EP0765427B1 - Outil articule de forage - Google Patents
Outil articule de forage Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0765427B1 EP0765427B1 EP95923382A EP95923382A EP0765427B1 EP 0765427 B1 EP0765427 B1 EP 0765427B1 EP 95923382 A EP95923382 A EP 95923382A EP 95923382 A EP95923382 A EP 95923382A EP 0765427 B1 EP0765427 B1 EP 0765427B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tool body
- tool
- hollow shaft
- drilling
- ball
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 210000004417 patella Anatomy 0.000 description 10
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 9
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000045947 parasite Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
- E21B17/04—Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like
- E21B17/05—Swivel joints
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/10—Wear protectors; Centralising devices, e.g. stabilisers
- E21B17/1057—Centralising devices with rollers or with a relatively rotating sleeve
- E21B17/1064—Pipes or rods with a relatively rotating sleeve
Definitions
- the invention relates to a well drilling tool oil, gas or geothermal, animated in rotation, either from the surface by a rotating system of rods and drill rods, either by a downhole motor.
- the tool has two main organs.
- the first is a hollow tree which is assembled by one of its ends either to the last rod of the train, or to the motor shaft by which must then be brought in the drilling mud.
- training organ in both cases, the rod or shaft of the motor to which assemble the hollow shaft belonging to the tool.
- body of tool the blind tubular body, hereinafter called “body of tool”, the closed end of which externally carries the sharp, and whose open end allows the passage of the hollow tree.
- the main organs are in spherical connection and this connection is materialized by a ball joint; we call “center of the patella”the center common to the two spherical surfaces that she puts in contact.
- center of the patella the center common to the two spherical surfaces that she puts in contact.
- the existence of this spherical bond requires the use of a second link allowing the transmission of the drilling torque from the hollow shaft to the body the tool while respecting the relative freedoms of these two organs, arising from their spherical connection.
- the object of the present invention is preferably intended for drilling in a straight line.
- This tool has a relatively slender body, the ball joint is located at the very bottom of the blind end of the tool body which carries at its other end a stabilizer, and the system of transmission, separate from the patella, is located on the same side of this ball joint as the stabilizer.
- the distance between the center of the ball joint and stabilizer, precisely between this center and the plane perpendicular to the axis of the tool located halfway up this stabilizer, must be at least about 2.5 times the diameter of the tool body, and all the greater as the lateral aggressiveness of the cutting edges of the tool is larger.
- the transmission systems used in the object tool of the invention are distinguished from those used in articulated tools known by the fact that they are external to the ball joint which avoids thus starting the bearing surfaces, and by the fact that they comprise, between the hollow shaft and the tool body, an intermediate element surrounding the hollow tree.
- This item is linked with each of the main organs by specific teeth when this element is rigid, or by assembly when it is deformable (flexible shell). In any case, we will say that it is a "variable configuration" transmission.
- the advantages presented by the object of the invention tool situate in the dynamic behavior of it. This behavior is made largely independent of movement parasites of the drive member, without this independence prevents the tool from reacting to most annoying vibrations excited by the movement of cut and without its two main organs being able to put in configuration of bracing. These advantages result from the relative position of the patella and the stabilizer belonging to the tool body.
- the axis of the hollow shaft assembled to the drive member is assumed to be maintained by this one in the axis of the well already drilled and the tool is assumed, as a result of the cutting conditions it meets, tend to initiate a movement of precession.
- the position of the center of the patella which identifies the top of the precession cone, allows the tool body to react spontaneously to tilting resulting for the cutting effort: this effort tends itself to bring the tool body back in coaxiality with the shaft hollow, with a sensitivity all the greater as the center of the patella is located further from the contact surfaces of this ball joint, in the direction of the advance movement of the tool.
- the action of the stabilizer prevents the relative inclination of the tool becomes sufficient to cause contact between the hollow shaft and the tool body to the open end of it, before the spontaneous reaction of the tool.
- a deformation of the drive member is supposed to bring the axis of the shaft hollow to tilt relative to the axis of the well.
- the axis of the hollow shaft then describes with respect to the axis of the well a cone whose apex coincides with the center of the patella.
- the tool body tends to follow the hollow shaft in this movement but the stabilizer prevents it, in a way particularly effective if the stabilizer is linked rotoid with the tool body: this therefore continues to progress in the axis of the well, independently of the movement disturbed that the deformed drive member imposes on the tree hollow.
- the single figure shows by way of non-limiting example a drilling tool according to the invention.
- the hollow shaft 1 is assembled by one of its ends to the drive member, not represented, by means of the conical thread 3.
- the hollow shaft 1 is spherically connected with the tool body 2 by a ball joint, located in the closed end of the tool body and consisting of the element 4 carrying the male surface and integral with the tool body as well that of element 5 carrying the female surface and integral with the hollow tree.
- the male and female contact surfaces, in conformity in the patella, are centered at point A which we called center of the patella.
- the hollow shaft 1 and the body of tool 2 are connected a second time by the sleeve 6 which has a straight interior toothing 7 and a toothing curved outer 8.
- the right inner toothing 7 of the sleeve meshes with the domed outer toothing 9, of the same number teeth, machined on the part 10 integral with the hollow shaft and the curved outer toothing 8 of the sleeve meshes with the toothing inner right 11, of the same number of teeth, integral with the tool body.
- This second connection between the hollow shaft and the tool body is therefore in the form of a deformable coupling, the sleeve 6 having a contact additional punctual by surface 12 with part 5 of the ball joint, so as to limit the forward translation absolute of the sleeve.
- the spherical connection produced by the ball 4.5 being here unilateral, i.e. capable of transmitting, from the hollow shaft to the tool body an effort directed in the direction of movement only in advance, a substitute contact is provided between the surface 13 linked to the hollow shaft and the surface 14 linked to the tool body, when lowering or raising the the tool, to allow, during these operations, the transmission of an acting force from the hollow shaft to the body opposite the direction that the ball joint can transmit.
- Two sealing systems using respectively the membranes 15 and 16 isolate drilling mud, between the shaft hollow and the tool body, an oil chamber 17 containing the essential lubricant for the ball joint and coupling.
- the membrane 15 front membrane
- This membrane which separates the descending mud flow (at high pressure) from the lubricant contained in the oil chamber, is in compliance with metallic surfaces on most of its extent, and it is free over an extent of its surface just sufficient for it to have the necessary deformability relative deflections of the hollow shaft relative to the tool body during tool operation, and during its descent or ascent, to allow contact surfaces 13 and 14.
- the membrane 16 (rear membrane) whose shape in the state free is that of a truncated cone, is attached by the perimeter of its small base on the outer surface of the tree hollow, and by the perimeter of its large base on the surface inside the tool body, so that the small base is located on the side of the open part of the tool body.
- side openings such as 18 are drilled in the body of the tool, at the level of the membrane 16, so as to bring back at this point the flow of rising mud inside the tool body, and thus create, along the back side of the membrane, a sweeping effect preventing any sedimentation of hard bodies near this membrane.
- the tool includes a stabilizer 19 in the vicinity of the open end of the tool body.
- this stabilizer 19 is in rotoid connection with the tool body by means of the bearings 20 and 21, lubricated separately, with grease, during assembly and interviews.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
- Dowels (AREA)
Description
Claims (5)
- Outil de forage de puits pétroliers, gaziers ou géothermiques, animé en rotation par un organe d'entraínement qui lui transmet aussi un effort d'avance, constitué de deux organes principaux, dont l'un est un arbre creux (1) assemblé par l'une de ses extrémités (3) à l'organe d'entraínement, et l'autre un corps tubulaire borgne (2) appelé ici corps d'outil, dont l'extrémité fermée porte extérieurement les tranchants et dont l'extrémité ouverte permet le passage de l'arbre creux, dans lequel les organes principaux sont en liaison sphérique, CARACTERISE :en ce que l'arbre creux transmet le couple de forage au corps d'outil par un système de transmission dit à configuration variable comprenant, entre l'arbre creux et le corps de l'outil, un élément intermédiaire (6)mis en liaison avec chacun des organes principaux,en ce qu'une rotule (4,5) matérialisant la liaison sphérique est localisée tout au fond de la partie borgne du corps d'outil,en ce que le corps d'outil porte un stabilisateur (19) localisé à son autre extrémité, à une distance du centre de la rotule de l'ordre de 2,5 fois au moins le diamètre extérieur du corps d'outil,en ce que le système de transmission à configuration variable (6,7,8,9,11) est séparé de la rotule et localisé du même côté de cette rotule que le stabilisateur eten ce que ce système utilise pour transmettre le couple de forage l'élément intermédiaire (6) entourant l'arbre creux.
- Outil de forage conforme à la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que la liaison sphérique (4,5) localisée dans le fond du corps d'outil est unilatérale, de manière à ne transmettre, de l'arbre creux au corps d'outil, qu'un effort dirigé dans le sens du mouvement d'avance, le centre (A) de la rotule qui réalise la liaison sphérique unilatérale pouvant ainsi être reporté le plus loin possible dans le sens du mouvement d'avance.
- Outil de forage conforme à la revendication 1, caractérisé :en ce que le système à transmission à configuration variable est constitué d'un manchon (6) contenu dans le corps d'outil (2), portant à l'une de ses extrémités une denture droite intérieure (7) et à l'autre extrémité une denture bombée extérieure (8),en ce que la denture droite intérieure (7) de ce manchon engrène avec une denture extérieure bombée (9) de même nombre de dents, solidaire de l'arbre creux et,en ce que la denture extérieure bombée du manchon (8) engrène avec une denture intérieure droite (11) de même nombre de dents, solidaire du corps d'outil, de manière à constituer un accouplement déformable entre l'arbre creux et le corps d'outil, un appui ponctuel supplémentaire (12) du manchon sur l'un des organes principaux de l'outil limitant unilatéralement la translation absolue du manchon sans en restreindre les libertés relatives.
- Outil de forage conforme à la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le stabilisateur (19) localisé au voisinage de l'extrémité ouverte du corps d'outil est en liaison rotoïde (20,21) avec le corps d'outil.
- Outil de forage conforme à la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'un double système d'étanchéité déformable (15,16) isole, entre l'arbre creux et le corps d'outil, une chambre à huile (17) contenant la rotule et le joint de transmission, et en ce que ce double système d'étanchéité est constitué d'une membrane avant (15), dont la forme à l'état libre est celle d'un tube portant une bride à une de ses extrémités, la partie de forme tubulaire de cette membrane étant engagée dans la surface intérieure de l'arbre creux et la bride étant engagée dans le corps d'outil, et une membrane arrière (16), dont la forme libre est celle d'un tronc de cône, et qui se trouve attachée dans la surface extérieure de l'arbre creux (1) et dans la surface intérieure du corps d'outil (2), de manière que la petite base du tronc de cône soit située du côté de la partie ouverte du corps d'outil et,en ce que le corps d'outil (2) présente à hauteur de la membrane arrière (16) des ouvertures (18) permettant de ramener le flux de boue remontante à l'intérieur du corps d'outil en créant le long de la membrane arrière (16) un effet de balayage empêchant la sédimentation de particules dures entre la membrane et le corps d'outil.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9407551 | 1994-06-15 | ||
FR9407551A FR2721346B1 (fr) | 1994-06-15 | 1994-06-15 | Outil articulé pour le forage de puits pétroliers, gaziers ou géothermiques. |
PCT/FR1995/000779 WO1995034741A1 (fr) | 1994-06-15 | 1995-06-14 | Outil articule de forage |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0765427A1 EP0765427A1 (fr) | 1997-04-02 |
EP0765427B1 true EP0765427B1 (fr) | 1998-08-12 |
Family
ID=9464425
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95923382A Expired - Lifetime EP0765427B1 (fr) | 1994-06-15 | 1995-06-14 | Outil articule de forage |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5836407A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0765427B1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2190658C (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69504070T2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2721346B1 (fr) |
NO (1) | NO965359L (fr) |
RU (1) | RU2133814C1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1995034741A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB9402216D0 (en) * | 1994-02-04 | 1994-03-30 | Bp Exploration Operating | Drilling bit assembly and apparatus |
FR2813340B1 (fr) * | 2000-08-29 | 2002-12-06 | Geoservices | Dispositif pour deplacer radialement deux organes l'un par rapport a l'autre et dispositif de forage en comportant application |
US7658244B2 (en) * | 2002-07-26 | 2010-02-09 | Wirth Maschinen-Und Bohrgerate-Fabrik Gmbh | Device for advancing drillings in the ground |
WO2012048458A1 (fr) * | 2010-10-12 | 2012-04-19 | 石家庄中煤装备制造股份有限公司 | Outil de forage assemblé |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR77179E (fr) * | 1960-02-17 | 1962-01-27 | Soletanche | Procédé de forage utilisant la méthode dite <à circulation inverse> et dispositifs pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé |
GB2190411B (en) * | 1986-05-16 | 1990-02-21 | Shell Int Research | Apparatus for directional drilling. |
US5503236A (en) * | 1993-09-03 | 1996-04-02 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Swivel/tilting bit crown for earth-boring drills |
US5472057A (en) * | 1994-04-11 | 1995-12-05 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Drilling with casing and retrievable bit-motor assembly |
-
1994
- 1994-06-15 FR FR9407551A patent/FR2721346B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-06-14 US US08/750,467 patent/US5836407A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-06-14 DE DE69504070T patent/DE69504070T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-06-14 CA CA002190658A patent/CA2190658C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-06-14 WO PCT/FR1995/000779 patent/WO1995034741A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1995-06-14 RU RU97100732/03A patent/RU2133814C1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-06-14 EP EP95923382A patent/EP0765427B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1996
- 1996-12-13 NO NO965359A patent/NO965359L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2190658A1 (fr) | 1995-12-21 |
FR2721346A1 (fr) | 1995-12-22 |
NO965359L (no) | 1997-02-13 |
NO965359D0 (no) | 1996-12-13 |
DE69504070D1 (de) | 1998-09-17 |
RU2133814C1 (ru) | 1999-07-27 |
FR2721346B1 (fr) | 1996-08-30 |
CA2190658C (fr) | 1999-09-28 |
DE69504070T2 (de) | 1999-05-27 |
WO1995034741A1 (fr) | 1995-12-21 |
EP0765427A1 (fr) | 1997-04-02 |
US5836407A (en) | 1998-11-17 |
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