EP0769567A1 - Process for coating a sheet - Google Patents
Process for coating a sheet Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0769567A1 EP0769567A1 EP96402089A EP96402089A EP0769567A1 EP 0769567 A1 EP0769567 A1 EP 0769567A1 EP 96402089 A EP96402089 A EP 96402089A EP 96402089 A EP96402089 A EP 96402089A EP 0769567 A1 EP0769567 A1 EP 0769567A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- powder
- agglomerates
- layer
- sheet
- metal layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 15
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000005246 galvanizing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000004224 protection Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004200 deflagration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007970 homogeneous dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006193 liquid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/26—After-treatment
- C23C2/265—After-treatment by applying solid particles to the molten coating
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for treating a metal sheet coating layer in which a powder is sprayed onto the metal layer when it is, at least partially, in the liquid state.
- This process is commonly used during the galvanization of steel sheets.
- the sheet is dipped in a bath of liquid metal, the sheet is extracted from the bath to entrain a layer of said liquid metal on the sheet, a powder is sprayed onto said entrained liquid layer and then said layer is solidified.
- the thickness of the entrained metal layer can be adjusted before spraying the powder.
- a variant of this galvanizing process consists in spraying the powder well after the quenching: the sheet is then heated to at least partially melt the coating layer, the powder is sprayed onto the molten layer, then solidified.
- the powder is inserted into the metal layer, that is to say generally dispersed or dissolved.
- the sheets coated according to this process for example have a better surface appearance (disappearance of flowering) or are easier to shape (better stampability).
- oxide powders or mixtures of metallic powders and oxide powders.
- the quality of such coating depends, among other things, on the morphology of the powder and the conditions of projection onto the sheet; these two parameters indeed determine the homogeneity of the distribution of the material projected on the one hand on the surface of the molten metal layer, on the other hand in the depth of this layer.
- patent JP 02 093053 proposes using atomized powders.
- the powder spraying process should be adapted and controlled to achieve an identical and homogeneous distribution of all the basic powder components in the treated metal layer.
- the object of the invention is to treat a metal layer by spraying powder homogeneously in the depth, and, when the treatment powder comprises several basic components, to distribute them in a very homogeneous manner throughout the metal layer.
- the subject of the invention is a method of treating a metal layer for coating sheet metal, in particular in a line for galvanizing sheet metal, in which a powder is sprayed onto said metal layer when it is, at least partially, liquid state, characterized in that said powder is prepared by atomization in a manner suitable for it to be in the form of atomization agglomerates gathering elementary grains to be dispersed and / or dissolved in said metal layer in the liquid state and so that the average size of said agglomerates is greater than the thickness of said metallic layer in the liquid state.
- the installation for coating sheet metal by dipping with powder spraying is known in itself and will not be described here in detail; it comprises, in particular a sheet dipping bath, wiping means for regulating the thickness of the metal layer on the sheet at the outlet of the bath, and a device for spraying powder onto the metal layer still in the molten state after spinning.
- the atomization installation is supplied from a composition of these basic powders, for example suspensions and / or liquid solutions of these basic powders.
- suspensions in particular colloidal, and / or from solutions containing the basic components of the material to be sprayed.
- the feed composition is atomized to form an atomized powder, composed of agglomerates uniting elementary grains of base powder, possibly of different natures and of different morphologies.
- atomization can be used to preformulate a mixture, in the sense that the atomization conditions are adapted in a manner known in itself to obtain, within of each agglomerate of the powder to be sprayed, a mixture of grains of the different components in the said proportions.
- the atomization conditions are determined in a manner known per se to obtain, according to the invention, agglomerates having an average size greater than the thickness of the molten metal layer after spinning.
- the atomized powder because it consists of large agglomerates, can be handled with even less explosive or toxic risks.
- the agglomerates consist of elementary grains which are sufficiently fine to ensure a homogeneous dispersion of the material to be sprayed into the metal layer.
- these elementary grains have an average size less than about half the thickness of the molten metal layer.
- the atomization conditions are adapted in a manner known per se so that the ratio (average size of the agglomerates) / (average size of elementary grains) is greater than approximately 4.
- a binder is added as necessary to reinforce, if necessary, the cohesion of the agglomerates of the atomized powder.
- polyvinyl alcohol can in particular be used.
- the atomization conditions as well as the nature and the proportion of binder in the feed composition are also determined in a manner known per se, in order to obtain cohesion of the agglomerates, admittedly weak but sufficient.
- sufficient cohesion is meant a cohesion which is preserved in all the operations for handling the powder situated between the atomization itself and the projection onto the sheet at the outlet of the coating bath.
- weak cohesion is meant a cohesion which disappears under the impact of projection of the agglomerate on the sheet, in order to ensure the dispersion of the elementary grains of the agglomerate in the metallic layer in the molten state.
- the measurement of porosity namely the ratio (total volume of pores) / (total volume of an agglomerate), is a known means of evaluating the cohesion of the agglomerates.
- the proportion of binder and the atomization conditions are adapted to obtain agglomerates of porosity greater than about 30%, the porosity measured taking into account only the pores of size greater than 0.01 ⁇ m.
- the coating is carried out by dipping a sheet metal with powder spraying in a manner known per se, with the difference that the powder spraying device is supplied with the atomized powder described above.
- the sheet to be coated is here a steel sheet.
- the metallic coating bath is here a zinc bath.
- the sheet to be coated is therefore quenched, it is wrung to obtain in a manner known per se a predetermined thickness of metallic layer entrained on the sheet, then, while the metallic layer is still in the molten state, projects the atomized powder onto said layer.
- the temperature of the metal layer is at least about 10 ° C higher than that of its melting temperature.
- the spray conditions of the atomized powder are adapted so that the agglomerates that compose it break under the effect of the impact of projection against the sheet, which releases and disperses the elementary grains in the molten metal layer.
- the average size of the agglomerates of the atomized powder being greater than the thickness of the metal layer, it is easier than in the prior art to spray said powder with sufficient energy for the elementary grains to disperse in the depth of the layer, in the vicinity of the sheet metal substrate, which represents an essential advantage of the invention.
- the material to be sprayed contains several components and the atomization operation is used to preformulate a mixture of these components, the constraints on controlling the spraying installation are therefore reduced; in fact, the mixture being preformulated, it is much easier to obtain than in the methods of the prior art a uniform and homogeneous distribution of the elementary grains of the material to be sprayed into the metal layer.
- the elementary grains of core are particles of silica and the coating material consists of particles of metal of the same nature as that of the dip bath of the sheet, here for example, particles of zinc.
- the periphery of the agglomerates melts first, releasing the oxide particles it contains to the core to disperse them in the molten metal layer.
- the powder to be sprayed thanks to its method of preparation (atomization) and the size of its agglomerates, makes it possible to treat metallic layers (in the molten state) easily and in a very homogeneous manner.
- the purpose of this example is to illustrate the invention in the case of a treatment of a metallic coating layer with a metallic zinc powder.
- this treatment takes place in a galvanizing operation, where, after quenching, the metal layer to be treated has a thickness of approximately 10 ⁇ m.
- a zinc powder As a base powder, a zinc powder is used, the grains of which have an average size of approximately 4.5 ⁇ m.
- a suspension of this base powder is prepared and polyvinyl alcohol is diluted to about 3% by weight (relative to the weight of base powder).
- This suspension (or feed composition) is atomized so as to obtain batches of powder to be sprayed having agglomerates of average size between 24 ⁇ m and 56 ⁇ m.
- the porosity of the powders obtained is approximately 33.8% and the internal porosity has an average diameter of 0.06 ⁇ m.
- the metal layer is still treated in the liquid state by spraying a batch of powder and then solidified.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
- Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
Description
L'invention concerne un procédé de traitement d'une couche métallique de revêtement de tôle dans lequel on projette une poudre sur la couche métallique lorsqu'elle est, au moins partiellement, à l'état liquideThe invention relates to a method for treating a metal sheet coating layer in which a powder is sprayed onto the metal layer when it is, at least partially, in the liquid state.
On utilise couramment ce procédé au cours de la galvanisation de tôles d'acier.This process is commonly used during the galvanization of steel sheets.
Pour ce type particulier de galvanisation, on trempe la tôle dans un bain de métal liquide, on extrait la tôle du bain pour entraîner une couche dudit métal liquide sur la tôle, on projette une poudre sur ladite couche liquide entraînée et on solidifie ensuite ladite couche.For this particular type of galvanization, the sheet is dipped in a bath of liquid metal, the sheet is extracted from the bath to entrain a layer of said liquid metal on the sheet, a powder is sprayed onto said entrained liquid layer and then said layer is solidified. .
En sortie de bain, on peut régler l'épaisseur de la couche métallique entraînée avant de projeter la poudre.At the end of the bath, the thickness of the entrained metal layer can be adjusted before spraying the powder.
Par ce procédé de galvanisation, on obtient couramment des revêtements d'épaisseur comprise entre 10 et 50 µm.By this galvanizing process, coatings with a thickness of between 10 and 50 μm are commonly obtained.
Une variante de ce procédé de galvanisation consiste à projeter la poudre bien après le trempé : on réchauffe alors la tôle pour faire fondre, au moins partiellement, la couche de revêtement, on projette la poudre sur la couche fondue, puis on solidifie.A variant of this galvanizing process consists in spraying the powder well after the quenching: the sheet is then heated to at least partially melt the coating layer, the powder is sprayed onto the molten layer, then solidified.
Au moment de la projection, la poudre est insérée dans la couche métallique, c'est à dire généralement dispersée ou dissoute.At the time of spraying, the powder is inserted into the metal layer, that is to say generally dispersed or dissolved.
Les tôles revêtues selon ce procédé présentent par exemple un meilleur aspect de surface (disparition du fleurage) ou sont plus faciles à mettre en forme (meilleure emboutissabilité).The sheets coated according to this process for example have a better surface appearance (disappearance of flowering) or are easier to shape (better stampability).
Grâce à ce procédé, il est possible également d'élargir la gamme des compositions de revêtement.Thanks to this process, it is also possible to widen the range of coating compositions.
On peut aussi obtenir des revêtements "composites", du type inclusions "granulaires" dans une matrice métallique.One can also obtain "composite" coatings, of the "granular" inclusions type in a metallic matrix.
Parmi les poudres projetées, on peut utiliser des poudres d'oxydes, ou des mélanges de poudres métalliques et de poudres d'oxydes.Among the sprayed powders, it is possible to use oxide powders, or mixtures of metallic powders and oxide powders.
La qualité de tels revêtement dépend, entre autres, de la morphologie de la poudre et des conditions de projection sur la tôle ; ces deux paramètres déterminent en effet l'homogénéité de la répartition de la matière projetée d'une part sur la surface de la couche métallique fondue, d'autre part dans la profondeur de cette couche.The quality of such coating depends, among other things, on the morphology of the powder and the conditions of projection onto the sheet; these two parameters indeed determine the homogeneity of the distribution of the material projected on the one hand on the surface of the molten metal layer, on the other hand in the depth of this layer.
Pour disperser et/ou dissoudre au mieux la poudre dans la couche métallique, on emploie généralement des poudres très fines.In order to best disperse and / or dissolve the powder in the metal layer, very fine powders are generally used.
Or l'emploi de poudres de très fine granulométrie présente de graves inconvénients, notamment quand les grains élémentaires de la poudre ont une taille inférieure à 10 µm.However, the use of powders of very fine particle size has serious drawbacks, in particular when the elementary grains of the powder have a size of less than 10 μm.
La manipulation de poudres de fine granulométrie nécessite en effet des protections étanches coûteuses, voire même des protections anti-déflagrantes encore plus onéreuses pour se prémunir de risques d'explosion.The handling of fine particle size powders indeed requires costly waterproof protections, or even even more expensive explosion-proof protections to protect against the risk of explosion.
Pour éviter tout risque d'explosion dans la manipulation de poudres, notamment par exemple lorsqu'elle contient un composant très oxydable comme du magnésium, le brevet JP 02 093053 propose d'utiliser des poudres atomisées.To avoid any risk of explosion in the handling of powders, in particular for example when it contains a highly oxidizable component such as magnesium, patent JP 02 093053 proposes using atomized powders.
Mais, dans le cas de couches métalliques relativement épaisses, il est parfois difficile de projeter la poudre de sorte qu'elle pénètre dans la profondeur de la couche jusqu'à proximité du substrat en tôle, ce qui empêche de traiter le revêtement (ou la couche métallique entraînée) dans toute son épaisseur et d'obtenir un revêtement homogène dans l'épaisseur.However, in the case of relatively thick metallic layers, it is sometimes difficult to spray the powder so that it penetrates into the depth of the layer as close to the sheet metal substrate, which prevents processing of the coating (or the metallic layer) throughout its thickness and to obtain a homogeneous coating in the thickness.
Lorsque la matière projetée comprend plusieurs composants de base, il convient d'adapter et de piloter le procédé de projection de poudre pour atteindre une répartition identique et homogène de tous les composants de base de la poudre dans la couche métallique traitée.When the sprayed material comprises several basic components, the powder spraying process should be adapted and controlled to achieve an identical and homogeneous distribution of all the basic powder components in the treated metal layer.
En particulier, il convient alors souvent de préparer un mélange parfaitement homogène de ces composants de base, ce qui impose de nouvelles contraintes, notamment quand les caractéristiques physiques (par exemple : densité, tailles de grains) de ces composants sont très différents.In particular, it is then often necessary to prepare a perfectly homogeneous mixture of these basic components, which imposes new constraints, in particular when the physical characteristics (for example: density, grain sizes) of these components are very different.
L'invention a pour but de traiter une couche métallique par projection de poudre de manière homogène dans la profondeur, et, lorsque la poudre de traitement comprend plusieurs composants de base, de les répartir d'une manière très homogène dans toute la couche métallique.The object of the invention is to treat a metal layer by spraying powder homogeneously in the depth, and, when the treatment powder comprises several basic components, to distribute them in a very homogeneous manner throughout the metal layer.
L'invention a pour objet un procédé de traitement d'une couche métallique de revêtement de tôle, notamment dans une ligne de galvanisation de tôle, dans lequel on projette une poudre sur ladite couche métallique lorsqu'elle est, au moins partiellement, à l'état liquide, caractérisé en ce que l'on prépare ladite poudre par atomisation d'une manière adaptée pour qu'elle se présente sous forme d'agglomérats d'atomisation rassemblant des grains élémentaires à disperser et/ou à dissoudre dans ladite couche métallique à l'état liquide et pour que la taille moyenne desdits agglomérats soit supérieure à l'épaisseur de ladite couche métallique à l'état liquide.The subject of the invention is a method of treating a metal layer for coating sheet metal, in particular in a line for galvanizing sheet metal, in which a powder is sprayed onto said metal layer when it is, at least partially, liquid state, characterized in that said powder is prepared by atomization in a manner suitable for it to be in the form of atomization agglomerates gathering elementary grains to be dispersed and / or dissolved in said metal layer in the liquid state and so that the average size of said agglomerates is greater than the thickness of said metallic layer in the liquid state.
L'invention peut également présenter la caractéristique suivante :
- on prépare ladite poudre d'une manière adaptée pour que la taille moyenne desdits grains soit inférieure à environ la moitié de l'épaisseur de ladite couche.
- said powder is prepared in a suitable manner so that the average size of said grains is less than about half the thickness of said layer.
L'invention a également pour objet une poudre atomisée pour mettre en oeuvre le procédé selon l'invention, présentant une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes :
- la porosité ouverte de ladite poudre, correspondant à des pores de taille supérieure à 0,01 µm, est supérieure à 30%.
- le ratio (taille moyenne des agglomérats)/(taille moyenne des grains) est supérieur à environ 4.
- ladite poudre contient des composants de différentes natures et/ou de différentes morphologies.
- the open porosity of said powder, corresponding to pores of size greater than 0.01 μm, is greater than 30%.
- the ratio (average size of agglomerates) / (average grain size) is greater than around 4.
- said powder contains components of different natures and / or of different morphologies.
L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, donnée à titre d'exemple :The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, given by way of example:
L'installation de revêtement de tôle au trempé avec projection de poudre est connue en elle-même et ne sera pas décrite ici en détail ; elle comprend , notamment un bain de trempage de tôle, des moyens d'essorage pour réguler l'épaisseur de la couche métallique sur la tôle en sortie de bain, et un dispositif de projection de poudre sur la couche métallique encore à l'état fondu après essorage.The installation for coating sheet metal by dipping with powder spraying is known in itself and will not be described here in detail; it comprises, in particular a sheet dipping bath, wiping means for regulating the thickness of the metal layer on the sheet at the outlet of the bath, and a device for spraying powder onto the metal layer still in the molten state after spinning.
Pour préparer la poudre à projeter, on utilise une installation d'atomisation d'un type connu en lui-même et on procède d'une manière connue en elle-même, à partir du ou des composants de base de la matière à projeter sur la tôle.To prepare the powder to be sprayed, an atomization installation of a type known in itself is used and the procedure is carried out in a manner known per se, from the basic component or components of the material to be sprayed onto prison.
A titre d'exemple non limitatif, on part d'une ou plusieurs poudres de base.By way of nonlimiting example, one starts with one or more basic powders.
La nature et les proportions de ces poudres de base sont adaptées d'une manière connue en elle-même au type de traitement de couche métallique à effectuer.The nature and the proportions of these basic powders are adapted in a manner known per se to the type of metal layer treatment to be carried out.
On alimente l'installation d'atomisation à partir d'une composition de ces poudres de base, par exemple de suspensions et/ou solutions liquides de ces poudres de base.The atomization installation is supplied from a composition of these basic powders, for example suspensions and / or liquid solutions of these basic powders.
Selon une autre variante de l'invention, on peut partir directement de suspensions, notamment colloïdales, et/ou de solutions contenant les composants de base de la matière à projeter.According to another variant of the invention, it is possible to start directly from suspensions, in particular colloidal, and / or from solutions containing the basic components of the material to be sprayed.
On atomise la composition d'alimentation pour former une poudre atomisée, composée d'agglomérats rassemblants des grains élémentaires de poudre de base, éventuellement de différentes natures et de différentes morphologies.The feed composition is atomized to form an atomized powder, composed of agglomerates uniting elementary grains of base powder, possibly of different natures and of different morphologies.
Lorsque la matière à projeter contient plusieurs composants dans des proportions prédéterminées, l'atomisation peut servir à préformuler un mélange, en ce sens qu'on adapte d'une manière connue en elle-même les conditions d'atomisation pour obtenir, au sein même de chaque agglomérat de la poudre à projeter, un mélange de grains des différents composants dans lesdites proportions.When the material to be sprayed contains several components in predetermined proportions, atomization can be used to preformulate a mixture, in the sense that the atomization conditions are adapted in a manner known in itself to obtain, within of each agglomerate of the powder to be sprayed, a mixture of grains of the different components in the said proportions.
On détermine d'une manière connue en elle-même les conditions d'atomisation pour obtenir, selon l'invention, des agglomérats présentant une taille moyenne supérieure à l'épaisseur de la couche métallique fondue après essorage.The atomization conditions are determined in a manner known per se to obtain, according to the invention, agglomerates having an average size greater than the thickness of the molten metal layer after spinning.
La poudre atomisée, parce qu'elle est constituée d'agglomérats de grande taille, peut être manipulée avec encore moins de risques explosifs ou toxiques.The atomized powder, because it consists of large agglomerates, can be handled with even less explosive or toxic risks.
On choisit des poudres de base suffisamment fines ; ainsi, les agglomérats sont constitués de grains élémentaires suffisamment fins pour assurer une dispersion homogène de la matière à projeter dans la couche métallique.Choose sufficiently fine base powders; thus, the agglomerates consist of elementary grains which are sufficiently fine to ensure a homogeneous dispersion of the material to be sprayed into the metal layer.
De préférence, ces grains élémentaires présentent une taille moyenne inférieure à environ la moitié de l'épaisseur de la couche métallique fondue.Preferably, these elementary grains have an average size less than about half the thickness of the molten metal layer.
Ainsi, de préférence, on adapte d'une manière connue en elle-même les conditions d'atomisation pour que le ratio (taille moyenne des agglomérats)/(taille moyenne de grains élémentaires) soit supérieur à environ 4.Thus, preferably, the atomization conditions are adapted in a manner known per se so that the ratio (average size of the agglomerates) / (average size of elementary grains) is greater than approximately 4.
A la composition d'alimentation de l'installation d'atomisation, on rajoute en tant que de besoin un liant destiné renforcer si besoin la cohésion des agglomérats de la poudre atomisée.To the feed composition of the atomization installation, a binder is added as necessary to reinforce, if necessary, the cohesion of the agglomerates of the atomized powder.
Comme liant, on peut notamment utiliser de l'alcool polyvinylique.As binder, polyvinyl alcohol can in particular be used.
On détermine, également d'une manière connue en elle-même, les conditions d'atomisation ainsi que la nature et la proportion de liant dans la composition d'alimentation, pour obtenir une cohésion des agglomérats, certes faible mais suffisante.The atomization conditions as well as the nature and the proportion of binder in the feed composition are also determined in a manner known per se, in order to obtain cohesion of the agglomerates, admittedly weak but sufficient.
On entend par cohésion suffisante, une cohésion qui se conserve dans toutes les opérations de manipulation de la poudre situées entre l'atomisation elle-même et la projection sur la tôle en sortie de bain de revêtement.By sufficient cohesion is meant a cohesion which is preserved in all the operations for handling the powder situated between the atomization itself and the projection onto the sheet at the outlet of the coating bath.
On entend par cohésion faible, une cohésion qui disparaît sous l'impact de projection de l'agglomérat sur la tôle, afin d'assurer la dispersion des grains élémentaires de l'agglomérat dans la couche métallique à l'état fondu.By weak cohesion is meant a cohesion which disappears under the impact of projection of the agglomerate on the sheet, in order to ensure the dispersion of the elementary grains of the agglomerate in the metallic layer in the molten state.
La mesure de porosité, à savoir le ratio (volume total des pores)/(volume total d'un agglomérat), est un moyen connu d'évaluation de la cohésion des agglomérats.The measurement of porosity, namely the ratio (total volume of pores) / (total volume of an agglomerate), is a known means of evaluating the cohesion of the agglomerates.
De préférence, on adapte la proportion de liant et les conditions d'atomisation pour obtenir des agglomérats de porosité supérieure à environ 30%, la porosité mesurée ne prenant en compte que les pores de taille supérieure à 0,01 µm.Preferably, the proportion of binder and the atomization conditions are adapted to obtain agglomerates of porosity greater than about 30%, the porosity measured taking into account only the pores of size greater than 0.01 μm.
On va maintenant décrire globalement le procédé de traitement d'une couche métallique de revêtement selon l'invention, dans le cas de la galvanisation de tôle.We will now describe generally the process for treating a metallic coating layer according to the invention, in the case of sheet metal galvanization.
On procède au revêtement au trempé d'une tôle avec projection de poudre d'une manière connue en elle-même, à la différence près qu'on alimente le dispositif de projection de poudre par la poudre atomisée précédemment décrite.The coating is carried out by dipping a sheet metal with powder spraying in a manner known per se, with the difference that the powder spraying device is supplied with the atomized powder described above.
La tôle à revêtir est ici une tôle d'acier.The sheet to be coated is here a steel sheet.
Le bain métallique de revêtement est ici un bain de zinc.The metallic coating bath is here a zinc bath.
Selon d'autres variantes de l'invention, on peut utiliser d'autres types de bain métallique de revêtement au trempé, comme des bains d'alliages de zinc ou d'aluminium.According to other variants of the invention, other types of metallic dip coating bath can be used, such as baths of zinc or aluminum alloys.
On trempe donc la tôle à revêtir, on l'essore pour obtenir d'une manière connue en elle-même une épaisseur prédéterminée de couche métallique entraînée sur la tôle, puis, alors que la couche métallique est encore à l'état fondu, on projette sur ladite couche la poudre atomisée.The sheet to be coated is therefore quenched, it is wrung to obtain in a manner known per se a predetermined thickness of metallic layer entrained on the sheet, then, while the metallic layer is still in the molten state, projects the atomized powder onto said layer.
De préférence, la température de la couche métallique est supérieure d'au moins environ 10°C à celle de sa température de fusion.Preferably, the temperature of the metal layer is at least about 10 ° C higher than that of its melting temperature.
On adapte les conditions de projection de la poudre atomisée pour que les agglomérats qui la composent se brisent sous l'effet d'impact de projection contre la tôle, ce qui libère et disperse les grains élémentaires dans la couche métallique fondue.The spray conditions of the atomized powder are adapted so that the agglomerates that compose it break under the effect of the impact of projection against the sheet, which releases and disperses the elementary grains in the molten metal layer.
On assure ainsi une répartition uniforme de la matière projetée dans la couche métallique, notamment dans la profondeur, et par là-même, on obtient des tôles revêtues de meilleure qualité.This ensures a uniform distribution of the material projected into the metal layer, especially in the depth, and thereby, we obtain coated sheets of better quality.
La taille moyenne des agglomérats de la poudre atomisée étant supérieure à l'épaisseur de la couche métallique, il est plus facile que dans l'art antérieur de projeter ladite poudre avec suffisamment d'énergie pour que les grains élémentaires se dispersent dans la profondeur de la couche, au voisinage du substrat en tôle, ce qui représente un avantage essentiel de l'invention.The average size of the agglomerates of the atomized powder being greater than the thickness of the metal layer, it is easier than in the prior art to spray said powder with sufficient energy for the elementary grains to disperse in the depth of the layer, in the vicinity of the sheet metal substrate, which represents an essential advantage of the invention.
On ne manipule plus directement de poudre de fine granulométrie, ce qui évite de délicats problèmes de sécurité (environnement, déflagration).No fine-grained powder is no longer handled directly, which avoids delicate safety problems (environment, deflagration).
On constate également qu'il est beaucoup plus facile de mettre en oeuvre le dispositif de projection de poudre à partir de ces poudres atomisées et qu'on économise même de l'énergie (débit et pression de gaz dans ledit dispositif) : il est en effet beaucoup plus facile de projeter avec énergie une poudre de grosse granulométrie, comme une poudre atomisée présentant des agglomérats de grande taille, qu'une poudre de fine granulométrie.We also note that it is much easier to implement the powder spraying device from these atomized powders and that energy is even saved (gas flow and pressure in said device): it is in much easier effect of energetically projecting a powder of large particle size, such as an atomized powder having large agglomerates, than a powder of fine particle size.
Lorsque la matière à projeter contient plusieurs composants et qu'on utilise l'opération d'atomisation pour préformuler un mélange de ces composants, on diminue alors d'autant les contraintes de pilotage de l'installation de projection ; en effet, le mélange étant préformulé, on obtient beaucoup plus facilement que dans les procédés de l'art antérieur une répartition uniforme et homogène des grains élémentaires de la matière à projeter dans la couche métallique.When the material to be sprayed contains several components and the atomization operation is used to preformulate a mixture of these components, the constraints on controlling the spraying installation are therefore reduced; in fact, the mixture being preformulated, it is much easier to obtain than in the methods of the prior art a uniform and homogeneous distribution of the elementary grains of the material to be sprayed into the metal layer.
On peut donc aisément utiliser une poudre atomisée multi-composants, où les agglomérats comprennent des grains élémentaires "de coeur" enrobés par une autre matière.It is therefore easy to use a multi-component atomized powder, where the agglomerates comprise elementary "core" grains coated with another material.
A titre d'exemple non limitatif, les grains élémentaires de coeur sont des particules de silice et la matière d'enrobage est constituée de particules de métal de même nature que celui du bain de trempage de la tôle, ici par exemple, de particules de zinc.By way of nonlimiting example, the elementary grains of core are particles of silica and the coating material consists of particles of metal of the same nature as that of the dip bath of the sheet, here for example, particles of zinc.
Au moment de la projection de la poudre atomisée, la périphérie des agglomérats fond en premier lieu, libérant les particules d'oxydes qu'elle contient à coeur pour les disperser dans la couche métallique fondue.When the atomized powder is sprayed, the periphery of the agglomerates melts first, releasing the oxide particles it contains to the core to disperse them in the molten metal layer.
Ainsi, la poudre à projeter, grâce à sa méthode de préparation (atomisation) et à la taille de ses agglomérats, permet de traiter des couches métalliques (à l'état fondu) facilement et de manière très homogène.Thus, the powder to be sprayed, thanks to its method of preparation (atomization) and the size of its agglomerates, makes it possible to treat metallic layers (in the molten state) easily and in a very homogeneous manner.
Cet exemple a pour but d'illustrer l'invention dans le cas d'un traitement d'une couche métallique de revêtement par une poudre métallique de zinc.The purpose of this example is to illustrate the invention in the case of a treatment of a metallic coating layer with a metallic zinc powder.
Plus précisément, ce traitement prend place dans une opération de galvanisation, où, après trempé, la couche métallique à traiter présente une épaisseur de 10 µm environ.More precisely, this treatment takes place in a galvanizing operation, where, after quenching, the metal layer to be treated has a thickness of approximately 10 μm.
Comme poudre de base, on prend une poudre de zinc dont les grains présentent une taille moyenne de 4,5 µm environ.As a base powder, a zinc powder is used, the grains of which have an average size of approximately 4.5 μm.
On prépare une suspension de cette poudre de base et on y dilue de l'alcool polyvinylique à environ 3% en poids (par rapport au poids de poudre de base).A suspension of this base powder is prepared and polyvinyl alcohol is diluted to about 3% by weight (relative to the weight of base powder).
On atomise cette suspension (ou composition d'alimentation) de manière à obtenir des lots de poudre à projeter présentant des agglomérats de taille moyenne comprise entre 24 µm et 56 µm.This suspension (or feed composition) is atomized so as to obtain batches of powder to be sprayed having agglomerates of average size between 24 μm and 56 μm.
La porosité des poudres obtenues est de 33,8% environ et la porosité interne présente un diamètre moyen de 0,06 µm.The porosity of the powders obtained is approximately 33.8% and the internal porosity has an average diameter of 0.06 μm.
En sortie de trempé de galvanisation, on traite la couche métallique encore à l'état liquide en projetant un lot de poudre puis on solidifie.At the end of the galvanizing quench, the metal layer is still treated in the liquid state by spraying a batch of powder and then solidified.
Pour tous les lots de poudre (taille moyenne des agglomérats comprise entre 24 µm et 56 µm), on obtient un revêtement traité parfaitement homogène dans toute la profondeur.For all batches of powder (average size of agglomerates between 24 µm and 56 µm), a completely homogeneous treated coating is obtained throughout the depth.
Claims (5)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9512273A FR2740145B1 (en) | 1995-10-19 | 1995-10-19 | SHEET COATING PROCESS |
FR9512273 | 1995-10-19 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP0769567A1 true EP0769567A1 (en) | 1997-04-23 |
EP0769567B1 EP0769567B1 (en) | 2000-01-12 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP96402089A Expired - Lifetime EP0769567B1 (en) | 1995-10-19 | 1996-10-01 | Process for coating a sheet |
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US (1) | US5711990A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0769567B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP3875325B2 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE188748T1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2187860C (en) |
DE (1) | DE69606132T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2142556T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2740145B1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2009083483A1 (en) * | 2007-12-20 | 2009-07-09 | Centre De Recherches Metallurgiques Asbl - Centrum Voor Research In De Metallurgie Vzw | Coating alloy obtained by powder spraying |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US7413769B2 (en) * | 2005-07-01 | 2008-08-19 | Mcdevitt Erin T | Process for applying a metallic coating, an intermediate coated product, and a finish coated product |
US20090252988A1 (en) * | 2008-04-04 | 2009-10-08 | Honeywell International Inc. | Coated components for use in high temperature environments and methods of forming a coating on the component |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2236013A1 (en) * | 1973-07-06 | 1975-01-31 | Heurtey Metallurgie | Treating galvanised coatings on sheet metal - to give semi- brilliant appearance by seeding molten coating with powdered material |
JPS62224699A (en) * | 1986-03-26 | 1987-10-02 | Nippon Steel Corp | Steel sheet coated with zn-base layer by dispersion plating and having superior weldability |
JPH0293053A (en) * | 1988-09-29 | 1990-04-03 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Production of zn-mg alloy plated steel sheet having high corrosion resistance |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3017689A (en) * | 1958-03-27 | 1962-01-23 | United States Steel Corp | Anti-skid tread plate |
JPS4937693B1 (en) * | 1968-04-25 | 1974-10-11 | ||
BE757252A (en) * | 1969-10-09 | 1971-03-16 | British Steel Corp | A process for producing a coated ferrous substrate. |
US4111154A (en) * | 1977-04-11 | 1978-09-05 | Heurtey Metallurgie | Apparatus for the surface treatment of galvanized sheet-iron |
US4568569A (en) * | 1983-02-28 | 1986-02-04 | Stein Heurtey | Method and apparatus for providing composite metallic coatings on metallic strips |
US4873153A (en) * | 1987-06-25 | 1989-10-10 | Occidental Chemical Corporation | Hot-dip galvanized coating for steel |
-
1995
- 1995-10-19 FR FR9512273A patent/FR2740145B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1996
- 1996-10-01 DE DE69606132T patent/DE69606132T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-10-01 ES ES96402089T patent/ES2142556T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-10-01 AT AT96402089T patent/ATE188748T1/en active
- 1996-10-01 EP EP96402089A patent/EP0769567B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-10-15 CA CA002187860A patent/CA2187860C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-10-16 US US08/733,071 patent/US5711990A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-10-18 JP JP29758396A patent/JP3875325B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2236013A1 (en) * | 1973-07-06 | 1975-01-31 | Heurtey Metallurgie | Treating galvanised coatings on sheet metal - to give semi- brilliant appearance by seeding molten coating with powdered material |
JPS62224699A (en) * | 1986-03-26 | 1987-10-02 | Nippon Steel Corp | Steel sheet coated with zn-base layer by dispersion plating and having superior weldability |
JPH0293053A (en) * | 1988-09-29 | 1990-04-03 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Production of zn-mg alloy plated steel sheet having high corrosion resistance |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
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PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 12, no. 92 (C - 483) 25 March 1988 (1988-03-25) * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 14, no. 294 (C - 0732) 26 June 1990 (1990-06-26) * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2009083483A1 (en) * | 2007-12-20 | 2009-07-09 | Centre De Recherches Metallurgiques Asbl - Centrum Voor Research In De Metallurgie Vzw | Coating alloy obtained by powder spraying |
EP2103706A1 (en) * | 2008-03-17 | 2009-09-23 | CENTRE DE RECHERCHES METALLURGIQUES a.s.b.l., CENTRUM VOOR RESEARCH IN DE METALLURGIE v.z.w. | Covering alloy obtained by projection of powder |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69606132D1 (en) | 2000-02-17 |
EP0769567B1 (en) | 2000-01-12 |
JP3875325B2 (en) | 2007-01-31 |
ES2142556T3 (en) | 2000-04-16 |
DE69606132T2 (en) | 2000-09-28 |
CA2187860C (en) | 2003-08-05 |
US5711990A (en) | 1998-01-27 |
FR2740145B1 (en) | 1997-11-14 |
ATE188748T1 (en) | 2000-01-15 |
CA2187860A1 (en) | 1997-04-20 |
JPH09111468A (en) | 1997-04-28 |
FR2740145A1 (en) | 1997-04-25 |
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