EP0761908A1 - Strut, especially floor supporting strut in building construction - Google Patents

Abstract

The component (1) has at least one hole with inner facing widened in relation to adjoining material thickness of another component (3). The component is secured to another component by a pin (4) and hole (6) connection. The hole's inner face is widened by a support nozzle (9) produced by stamp forming on the load side (8) of the hole. The support surface of the nozzle is accurately matched to a corresponding inner facing area of the hole. The two components can move telescopically in relation to one another, and are secured at least in relation to a load direction.

Description

The invention relates to a support, in particular a ceiling support for construction purposes, with two support elements which can be telescoped relative to one another and which can be locked via a pin / hole connection at least with respect to a load direction, the hole friction of the holes of at least one support element being widened compared to an adjacent profile thickness of the respective support element . Furthermore, the invention relates to a method according to claim 4 and an apparatus therefor according to claim 8.

Such supports generally consist of a tubular inner support element and a tubular outer support element in which the inner support element can be telescoped. On the outer circumference of the outer support element there is a thread, at least in some areas, and two elongated holes arranged opposite one another parallel to the thread. A support ring is screwed onto the thread, which serves to support a pin bolt inserted through the two elongated holes. The inner support element has holes at a predetermined distance through which the pin bolt can be inserted. The entire support is then finely adjusted by turning the support ring. With such supports, two factors play a crucial role. Firstly, you want to make the supports as light as possible so that they are easy to use. On the other hand, the problem arises in this context that the greatest load on the reveal of the holes into which the pin bolt is inserted is absorbed as far as possible in such a way that no inadmissible deformations occur. To take this into account, it was already proposed in DE-OS 29 35 187 and DE-OS 44 00 360 to increase the profile thickness in the area of the holes of the inner support element over the entire length, so that the hole reveal of the holes is widened. This broadening is usually achieved by choosing appropriate roll profiles or by welding a reinforcement. Although such a design already saves a lot of weight with sufficient strength Reveal perforation, efforts are nevertheless made to make further improvements.

It is the object of the present invention to provide a support of the type mentioned at the outset which provides sufficient strength in the hole area with the lowest possible profile weight.

This object is achieved in that the widening of the hole reveal is formed by stamping a support lug arranged on one side on the loading side of the hole, the support surface of which is essentially adapted to a corresponding perforated area of the hole.

This means that the invention artificially creates a compression in the load area of the perforated soffit, as would arise when using the supports under too high soffit pressure or as a normal "aging phenomenon". Furthermore, the invention has the enormous advantage that the widening of the hole reveal takes place only on the side of the hole where the force is transmitted. In the case of floor props for construction purposes with one-sided loading direction, this is usually the upper area of the hole, because this presses onto the stud bolt from above due to the loading. In contrast to such damage, in which the hole takes on an oval shape over time and the pin bolt thus has play, the hole has a dimensionally accurate shape in the invention, which allows the pin pin to be taken up with little play. In contrast to the reinforcement of the hole area of the support element over the entire length, no additional material expenditure is required in the solution according to the invention, since the support nose is formed from material which is made available when the hole is punched out. This allows a very serious weight saving to be achieved. In addition, the widening of the reveal is only at the required point.

As a preferred shape, the holes can have a circular shape and the support lug can have a sickle shape adapted to them, which is manufacturing technology the easiest to implement and the cheapest for the type of load.

The support can be made particularly easily from metal, preferably steel, since here in particular there is the possibility of producing the support element from a strip material by punching and bending or rolling processes.

• a) Ausstanzen eines Loches mit vorbestimmten Spiel zwischen Formstempel und Matrize im Bereich der späteren Belastungsseite der Lochleibung des Loches zum Bilden eines vorbestimmten Grates;
• b) Nachformen des Grates durch einen Prägevorgang zum Ausbilden einer Stütznase mit einer Stützfläche, die im wesentlichen formgenau an einen entsprechenden Lochleibungsbereich des Loches angepaßt ist.

In the following, protection is sought for a method for producing a hole for a pin / hole connection that can be loaded in a predetermined loading direction, in particular for a support according to one of claims 1 to 3. This procedure is characterized by the following steps:

• a) punching out a hole with predetermined play between the die and the die in the region of the later loading side of the hole reveal of the hole to form a predetermined burr;
• b) reshaping the burr by means of an embossing process to form a support nose with a support surface which is essentially adapted to a corresponding embrasure area of the hole.

The process is characterized by its simplicity. By deliberately choosing too much play between the die opening and the die in the area of the support nose to be formed, a deliberate burr formation is achieved. This ridge projecting on one side can then be pressed into the desired shape of the support lug in a subsequent stamping process. The real idea of this invention is that one deliberately creates unfavorable punching conditions at one point of the hole to be punched, which leads to the formation of an otherwise undesired burr.

Process steps a) and b) can expediently be carried out by the same shaping punch, as a result of which the hole is formed with the support nose in one work step.

In order to increase the quality of the hole and the dimensional accuracy of the support surface of the support lug, in a variant in a further method step the hole can be calibrated at least in the area of the load side and the support surface.

The method can advantageously be simplified in that steps a), b) and c) are carried out by the same die. Thus, a hole with a support nose with a very high dimensional accuracy is made in one operation.

Furthermore, protection is sought for a device for performing the method according to one of claims 4 to 7.

The device comprises a die and a form punch which can be inserted into an opening in the die for punching out the hole from a workpiece, a predetermined play being formed between the opening and a punching area of the form punch in the region of the later loading side of the hole reveal of the hole to be punched to form a predetermined burr is provided, and an embossing device for reshaping the burr into a support nose with a support surface which is essentially adapted to a corresponding embrasure area of the hole. The form punch, which can otherwise be inserted into the opening of the die with a precise fit, only has a desired play in a certain area. Because the majority of the circumference of the die is guided in the opening, the die cannot deflect in this direction, which results in a precisely defined formation of burrs.

Conveniently, the embossing device can be designed as an embossed area arranged above the stamping area on the die, which during the embossing process presses the burr into a mold trough arranged at the upper edge of the opening in the die to form the support nose. This makes it possible to carry out the embossing process by reducing the play between the opening of the die and the die. The ridge can then be pressed into the mold cavity, which defines the exact appearance of the support nose. The reduction the game can conveniently take place continuously.

To improve the dimensional accuracy, a calibration device can be provided which calibrates at least the hole in the workpiece in the area of the load side and the support surface.

In this context, it has proven to be advantageous if the calibration device in a further variant is designed as a calibration area with a calibration cutting edge arranged above the embossing area on the form stamp. In such a design, all three molding processes (punching, embossing and calibration) are carried out in a single process using the same mold stamp.

So that a clean embossing and calibration with the appropriate clean design of the support nose and support surface takes place, both the embossing area and the calibration area can be inserted into the opening of the die essentially with a precise fit and with little play.

Since the holes are mainly circular holes, the mold trough, seen in plan view, can have a sickle shape adapted to the opening. This is particularly easy to manufacture and guarantees a neat fit of the support nose to the hole.

In a further embodiment, the molding die is arranged in a spring-loaded guide plate arranged above the die. Due to the spring load, the guide plate guarantees a clean pressing on the workpiece, even if it has slightly different thickness dimensions. With appropriate relief of the springs, the workpiece, in particular strip material, can be advanced.

Fig. 1

eine Teilansicht eines Querschnitts durch eine erfindungsgemäße Stütze,

Fig. 2

einen perspektivischen Ausschnitt des inneren Stützenelementes,

Fig. 3

einen Querschnitt des Ausschnittes aus Figur 2 entlang der Linie III-III geschnitten,

Fig. 4

einen Querschnitt des Ausschnittes aus Figur 2 entlang der Linie IV-IV geschnitten,

Fig. 5

eine Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Loches gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung in einer Querschnittsansicht,

Fig. 6

die Vorrichtung aus Figur 5 in einer um 90^o gedrehten Querschnittsansicht,

Fig. 7

den Formstempel aus Figur 5,

Fig. 8

den Formstempel aus Figur 7 in einer um 90^o gedrehten Ansicht,

Fig. 9

den Formstempel aus Figur 7 in einer Unteransicht,

Fig. 10

die Matrize aus Figur 5 in einer Querschnittsansicht,

Fig. 11

einen Ausschnitt der Matrize aus Figur 10 in einer Draufsicht,

Fig. 12

den Stanzvorgang des Loches gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung,

Fig. 13

den Prägevorgang und

Fig. 14

den Kalibriervorgang.

An exemplary embodiment of the present invention is explained in more detail below with reference to a drawing. It shows:

Fig. 1

2 shows a partial view of a cross section through a support according to the invention,

Fig. 2

a perspective section of the inner support element,

Fig. 3

3 shows a cross section of the detail from FIG. 2 along the line III-III,

Fig. 4

3 shows a cross section of the detail from FIG. 2 along the line IV-IV,

Fig. 5

a device for producing a hole according to the present invention in a cross-sectional view,

Fig. 6

5 in a cross-sectional ^view rotated by 90 ^° ,

Fig. 7

the form stamp from Figure 5,

Fig. 8

the forming die of Figure 7, rotated by 90 ^o View,

Fig. 9

7 in a bottom view,

Fig. 10

5 in a cross-sectional view,

Fig. 11

10 shows a section of the die from FIG. 10 in a top view,

Fig. 12

the punching process of the hole according to the present invention,

Fig. 13

the embossing process and

Fig. 14

the calibration process.

The cross-sectional area of a column shown in FIG. 1, as used for supporting formwork in construction, shows the essential components. The support comprises a tubular outer support element 1, which stands with its foot, not shown, on the floor and has a threaded section 2 at its upper end region, a telescopic, tubular inner support element 3 which projects out of the upper end of the lower support element 1 and with a support head, not shown, at its upper end can be brought into contact with the corresponding element to be supported, and a pin bolt 4 which can be pushed through it transversely to the support elements 2, 3. To insert the pin bolt 4, the lower support element 1 comprises two in its threaded section 2 opposite one another arranged elongated holes 5. The inner support element 3 has a plurality of holes 6, two of which are always in alignment and the distance between the holes 6 and the next pair of holes, viewed in the axial direction, is smaller than the length of the threaded section 2. Furthermore, there is on the threaded section 2 a support ring 7 is screwed on, against which the pin bolt 4 is supported relative to the lower support element 1.

The holes 6 are only provided on the loading side 8 predetermined by the loading direction A with a supporting lug 9 widening the reveal of the hole 6. FIGS. 2 to 4 now show in detail the formation of a hole 6 in the upper support element 3. The support lug 9 protrudes into the interior of the support element 3 and has a sickle shape adapted to it in the top view of the hole 6. Seen in cross section, the support nose 9 is approximately triangular. The formation of a support surface 10, which fits snugly into the hole 6, increases the reveal on the loading side 8. It is entirely possible to double the reveal of the hole 6 by forming the support surface 10.

The operation and functioning of the exemplary embodiment described above is explained in more detail below.

The user of the support places it at a suitable location on the lower foot (not shown) and removes the pin bolt 4 by holding the upper support element 3. A rough presetting is achieved by telescoping the support elements 1, 3 relative to one another. A suitable pair of holes 6 is selected for this. The pin bolt 4 is then pushed through the elongated hole 5 and the holes 6 for locking the support elements 1, 3. The remaining path to contact the head, not shown, on the element to be supported is covered by rotating the support ring 7. This function is similar to the known supports, which is why the entire support could be omitted.

There is now a load on the support in the load direction A, so that the force is transmitted via the load side 8 of the hole 6 to the pin bolt 4 and from there via the support ring 7 to the lower support element 1. So that in particular the upper support element 3 can be made relatively thin-walled in a lightweight construction, the load side 8 of the hole 6 has been reinforced by the support nose 9. The size of the support surface 10 is selected so that the enlarged reveal can withstand the greatest pressures at this point. As a result, there is no "aging" of the hole 6, as a result of which its precisely circular shape is retained. The game between pin 4 and hole 6 is therefore almost constant, even with frequent use. It should be emphasized in this construction that the cost of materials for producing the support lug 9 is relatively low, so that the weight can be considerably reduced compared to the supports used previously.

An embodiment of a device and of a method for producing a hole 6 with a support nose 9 is explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 5 to 14.

zur Öffnung 12 auf. Am oberen Rand der Öffnung 12 ist eine sichelförmige Formmulde 21 vorgesehen, die im wesentlichen der Form der zu bildenden Stützennase 9 entspricht.The embodiment of the device essentially comprises a die 11 with an opening 12, a guide plate 14 supported by compression springs 13 and a die 16 guided displaceably in a guide opening 15 of the guide plate 14. The guide plate 14 can be lifted off the die 11 is strip material 17 can be positioned between these two and moved forward. The strip material 17, which is preferably made of sheet steel, is then rolled into the shape of the corresponding support element 1, 3 in a further operation. The die 16 has at its lower end a chamfered stamping area 18, an embossing area 19 arranged directly above it and a calibration area 20 above it. The punching area 18 has a cross section somewhat compressed on one side, which, however, is otherwise adapted to the shape of the upper diameter D _{M of} the opening 12 of the die 11. The width a of the punching area 18 thus has a game ${\text{S = D}}_{\text{M}}\text{-a}$

to the opening 12. At the upper edge of the opening 12, a crescent-shaped trough 21 is provided, which essentially corresponds to the shape of the support nose 9 to be formed.

In the embossing area 19 there is again a continuous lifting of the compression until the punch 16 reaches a diameter D which essentially corresponds to the diameter D _{M of} the opening 12. The game S therefore shrinks essentially only to the minimum value required for the introduction of the die 16 into the opening 12.

In the calibration area 20 there is a recess 22, which would also be referred to as a flute. As a result, a calibration cutting edge 23 is formed, which is also essentially adapted to the diameter D.

On the guide area 24 of the die 16, two opposing sliding surfaces 25 are provided, which determine the exact angle of rotation position in the correspondingly shaped opening 15 of the guide plate 14.

An embodiment of the method is explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 12 to 14 using the above embodiment of the device.

It can be seen in FIG. 12 that the punching area 18 of the shaping punch 16 penetrates into the strip material 17 and that the material for obtaining the hole 6 is already partially punched out. At the same time is formed by the game S between the punching area 18 and the diameter D _{M of} the opening 12, a burr 26 which is partially pressed into the mold cavity 21. On the opposite side, the only slight play between the punching area 18 and the opening 12 results in a clean punching without any significant burr formation.

If the form punch 16 now moves further into the opening 12, as can be seen in FIG. 13, the embossing area 19 comes into contact with the burr and by reducing the play S, the burr 26 becomes essentially accurate in shape in the mold cavity 21 to form the support nose 9 depressed. The material section 27 is already completely separated from the strip material 27 at this time.

Then, by further lowering the form punch 16, the calibration area 20 with its calibration cutting edge 23 slides past the ridge 26 which has already been formed into the support nose 9, so that a support surface 10 which is as precise as possible is formed and which conforms positively to the rest of the hole 6. As usual during calibration, the cutting edge 23 causes a small amount of chip removal.

After shaping the support lug 9, the die 16 moves back into its raised position, so that it completely moves out of the area of the strip material 17. At the same time, the compression springs 13 are relieved, so that the guide plate 14 is also raised. The strip material 17 can now be moved forward to form a further hole 6 with a support nose 9 and then clamped again by the guide plate 14 by means of the compression springs 13.

This method allows the production of a corresponding hole 6 with support lug 9 in a single operation, whereby the production time of the hole formation according to the invention does not differ from the production time of a hole of previously known support elements. The strip material 17 is then rolled into the shape of the support element 3. At this point it should be emphasized again that the weight saving, which is achieved through this training is very high.

This invention is not only applicable for building supports, but basically for all metallic components that are to be connected to another component via a pin / hole connection.

Claims (15)

Metallic component, which can be locked against another component by means of a pin / hole connection, with at least one hole whose embrasure is widened compared to an adjacent material thickness of the component, characterized in that the widening of the embrasure by punching one on the loading side (8) of the Hole (6) one-sided support lug (9) is formed, the support surface (10) is adapted substantially in shape to a corresponding perforated area of the hole (6). Support, in particular ceiling support for construction purposes, with two support elements (1, 3) which can be telescoped relative to one another and can be locked via a pin / hole connection (4, 6) at least with respect to a load direction (A), the perforation of the holes (6) being at least a support element (3) is widened compared to an adjacent profile thickness of the respective support element (3),
characterized,
that the widening of the hole reveal is formed by stamping a support lug (9) arranged on one side on the loading side (8) of the hole (6), the support surface (10) of which is essentially matched in shape to a corresponding hole reveal region of the hole (6). Support according to claim 2,
characterized,
that the holes (6) have a circular shape and the supporting nose (9) has a sickle shape adapted to them. Support according to claim 2 or 3,
characterized,
that the support elements (1, 3) are made of metal, preferably steel. Method for producing a hole (6) for a pin / hole connection that can be loaded in a predetermined loading direction (A) (4, 6), in particular a support according to one of claims 1 to 4,
marked by
the following steps: a) punching out a hole (6) with predetermined play (6) between the punch (16) and the die (11) in the region of the later loading side (8) of the reveal of the hole (6) to form a predetermined burr (26); b) reshaping of the burr (26) by an embossing process to form a support lug (9) with a support surface (10) which is essentially adapted to a corresponding embrasure area of the hole (6). Method according to claim 5,
characterized,
that steps a) and b) are carried out by the same die (16). A method according to claim 5 or 6,
marked by
the step: c) calibrate the hole (6) at least in the area of the load side (8) and the support surface (10). Method according to one of claims 5 to 7,
characterized,
that steps a), b) and c) are carried out by the same die (16). Device for carrying out the method according to one of claims 5 to 8,
marked by
a die (11) and a form punch (16) which can be inserted in an opening (12) of the die (11) for punching the hole (6) out of a workpiece (17), with between the opening (12) and a punching area (18) of the stamp in the area of later loading side (8) of the hole reveal of the hole to be punched (6) to form a predetermined burr (26) a predetermined play (S) is provided, and an embossing device for reshaping the burr (26) into a support nose (9) with a support surface (10), which is essentially adapted to a corresponding embrasure area of the hole (6). Device according to claim 9,
characterized,
that the embossing device is designed as an embossing area (19) arranged above the stamping area (18) on the shaping stamp (16), which during the embossing process burrs (26) into a mold trough (11) arranged in the die (11) at the upper edge of the opening (12) 21) to form the support nose (9). Device according to claim 9 or 10,
characterized,
that a calibration device is provided which calibrates at least the hole (6) in the workpiece (17) in the region of the load side (8) and the support surface (10). Device according to claim 11,
characterized,
that the calibration device is designed as a calibration area (20) with a calibration blade (23) arranged above the embossing area (19) on the shaping stamp (16). Device according to one of claims 9 to 12,
characterized,
that both the embossing area (19) and the calibration area (20) can be inserted into the opening (12) of the die (11) essentially with a precise fit and with little play. Device according to one of claims 9 to 13,
characterized,
that the mold trough (21), viewed in plan view, has a sickle shape adapted to the opening (12). Device according to one of claims 9 to 14,
characterized,
that the shaped punch (16) is arranged in a spring-loaded guide plate (14) arranged above the die (11).

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