspartikel, die sich in einem der Abfallzuführung 2 abgewandten Teil des Feuerungsraums 1 als Schlacke ablagern. Die Schlacke wird über einen Abzug 3 gemeinsam mit den sonstigen festen Verbrennungsrückständen aus dem Feuerungsraum 1 abgeführt. Bei der Verbrennung der Abfallstoffe im Feuerungsraum 1 entstehende Verbrennungsabgase werden über eine Abgasleitung 5 einer Rauchgasreinigung 6 zugeführt. Die Rauchgasreinigung 6 fungiert als Schadstoffsenke im gesamten Verbrennungsprozeß. Anschließend wird das Abgas über Abgasleitung 8 einer als Polizeifilter wirkenden Adsorptionsstufe 9 zugeführt, in der feinkörnige Aktivkohle zur Adsorption umweltrelevanter Gasinhaltsstoffe eingesetzt wird. Das gereinigte Abgas verläßt schließlich die Anlage über Leitung 10.In Figure 1, a combustion chamber of a waste incineration plant is shown, which works according to the usual steam power process. Waste to be incinerated, in particular special waste, is fed to the combustion chamber 1 of the waste incineration plant via a feed 2. The combustion chamber 1 of the waste incineration plant has a grate furnace, not shown in the figure. When the waste is burned in the combustion chamber 1, solid and / or molten combustion particles are formed, which are deposited as slag in a part of the combustion chamber 1 facing away from the waste supply 2. The slag is discharged from the combustion chamber 1 together with the other solid combustion residues via a fume hood 3. Combustion gases produced during combustion of the waste materials in the combustion chamber 1 are fed to a flue gas cleaning system 6 via an exhaust gas line 5. The flue gas cleaning 6 functions as a pollutant sink in the entire combustion process. The exhaust gas is then fed via exhaust line 8 to an adsorption stage 9 which acts as a police filter and in which fine-grained activated carbon is used for the adsorption of environmentally relevant gas constituents. The cleaned exhaust gas finally leaves the system via line 10.

Nach erfolgter Adsorption wird die beladene Aktivkohle über Leitung 7 abgezogen und in einen Vorlagebehälter 15 eingebracht. Eine Siebvorrichtung 16 sorgt für eine Abtrennung grobkörniger Bestandteile, die über Leitung 17 gemeinsam mit den über Zuleitung 2 zugeführten Abfällen direkt in den Feuerungsraum 1 der Müllverbrennungsanlage eingebracht werden.After adsorption has taken place, the loaded activated carbon is drawn off via line 7 and introduced into a storage container 15. A screening device 16 provides for the separation of coarse-grained components, which are introduced directly into the combustion chamber 1 of the waste incineration system via line 17 together with the waste supplied via line 2.

Die feinkörnigen Anteile werden mittels eines Trichters 18 einer Förderschnecke 19 aufgegeben, die die feinkörnigen Schüttgüter einer Schüttgutdrosselvorrichtung 20, die gemäß der DE 42 25 483 C2 aufgebaut ist, zuführt. Die Schüttgutdrosselvorrichtung 20 gibt die feinkörnigen Schüttgüter dosiert in eine Zuleitung 21 ab, über die die Schüttgüter zum Feuerungsraum 1 der Müllverbrennungsanlage geleitet werden.The fine-grained fractions are fed in by means of a funnel 18 to a screw conveyor 19, which feeds the fine-grained bulk goods to a bulk material throttle device 20, which is constructed according to DE 42 25 483 C2. The bulk material throttle device 20 dispenses the fine-grained bulk goods into a feed line 21, via which the bulk goods are conducted to the combustion chamber 1 of the waste incineration plant.

Auf der Abfalleintrittsseite des Feuerungsraumes 1 ist ein Feststoffbrenner 11 angeordnet. Der Feststoffbrenner 11 wird mit technisch reinem Sauerstoff, der in einem nichtdargestellten Flüssigsauerstofftank bereitgestellt und über eine Sauerstoffleitung 12 dem Brenner zugeführt wird, versorgt.A solid fuel burner 11 is arranged on the waste entry side of the combustion chamber 1. The solid fuel burner 11 is with technically pure oxygen, which in one Liquid oxygen tank, not shown, is provided and supplied to the burner via an oxygen line 12.

In der Flamme des sauerstoffbetriebenen Feststoffbrenners 11 werden die Stäube bei einer Temperatur von ca. 1.350 °C und Umgebungsdruck innerhalb des Feuerungsraumes 1 der Müllverbrennungsanlage vollständig verbrannt. Dabei entstehen schmelzflüssige Verbrennungspartikel und Verbrennungsabgas, das den Abgasvolumenstrom aus dem Feuerungsraum 1 nur unwesentlich erhöht. Die schmelzflüssigen Verbrennungspartikel lagern sich in einem kühlen Teil des Feuerungsraumes 1 der Müllverbrennungsanlage ab und werden gemeinsam mit den sonstigen festen Verbrennungsprodukten aus 1 ausgetragen. Die in der Aktivkohle enthaltenen Schadstoffe werden infolge des Verbrennungsvorgangs in der Flamme zerstört bzw. in die Gasphase überführt und mit den sonstigen Verbrennungsgasen der Rauchgasreinigung 6 zugeführt.In the flame of the oxygen-operated solid fuel burner 11, the dusts are completely burned at a temperature of approximately 1,350 ° C. and ambient pressure within the combustion chamber 1 of the waste incineration plant. This creates molten combustion particles and combustion exhaust gas, which increases the exhaust gas volume flow from the combustion chamber 1 only insignificantly. The molten combustion particles are deposited in a cool part of the combustion chamber 1 of the waste incineration plant and are discharged from FIG. 1 together with the other solid combustion products. The pollutants contained in the activated carbon are destroyed as a result of the combustion process in the flame or converted into the gas phase and fed to the flue gas cleaning system 6 with the other combustion gases.

Über Leitung 13 gelangen zusätzlich angelieferte, bevorzugt verunreinigte Stäube in den Vorlagebehälter 15.Additional, preferably contaminated dusts which have been delivered pass through line 13 into the storage container 15.

Mit dem beschriebenen Verfahren wird eine zuverlässige Entsorgung der schadstoffbelasteten feinkörnigen Aktivkohle gewährleistet, ohne daß wesentliche Staubemissionen auftreten. Gleichzeitig wird die Effektivität der Müllverbrennungsanlage gesteigert, da durch die Verbrennung der heizwertreichen feinkörnigen Aktivkohle mittels des sauerstoffbetriebenen Feststoffbrenners 11 im Eingangsbereich des Feuerungsraums 1 eine bedarfsgerechte Anpassung des Temperaturprofils innerhalb des Feuerungsraums 1 zusätzlich erfolgt. Durch Einstellung einer hohen Temperatur im Eingangsbereich wird die Verbrennung der Abfälle im Feuerungsraum 1 verbessert. Außerdem können konventionelle Energieträger (z. B. Heizöl) im Vergleich zur herkömmlichen Erzielung entsprechend hoher Feuerraumtemperatur eingespart werden.With the described method, a reliable disposal of the polluted fine-grained activated carbon is ensured without substantial dust emissions occurring. At the same time, the effectiveness of the waste incineration plant is increased, since the combustion of the fine-grained activated carbon, which is rich in calorific value, by means of the oxygen-operated solid fuel burner 11 in the entrance area of the combustion chamber 1 additionally adapts the temperature profile within the combustion chamber 1 as required. By setting a high temperature in the entrance area, the combustion of the waste in the combustion chamber 1 is improved. In addition, conventional energy sources (e.g. heating oil) can be saved compared to the conventional achievement of a correspondingly high combustion chamber temperature.

Claims (18)

Verfahren zur simultanen Entsorgung von feinkörnigen, insbesondere staubförmigen, Schüttgütern und sonstigen Abfällen in einer thermischen Behandlungsstufe, insbesondere im Feuerungsraum einer Müllverbrennungsanlage, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die feinkörnigen Schüttgüter getrennt von allen sonstigen Abfällen der Behandlungsstufe (1) zugeführt werden, wobei die feinkörnigen Schüttgüter über eine separate Zuführung (21) einem in der Behandlungsstufe (1) angeordneten Brenner (11), der mit technisch reinem Sauerstoff oder einem einen höheren Sauerstoffanteil als Luft aufweisenden Gas betrieben wird, und/oder mindestens einer mit technisch reinem Sauerstoff oder einem einen höheren Sauerstoffanteil als Luft aufweisenden Gas beaufschlagten, in der Behandlungsstufe endenden Lanze zugeführt und direkt in die Flamme des Brenners (11) und/oder der Lanze eingebracht werden.Process for the simultaneous disposal of fine-grained, in particular dust-like, bulk goods and other wastes in a thermal treatment stage, in particular in the combustion chamber of a waste incineration plant, characterized in that the fine-grained bulk goods are fed separately from all other wastes to the treatment stage (1), the fine-grained bulk goods being passed over a separate feed (21) to a burner (11) arranged in the treatment stage (1), which is operated with technically pure oxygen or a gas having a higher oxygen content than air, and / or at least one with technically pure oxygen or a higher oxygen content acted upon as air-containing gas, fed to the lance ending in the treatment stage and introduced directly into the flame of the burner (11) and / or the lance. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schüttgüter pneumatisch in die Flamme des Brenners (11) und/oder der Lanze gefördert werden.Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the bulk goods are conveyed pneumatically into the flame of the burner (11) and / or the lance. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schüttgüter mittels eines stickstoffarmen Gases in die Flamme des Brenners (11) und/oder der Lanze eingebracht werden.Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the bulk goods are introduced into the flame of the burner (11) and / or the lance by means of a nitrogen-poor gas. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schüttgüter mittels eines zu entsorgenden Gases in die Flamme des Brenners (11) und/oder der Lanze eingebracht werden.Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the bulk goods are introduced into the flame of the burner (11) and / or the lance by means of a gas to be disposed of. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schüttgüter mittels einer Dosiereinrichtung gemäß der DE 42 25 483 C2 in die Flamme des Brenners (11) und/oder der Lanze eingebracht werden.Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the bulk goods are introduced into the flame of the burner (11) and / or the lance by means of a metering device according to DE 42 25 483 C2. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schüttgüter in der Flamme des Brenners (11) und/oder der Lanze bei Temperaturen von ca. 1.250 bis ca. 1.500 °C vollständig verbrannt werden.Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the bulk materials are completely burned in the flame of the burner (11) and / or the lance at temperatures of approximately 1,250 to approximately 1,500 ° C. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schüttgüter in der Flamme des Brenners (11) und/oder der Lanze teilweise oxidiert, insbesondere vergast, werden.Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the bulk goods in the flame of the burner (11) and / or the lance are partially oxidized, in particular gasified. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schüttgüter in der Flamme des Brenners (11) und/oder der Lanze eingeschmolzen werden.Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the bulk materials are melted in the flame of the burner (11) and / or the lance. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß überwiegend heizwertreiche Schüttgüter, insbesondere Aktivkoks, Kunststoffstaub oder Schredderabfälle, eingesetzt werden.Method according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that bulk materials with a high calorific value, in particular activated coke, plastic dust or shredder waste, are used. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß den Schüttgütern heizwertarme Abfall- oder Reststoffe, insbesondere Kalk oder Aktivkohle-Kalk-Gemische, zugemischt werden.Method according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that waste materials or residues, in particular lime or activated carbon-lime mixtures, are added to the bulk goods with low calorific values. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, wobei die Abfälle auf einer Seite der Behandlungsstufe aufgegeben und die behandelten Stoffe auf einer der Aufgabeseite abgewandten Seite der Behandlungsstufe abgezogen werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die feinkörnigen Schüttgüter auf der Aufgabeseite der Behandlungsstufe (1) in die Flamme des Brenners (11) und/oder der Lanze eingebracht werden.Method according to one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the waste is fed in on one side of the treatment stage and the treated substances are drawn off on a side of the treatment stage facing away from the feed side, characterized in that the fine-grained bulk goods are fed into the treatment stage (1) Flame of the burner (11) and / or the lance are introduced. Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1 mit einer thermischen Behandlungseinrichtung, insbesondere einem Feuerungsraum einer Müllverbrennungsanlage die mindestens eine Zugabeeinrichtung für die Abfälle aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für die feinkörnigen Schüttgüter einerseits und die sonstigen Abfälle andererseits getrennte Zugabeeinrichtungen (2, 21) vorgesehen sind, wobei die Zugabeeinrichtung (21) für die feinkörnigen Schüttgüter mit einem innerhalb der Behandlungseinrichtung (1) angeordneten Brenner (11) und/oder mindestens einer innerhalb der Behandlungseinrichtung endenden Lanze verbunden ist, der bzw. die mit einer Versorgungseinrichtung für technisch reinen Sauerstoff oder ein einen höheren Sauerstoffanteil als Luft aufweisendes Gas in Verbindung steht.Device for carrying out the method according to claim 1 with a thermal treatment device, in particular a furnace of a waste incineration plant, which has at least one feed device for the waste, characterized in that separate feed devices (2, 21) are provided for the fine-grained bulk goods on the one hand and the other waste on the other hand , wherein the addition device (21) for the fine-grained bulk goods is connected to a burner (11) arranged inside the treatment device (1) and / or at least one lance ending inside the treatment device, which is connected to a supply device for technically pure oxygen or a has a higher oxygen content than air-containing gas. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Brenner (11) in Nähe der Zugabeeinrichtung (2) für die sonstigen Abfälle in der Behandlungseinrichtung (1) angeordnet ist und/oder die Lanze in Nähe der Zugabeeinrichtung (2) endet.Apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the burner (11) in the vicinity of the feed device (2) for the other waste in the treatment device (1) is arranged and / or the lance ends in the vicinity of the feed device (2). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 12 oder 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zugabeeinrichtung (21) für die feinkörnigen Schüttgüter mit einer pneumatischen Fördereinrichtung verbunden ist.Apparatus according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the feed device (21) for the fine-grained bulk goods is connected to a pneumatic conveying device. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dem Brenner (11) und/oder der Lanze eine Dosiereinrichtung (20) gemäß der DE 42 25 483 C2 vorgeschaltet ist.Device according to one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that the burner (11) and / or the lance is preceded by a metering device (20) according to DE 42 25 483 C2. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Behandlungseinrichtung eine Rostfeuerung aufweist.Device according to one of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that the treatment device has a grate furnace. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Behandlungseinrichtung als Drehrohrofen ausgebildet ist.Device according to one of claims 12 to 16, characterized in that the treatment device is designed as a rotary tube furnace. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zugabeeinrichtung für die Schüttgüter mit einem Vorratsbehälter für einen heizwertarmen Abfall- oder Reststoff in Verbindung steht.Device according to one of claims 12 to 17, characterized in that the feed device for the bulk goods is connected to a storage container for a low calorific value waste or residual material.
EP96117012A 1995-10-26 1996-10-23 Method and apparatus for simultaneous disposal of finely divided bulk goods and other waste in thermal treatment plants Expired - Lifetime EP0770821B1 (en)

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DE19539949 1995-10-26
DE19539949A DE19539949C2 (en) 1995-10-26 1995-10-26 Process and device for the simultaneous disposal of fine-grained bulk materials and other waste in thermal waste treatment plants

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EP0770821A2 true EP0770821A2 (en) 1997-05-02
EP0770821A3 EP0770821A3 (en) 1998-09-02
EP0770821B1 EP0770821B1 (en) 2002-12-18

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EP0770823A3 (en) * 1995-10-26 1998-09-02 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Method and apparatus for integrated filter dust disposal in thermal treatment plants

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0770822A3 (en) * 1995-10-26 1998-09-02 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Method and apparatus for thermal treatment of finely divided bulk goods
EP0770823A3 (en) * 1995-10-26 1998-09-02 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Method and apparatus for integrated filter dust disposal in thermal treatment plants

Also Published As

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DE19539949A1 (en) 1997-04-30
ATE230094T1 (en) 2003-01-15
DE59609997D1 (en) 2003-01-30
DE19539949C2 (en) 2002-10-02
EP0770821B1 (en) 2002-12-18
EP0770821A3 (en) 1998-09-02

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