EP0755039A2 - Method and system for the prognosis of traffic flow - Google Patents
Method and system for the prognosis of traffic flow Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0755039A2 EP0755039A2 EP96250138A EP96250138A EP0755039A2 EP 0755039 A2 EP0755039 A2 EP 0755039A2 EP 96250138 A EP96250138 A EP 96250138A EP 96250138 A EP96250138 A EP 96250138A EP 0755039 A2 EP0755039 A2 EP 0755039A2
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- Prior art keywords
- traffic
- data
- route
- vehicles
- driving activity
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
- G08G1/0962—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
- G08G1/0967—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits
- G08G1/096708—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where the received information might be used to generate an automatic action on the vehicle control
- G08G1/096716—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where the received information might be used to generate an automatic action on the vehicle control where the received information does not generate an automatic action on the vehicle control
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
- G08G1/0962—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
- G08G1/0967—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits
- G08G1/096733—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where a selection of the information might take place
- G08G1/096741—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where a selection of the information might take place where the source of the transmitted information selects which information to transmit to each vehicle
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
- G08G1/0962—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
- G08G1/0967—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits
- G08G1/096766—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where the system is characterised by the origin of the information transmission
- G08G1/096775—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where the system is characterised by the origin of the information transmission where the origin of the information is a central station
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and system for forecasting traffic flows at selected locations or sections of a road network, in particular for traffic control and route guidance of vehicles, in which determined traffic flow data, which contain information at least on the traffic density, from a traffic computer which has a digital road map, can be used to forecast the expected traffic flows.
- a system for optimal use of a road network is known from WO 89/02142, which has at least one recording sensor at selected locations or route sections, which detects the traffic condition, in particular the traffic density.
- the traffic status data is then transmitted to a control center, which can be a traffic computer.
- the processing and preparation of the traffic condition data takes place, which are then used for direct traffic control, for example by direct information to the driver; the traffic control is based on a target-actual comparison of the traffic status data from selected locations or sections of the route.
- the target values correspond, for example, to the optimal traffic condition on the corresponding section of the road network.
- the traffic condition data of two measuring points determined at different locations are e.g. subjected to a correlation analysis in order to derive statements to get about the traffic flows.
- a disadvantage of this system for better utilization of the existing road network is that the traffic flows can only be forecast inadequately, since the partial flows from which the determined traffic flows are composed can in particular only be determined to a limited extent. A forecast of traffic flows This system is therefore subject to considerable uncertainty at selected locations or sections of the route.
- the invention provides that vehicles in a sample vehicle fleet each determine and store their current location as a function of time and / or distance, so that the location positions determined are available for evaluation as route data of the route traveled. At least some of the vehicles in the sample vehicle fleet transmit the route data to a traffic computer at intervals.
- the traffic computer determines the traffic flows and their composition, ie the partial flows from which the traffic flows are essentially composed, from the currently recorded route data and assigns them to the selected locations or sections of the route.
- the determined traffic flows and their composition serve to determine and / or update statistical traffic flow data, which are used by the traffic computer as time-dependent empirical values for the forecast of the traffic flows.
- current driving activity data are additionally recorded in a predetermined larger spatial area around the selected locations or route sections and transmitted to the traffic computer, so that the traffic computer, based on the driving activity data, the forecast of the traffic flows at the selected locations or route sections by extrapolation of the assigned ones Can determine traffic flow data taking into account the time-dependent empirical values.
- current driving activity data Data can also be used that do not always represent an actual driving activity, but only indicate an imminent driving activity (e.g. readiness display of a mobile phone in a vehicle that is just being started).
- the traffic computer not only has traffic flow data at specific points in time, but also information about the traffic flows that make up this traffic flow data.
- the route data transmitted by the vehicles in the sample vehicle fleet contain information on the one hand, for example, about the relative traffic density at individual locations or sections of the route, and on the other hand also information about which traffic flows cause this traffic density in part. It is thus possible, for example from the number of active motor vehicles in a predetermined larger spatial area around the selected locations or route sections, to reliably predict the short-term or long-term traffic flows to be expected at the selected locations or route sections.
- the route data are transmitted in a reduced form by removing redundant data which are contained in the route data, for example, when traveling along a straight road or freeway.
- the transmission is advantageously carried out via a radio telephone.
- Statistical traffic flow data is determined and / or updated depending on the parameters if the traffic flows have to be forecast with greater certainty. For example, the traffic flow data are determined and / or updated depending on the day of the week and the time of day.
- the current driving activity data expediently comprise the operating state of the vehicles which are equipped with a driving activity sensor.
- the invention acquires the driving activity data by querying and evaluating the activity of mobile radio telephone networks.
- the readiness display when starting the vehicle can be used for this. In this case, there is no need to install special driving activity sensors.
- the size of the spatial area in which the imminent or already running driving activities are recorded is expediently specified as a function of the population density.
- a system for implementing the method has vehicles from a sample vehicle fleet, each of which has means for determining the current position, for storing at least the route data and for transmitting data to a receiving unit which is arranged outside the vehicles.
- the driving activities are recorded by spatially distributed driving activity sensors, which in turn have means for transmitting the recorded driving activity data to the fixedly arranged receiving unit.
- the system comprises a traffic computer which has a digital road map, an electronic memory for storing empirical values and is connected to the receiving unit for receiving the data transmitted by the vehicles of the sample vehicle fleet and the driving activity sensors.
- the current position is expediently determined by a receiver for signals from navigation satellite systems (e.g. GPS), since it is small in structure and the position can be determined relatively easily with sufficient accuracy.
- navigation satellite systems e.g. GPS
- the traffic computer has a transmission unit for sending requests to the driving activity sensors, so that the driving activity sensors can be controlled from the traffic computer via a receiving unit, which is also provided. In this way, the traffic computer is given the opportunity to obtain the driving activity data if necessary.
- the vehicles in the sample vehicle fleet also have a receiving unit for receiving requests from the traffic computer.
- the driving activity sensors are installed in as many vehicles as possible and that the driving activity data is transmitted in an anonymous form to the traffic computer, for example when the vehicle is started.
- the driving activity sensors are also installed, for example, in vehicles that do not belong to the sample vehicle fleet.
- the driving activity sensors e.g. are permanently installed in the road surface of secondary streets within a residential area in order to record the number of active vehicles that are likely to contribute to the corresponding traffic flows at the selected locations or sections of the route at different times.
- the vehicles also expediently have a sensor for detecting the current vehicle speed, the traffic flows can then be determined more precisely and linked directly to the vehicle density.
- the system for carrying out the method for forecasting the traffic flows essentially comprises three subsystems: a sample vehicle fleet 10, driving activity sensors 20 arranged spatially distributed, which can be installed in particular in the vehicles 11 of the sample vehicle fleet 10, and a traffic computer 30.
- the spatially distributed driving activity sensors 20 can be movable as well as stationary driving activity sensors 20. It is essential here that driving activity sensors 20 are arranged spatially distributed over a certain geographical area in order to record the driving activities as "area-wide" as possible.
- the subsystems can be interconnected in terms of data technology.
- the vehicles 11 of the sample vehicle fleet 10 are each equipped with a transmitter.
- the driving activity sensors 20, together with a transmitter also form a technical device Unit that can automatically transmit driving activity data to the traffic computer 30.
- the traffic computer 30 is provided with a corresponding receiving unit 31 for receiving the route data of the vehicles 11 of the sample vehicle fleet 10 and the driving activity data recorded by the driving activity sensors 20.
- the receiving units of the vehicles 11 of the sample vehicle fleet 10 and / or the driving activity sensors 20 can be equipped with a receiving device. These receiving devices then make it possible to receive requests from the traffic computer, which can call up the corresponding travel route and driving activity data when there is a corresponding need for information, for example in difficult traffic situations on the corresponding route sections.
- the means installed in the vehicles of the sample vehicle fleet 10 include a device for determining the current position and expediently also the current vehicle speed, a memory for storing at least the route data and the above-mentioned. Transmitting device for transmitting data to the traffic computer 30 which is arranged outside the vehicles 11.
- a receiver for signals from navigation satellite systems can be provided in the vehicles of the sample vehicle fleet 10, for example.
- a storage unit is provided in the vehicles 11 of the sample vehicle fleet 10, which is expediently organized in the form of a ring storage system and only records the information over a limited period of time.
- the storage of the position positions determined by the receiver for signals from navigation satellite systems and the data transmission to the traffic computer 30 are expediently controlled by a microprocessor integrated in the vehicle.
- the transmitter unit installed in the vehicles 11 enables this Transmission of the route data to the traffic computer 30, the data transmission being triggered by the microprocessor.
- the traffic computer 30 arranged outside the vehicles 11 of the sample vehicle fleet 10 is connected directly to a receiving unit 31.
- the travel routes of the vehicles 11 of the sample vehicle fleet 10 are transferred to the traffic computer 30 via this connection.
- the traffic computer 30 is equipped with corresponding storage units for storing the travel routes.
- a digital road map provided in the traffic computer 30 enables the assignment of the travel routes to the associated road sections.
- the empirical values derived from the travel routes with regard to the traffic flows and their composition at selected locations or sections of a road network are stored in a special memory unit of the traffic computer 30.
- driving activity sensors 20 are arranged spatially distributed in this area. Spatially distributed is not to be understood statically, since the driving activity sensors 20 can be sensors installed in vehicles, for example, which detect the operating state of the vehicle and can transmit it to the traffic computer 30 immediately or under certain predetermined or predefinable conditions.
- the driving activity sensors 20 can also be sensors that do not or not only record current driving activities of a vehicle, but also record events that are related to upcoming driving activities. The upcoming driving activities can be related to the recorded events with a certain statistical certainty.
- the driving activity sensors 20 can be cellular telephones, the activity of which can be detected and evaluated within a cellular telephone network in order to obtain information about upcoming or current driving activities.
- the “driving activity sensors” are not equipped with a special transmission device for transmitting the detected activity data to the traffic computer 30, but the mobile telephone network takes over the data transmission with the transmission units to the traffic computer 30.
- the starting point of the method for forecasting the traffic flows at selected locations or sections of a road network are vehicles 11 of a sample vehicle fleet 10 that automatically determine their travel route and move within a road network.
- the movement of these vehicles 11 within the road network takes place e.g. randomly and without special requirements.
- the current position and the current vehicle speed are continuously determined in the vehicle and successively stored together in a storage unit.
- These stored location positions represent the most important part of the route data, which in particular can also include the time of the respective location determination.
- the route data are transmitted from the vehicles 11 of the sample vehicle fleet 10 to the fixed reception unit 31 of the traffic computer 30 by means of the transmission unit.
- the route data are transmitted depending on the time and / or the route; they can be carried out regularly or irregularly or also on request.
- the receiving unit 31 transfers the travel route data to the traffic computer 30, which initially stores them in a memory or memory area provided for this purpose.
- the route data are each assigned to the individual sections of the road network on the digital road map. Thereafter, the traffic computer 30 determines the essential partial flows (partial traffic flows) and the traffic densities caused thereby at at least one selected location or route section of a road network relative to one another, that is to say the percentage of a partial flow in the total traffic flow at a selected location or route sections of a road network determined.
- These traffic flow conditions determined in this way are compared and modified with the empirical values available in the memory, ie with the empirical values at the same time on a corresponding weekday, taking into account special boundary conditions.
- a special boundary condition would be, for example, the start of school holidays on that day in a certain state and the like.
- the modification can take place, for example, by carrying out a special averaging in which the weighted average is formed from the current traffic flow conditions and the "experience traffic flow conditions" at the selected location or route section at such a time on a corresponding day of the week taking into account special boundary conditions.
- the time-dependent “experience traffic flow conditions” are expediently updated by the traffic computer 30, for example also by weighted averaging.
- the driving activity data determined by the driving activity sensors 20 in a predetermined larger area around a selected location or route section are transmitted to the receiving unit 31, transferred from the receiving unit 31 to the traffic computer 30 and from the traffic computer 30 in one the memory or memory area provided for this purpose is stored and evaluated at a suitable time.
- the evaluation is carried out by starting from the determined driving activity data, i.e. the driving activities, partial flows (partial traffic flows) resulting from this with a certain statistical probability. This can in turn be done on the basis of empirical values stored in the memory.
- the forecast of the traffic flows at selected locations or sections of a road network is then carried out with the aid of the partial flows (partial traffic flows) derived from the driving activity data on the basis of the determined traffic flow conditions, i.e. essentially by extrapolation of the traffic flow data (traffic flow conditions) assigned to the places or sections of the route, taking into account empirical values which can be time-dependent in particular. Appropriate measures to influence traffic or route guidance of vehicles can then be carried out on the basis of the predicted traffic flows.
- the method according to the invention mainly provides the traffic flow conditions at selected locations or sections of a road network;
- the determination of the absolute traffic densities, if these are required, generally has to be carried out using supplementary methods.
- this determination of the absolute traffic density can be made on the basis of empirical values. It is also possible to distribute some traffic density sensors in the road network and thus calibrate the traffic flow conditions, i.e. absolute locations or sections of the route Assign traffic densities based on the specific traffic flow conditions.
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Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und System zur Prognose von Verkehrsströmen an ausgewählten Orten oder Streckenabschnitten eines Straßennetzes, insbesondere zur Verkehrslenkung und Zielführung von Fahrzeugen, bei dem ermittelte Verkehrsstromdaten, die Informationen mindestens über die Verkehrsdichte enthalten, von einem Verkehrsrechner, der eine digitale Straßenkarte aufweist, zur Prognose der zu erwartenden Verkehrsströme herangezogen werden.The invention relates to a method and system for forecasting traffic flows at selected locations or sections of a road network, in particular for traffic control and route guidance of vehicles, in which determined traffic flow data, which contain information at least on the traffic density, from a traffic computer which has a digital road map, can be used to forecast the expected traffic flows.
Aus der WO 89/02142 ist ein System zur optimalen Nutzung eines Straßennetzes bekannt, das an ausgewählten Orten oder Streckenabschnitten über mindestens einen Aufnahmesensor verfügt, der den Verkehrszustand, insbesondere die Verkehrsdichte, erfaßt. Die Verkehrszustandsdaten werden anschließend an eine Leitstelle, welche ein Verkehrsrechner sein kann, übertragen. In der Leitstelle erfolgt die Verarbeitung und Aufbereitung der Verkehrszustandsdaten, die anschließend zur direkten Verkehrslenkung verwendet werden, beispielsweise durch direkte Information des Autofahrers; die Verkehrslenkung erfolgt auf der Grundlage eines Soll-Ist-Vergleichs der Verkehrszustandsdaten von ausgewählten Orten oder Streckenabschnitten. Die Soll-Werte entsprechen dabei beispielsweise dem optimalen Verkehrszustand auf dem entsprechenden Streckenabschnitt des Straßennetzes. Zur besseren Erfassung der Verkehrsströme werden die an verschiedenen Orten ermittelten Verkehrszustandsdaten zweier Meßstellen z.B. einer Korrelationsanalyse unterworfen, um daraus Aussagen u.a. über die Verkehrsströme zu erhalten.A system for optimal use of a road network is known from WO 89/02142, which has at least one recording sensor at selected locations or route sections, which detects the traffic condition, in particular the traffic density. The traffic status data is then transmitted to a control center, which can be a traffic computer. In the control center, the processing and preparation of the traffic condition data takes place, which are then used for direct traffic control, for example by direct information to the driver; the traffic control is based on a target-actual comparison of the traffic status data from selected locations or sections of the route. The target values correspond, for example, to the optimal traffic condition on the corresponding section of the road network. For better detection of the traffic flows, the traffic condition data of two measuring points determined at different locations are e.g. subjected to a correlation analysis in order to derive statements to get about the traffic flows.
Nachteilig ist bei diesem System zur besseren Ausnutzung des bestehenden Straßennetzes, daß die Verkehrsströme nur unzureichend prognostiziert werden können, da insbesondere nur begrenzt ermittelbar ist, aus welchen Teilströmen sich die ermittelten Verkehrsströme zusammensetzen. Eine Prognose der Verkehrsströme an ausgewählten Orten oder Streckenabschnitten ist bei diesem System somit mit erheblicher Unsicherheit behaftet.A disadvantage of this system for better utilization of the existing road network is that the traffic flows can only be forecast inadequately, since the partial flows from which the determined traffic flows are composed can in particular only be determined to a limited extent. A forecast of traffic flows This system is therefore subject to considerable uncertainty at selected locations or sections of the route.
Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Verfahren und ein System anzugeben, das eine sicherere Prognose der Verkehrsströme an ausgewählten Orten oder Streckenabschnitten eines Straßennetzes ermöglicht und dadurch insbesondere eine effektive Verkehrslenkung und Zielführung von Fahrzeugen gestattet.It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and a system which enables a more reliable forecast of the traffic flows at selected locations or sections of a road network and thereby in particular allows effective traffic control and route guidance of vehicles.
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe hinsichtlich des Verfahrens ist erfindungsgemäß gekennzeichnet durch die im kennzeichnenden Teil des Patentanspruchs 1 angegebenen Merkmale. Durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale der Unteransprüche 2 bis 7 ist dieses Verfahren in vorteilhafter Weise weiter ausgestaltbar. Ein System zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens weist die Merkmale des Patentanspruches 8 auf; durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale der Unteransprüche 9 bis 13 ist dieses System in vorteilhafter Weise weiter ausgestaltbar.The solution to this problem with regard to the method is characterized according to the invention by the features specified in the characterizing part of patent claim 1. Due to the characterizing features of subclaims 2 to 7, this method can advantageously be further developed. A system for carrying out the method according to the invention has the features of claim 8; by the characterizing features of subclaims 9 to 13, this system can be further developed in an advantageous manner.
Die Erfindung sieht vor, daß Fahrzeuge einer Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte jeweils ihre aktuelle Ortsposition zeit- und/oder wegabhängig ermitteln und abspeichern, so daß die ermittelten Ortspositionen als Fahrtroutendaten der zurückgelegten Fahrtroute einer Auswertung zur Verfügung stehen. Mindestens ein Teil der Fahrzeuge der Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte überträgt dazu in Abständen die Fahrtroutendaten an einen Verkehrsrechner. Der Verkehrsrechner bestimmt aus den aktuell erfaßten Fahrtroutendaten die Verkehrsströme sowie ihre Zusammensetzung, d.h. die Teilströme, aus denen sich die Verkehrsströme im wesentlichen zusammensetzen, und ordnet diese den ausgewählten Orten oder Streckenabschnitten zu. Gleichzeitig dienen die ermittelten Verkehrsströme sowie ihre Zusammensetzung der Ermittlung und/oder Aktualisierung statistischer Verkehrsstromdaten, die vom Verkehrsrechner als zeitabhängige Erfahrungswerte für die Prognose der Verkehrsströme herangezogen werden. Zur Prognose der Verkehrsströme werden zusätzlich aktuelle Fahraktivitätsdaten in einem vorgegebenen größeren räumlichen Bereich um die ausgewählten Orte oder Streckenabschnitte herum erfaßt und an den Verkehrsrechner übertragen, so daß der Verkehrsrechner ausgehend von den Fahraktivitätsdaten die Prognose der Verkehrsströme an den ausgewählten Orten oder Streckenabschnitten durch Extrapolation der zugeordneten Verkehrsstromdaten unter Berücksichtigung der zeitabhängigen Erfahrungswerte ermitteln kann. Als aktuelle Fahraktivitätsdaten können auch Daten herangezogen werden, die nicht in jedem Fall bereits eine tatsächliche Fahraktivität repräsentieren, sondern erst auf eine unmittelbar bevorstehende Fahraktivität hindeuten (z.B. Bereitschaftsanzeige eines Mobilfunktelefons in einem Fahrzeug, welches gerade erst gestartet wird).The invention provides that vehicles in a sample vehicle fleet each determine and store their current location as a function of time and / or distance, so that the location positions determined are available for evaluation as route data of the route traveled. At least some of the vehicles in the sample vehicle fleet transmit the route data to a traffic computer at intervals. The traffic computer determines the traffic flows and their composition, ie the partial flows from which the traffic flows are essentially composed, from the currently recorded route data and assigns them to the selected locations or sections of the route. At the same time, the determined traffic flows and their composition serve to determine and / or update statistical traffic flow data, which are used by the traffic computer as time-dependent empirical values for the forecast of the traffic flows. In order to forecast the traffic flows, current driving activity data are additionally recorded in a predetermined larger spatial area around the selected locations or route sections and transmitted to the traffic computer, so that the traffic computer, based on the driving activity data, the forecast of the traffic flows at the selected locations or route sections by extrapolation of the assigned ones Can determine traffic flow data taking into account the time-dependent empirical values. As current driving activity data Data can also be used that do not always represent an actual driving activity, but only indicate an imminent driving activity (e.g. readiness display of a mobile phone in a vehicle that is just being started).
Bei diesem Verfahren zur Prognose der Verkehrsströme anhand von Fahrtroutendaten einer Vielzahl von Fahrzeugen verfügt der Verkehrsrechner nicht nur über Verkehrsstromdaten zu bestimmten Zeitpunkten, sondern auch über Angaben darüber, aus welchen Verkehrsströmen sich diese Verkehrsstromdaten zusammensetzen. Die von den Fahrzeugen der Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte übermittelten Fahrtroutendaten enthalten einerseits Informationen beispielsweise über die relative Verkehrsdichte an einzelnen Orten oder Streckenabschnitten, andererseits aber auch Informationen darüber, welche Verkehrsströme diese Verkehrsdichte anteilig hervorrufen. So ist es möglich, beispielsweise aus der Zahl der aktiven Kraftfahrzeuge in einem vorgegebenen größeren räumlichen Bereich um die ausgewählten Orte oder Streckenabschnitte herum, die kurzfristig oder langfristig zu erwartenden Verkehrsströme an den ausgewählten Orten oder Streckenabschnitten sicher vorherzusagen.In this method of forecasting traffic flows based on route data from a large number of vehicles, the traffic computer not only has traffic flow data at specific points in time, but also information about the traffic flows that make up this traffic flow data. The route data transmitted by the vehicles in the sample vehicle fleet contain information on the one hand, for example, about the relative traffic density at individual locations or sections of the route, and on the other hand also information about which traffic flows cause this traffic density in part. It is thus possible, for example from the number of active motor vehicles in a predetermined larger spatial area around the selected locations or route sections, to reliably predict the short-term or long-term traffic flows to be expected at the selected locations or route sections.
Um die Übertragungskanäle für die Übertragung der Fahrtroutendaten nicht zu überlasten, werden die Fahrtroutendaten in reduzierter Form übertragen, indem redundante Daten entfernt werden, die beispielsweise bei der Fahrt entlang einer geraden Straße oder Autobahn in den Fahrtroutendaten enthalten sind. Die Übertragung erfolgt zweckmäßigerweise über ein Funktelefon.In order not to overload the transmission channels for the transmission of the route data, the route data are transmitted in a reduced form by removing redundant data which are contained in the route data, for example, when traveling along a straight road or freeway. The transmission is advantageously carried out via a radio telephone.
Die Ermittlung und/oder Aktualisierung statistischer Verkehrsstromdaten erfolgt parameterabhängig, wenn die Verkehrsströme mit höherer Sicherheit prognostiziert werden müssen. So werden die Verkehrsstromdaten beispielsweise in Abhängigkeit vom Wochentag und von der Tageszeit ermittelt und/oder aktualisiert.Statistical traffic flow data is determined and / or updated depending on the parameters if the traffic flows have to be forecast with greater certainty. For example, the traffic flow data are determined and / or updated depending on the day of the week and the time of day.
Es ist zweckmäßig, die Fahrtroutendaten der zurückgelegten Fahrtroute und die Fahraktivitätsdaten unter bestimmten Bedingungen erst nach Aufforderung durch den Verkehrsrechner an diesen zu übertragen.It is expedient to transmit the route data of the route covered and the driving activity data under certain conditions only after being requested by the traffic computer.
Zweckmäßigerweise umfassen die aktuellen Fahraktivitätsdaten den Betriebszustand der Fahrzeuge, die mit einem Fahraktivitätssensor ausgestattet sind.The current driving activity data expediently comprise the operating state of the vehicles which are equipped with a driving activity sensor.
Mit Vorteil wird durch die Erfindung vorgeschlagen, die Fahraktivitätsdaten durch Abfrage und Auswertung der Aktivität von Mobilfunktelefonnetzen zu erfassen. Hierfür läßt sich insbesondere die Bereitschaftsanzeige beim Starten des Fahrzeugs nutzen. In diesem Fall erübrigt sich die Installation von speziellen Fahraktivitätssensoren.It is advantageously proposed by the invention to acquire the driving activity data by querying and evaluating the activity of mobile radio telephone networks. In particular, the readiness display when starting the vehicle can be used for this. In this case, there is no need to install special driving activity sensors.
Die Größe des räumlichen Bereichs, in dem die unmittelbar bevorstehenden oder bereits laufenden Fahraktivitäten erfaßt werden, wird zweckmäßigerweise in Abhängigkeit von der Besiedlungsdichte vorgegeben.The size of the spatial area in which the imminent or already running driving activities are recorded is expediently specified as a function of the population density.
Ein System zur Durchführung des Verfahrens weist Fahrzeuge einer Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte auf, die jeweils Mittel zur Bestimmung der aktuellen Ortsposition, zur Speicherung mindestens der Fahrtroutendaten und zur Übertragung von Daten an eine außerhalb der Fahrzeuge fest angeordneten Empfangseinheit aufweisen. Die Fahraktivitäten werden durch räumlich verteilt angeordnete Fahraktivitätssensoren erfaßt, die wiederum Mittel aufweisen zur Übertragung der erfaßten Fahraktivitätsdaten an die fest angeordnete Empfangseinheit. Darüber hinaus umfaßt das System einen Verkehrsrechner, der eine digitale Straßenkarte, einen elektronischen Speicher zur Speicherung von Erfahrungswerten aufweist und mit der Empfangseinheit zum Empfang der von den Fahrzeugen der Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte und den Fahraktivitätssensoren übertragenden Daten verbunden ist.A system for implementing the method has vehicles from a sample vehicle fleet, each of which has means for determining the current position, for storing at least the route data and for transmitting data to a receiving unit which is arranged outside the vehicles. The driving activities are recorded by spatially distributed driving activity sensors, which in turn have means for transmitting the recorded driving activity data to the fixedly arranged receiving unit. In addition, the system comprises a traffic computer which has a digital road map, an electronic memory for storing empirical values and is connected to the receiving unit for receiving the data transmitted by the vehicles of the sample vehicle fleet and the driving activity sensors.
Die Bestimmung der aktuellen Ortsposition erfolgt zweckmäßigerweise durch einen Empfänger für Signale von Navigations-Satelliten-Systemen (z.B. GPS), da dieser klein im Aufbau ist und die Ortsposition mit hinreichender Genauigkeit technisch relativ einfach bestimmt werden kann.The current position is expediently determined by a receiver for signals from navigation satellite systems (e.g. GPS), since it is small in structure and the position can be determined relatively easily with sufficient accuracy.
In Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist es vorgesehen, daß der Verkehrsrechner eine Sendeeinheit zum Senden von Anforderungen an die Fahraktivitätssensoren aufweist, so daß die Fahraktivitätssensoren über eine ebenfalls vorgesehene Empfangseinheit vom Verkehrsrechner aus gesteuert werden können. Auf diese Art und Weise erhält der Verkehrsrechner die Möglichkeit, die Fahraktivitätsdaten bei Bedarf einzuholen.In an embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the traffic computer has a transmission unit for sending requests to the driving activity sensors, so that the driving activity sensors can be controlled from the traffic computer via a receiving unit, which is also provided. In this way, the traffic computer is given the opportunity to obtain the driving activity data if necessary.
Darüber hinaus ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Fahrzeuge der Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte ebenfalls eine Empfangseinheit zum Empfang von Anforderungen des Verkehrsrechners aufweisen.In addition, it is advantageous if the vehicles in the sample vehicle fleet also have a receiving unit for receiving requests from the traffic computer.
Um eine sichere Prognose der Verkehrsströme zu gewährleisten, ist es vorgesehen, daß die Fahraktivitätssensoren möglichst in einer Vielzahl von Fahrzeugen installiert sind und daß die Fahraktivitätsdaten in anonymisierter Form beispielsweise beim Start des Fahrzeugs an den Verkehrsrechner übertragen werden. Die Fahraktivitätssensoren sind beispielsweise auch in Fahrzeugen installiert, die nicht zur Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte gehören. Es ist aber auch denkbar, daß die Fahraktivitätssensoren z.B. fest in der Straßendecke von Nebenstraßen innerhalb eines Wohngebiets installiert sind, um die Zahl der aktiven Fahrzeuge zu erfassen, die mit einer gewissen Wahrscheinlichkeit zeitlich versetzt zu den entsprechenden Verkehrsströmen an den ausgewählten Orten oder Streckenabschnitten beitragen.In order to ensure a reliable forecast of the traffic flows, it is provided that the driving activity sensors are installed in as many vehicles as possible and that the driving activity data is transmitted in an anonymous form to the traffic computer, for example when the vehicle is started. The driving activity sensors are also installed, for example, in vehicles that do not belong to the sample vehicle fleet. However, it is also conceivable that the driving activity sensors e.g. are permanently installed in the road surface of secondary streets within a residential area in order to record the number of active vehicles that are likely to contribute to the corresponding traffic flows at the selected locations or sections of the route at different times.
Zweckmäßigerweise weisen die Fahrzeuge auch einen Sensor zur Erfassung der momentanen Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit auf, die Verkehrsströme können dann genauer ermittelt und direkt mit der Fahrzeugdichte verknüpft werden.The vehicles also expediently have a sensor for detecting the current vehicle speed, the traffic flows can then be determined more precisely and linked directly to the vehicle density.
Anhand des in der einzigen Figur dargestellten Systems zur Prognose der Verkehrsströme an ausgewählten Orten oder Streckenabschnitten eines Straßennetzes wird die Erfindung nachfolgend exemplarisch näher erläutert.On the basis of the system for forecasting the traffic flows at selected locations or sections of a road network shown in the single figure, the invention is explained in more detail below by way of example.
Das System zur Durchführung des Verfahrens zur Prognose der Verkehrsströme umfaßt im wesentlichen drei Teilsysteme: Eine Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte 10, räumlich verteilt angeordnete Fahraktivitätssensoren 20, die insbesondere in den Fahrzeugen 11 der Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte 10 installiert sein können, und einen Verkehrsrechner 30. Bei den räumlich verteilt angeordneten Fahraktivitätssensoren 20 kann es sich um bewegliche als auch um ortsfeste Fahraktivitätssensoren 20 handeln. Wesentlich ist dabei, daß Fahraktivitätssensoren 20 räumlich über einen gewissen geographischen Bereich verteilt angeordnet sind, um die Fahraktivitäten möglichst "flächendeckend" zu erfassen. Die Teilsysteme sind datentechnisch miteinander verbindbar. Zur Herstellung der datentechnischen Verbindung mit dem Verkehrsrechner 30 sind die Fahrzeuge 11 der Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte 10 jeweils mit einem Sendegerät ausgestattet. Auch die Fahraktivitätssensoren 20 bilden zusammen mit einem Sender eine gerätetechnische Einheit, die selbsttätig Fahraktivitätsdaten an den Verkehrsrechner 30 übermitteln kann. Zum Empfang der Fahrtroutendaten der Fahrzeuge 11 der Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte 10 und der von den Fahraktivitätssensoren 20 erfaßten Fahraktivitätsdaten ist der Verkehrsrechner 30 mit einer entsprechenden Empfangseinheit 31 versehen. Zusätzlich können die Empfangseinheiten der Fahrzeuge 11 der Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte 10 und/oder der Fahraktivitätssensoren 20 mit einer Empfangseinrichtung ausgerüstet sein. Diese Empfangseinrichtungen ermöglichen dann den Empfang von Anforderungen des Verkehrsrechners, der die entsprechenden Fahrtrouten- und Fahraktivitätsdaten bei entsprechendem Informationsbedarf, beispielsweise bei schwierigen Verkehrssituationen auf den entsprechenden Streckenabschnitten, abrufen kann.The system for carrying out the method for forecasting the traffic flows essentially comprises three subsystems: a
Die in den Fahrzeugen der Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte 10 installierten Mittel umfassen ein Gerät zur Bestimmung der aktuellen Ortsposition und zweckmäßigerweise auch der momentanen Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit, einen Speicher zur Speicherung mindestens der Fahrtroutendaten und die bereits o.g. Sendeeinrichtung zur Übertragung von Daten an den außerhalb der Fahrzeuge 11 fest angeordneten Verkehrsrechner 30. Zur Bestimmung der aktuellen Ortsposition und der momentanen Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit kann beispielsweise ein Empfänger für Signale von Navigations-Satelliten-Systemen in den Fahrzeugen der Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte 10 vorgesehen sein. Die Erfassung der momentanen Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit kann selbstverständlich auch durch separate Sensoren (z.B. Tachometer) erfolgen; die Verkehrsströme an ausgewählten Orten oder Streckenabschnitten können dann genauer ermittelt und direkt mit der Fahrzeugdichte verknüpft werden (Anzahl Fahrzeuge = mittlere Geschwindigkeit pro Fahrzeugdichte).The means installed in the vehicles of the
Zur Speicherung der Fahrtroutendaten der von einem Fahrzeug 11 zurückgelegten Strecke ist in den Fahrzeugen 11 der Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte 10 jeweils eine Speichereinheit vorgesehen, die zweckmäßig im Sinne eines Ringspeichersystems organisiert ist und lediglich die Informationen über einen begrenzten Zeitraum hinweg erfaßt. Zweckmäßigerweise wird die Speicherung der vom Empfänger für Signale von Navigations-Satelliten-Systemen ermittelten Ortspositionen und die Datenübertragung an den Verkehrsrechner 30 von einem im Fahrzeug integrierten Mikroprozessor gesteuert. Die in den Fahrzeugen 11 installierte Sendeeinheit ermöglicht die Übertragung der Fahrtroutendaten an den Verkehrsrechner 30, wobei die Auslösung der Datenübertragung durch den Mikroprozessor erfolgt.To store the route data of the route covered by a
Der außerhalb der Fahrzeuge 11 der Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte 10 angeordnete Verkehrsrechner 30 ist direkt mit einer Empfangseinheit 31 verbunden. Über diese Verbindung werden die Fahrtrouten der Fahrzeuge 11 der Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte 10 an den Verkehrsrechner 30 übergeben. Zur Ablage der Fahrtrouten ist der Verkehrsrechner 30 mit entsprechenden Speichereinheiten ausgerüstet. Eine im Verkehrsrechner 30 vorgesehene digitale Straßenkarte ermöglicht die Zuordnung der Fahrtrouten zu den dazugehörenden Straßenabschnitten. Die aus den Fahrtrouten abgeleiteten Erfahrungswerte bezüglich der Verkehrsströme und deren Zusammensetzung an ausgewählten Orten oder Streckenabschnitten eines Straßennetzes sind in einer speziellen Speichereinheit des Verkehrsrechners 30 abgelegt.The
Um Fahraktivitäten in einem vorgegebenen größeren Bereich um einen ausgewählten Ort oder Streckenabschnitt herum erfassen zu können, sind Fahraktivitätssensoren 20 in diesem Bereich räumlich verteilt angeordnet. Räumlich verteilt ist dabei nicht statisch zu verstehen, da es sich bei den Fahraktivitätssensoren 20 beispielsweise um in Fahrzeugen installierte Sensoren handeln kann, die den Betriebszustand des Fahrzeugs erfassen und sofort oder unter bestimmten vorgegebenen oder vorgebbaren Bedingungen an den Verkehrsrechner 30 übertragen können. Bei den Fahraktivitätssensoren 20 kann es sich auch um Sensoren handeln, die nicht oder nicht nur aktuelle Fahraktivitäten eines Fahrzeugs erfassen, sondern solche Ereignisse erfassen, die mit bevorstehenden Fahraktivitäten zusammenhängen. Die bevorstehenden Fahraktivitäten können dabei mit einer gewissen statistischen Sicherheit mit den erfaßten Ereignissen zusammenhängen. So kann es sich bei den Fahraktivitätssensoren 20 um Mobilfunk-Telefone handeln, deren Aktivität innerhalb eines Mobilfunk-Telefonnetzes erfaßt und ausgewertet werden, um eine Aussage über bevorstehende oder aktuelle Fahraktivitäten zu erhalten. In diesem Falle sind die "Fahraktivitätssensoren" nicht mit einer speziellen Sendeeinrichtung zur Übertragung der erfaßten Aktivitätsdaten an den Verkehrsrechner 30 ausgerüstet, sondern das Mobilfunk-Telefonnetz übernimmt mit seinen Sendeeinheiten die Datenübertragung an den Verkehrsrechner 30.In order to be able to detect driving activities in a predetermined larger area around a selected location or route section,
Ausgangspunkt des Verfahrens zur Prognose der Verkehrsströme an ausgewählten Orten oder Streckenabschnitten eines Straßennetzes sind ihre Fahrtroute selbsttätig ermittelnde Fahrzeuge 11 einer Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte 10, die sich innerhalb eines Straßennetzes bewegen. Die Bewegung dieser Fahrzeuge 11 innerhalb des Straßennetzes erfolgt dabei z.B. zufällig und ohne spezielle Vorgaben. Mittels z.B. eines Empfängers für Signale von Navigations-Satelliten-Systemen werden im Fahrzeug ständig die aktuelle Ortsposition und die momentane Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit ermittelt und nacheinander zusammen in einer Speichereinheit abgelegt. Diese gespeicherten Ortspositionen stellen den wichtigsten Teil der Fahrtroutendaten dar, zu denen insbesondere noch der Zeitpunkt der jeweiligen Ortspositionsermittlung gehören kann. Es ist aber auch möglich, daß der gesamten Fahrtroute und damit den gesamten Fahrtroutendaten nur ein Zeitpunkt oder eine Zeitspanne zugeordnet wird. Eine Zeitzuordnung zu den Fahrtroutendaten erfolgt, wenn eine zeitabhängige Auswertung vorgesehen ist. Die Fahrtroutendaten werden mittels der Sendeeinheit von den Fahrzeugen 11 der Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte 10 an die fest angeordnete Empfangseinheit 31 des Verkehrsrechners 30 übertragen. Die Übertragung der Fahrtroutendaten erfolgt zeit- und/oder wegabhängig, sie kann regelmäßig oder unregelmäßig oder aber auch auf Anforderung erfolgen. Die Empfangseinheit 31 übergibt die Fahrtroutendaten an den Verkehrsrechners 30, der diese zunächst in einem dafür vorgesehenen Speicher oder Speicherbereich ablegt.The starting point of the method for forecasting the traffic flows at selected locations or sections of a road network are
Zur Auswertung durch den Verkehrsrechner 30 werden die Fahrtroutendaten jeweils den einzelnen Streckenabschnitten des Straßennetzes auf der digitalen Straßenkarte zugeordnet. Danach bestimmt der Verkehrsrechner 30 die wesentlichen Teilströme (Teil-Verkehrsströme) und die dadurch bewirkten Verkehrsdichten an mindestens einem ausgewählten Ort oder Streckenabschnitt eines Straßennetzes relativ zueinander, d.h. es wird jeweils der prozentuale Anteil eines Teilstroms am gesamten Verkehrsstrom an einem ausgewählten Ort oder Streckenabschnitte eines Straßennetzes ermittelt. Diese so ermittelten Verkehrsstromverhältnisse werden mit den im Speicher vorliegenden Erfahrungswerten, d.h. mit den Erfahrungswerten zum gleichen Zeitpunkt eines entsprechenden Wochentags unter Berücksichtigung spezieller Randbedingungen, verglichen und modifiziert. Eine spezielle Randbedingung wäre beispielsweise der Beginn von Schulferien an diesem Tag in einem bestimmten Bundesland und dergleichen mehr. Die Modifizierung kann z.B. dadurch erfolgen, daß eine spezielle Mittelung durchgeführt wird, bei der das gewichtete Mittel aus den aktuellen Verkehrsstromverhältnissen und den "Erfahrungs-Verkehrsstromverhältnissen" an dem ausgewählten Ort oder Streckenabschnitt zu einem solchen Zeitpunkt an einem entsprechenden Wochentag unter Berücksichtigung spezieller Randbedingungen gebildet wird. Danach erfolgt zweckmäßigerweise eine Aktualisierung der zeitabhängigen "Erfahrungs-Verkehrsstromverhältnisse" durch den Verkehrsrechner 30, beispielsweise ebenfalls durch gewichtete Mittelung.For evaluation by the
Parallel zur Erfassung, Übertragung und Auswertung der Fahrtroutendaten werden die von den Fahraktivitätssensoren 20 in einem vorgegebenen größeren Bereich um einen ausgewählten Ort oder Streckenabschnitt herum ermittelten Fahraktivitätsdaten an die Empfangseinheit 31 übertragen, von der Empfangseinheit 31 an den Verkehrsrechner 30 übergeben und vom Verkehrsrechner 30 in einem dafür vorgesehenen Speicher oder Speicherbereich abgelegt und zu einem geeigneten Zeitpunkt ausgewertet. Die Auswertung erfolgt, indem ausgehend von den ermittelten Fahraktivitätsdaten, d.h. den Fahraktivitäten, sich daraus mit einer gewissen statistischen Wahrscheinlichkeit ergebende Teilströme (Teil-Verkehrsströme) abgeleitet werden. Dies kann wiederum anhand von im Speicher abgelegten Erfahrungswerten erfolgen.In parallel with the acquisition, transmission and evaluation of the route data, the driving activity data determined by the driving
Die Prognose der Verkehrsströme an ausgewählten Orten oder Streckenabschnitten eines Straßennetzes erfolgt dann mit Hilfe der aus den Fahraktivitätsdaten abgeleiteten Teilströme (Teil-Verkehrsströme) anhand der ermittelten Verkehrsstromverhältnisse, also im wesentlichen durch Extrapolation der den Orten oder Streckenabschnitten zugeordneten Verkehrsstromdaten (Verkehrsstromverhältnisse) unter Berücksichtigung von Erfahrungswerten, die insbesondere zeitabhängig sein können. Anhand der prognostizierten Verkehrsströme können anschließend geeignete Maßnahmen der Verkehrsbeeinflussung oder Zielführung von Fahrzeugen erfolgen.The forecast of the traffic flows at selected locations or sections of a road network is then carried out with the aid of the partial flows (partial traffic flows) derived from the driving activity data on the basis of the determined traffic flow conditions, i.e. essentially by extrapolation of the traffic flow data (traffic flow conditions) assigned to the places or sections of the route, taking into account empirical values which can be time-dependent in particular. Appropriate measures to influence traffic or route guidance of vehicles can then be carried out on the basis of the predicted traffic flows.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren liefert hauptsächlich die Verkehrsstromverhältnisse an ausgewählten Orten oder Streckenabschnitten eines Straßennetzes; das Ermitteln der absoluten Verkehrsdichten muß, wenn diese benötigt werden, in der Regel durch ergänzende Verfahren erfolgen. Diese Bestimmung der absoluten Verkehrsdichte kann aber anhand von Erfahrungswerten vorgenommen werden. Auch ist es möglich, einige Verkehrsdichte-Sensoren im Straßennetz zu verteilen und damit die Verkehrsstromverhältnisse zu eichen, also ausgewählten Orten oder Streckenabschnitten absolute Verkehrsdichten auf der Grundlage der bestimmten Verkehrsstromverhältnisse zuzuordnen.The method according to the invention mainly provides the traffic flow conditions at selected locations or sections of a road network; The determination of the absolute traffic densities, if these are required, generally has to be carried out using supplementary methods. However, this determination of the absolute traffic density can be made on the basis of empirical values. It is also possible to distribute some traffic density sensors in the road network and thus calibrate the traffic flow conditions, i.e. absolute locations or sections of the route Assign traffic densities based on the specific traffic flow conditions.
- StichprobenfahrzeugflotteSample vehicle fleet
- 1010th
- Fahrzeugevehicles
- 1111
- FahraktivitätssensorenDriving activity sensors
- 2020th
- VerkehrsrechnerTraffic calculator
- 3030th
- EmpfangseinheitReceiving unit
- 3131
Claims (13)
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fahrtroutendaten der zurückgelegten Fahrtroute vor der Übertragung an den Verkehrsrechner in reduzierter Form übertragen werden.Method according to claim 1,
characterized in that the route data of the route traveled are transmitted in a reduced form to the traffic computer prior to transmission.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Verkehrsrechner die Ermittlung und/oder Aktualisierung statistischer Verkehrsstromdaten in Abhängigkeit von vorgegebenen Parametern durchführt.The method of claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that the traffic computer determines and / or updates statistical traffic flow data as a function of predetermined parameters.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Fahrtroutendaten der zurückgelegten Fahrtroute und die Fahraktivitätsdaten nach Aufforderung durch den Verkehrsrechner an diesen übertragen werden.Method according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized,
that the route data of the route traveled and the driving activity data are transmitted to the traffic computer when requested by the traffic computer.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die aktuellen Fahraktivitätsdaten den Betriebszustand eines Fahrzeugs anzeigen.Method according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized,
that the current driving activity data indicate the operating state of a vehicle.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Fahraktivitätsdaten durch Abfrage und Auswertung der Aktivität von Mobilfunk-Telefonnetzen erfaßt werden.Method according to one of claims 1 to 5,
characterized,
that the driving activity data are acquired by querying and evaluating the activity of cellular telephone networks.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der räumliche Bereich, in dem die Fahraktivitäten erfaßt werden, in Abhängigkeit von der Besiedlungsdichte vorgegeben wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 6,
characterized,
that the spatial area in which the driving activities are recorded is specified as a function of the population density.
einen Verkehrsrechner (30), der eine digitale Straßenkarte sowie einen elektronischen Speicher zur Speicherung von Daten aufweist und mit der Empfangseinheit (31) zum Empfang der von den Fahrzeugen (11) der Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte (10) und den Fahraktivitätssensoren (20) übertragenen Daten verbunden ist.System for carrying out the method according to claim 1, comprising vehicles (11) from a sample vehicle fleet (10) which have means for determining the current location, storing at least the location as route data and for transmitting the route data to an independent of the vehicles (11) Arranged receiving unit (31), furthermore spatially distributed driving activity sensors (20), which have means for transmitting the detected driving activity data to the receiving unit (31), and
a traffic computer (30) which has a digital road map and an electronic memory for storing data and with the receiving unit (31) for receiving the vehicles (11) of the sample vehicle fleet (10) and the driving activity sensors (20) transmitted data is connected.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Fahrzeuge (11) zur Bestimmung der aktuellen Ortsposition einen Empfänger für Signale von Navigations-Satelliten-Systemen aufweisen.System according to claim 8,
characterized,
that the vehicles (11) have a receiver for signals from navigation satellite systems to determine the current position.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Verkehrsrechner (30) eine Sendeeinheit zum Senden und die Fahraktivitätssensoren (20) eine Empfangseinrichtung zum Empfang von Anforderungen des Verkehrsrechners zur Datenübertragung aufweisen.System according to claim 8 or 9,
characterized,
that the traffic computer (30) has a transmitting unit for transmitting and the driving activity sensors (20) have a receiving device for receiving requests from the traffic computer for data transmission.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Fahrzeuge (11) der Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte (10 )eine Empfangseinrichtung zum Empfang von Anforderungen des Verkehrsrechners zur Datenübertragung aufweisen.System according to one of claims 8 to 10,
characterized,
that the vehicles (11) of the sample vehicle fleet (10) have a receiving device for receiving requests from the traffic computer for data transmission.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß als Fahraktivitätssensoren (20) die Betriebsbereitschaftsanzeige von Mobilfunktelefonen in einer Vielzahl von Fahrzeugen verwendet werden.System according to one of claims 8 to 11,
characterized,
that the operational readiness display of mobile radio telephones is used as driving activity sensors (20) in a large number of vehicles.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Fahrzeuge (11) einen Sensor zur Erfassung der momentanen Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit aufweisen.System according to claim 8,
characterized,
that the vehicles (11) have a sensor for detecting the current vehicle speed.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19526148A DE19526148C2 (en) | 1995-07-07 | 1995-07-07 | Method and system for forecasting traffic flows |
| DE19526148 | 1995-07-07 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0755039A2 true EP0755039A2 (en) | 1997-01-22 |
| EP0755039A3 EP0755039A3 (en) | 1997-01-29 |
| EP0755039B1 EP0755039B1 (en) | 2002-12-04 |
Family
ID=7767121
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP96250138A Expired - Lifetime EP0755039B1 (en) | 1995-07-07 | 1996-06-26 | Method and system for the prognosis of traffic flow |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5812069A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0755039B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE229211T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19526148C2 (en) |
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| CN108257382A (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-07-06 | 上海应用技术大学 | Intersection congestion key point finding method and system based on correlation analysis |
| CN113424571A (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2021-09-21 | 大众汽车股份公司 | Method for predicting channel load |
| CN109741604A (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2019-05-10 | 南通大学 | Based on tranquilization shot and long term memory network model prediction intersection traffic method of flow |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE59609937D1 (en) | 2003-01-16 |
| US5812069A (en) | 1998-09-22 |
| EP0755039A3 (en) | 1997-01-29 |
| DE19526148A1 (en) | 1997-02-06 |
| DE19526148C2 (en) | 1997-06-05 |
| ATE229211T1 (en) | 2002-12-15 |
| EP0755039B1 (en) | 2002-12-04 |
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