EP0757114A1 - Quasicrystallic coating and process for coating - Google Patents
Quasicrystallic coating and process for coating Download PDFInfo
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- EP0757114A1 EP0757114A1 EP96401628A EP96401628A EP0757114A1 EP 0757114 A1 EP0757114 A1 EP 0757114A1 EP 96401628 A EP96401628 A EP 96401628A EP 96401628 A EP96401628 A EP 96401628A EP 0757114 A1 EP0757114 A1 EP 0757114A1
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- Prior art keywords
- quasi
- coating
- crystalline
- substrate
- phase
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
- C23C4/08—Metallic material containing only metal elements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
- F23D14/72—Safety devices, e.g. operative in case of failure of gas supply
- F23D14/76—Protecting flame and burner parts
Definitions
- the invention relates to a coating of quasi-crystalline material and a method of depositing such a coating.
- burner caps for example gas stove, only made of cast iron, which have the disadvantage, by their structure and composition, of absorbing fat. These fats are partially calcined and form deposits which can only be difficult to remove by using a detergent and / or vigorous scraping. During this scraping, the cast iron piece wears very quickly.
- burner caps covered with a layer of enamel which has better anti-adhesion properties vis-à-vis dirt than cast iron itself.
- enamel is a fragile material which has poor resistance to thermal and / or mechanical shock.
- the quasi-crystalline phase is a decagonal phase.
- the quasi-crystalline phase is an icosahedral phase.
- the quasi-crystalline phase is an approximate orthorombic phase of the decagonal phase.
- the coating of the invention consists of a quasi-crystalline material which has the composition, in atomic percentage to within 1% Al 71 Cu 10 Cr 10 Fe 9 .
- This coating is deposited on the cast iron substrate constituting the burner cap, by plasma spraying using an Ar / He mixture as the plasma gas, deposition followed by heat treatment at approximately 820 ° C. for approximately 10 min.
- a heat treatment is carried out at approximately 820 ° C. for approximately 10 min, in order to obtain a coating consisting of at least 90% by weight of quasi-crystalline phase.
- the subject of the invention is a coating for cast iron burner caps which has excellent non-stick properties, excellent resistance to abrasion, wear, corrosion and oxidation and which is more compatible with use in the food sector and withstands temperatures greater than or equal to 600 ° C.
- the coating of the invention is composed of a pure quasi-crystalline material.
- quadsi-crystalline material as used herein represent a material whose X-ray diffraction diagram reveals that it has rotation symmetries normally incompatible with translational symmetry, that is to say symmetries axis of rotation of order 5, 8, 10 and 12. It can denote a material made up of one or more quasi-crystalline phases, these quasi-crystalline phases being either quasi-crystalline phases in the strict sense, for example icosahedral or decagonal, or so-called approximate phases, for example orthorombic.
- the coating of the invention contains at least 90% by weight of the compound used in quasi-crystalline form.
- the coating loses its non-stick properties, its hardness decreases and its resistance to corrosion, in particular to oxidation deteriorates.
- the quasi-crystalline compound preferably used in the invention is in orthorombic form approximating to the decagonal quasi-crystalline form.
- the coating of the invention is intended to be deposited on a cast iron substrate and must retain all of its properties at temperatures greater than or equal to 600 ° C.
- the coating of the invention is deposited on the cast iron substrate constituting the burner cap, by a deposition process by blown plasma projection.
- Plasma spraying is one of the thermal spraying methods using plasma as an energy source.
- a so-called plasma gas (often an Ar / H 2 mixture, but also Ar / He, N 2 / H 2 , Ar / H 2 / He etc ...) is injected through an arc electrical established between a thoriated tungsten electrode (cathode) and an electrolytic copper electrode (anode).
- This gas then undergoes a more or less complete ionization (mixture of molecules, atoms, electrons and positive ions).
- the heating caused allows the expansion to expansion of the gas in the anode channel, thus forming the plasma column into which the powder to be sprayed is injected.
- the temperature at the outlet of the nozzle can reach 14000 K and at the projection distance about 6000 K.
- the velocity of the particles it reaches at the outlet of the nozzle about 250 m / s and at the projection distance about 200 m / s.
- the deposits are less porous (open porosity less than 10%) and more adherent (between 30 and 50 MPa measured by tensile test tube) than the deposits obtained by flame gun or electric arc.
- the preferred plasma gas in the invention is an Ar / He mixture.
- an Ar: He volume ratio of 40:15 is used.
- a powder of composition by weight Al 53.9 Cu 17.5 Cr 15.5 Fe 13.75 was baked at 60 ° C for 1 hour in order to avoid any agglomeration problem which could hinder its flow in the inlet pipe to the plasma torch.
- the powder used has a particle size of 25 to 63 microns.
- the cast iron substrate must also undergo a preliminary preparation.
- the part is surfaced to remove the grainy appearance, for example by polishing with an SiC abrasive. Then the part is cleaned with acetone to remove all traces of dirt and grease.
- the part is manipulated with gloved hands and a sandblasting is then carried out, the aim of which is to artificially create roughness (Ra of approximately 10 to 20 microns depending on the sanding parameters and type of substrate). It is an essential step in thermal spraying.
- the powder is deposited on the cast iron substrate, with an Ar: He mixture at a volume ratio of 40:15.
- the deposit produced was then analyzed by X-ray diffraction. This analysis reveals that the rough projection deposits do not have a pure crystalline phase, that is to say at least 90% by weight of quasi-crystalline phase, but approximately 50% of quasi-crystalline phase and 50% of cubic phase. This rough projection coating does not have the excellent non-stick properties obtained with a coating consisting of at least 90% of quasi-crystalline phase.
- the Vickers hardness of this coating was 500 HV100g while that of a coating consisting of 90% quasi-crystalline phase was 600 HV100 g.
- the passage of the powder in the plasma causes a phase imbalance during the melting of the particles and generates a deposit in metastable phase.
- a heat treatment is then carried out consisting in maintaining at 820 ° C ⁇ 5 ° C for approximately 10 minutes which allows, by diffusion phenonem, to obtain a quasi-crystalline deposit. Generally, 10 minutes is enough.
- the heat treatment can be carried out in a neutral atmosphere or simply in air.
- the treatment thermal in air has the advantage of not requiring any particular atmosphere confinement and is very easy to implement.
- the deposition is carried out at a thickness of 200 microns.
- the preferred polishing for the purposes of the invention is brilliant polishing because it makes it possible to obtain the best anti-adhesion properties with regard to soiling.
- Satin polishing is carried out with an abrasive paper of SiC 100, 320, and 800.
- the deposit is cleaned by ultrasonic treatment with a mixture of water and acetone for approximately 5 minutes.
- the parts are then rinsed with water, and dried using a clean cloth.
- the coating thus obtained has excellent resistance to mechanical and / or thermal shocks.
- any powder of different composition may be used, insofar as it will lead to the production of a deposit consisting of at least 90% by weight of a quasi-crystalline phase.
- the heat treatment may vary depending on the composition of the coating just after deposition, insofar as it will make it possible to obtain at least 90% of quasi-crystalline phase.
- any other deposition process could be used, in particular vapor deposition.
Abstract
Description
L'invention concerne un revêtement en matériau quasi-cristallin et un procédé de dépôt d'un tel revêtement.The invention relates to a coating of quasi-crystalline material and a method of depositing such a coating.
On connaît les chapeaux de brûleurs, par exemple de cuisinière à gaz, uniquement constitués de fonte, qui présentent l'inconvénient, de par leur structure et composition, d'absorber les graisses. Ces graisses sont calcinées partiellement et forment des dépôts qui ne peuvent être que difficilement enlevés en employant un détergent et/ou d'un grattage vigoureux. Lors de ce grattage, la pièce en fonte s'use très rapidement.We know burner caps, for example gas stove, only made of cast iron, which have the disadvantage, by their structure and composition, of absorbing fat. These fats are partially calcined and form deposits which can only be difficult to remove by using a detergent and / or vigorous scraping. During this scraping, the cast iron piece wears very quickly.
On a alors proposé des chapeaux de brûleurs recouverts d'une couche d'émail qui a de meilleures propriétés d'anti-adhérence vis-à-vis des salissures que la fonte elle-même.We then proposed burner caps covered with a layer of enamel which has better anti-adhesion properties vis-à-vis dirt than cast iron itself.
Cependant, l'émail est un matériau fragile qui résiste mal aux chocs thermiques et/ou mécaniques.However, enamel is a fragile material which has poor resistance to thermal and / or mechanical shock.
L'invention a pour but d'apporter une solution à ces problèmes en proposant un revêtement en matériau quasi-cristallin ayant une composition correspondant à la formule générale AlaCubFecCrdIe, dans laquelle I représente les impuretés d'élaboration inévitables, e≤2, 14≤b≤30, 5≤c≤30, 0≤d≤10, avec c + d≥10 et a + b + c + d + e = 100 % en nombre d'atomes, caractérisé en ce qu'il contient au moins 90 % en masse d'une phase quasi-cristalline, pour le revêtement de chapeaux de brûleurs en fonte.The invention aims to provide a solution to these problems by providing a coating of quasi-crystalline material having a composition corresponding to the general formula Al a Cu b Fe c Cr d I e , in which I represents the impurities of inevitable elaboration, e≤2, 14≤b≤30, 5≤c≤30, 0≤d≤10, with c + d≥10 and a + b + c + d + e = 100% in number of atoms, characterized in that it contains at least 90% by mass of a quasi-crystalline phase, for the coating of cast iron burner caps.
Selon une variante du revêtement de l'invention, la phase quasi-cristalline est une phase décagonale.According to a variant of the coating of the invention, the quasi-crystalline phase is a decagonal phase.
Selon une autre variante du revêtement de l'invention, la phase quasi-cristalline est une phase icosaédrique.According to another variant of the coating of the invention, the quasi-crystalline phase is an icosahedral phase.
Selon toujours une autre variante du revêtement de l'invention, la phase quasi-cristalline est une phase approximante orthorombique de la phase décagonale.According to still another variant of the coating of the invention, the quasi-crystalline phase is an approximate orthorombic phase of the decagonal phase.
Plus précisément le revêtement de l'invention est constitué d'un matériau quasi-cristallin qui a la composition, en pourcentage atomique à 1% près Al71Cu10Cr10Fe9.More precisely, the coating of the invention consists of a quasi-crystalline material which has the composition, in atomic percentage to within 1% Al 71 Cu 10 Cr 10 Fe 9 .
Ce revêtement est déposé, sur le substrat en fonte constituant le chapeau du brûleur, par projection par plasma en employant un mélange Ar/He comme gaz plasmagène, dépôt suivi d'un traitement thermique à environ 820°C pendant environ 10 mn.This coating is deposited on the cast iron substrate constituting the burner cap, by plasma spraying using an Ar / He mixture as the plasma gas, deposition followed by heat treatment at approximately 820 ° C. for approximately 10 min.
L'invention propose également un procédé de dépôt d'un revêtement quasi-cristallin sur un substrat du type comprenant les étapes de :
- étuvage de la poudre du matériau quasi-cristallin,
- surfaçage du substrat,
- sablage du substrat,
- dépôt par projection par plasma de la poudre de matériau quasi-cristallin sur le substrat, caractérisé en ce que le substrat est en fonte et en ce que le dépôt par plasma du matériau quasi-cristallin est effectué avec un mélange Ar/He comme gaz plasmagène.
- steaming the powder of the quasi-crystalline material,
- surfacing of the substrate,
- sanding of the substrate,
- deposition by plasma spraying of the powder of quasi-crystalline material onto the substrate, characterized in that the substrate is made of cast iron and in that the plasma deposition of the quasi-crystalline material is carried out with an Ar / He mixture as plasma gas .
A la suite du dépôt par projection par plasma, un traitement thermique est effectué à environ 820°C pendant environ 10 mn, pour obtenir un revêtement constitué d'au moins 90 % en poids de phase quasi-cristalline.Following the deposition by plasma projection, a heat treatment is carried out at approximately 820 ° C. for approximately 10 min, in order to obtain a coating consisting of at least 90% by weight of quasi-crystalline phase.
L'invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres buts et avantages de celle-ci apparaîtront plus clairement au cours de la description explicative qui suit.The invention will be better understood and other objects and advantages thereof will appear more clearly during the explanatory description which follows.
L'invention a pour objet un revêtement pour chapeaux de brûleurs en fonte qui a d'excellentes propriétés d'anti-adhérence, une excellente résistance à l'abrasion, à l'usure, à la corrosion et à l'oxydation et qui est de plus compatible avec une utilisation dans le domaine alimentaire et résiste à des températures supérieures ou égales à 600°C.The subject of the invention is a coating for cast iron burner caps which has excellent non-stick properties, excellent resistance to abrasion, wear, corrosion and oxidation and which is more compatible with use in the food sector and withstands temperatures greater than or equal to 600 ° C.
A cet effet, le revêtement de l'invention est composé d'un matériau quasi-cristallin pur.To this end, the coating of the invention is composed of a pure quasi-crystalline material.
Les termes "matériau quasi-cristallin" tels qu'utilisés ici représentent un matériau dont le diagramme de diffraction des rayons X révèle qu'il présente des symétries de rotation normalement incompatibles avec la symétrie de translation, c'est-à-dire des symétries d'axe de rotation d'ordre 5, 8, 10 et 12. Il peut désigner un matériau constitué d'une ou plusieurs phases quasi-cristallines, ces phases quasi-cristallines étant soit des phases quasi-cristallines au sens strict, par exemple icosaédrique ou décagonale, soit des phases dites approximante, par exemple orthorombique.The terms "quasi-crystalline material" as used herein represent a material whose X-ray diffraction diagram reveals that it has rotation symmetries normally incompatible with translational symmetry, that is to say symmetries axis of rotation of order 5, 8, 10 and 12. It can denote a material made up of one or more quasi-crystalline phases, these quasi-crystalline phases being either quasi-crystalline phases in the strict sense, for example icosahedral or decagonal, or so-called approximate phases, for example orthorombic.
Ce type de matériau ne sera pas décrit plus en détail ici, étant bien connu dans l'art.This type of material will not be described in more detail here, being well known in the art.
Il est fondamental que le revêtement de l'invention contienne au moins 90 % en poids du composé utilisé sous forme quasi-cristalline.It is essential that the coating of the invention contains at least 90% by weight of the compound used in quasi-crystalline form.
En effet, en dessous de 90 %, le revêtement perd de ses propriétés anti-adhérentes, sa dureté diminue et sa résistance à la corrosion, en particulier à l'oxydation se détériore.Indeed, below 90%, the coating loses its non-stick properties, its hardness decreases and its resistance to corrosion, in particular to oxidation deteriorates.
Le composé quasi-cristallin utilisé de préférence dans l'invention est sous forme orthorombique approximante de la forme quasi-cristalline décagonale.The quasi-crystalline compound preferably used in the invention is in orthorombic form approximating to the decagonal quasi-crystalline form.
Plus précisément, le revêtement de l'invention est un composé décagonal ayant une composition correspondant à la formule générale AlaCubFecCrdIe, ou I représente les impuretés d'élaboration inévitables, e est inférieur ou égal à 2, b est compris entre 14 et 30, c est compris entre 5 et 30, d est compris entre 0 et 10, avec c + d≥10 et a + b + c + d + e = 100 % en nombre d'atomes.More precisely, the coating of the invention is a decagonal compound having a composition corresponding to the general formula Al a Cu b Fe c Cr d I e , where I represents the unavoidable processing impurities, e is less than or equal to 2, b is between 14 and 30, c is between 5 and 30, d is between 0 and 10, with c + d≥10 and a + b + c + d + e = 100% in number of atoms.
Le revêtement de l'invention est destiné à être déposé sur un substrat en fonte et doit conserver toutes ses propriétés à des températures supérieures ou égales à 600°C.The coating of the invention is intended to be deposited on a cast iron substrate and must retain all of its properties at temperatures greater than or equal to 600 ° C.
Le revêtement de l'invention est déposé sur le substrat en fonte constituant le chapeau du brûleur, par un procédé de dépôt par projection par plasma soufflé.The coating of the invention is deposited on the cast iron substrate constituting the burner cap, by a deposition process by blown plasma projection.
La projection au plasma fait partie des procédés de projection thermique utilisant le plasma comme source d'énergie.Plasma spraying is one of the thermal spraying methods using plasma as an energy source.
Dans les torches à plasma, un gaz dit plasmagène (souvent un mélange Ar/H2, mais aussi Ar/He, N2/H2, Ar/H2/He etc...) est injecté au travers d'un arc électrique établi entre une électrode en tungstène thorié (cathode) et une électrode en cuivre électrolytique (anode).In plasma torches, a so-called plasma gas (often an Ar / H 2 mixture, but also Ar / He, N 2 / H 2 , Ar / H 2 / He etc ...) is injected through an arc electrical established between a thoriated tungsten electrode (cathode) and an electrolytic copper electrode (anode).
Ce gaz subit alors une ionisation plus ou moins complète (mélange de molécules, d'atomes, d'électrons et d'ions positifs).This gas then undergoes a more or less complete ionization (mixture of molecules, atoms, electrons and positive ions).
L'échauffement provoqué permet l'expansion à la détente du gaz dans le canal de l'anode, formant ainsi la colonne plasma dans laquelle on injecte la poudre à projeter.The heating caused allows the expansion to expansion of the gas in the anode channel, thus forming the plasma column into which the powder to be sprayed is injected.
La température à la sortie de la tuyère peut atteindre 14000 K et à la distance de projection environ 6000 K.The temperature at the outlet of the nozzle can reach 14000 K and at the projection distance about 6000 K.
Il faut donc un minimum de vitesse relative torche/plasma pour éviter de détruire la pièce.A minimum torch / plasma relative speed is therefore necessary to avoid destroying the part.
Quant à la vitesse des particules, elle atteint à la sortie de la tuyère environ 250 m/s et à la distance de projection environ 200 m/s.As for the velocity of the particles, it reaches at the outlet of the nozzle about 250 m / s and at the projection distance about 200 m / s.
Celles-ci, après être fondues, s'écrasent alors sur le substrat à revêtir sur lequel elles s'accrochent mécaniquement.These, after being melted, are then crushed on the substrate to be coated on which they are mechanically attached.
Les dépôts sont moins poreux (porosité ouverte inférieure à 10 %) et plus adhérents (entre 30 et 50 MPa mesurés par éprouvette de traction) que les dépôts obtenus par pistolet flamme ou arc électrique.The deposits are less porous (open porosity less than 10%) and more adherent (between 30 and 50 MPa measured by tensile test tube) than the deposits obtained by flame gun or electric arc.
Le gaz plasmagène préféré dans l'invention est un mélange Ar/He. De préférence, on utilise un rapport en volume Ar:He de 40:15.The preferred plasma gas in the invention is an Ar / He mixture. Preferably, an Ar: He volume ratio of 40:15 is used.
Afin de mieux faire comprendre l'invention, on va en décrire maintenant un exemple de mise en oeuvre, exemple donné uniquement à titre indicatif et non limitatif.In order to better understand the invention, we will now describe an exemplary implementation thereof, an example given only by way of non-limiting indication.
Une poudre d'une composition en poids Al53,9Cu17,5 Cr15,5Fe13,75 a été étuvée à 60°C pendant 1 heure afin d'éviter tout problème d'agglomération qui pourrait gêner son écoulement dans le tuyau d'arrivée à la torche plasma.A powder of composition by weight Al 53.9 Cu 17.5 Cr 15.5 Fe 13.75 was baked at 60 ° C for 1 hour in order to avoid any agglomeration problem which could hinder its flow in the inlet pipe to the plasma torch.
La poudre utilisée a une granulométrie de 25 à 63 microns.The powder used has a particle size of 25 to 63 microns.
Le substrat en fonte doit également subir une préparation préalable.The cast iron substrate must also undergo a preliminary preparation.
En effet, dans le cas de pièces en fonte brute de fonderie c'est-à-dire sujette à de nombreux défauts tels que des trous et un aspect granuleux, il est important de prendre certaines précautions dans la préparation de surface de pièces car celle-ci conditionne la bonne adhérence du dépôt sur le substrat.Indeed, in the case of cast iron parts, that is to say subject to many defects such as holes and a grainy appearance, it is important to take certain precautions in the surface preparation of parts because that this conditions the good adhesion of the deposit to the substrate.
Il ne s'agit pas de gommer les défauts mais de les atténuer.It is not a question of erasing the defects but of mitigating them.
Dans ce but, on effectue un surfaçage de la pièce pour enlever l'aspect granuleux, par exemple par un polissage avec un abrasif SiC. Ensuite, la pièce est nettoyée à l'acétone pour enlever toute trace de salissures et de graisses.For this purpose, the part is surfaced to remove the grainy appearance, for example by polishing with an SiC abrasive. Then the part is cleaned with acetone to remove all traces of dirt and grease.
La pièce est manipulée avec des mains gantées et on procède alors à un sablage dont le but est de créer artificiellement des rugosités (Ra d'environ 10 à 20 microns suivant les paramètres de sablage et type de substrat). C'est une étape incontournable de la projection thermique.The part is manipulated with gloved hands and a sandblasting is then carried out, the aim of which is to artificially create roughness (Ra of approximately 10 to 20 microns depending on the sanding parameters and type of substrate). It is an essential step in thermal spraying.
Ensuite, on procède au dépôt de la poudre sur le substrat en fonte, avec un mélange Ar:He à un rapport en volume de 40:15.Then, the powder is deposited on the cast iron substrate, with an Ar: He mixture at a volume ratio of 40:15.
Le dépôt réalisé a ensuite été analysé par diffraction des rayons X. Cette analyse révèle que les dépôts bruts de projection ne présentent pas une phase cristalline pure c'est-à-dire au moins 90 % en poids de phase quasi-cristalline, mais environ 50 % de phase quasi-cristalline et 50 % de phase cubique. Ce revêtement brut de projection ne présente pas les excellentes propriétées anti-adhérentes obtenues avec un revêtement constitué d'au moins 90 % de phase quasi-cristallin.The deposit produced was then analyzed by X-ray diffraction. This analysis reveals that the rough projection deposits do not have a pure crystalline phase, that is to say at least 90% by weight of quasi-crystalline phase, but approximately 50% of quasi-crystalline phase and 50% of cubic phase. This rough projection coating does not have the excellent non-stick properties obtained with a coating consisting of at least 90% of quasi-crystalline phase.
De plus, la dureté Vickers de ce revêtement était de 500 HV100g alors que celle d'un revêtement constitué à 90 % de phase quasi-cristalline était de 600 HV100 g.In addition, the Vickers hardness of this coating was 500 HV100g while that of a coating consisting of 90% quasi-crystalline phase was 600 HV100 g.
Egalement, la résistance à la corrosion, particulièrement à l'oxydation, était moindre pour le revêtement obtenu juste après dépôt du matériau quasi-cristallin.Also, the resistance to corrosion, particularly to oxidation, was lower for the coating obtained just after deposition of the quasi-crystalline material.
En effet, le passage de la poudre dans le plasma provoque un déséquilibre de phase durant la fusion des particules et génère un dépôt en phase métastable.Indeed, the passage of the powder in the plasma causes a phase imbalance during the melting of the particles and generates a deposit in metastable phase.
Afin d'obtenir une phase quasi-cristalline pure, on procède alors à un traitement thermique consistant en un maintien à 820°C ± 5°C pendant environ 10 minutes qui permet par phénonème de diffusion d'obtenir un dépôt quasi-cristallin. De manière générale, 10 minutes suffisent.In order to obtain a pure quasi-crystalline phase, a heat treatment is then carried out consisting in maintaining at 820 ° C ± 5 ° C for approximately 10 minutes which allows, by diffusion phenonem, to obtain a quasi-crystalline deposit. Generally, 10 minutes is enough.
Le traitement thermique peut s'effectuer sous atmosphère neutre ou tout simplement à l'air. Le traitement thermique sous air présente l'avantage de ne pas nécessiter de confinement d'atmosphère particulier et est très facile à mettre en oeuvre.The heat treatment can be carried out in a neutral atmosphere or simply in air. The treatment thermal in air has the advantage of not requiring any particular atmosphere confinement and is very easy to implement.
Le dépôt est effectué à une épaisseur de 200 microns.The deposition is carried out at a thickness of 200 microns.
Afin de satisfaire à la moindre adhérence aux projections de graisse, deux types de polissage ont été mis en oeuvre :
- un polissage "brillant" donnant un aspect de surface très compact enlevant environ 70 microns de dépôt. Le revêtement final a alors une épaisseur de 130 microns.
- un polissage "satiné" donnant un aspect de surface poreux. Ce polissage enlève environ 100 microns du dépôt. Le dépôt a donc une épaisseur de 100 microns après polissage.
- "glossy" polishing giving a very compact surface appearance removing around 70 microns of deposit. The final coating then has a thickness of 130 microns.
- "satin" polishing giving a porous surface appearance. This polishing removes approximately 100 microns from the deposit. The deposit therefore has a thickness of 100 microns after polishing.
Le polissage préféré pour les buts de l'invention est le polissage brillant car il permet d'obtenir les meilleures propriétés d'anti-adhérence vis-à-vis des salissures.The preferred polishing for the purposes of the invention is brilliant polishing because it makes it possible to obtain the best anti-adhesion properties with regard to soiling.
Il est réalisé à l'aide de bandes abrasives de SiC de 40 et 15 microns.It is made using 40 and 15 micron SiC abrasive strips.
Le polissage satiné quant à lui est effectué avec un papier abrasif de SiC 100, 320, et 800.Satin polishing is carried out with an abrasive paper of SiC 100, 320, and 800.
A la suite du polissage choisi, le dépôt est nettoyé par traitement aux ultrasons avec un mélange d'eau et d'acétone pendant environ 5 minutes. Les pièces sont alors rincées à l'eau, et séchées à l'aide d'un chiffon propre.Following the chosen polishing, the deposit is cleaned by ultrasonic treatment with a mixture of water and acetone for approximately 5 minutes. The parts are then rinsed with water, and dried using a clean cloth.
Le revêtement ainsi obtenu présente une excellente résistance aux chocs mécaniques et/ou thermiques.The coating thus obtained has excellent resistance to mechanical and / or thermal shocks.
Du fait de ses propriétés d'anti-adhérences vis-à-vis des salissures et des graisses, il peut être facilement nettoyé sans grattage important. Il pourra être nettoyé par exemple dans un lave-vaisselle. Et comme il présente une excellente résistance mécanique, il pourra être gratté si nécessaire, sans perdre ses qualités. Il présente également une excellente résistance à la corrosion, plus particulièrement à l'oxydation. Il résiste à des températures supérieures ou égales à 600°C.Due to its anti-adhesion properties against dirt and grease, it can be easily cleaned without significant scraping. It can be cleaned, for example, in a dishwasher. And as it has excellent mechanical resistance, it can be scraped if necessary, without losing its qualities. It also has excellent resistance to corrosion, more particularly to oxidation. It withstands temperatures greater than or equal to 600 ° C.
Bien entendu, l'invention n'est nullement limitée au mode de réalisation décrit qui n'a été donné que dans un but illustratif et non limitatif.Of course, the invention is in no way limited to the embodiment described which has been given only for illustrative and non-limiting purposes.
En effet, toute poudre de composition différente pourra être utilisée, dans la mesure où elle amènera à la production d'un dépôt constitué d'au moins 90 % en poids d'une phase quasi-cristalline.Indeed, any powder of different composition may be used, insofar as it will lead to the production of a deposit consisting of at least 90% by weight of a quasi-crystalline phase.
Egalement, le traitement thermique pourra varier en fonction de la composition du revêtement juste après dépôt, dans la mesure où il permettra d'obtenir au moins 90 % de phase quasi-cristalline.Also, the heat treatment may vary depending on the composition of the coating just after deposition, insofar as it will make it possible to obtain at least 90% of quasi-crystalline phase.
De la même façon, tout autre procédé de dépôt pourra être utilisé, notamment le dépôt en phase vapeur.Likewise, any other deposition process could be used, in particular vapor deposition.
C'est dire que l'invention comprend tous les équivalents techniques des moyens décrits ainsi que leurs combinaisons si celles-ci sont effectuées suivant son esprit.This means that the invention includes all the technical equivalents of the means described as well as their combinations if these are carried out according to the spirit.
Claims (8)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9509310 | 1995-07-31 | ||
| FR9509310A FR2737505B1 (en) | 1995-07-31 | 1995-07-31 | COATING OF QUASI-CRYSTALLINE MATERIAL AND METHOD FOR DEPOSITING SAME |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0757114A1 true EP0757114A1 (en) | 1997-02-05 |
Family
ID=9481563
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP96401628A Withdrawn EP0757114A1 (en) | 1995-07-31 | 1996-07-19 | Quasicrystallic coating and process for coating |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0757114A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2737505B1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2766239A1 (en) * | 1997-07-16 | 1999-01-22 | Sagem | High pressure direct fuel injector for i. c. engine |
| WO2004063412A1 (en) * | 2003-01-16 | 2004-07-29 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Engine component |
| CN111139419A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2020-05-12 | 佛山市顺德区美的电热电器制造有限公司 | Container, preparation method thereof and cooking equipment |
| CN111139433A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2020-05-12 | 佛山市顺德区美的电热电器制造有限公司 | Pot, preparation method thereof and cooking utensil |
| KR20210008098A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2021-01-20 | 포샨 순더 메이디 일렉트리컬 히팅 어플라이언시스 메뉴팩쳐링 코., 리미티드 | Coatings, coating formation methods and systems, pots and cooking devices |
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| GB901649A (en) * | 1958-06-14 | 1962-07-25 | Rintaro Takahashi | A method for coating the surface of solid materials |
| JPS5442044A (en) * | 1977-09-07 | 1979-04-03 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Cap for gas burner |
| EP0272527A2 (en) * | 1986-12-15 | 1988-06-29 | Société Anonyme l'Energie de l'Ouest Suisse EOS | Method for applying a metal coating to a substrate, and product obtained |
| EP0356287A1 (en) * | 1988-08-04 | 1990-02-28 | Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique (Cnrs) | Cladding materials for metal alloys and for metals |
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1995
- 1995-07-31 FR FR9509310A patent/FR2737505B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| JPS5442044A (en) * | 1977-09-07 | 1979-04-03 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Cap for gas burner |
| EP0272527A2 (en) * | 1986-12-15 | 1988-06-29 | Société Anonyme l'Energie de l'Ouest Suisse EOS | Method for applying a metal coating to a substrate, and product obtained |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2766239A1 (en) * | 1997-07-16 | 1999-01-22 | Sagem | High pressure direct fuel injector for i. c. engine |
| WO2004063412A1 (en) * | 2003-01-16 | 2004-07-29 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Engine component |
| KR20210008098A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2021-01-20 | 포샨 순더 메이디 일렉트리컬 히팅 어플라이언시스 메뉴팩쳐링 코., 리미티드 | Coatings, coating formation methods and systems, pots and cooking devices |
| EP3804581A4 (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2021-06-30 | Foshan Shunde Midea Electrical Heating Appliances Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Coating, method and system for forming coating, cookware and cooking equipment |
| CN111139419A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2020-05-12 | 佛山市顺德区美的电热电器制造有限公司 | Container, preparation method thereof and cooking equipment |
| CN111139433A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2020-05-12 | 佛山市顺德区美的电热电器制造有限公司 | Pot, preparation method thereof and cooking utensil |
| CN111139419B (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2022-09-20 | 佛山市顺德区美的电热电器制造有限公司 | Container, preparation method thereof and cooking equipment |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2737505A1 (en) | 1997-02-07 |
| FR2737505B1 (en) | 1997-10-24 |
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