EP0765427B1 - Gelenkiges bohrwerkzeug - Google Patents

Gelenkiges bohrwerkzeug Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0765427B1
EP0765427B1 EP95923382A EP95923382A EP0765427B1 EP 0765427 B1 EP0765427 B1 EP 0765427B1 EP 95923382 A EP95923382 A EP 95923382A EP 95923382 A EP95923382 A EP 95923382A EP 0765427 B1 EP0765427 B1 EP 0765427B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tool body
tool
hollow shaft
drilling
ball
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95923382A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0765427A1 (de
Inventor
André Leroy
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
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Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0765427A1 publication Critical patent/EP0765427A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0765427B1 publication Critical patent/EP0765427B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
    • E21B17/04—Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like
    • E21B17/05—Swivel joints
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/10—Wear protectors; Centralising devices, e.g. stabilisers
    • E21B17/1057—Centralising devices with rollers or with a relatively rotating sleeve
    • E21B17/1064—Pipes or rods with a relatively rotating sleeve

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a well drilling tool oil, gas or geothermal, animated in rotation, either from the surface by a rotating system of rods and drill rods, either by a downhole motor.
  • the tool has two main organs.
  • the first is a hollow tree which is assembled by one of its ends either to the last rod of the train, or to the motor shaft by which must then be brought in the drilling mud.
  • training organ in both cases, the rod or shaft of the motor to which assemble the hollow shaft belonging to the tool.
  • body of tool the blind tubular body, hereinafter called “body of tool”, the closed end of which externally carries the sharp, and whose open end allows the passage of the hollow tree.
  • the main organs are in spherical connection and this connection is materialized by a ball joint; we call “center of the patella”the center common to the two spherical surfaces that she puts in contact.
  • center of the patella the center common to the two spherical surfaces that she puts in contact.
  • the existence of this spherical bond requires the use of a second link allowing the transmission of the drilling torque from the hollow shaft to the body the tool while respecting the relative freedoms of these two organs, arising from their spherical connection.
  • the object of the present invention is preferably intended for drilling in a straight line.
  • This tool has a relatively slender body, the ball joint is located at the very bottom of the blind end of the tool body which carries at its other end a stabilizer, and the system of transmission, separate from the patella, is located on the same side of this ball joint as the stabilizer.
  • the distance between the center of the ball joint and stabilizer, precisely between this center and the plane perpendicular to the axis of the tool located halfway up this stabilizer, must be at least about 2.5 times the diameter of the tool body, and all the greater as the lateral aggressiveness of the cutting edges of the tool is larger.
  • the transmission systems used in the object tool of the invention are distinguished from those used in articulated tools known by the fact that they are external to the ball joint which avoids thus starting the bearing surfaces, and by the fact that they comprise, between the hollow shaft and the tool body, an intermediate element surrounding the hollow tree.
  • This item is linked with each of the main organs by specific teeth when this element is rigid, or by assembly when it is deformable (flexible shell). In any case, we will say that it is a "variable configuration" transmission.
  • the advantages presented by the object of the invention tool situate in the dynamic behavior of it. This behavior is made largely independent of movement parasites of the drive member, without this independence prevents the tool from reacting to most annoying vibrations excited by the movement of cut and without its two main organs being able to put in configuration of bracing. These advantages result from the relative position of the patella and the stabilizer belonging to the tool body.
  • the axis of the hollow shaft assembled to the drive member is assumed to be maintained by this one in the axis of the well already drilled and the tool is assumed, as a result of the cutting conditions it meets, tend to initiate a movement of precession.
  • the position of the center of the patella which identifies the top of the precession cone, allows the tool body to react spontaneously to tilting resulting for the cutting effort: this effort tends itself to bring the tool body back in coaxiality with the shaft hollow, with a sensitivity all the greater as the center of the patella is located further from the contact surfaces of this ball joint, in the direction of the advance movement of the tool.
  • the action of the stabilizer prevents the relative inclination of the tool becomes sufficient to cause contact between the hollow shaft and the tool body to the open end of it, before the spontaneous reaction of the tool.
  • a deformation of the drive member is supposed to bring the axis of the shaft hollow to tilt relative to the axis of the well.
  • the axis of the hollow shaft then describes with respect to the axis of the well a cone whose apex coincides with the center of the patella.
  • the tool body tends to follow the hollow shaft in this movement but the stabilizer prevents it, in a way particularly effective if the stabilizer is linked rotoid with the tool body: this therefore continues to progress in the axis of the well, independently of the movement disturbed that the deformed drive member imposes on the tree hollow.
  • the single figure shows by way of non-limiting example a drilling tool according to the invention.
  • the hollow shaft 1 is assembled by one of its ends to the drive member, not represented, by means of the conical thread 3.
  • the hollow shaft 1 is spherically connected with the tool body 2 by a ball joint, located in the closed end of the tool body and consisting of the element 4 carrying the male surface and integral with the tool body as well that of element 5 carrying the female surface and integral with the hollow tree.
  • the male and female contact surfaces, in conformity in the patella, are centered at point A which we called center of the patella.
  • the hollow shaft 1 and the body of tool 2 are connected a second time by the sleeve 6 which has a straight interior toothing 7 and a toothing curved outer 8.
  • the right inner toothing 7 of the sleeve meshes with the domed outer toothing 9, of the same number teeth, machined on the part 10 integral with the hollow shaft and the curved outer toothing 8 of the sleeve meshes with the toothing inner right 11, of the same number of teeth, integral with the tool body.
  • This second connection between the hollow shaft and the tool body is therefore in the form of a deformable coupling, the sleeve 6 having a contact additional punctual by surface 12 with part 5 of the ball joint, so as to limit the forward translation absolute of the sleeve.
  • the spherical connection produced by the ball 4.5 being here unilateral, i.e. capable of transmitting, from the hollow shaft to the tool body an effort directed in the direction of movement only in advance, a substitute contact is provided between the surface 13 linked to the hollow shaft and the surface 14 linked to the tool body, when lowering or raising the the tool, to allow, during these operations, the transmission of an acting force from the hollow shaft to the body opposite the direction that the ball joint can transmit.
  • Two sealing systems using respectively the membranes 15 and 16 isolate drilling mud, between the shaft hollow and the tool body, an oil chamber 17 containing the essential lubricant for the ball joint and coupling.
  • the membrane 15 front membrane
  • This membrane which separates the descending mud flow (at high pressure) from the lubricant contained in the oil chamber, is in compliance with metallic surfaces on most of its extent, and it is free over an extent of its surface just sufficient for it to have the necessary deformability relative deflections of the hollow shaft relative to the tool body during tool operation, and during its descent or ascent, to allow contact surfaces 13 and 14.
  • the membrane 16 (rear membrane) whose shape in the state free is that of a truncated cone, is attached by the perimeter of its small base on the outer surface of the tree hollow, and by the perimeter of its large base on the surface inside the tool body, so that the small base is located on the side of the open part of the tool body.
  • side openings such as 18 are drilled in the body of the tool, at the level of the membrane 16, so as to bring back at this point the flow of rising mud inside the tool body, and thus create, along the back side of the membrane, a sweeping effect preventing any sedimentation of hard bodies near this membrane.
  • the tool includes a stabilizer 19 in the vicinity of the open end of the tool body.
  • this stabilizer 19 is in rotoid connection with the tool body by means of the bearings 20 and 21, lubricated separately, with grease, during assembly and interviews.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
  • Dowels (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Bohrwerkzeug für Erdöl-, Gas- oder geothermische Bohrungen, welches mittels eines Antriebsteils in Drehung versetzt wird, welches auf das Werkzeug auch eine Vortriebskraft überträgt, wobei das Bohrwerkzeug aus zwei Hauptelementen besteht, von denen das eine eine Hohlwelle (1) ist, die über eines ihrer Enden (3) mit dem Antriebsteil verbunden ist, und das andere ein rohrförmiger Korpus mit Blindbohrung (2) ist, der hier als Werkzeugkörper bezeichnet wird und dessen geschlossenes Ende den Durchtritt der Hohlwelle gestattet, bei welchem sich die Hauptelemente in Kugelverbindung befinden, dadurch GEKENNZEICHNET:
    daß die Hohlwelle das Bohrmoment auf den Werkzeugkörper über ein Übertragungssystem überträgt, das als System mit variabler Auslegung bezeichnet wird und zwischen der Hohlwelle und dem Werkzeugkörper ein Zwischenelement (6) aufweist, das mit jedem der Hauptteile in Verbindung gebracht ist,
    daß ganz am Boden des Blindabschnitts es Werkzeugkörpers ein Kugelgelenk (4, 5) zur Realisierung der Kugelverbindung angeordnet ist,
    daß der Werkzeugkörper einen Stabilisator (19) trägt, der sich an seinem anderen Ende in einem Abstand vom Kugelgelenk befindet, der im Größenbereich des mindestens 2,5-fachen des Außendurchmessers des Werkzeugkörpers liegt,
    daß das Übertragungssystem mit variabler Auslegung (6, 7, 8, 9, 11) vom Kugelgelenk getrennt ist und sich auf derselben Seite dieses Kugelgelenks wie der Stabilisator befindet, und
    daß dieses System zur Übertragung des Bohrmoments ein Zwischenelement (6) einsetzt, welches die Hohlwelle umschließt.
  2. Bohrwerkzeug nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die sich am Grund des Werkzeugkörpers befindende Kugelverbindung (4, 5) einseitig in der Weise ist, daß sie von der Hohlwelle zum Werkzeugkörper nur eine Kraft überträgt, die in Richtung der Vorschubbewegung verläuft, wobei der Mittelpunkt (A) des die einseitige Kugelverbindung bildenden Kugelgelenks somit so weit wie möglich in Richtung der Vorschubbewegung verschoben werden kann.
  3. Bohrwerkzeug nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet:
    daß das Übertragungssystem mit variabler Auslegung aus einer im Werkzeugkörper (2) enthaltenen Manschette (6) besteht, welche an einem ihrer Enden eine innen verlaufende Geradverzahnung (7) und am anderen Ende eine gewölbte Außenverzahnung (8) aufweist,
    daß die innen verlaufende Geradverzahnung (7) dieser Manschette mit einer gewölbten Außenverzahnung (9) mit derselben Anzahl Zähne in Eingriff steht, welche fest mit der Hohlwelle verbunden ist, und
    daß die gewölbte Außenverzahnung der Manschette (8) mit einer innen verlaufenden Geradverzahnung (11) mit derselben Anzahl Zähne in Eingriff steht, welche fest mit dem Werkzeugkörper in der Weise verbunden ist, daß eine verformbare Kupplung zwischen der Hohlwelle und dem Werkzeugkörper gebildet wird, wobei eine zusätzliche Punktabstützung (12) der Manschette auf einem der Hauptelemente des Werkzeugs die absolute Verschiebung der Manschette einseitig begrenzt, ohne dabei die relativen Freiheitsgrade zu beschränken.
  4. Bohrwerkzeug nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Stabilisator (19), der sich in der Nähe des offenen Endes des Werkzeugkörpers befindet, mit dem Werkzeugkörper in Rotoidverbindung steht.
  5. Bohrwerkzeug nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen der Hohlwelle und dem Werkzeugkörper ein doppeltes verformbares Dichtungssystem (15, 16) eine Olkammer (17) abtrennt, welche das Kugelgelenk und die Gelenkverbindung zur Übertragung enthält, und daß das doppelte Dichtungssystem aus einer vorderen Membran (15) besteht, deren Form im freien Zustand die Form eines Rohres hat, welches an einem seiner Enden einen Bügel trägt, wobei der rohrförmige Bereich dieser Membran in der Innenfläche der Hohlwelle in Eingriff steht und der Bügel im Werkzeugkörper in Eingriff steht, sowie eine rückwärtige Membran (16), deren freie Form kegelstumpfförmig ist und die in der Außenfläche der Hohlwelle und in der Innenfläche des Werkzeugkörpers (2) in der Weise befestigt ist, daß die kleine Basis des Kegelstumpfs sich auf der Seite des offenen Abschnitts des Werkzeugkörpers befindet, und
    daß der Werkzeugkörper (2) in Höhe der rückwärtigen Membran (16) Öffnungen (18) aufweist, welche die Rückführung des vom Innenraum des Werkzeugkörpers wieder hochsteigenden Schlammflusses gestattet, wobei entlang der rückwärtigen Membran eine Abstreifwirkung herbeigeführt wird, durch welche die Ablagerung harter Teilchen zwischen der Membran und dem Werkzeugkörper verhindert wird.
EP95923382A 1994-06-15 1995-06-14 Gelenkiges bohrwerkzeug Expired - Lifetime EP0765427B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9407551 1994-06-15
FR9407551A FR2721346B1 (fr) 1994-06-15 1994-06-15 Outil articulé pour le forage de puits pétroliers, gaziers ou géothermiques.
PCT/FR1995/000779 WO1995034741A1 (fr) 1994-06-15 1995-06-14 Outil articule de forage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0765427A1 EP0765427A1 (de) 1997-04-02
EP0765427B1 true EP0765427B1 (de) 1998-08-12

Family

ID=9464425

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95923382A Expired - Lifetime EP0765427B1 (de) 1994-06-15 1995-06-14 Gelenkiges bohrwerkzeug

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US5836407A (de)
EP (1) EP0765427B1 (de)
CA (1) CA2190658C (de)
DE (1) DE69504070T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2721346B1 (de)
NO (1) NO965359L (de)
RU (1) RU2133814C1 (de)
WO (1) WO1995034741A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9402216D0 (en) * 1994-02-04 1994-03-30 Bp Exploration Operating Drilling bit assembly and apparatus
FR2813340B1 (fr) * 2000-08-29 2002-12-06 Geoservices Dispositif pour deplacer radialement deux organes l'un par rapport a l'autre et dispositif de forage en comportant application
US7658244B2 (en) * 2002-07-26 2010-02-09 Wirth Maschinen-Und Bohrgerate-Fabrik Gmbh Device for advancing drillings in the ground
WO2012048458A1 (zh) * 2010-10-12 2012-04-19 石家庄中煤装备制造股份有限公司 组合钻具

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR77179E (fr) * 1960-02-17 1962-01-27 Soletanche Procédé de forage utilisant la méthode dite <à circulation inverse> et dispositifs pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé
GB2190411B (en) * 1986-05-16 1990-02-21 Shell Int Research Apparatus for directional drilling.
US5503236A (en) * 1993-09-03 1996-04-02 Baker Hughes Incorporated Swivel/tilting bit crown for earth-boring drills
US5472057A (en) * 1994-04-11 1995-12-05 Atlantic Richfield Company Drilling with casing and retrievable bit-motor assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2190658A1 (fr) 1995-12-21
FR2721346A1 (fr) 1995-12-22
NO965359L (no) 1997-02-13
NO965359D0 (no) 1996-12-13
DE69504070D1 (de) 1998-09-17
RU2133814C1 (ru) 1999-07-27
FR2721346B1 (fr) 1996-08-30
CA2190658C (fr) 1999-09-28
DE69504070T2 (de) 1999-05-27
WO1995034741A1 (fr) 1995-12-21
EP0765427A1 (de) 1997-04-02
US5836407A (en) 1998-11-17

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