EP0753607A2 - Plastic fibrids - Google Patents

Plastic fibrids Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0753607A2
EP0753607A2 EP96108678A EP96108678A EP0753607A2 EP 0753607 A2 EP0753607 A2 EP 0753607A2 EP 96108678 A EP96108678 A EP 96108678A EP 96108678 A EP96108678 A EP 96108678A EP 0753607 A2 EP0753607 A2 EP 0753607A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fibrids
plastic
polyurethane
liquid jets
jet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP96108678A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0753607A3 (en
Inventor
Peter Dr. Steinau
Volker Mai
Dieter Jungert
Birgitta Meier
Eckehard Pohl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Messer Griesheim GmbH
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Messer Griesheim GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Messer Griesheim GmbH filed Critical Messer Griesheim GmbH
Publication of EP0753607A2 publication Critical patent/EP0753607A2/en
Publication of EP0753607A3 publication Critical patent/EP0753607A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
    • D01F6/70—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyurethanes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/40—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like by applying a shearing force to a dispersion or solution of filament formable polymers, e.g. by stirring

Definitions

  • the invention relates to plastic fibrids according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Plastic fibrids are non-spinnable, highly surface-rich fibers with irregular fiber morphology. They are made up of crystalline and amorphous fiber parts and represent very small fiber units. The possible uses of these fibers have increased significantly in recent years. In addition to the conventional areas of application, such as in paper production, the increasing importance of the recyclability of products enables further sales markets to be opened up.
  • Plastic fibrids made of polyethylene (HDPE, LLDPE) and polypropylene (PP) are known to date.
  • the plastic fibrids are manufactured using the flash spinning process.
  • the plastics are emulsified in a water-solvent mixture under pressure and temperature and the emulsion is sprayed into a vacuum.
  • the solvent evaporates, the temperature drops sharply and the plastic is transformed into fibrids under crystallization.
  • plastics which are economically and technically suitable in normally available solvents, such as e.g. aliphatic hydrocarbons, are soluble. The result is products that have to be subjected to post-treatment.
  • Plastic fibrids made of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) or polyaromatics are made from prefabricated splicable fibers.
  • the way to produce the fibrids is via foils or staple fibers.
  • the film is extruded, cut, hidden and mechanically fibrillated.
  • the film is stretched many times its length under the influence of heat.
  • the molecules must be oriented at a temperature below the crystallite melting point. There is a significant increase in tear strength and a decrease in elongation at break in the stretching direction.
  • Spun fibers are specially stretched (high modulus) to increase the tendency to splice.
  • the use of the fibrids is essentially based on the raw material properties of the starting plastics.
  • the invention has for its object to create new plastic fibrids.
  • polyurethane-based fibrids preferably from a hydroxyl polyurethane
  • the fibrids are characterized by the desired fibril fineness and shortness of 0.1 to 5 mm during manufacture.
  • the fibrids according to the invention are characterized in that they consist of a polyurethane (PUR) which is injected as a low-viscosity jet into a shear field formed by liquid jets, torn apart by the liquid jets and by cooling, crystallization and orientation to fibrids is formed.
  • PUR polyurethane
  • the polyurethane-based fibrids have a specific surface area of 1 to 10 m 2 / g and can be dispersed in water without pretreatment and additives.
  • the Schopper-Riegler value is approx. 10 o .
  • the softening temperature is between 45 - 70 o C with good temperature stability up to over 200 o C.
  • the inventive method for producing fibrids based on thermoplastic polyurethane is based on the idea that at temperatures below its decomposition temperatures between 50 o C and 350 o C, in particular 200 o C and 300 o C, to heat and to a viscous mass to tear up.
  • the polyurethane jet After heating, the polyurethane jet has a viscosity of less than 200 pscal.seconds, preferably less than 100 (Pa.s).
  • the low-viscosity polyurethane is freely sprayed into a high-energy shear field at a pressure between 100 and 1000 bar at high speed.
  • the shear field forms liquid or gaseous atomizing jets that are aligned with a center and hit the polyurethane jet with high kinetic energy at pressures between 100 and 1000 bar.
  • the atomizing jets preferably consist of cryogenic liquefied gases, such as the inert gases nitrogen and argon. Water can also be used at pressures above 100 bar.
  • cryogenic liquefied gases such as the inert gases nitrogen and argon. Water can also be used at pressures above 100 bar.
  • the polyurethane torn in the shear field with liquid nitrogen jets forms fibrids on cooling, crystallization and orientation.
  • the polyurethane melted in an extruder is freely sprayed into the atomization chamber at a temperature of 50 ° C. to 350 ° C. through a nozzle which determines the polyurethane jet geometry.
  • the spray pressure is at least 100 bar and is only limited by technical and economic limits with regard to its maximum pressure, for example 1000 bar.
  • the polyurethane jet immediately reaches the center of the shear field generated by a nozzle system.
  • the nozzle system consists of flat jet or full jet nozzles, which are arranged at an angle of 30 to 150 ° to the polyurethane jet.
  • the polyurethane jet is torn apart by the energy of the shear field and at the same time extremely cooled.
  • the kinetic energy of the atomizing medium preferably a liquefied inert gas, in particular nitrogen
  • the large temperature difference of up to 650 K cause the polyurethane to be so heavily loaded that it is broken up into fibrids.
  • the fibrids accumulate at the bottom of the reaction space. They can be removed through an opening in the reaction chamber.
  • the resulting nitrogen gas is conveyed through a filter and a cyclone via a recovery circuit.
  • the nitrogen required by the nozzle system of the shear field enters the nozzle system from an insulated tank via a high-pressure pump in a liquid state and under high pressure.
  • the fibrids produced show clear variations in the density and length of the individual fibrids and are in their free surface below the products produced by emulsion or dissolving of the surfaces, these have more hidden surfaces.
  • the controllability of the fibril sizes has been significantly expanded via the method according to the invention, so that a very fine pulp can be achieved.
  • Desmocoll KA 8634 investigated is a polyurethane from Bayer AG.
  • Desmocoll KA 8634 is an extremely strongly crystallizing, elastic hydroxyl polyurethane with very low thermoplasticity.
  • the extremely easy-flowing PUR type from Bayer AG was broken up into fibrids in the shear field with cryogenic liquefied nitrogen.
  • Desmocoll The physical properties of Desmocoll are listed below: Trade name: Desmocoll Type: KA 8634 Manufacturer: Bayer AG Softening temperature: 45 - 70 o C Density: approx. 1.2 g / cm at 20 o C
  • Desmocoll was cut up under the test conditions given in the table.
  • thermoplastic polyurethane The fibrids made of thermoplastic polyurethane are characterized by high fineness, few melt particles and good adhesion.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)

Abstract

Polyurethane fibrids are claimed, obtd. by: (i) spraying a stream of polyurethane with low viscosity into a shear field formed by stream of fluid; (ii) breaking up with the fluid stream; and (iii) forming fibrids with a fibril length of 0.1-5 mm by cooling, crystallisation and orientation.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft Kunststoff-Fibride nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1.The invention relates to plastic fibrids according to the preamble of claim 1.

Kunststoff-Fibride sind nicht spinnfähige hoch oberflächenreiche Fasern mit unregelmäßiger Fasermorphologie. Sie setzen sich aus den kristallinen und auch amorphen Faserteilen zusammen und stellen sehr kleine Fasereinheiten dar. Die Einsatzmöglichkeiten dieser Fasern sind in den letzten Jahren stark gestiegen. Neben den herkömmlichen Einsatzgebieten, wie bei der Papierherstellung, können durch die immer mehr an Bedeutung gewinnende Wiederverwertbarkeit der Produkte weitere Absatzmärkte erschlossen werden.Plastic fibrids are non-spinnable, highly surface-rich fibers with irregular fiber morphology. They are made up of crystalline and amorphous fiber parts and represent very small fiber units. The possible uses of these fibers have increased significantly in recent years. In addition to the conventional areas of application, such as in paper production, the increasing importance of the recyclability of products enables further sales markets to be opened up.

Bisher bekannt sind Kunststoff-Fibride aus Polyäthylen (HDPE, LLDPE) und Polypropylen (PP). Hergestellt werden die Kunststoff-Fibride im Flash-Spinning-Verfahren. Dabei werden die Kunststoffe in einem Wasser-Lösungsmittelgemisch unter Druck und Temperatur emulgiert und die Emulsion in ein Vakuum ausgedüst. Dabei verdampft das Lösungsmittel, die Temperatur sinkt stark ab und der Kunststoff wird unter Kristallisation in Fibride verwandelt.Plastic fibrids made of polyethylene (HDPE, LLDPE) and polypropylene (PP) are known to date. The plastic fibrids are manufactured using the flash spinning process. The plastics are emulsified in a water-solvent mixture under pressure and temperature and the emulsion is sprayed into a vacuum. The solvent evaporates, the temperature drops sharply and the plastic is transformed into fibrids under crystallization.

Voraussetzung hierfür sind ein bestimmter minimaler Kristallisationsgrad sowie bestimmte minimale Kristallisationsgeschwindigkeiten des Kunststoffes. Für den Spinnprozeß eignen sich nur Kunststoffe welche wirtschaftlich und technisch in normal verfügbaren Lösungsmitteln, wie z.B. aliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen, lösbar sind. Als Ergebnis erhält man Produkte, die einer Nachbehandlung unterzogen werden müssen.This requires a certain minimum degree of crystallization and certain minimum crystallization rates of the plastic. Only plastics which are economically and technically suitable in normally available solvents, such as e.g. aliphatic hydrocarbons, are soluble. The result is products that have to be subjected to post-treatment.

Kunststoff-Fibride aus Polyacrylnitril (PAN) oder Polyaromaten werden aus vorgefertigten spleissfähigen Fasern erzeugt. Der Weg zur Herstellung der Fibride führt über Folien oder Spinnfasern. Die Folie wird extrudiert, geschnitten, versteckt und mechanisch fibrilliert. Unter Einwirkung von Wärme wird die Folie um ein vielfaches der Länge verstreckt. Die Orientierung der Moleküle muß bei einer Temperatur unterhalb des Kristallitschmelzpunktes vorgenommen werden. Es tritt eine wesentliche Zunahme der Reißfestigkeit und Abnahme der Reißdehnung in Reckrichtung ein. Spinnfasern werden speziell hoch verstreckt (high modul), um die Spleissneigung zu erhöhen.Plastic fibrids made of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) or polyaromatics are made from prefabricated splicable fibers. The way to produce the fibrids is via foils or staple fibers. The film is extruded, cut, hidden and mechanically fibrillated. The film is stretched many times its length under the influence of heat. The molecules must be oriented at a temperature below the crystallite melting point. There is a significant increase in tear strength and a decrease in elongation at break in the stretching direction. Spun fibers are specially stretched (high modulus) to increase the tendency to splice.

Der Einsatz der Fibride orientiert sich im wesentlichen an den Rohstoffeigenschaften der Ausgangskunststoffe.The use of the fibrids is essentially based on the raw material properties of the starting plastics.

In vielen Fällen ist verfahrensbedingt, eine bestimmte Hydrophilie Voraussetzung für die Einsatzmöglichkeiten. Um neue Anwendungsmöglichkeiten zu erschließen bzw. bestehende Anwendungen mit neuen produktwertsteigernden Eigenschaften zu versehen, wären Fibride von anderen Kunststoffen, insbesondere Polyurethan, wünschenswert. Versuche Fibride auf Polyurethanbasis nach den vorstehend beschriebenen Verfahren herzustellen, führten wegen der relativ niedrigen Erweichungstemperatur von 45-70 oC nicht zu einem Ergebnis, da dies sofort zum Verkleben gebildeter Fibride führte.In many cases, a certain hydrophilicity is a prerequisite for the possible uses. In order to open up new application possibilities or to provide existing applications with new properties that increase product value, fibrids from other plastics, in particular polyurethane, would be desirable. Attempts to produce polyurethane-based fibrids by the processes described above did not lead to a result because of the relatively low softening temperature of 45-70 ° C., since this immediately led to the formation of fibrids formed.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, neue Kunststoff-Fibride zu schaffen.The invention has for its object to create new plastic fibrids.

Ausgehend von dem im Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1 berücksichtigten Stand der Technik, ist diese Aufgabe gelöst mit den im kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruches 1 angegebenen Merkmalen.Starting from the prior art taken into account in the preamble of claim 1, this object is achieved with the features specified in the characterizing part of claim 1.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

Überraschenderweise wurde ein einfaches Verfahren gefunden, mit dem Fibride auf Polyurethanbasis, vorzugsweise aus einem Hydroxylpolyurethan, erstmals hergestellt werden können. Die Fibride zeichnen sich durch die gewünschte Fibrillenfeinheiten und Kürze von 0,1 bis 5 mm bei der Herstellung aus.Surprisingly, a simple process has been found with which polyurethane-based fibrids, preferably from a hydroxyl polyurethane, can be produced for the first time. The fibrids are characterized by the desired fibril fineness and shortness of 0.1 to 5 mm during manufacture.

Die erfindungsgemäßen Fibride sind dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie aus einem Polyurethan (PUR) bestehen, das als niedrigviskoser Strahl in ein durch Flüssigkeitsstrahlen gebildetes Scherfeld gespritzt, von den Flüssigkeitsstrahlen zerrissen und durch Abkühlen, Kristallisation und Orientierung zu Fibriden ausgebildet ist. Die auf Polyurethanbasis hergestellten Fibride weisen eine spezifische Oberfläche von 1 bis 10 m2/g auf und sind ohne Vorbehandlung und Zusätze im Wasser dispergier bar. Der Schopper-Riegler Wert liegt bei ca. 10o. Die Erweichungstemperatur liegt zwischen 45 - 70 oC bei guter Temperaturstabilität bis über 200 oC.The fibrids according to the invention are characterized in that they consist of a polyurethane (PUR) which is injected as a low-viscosity jet into a shear field formed by liquid jets, torn apart by the liquid jets and by cooling, crystallization and orientation to fibrids is formed. The polyurethane-based fibrids have a specific surface area of 1 to 10 m 2 / g and can be dispersed in water without pretreatment and additives. The Schopper-Riegler value is approx. 10 o . The softening temperature is between 45 - 70 o C with good temperature stability up to over 200 o C.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Erzeugen von Fibriden auf der Basis thermoplastischen Polyurethans geht von dem Gedanken aus, daß Polyurethan bei Temperaturen unterhalb seiner Zersetzungstemperaturen zwischen 50 oC und 350 oC, insbesondere 200 oC und 300 oC, zu einer viskosen Masse zu erwärmen und zu zerreißen. Der Polyurethanstrahl weist nach seiner Erwärmung eine Viskosität unter 200 Pscal·Sekunde, vorzugsweise unter 100 (Pa·s), auf. Das niedrigviskose Polyurethan wird unter einem Druck zwischen 100 und 1000 bar mit hoher Geschwindigkeit im Strahl frei in ein energiereiches Scherfeld gespritzt. Das Scherfeld bildet flüssige oder gasförmige Verdüsungsstrahlen die auf ein Zentrum ausgerichtet sind und mit hoher kinetischer Energie bei Drücken zwischen 100 und 1000 bar auf den Polyurethanstrahl treffen. Vorzugsweise bestehen die Verdüsungsstrahlen aus tiefkalt verflüssigten Gasen, wie die Inertgase Stickstoff und Argon. Auch Wasser kann bei Drücken oberhalb 100 bar eingesetzt werden. Das in dem Scherfeld mit Flüssigstickstoffstrahlen zerrissene Polyurethan bildet bei Abkühlung, Kristallisation und Orientierung Fibride.The inventive method for producing fibrids based on thermoplastic polyurethane is based on the idea that at temperatures below its decomposition temperatures between 50 o C and 350 o C, in particular 200 o C and 300 o C, to heat and to a viscous mass to tear up. After heating, the polyurethane jet has a viscosity of less than 200 pscal.seconds, preferably less than 100 (Pa.s). The low-viscosity polyurethane is freely sprayed into a high-energy shear field at a pressure between 100 and 1000 bar at high speed. The shear field forms liquid or gaseous atomizing jets that are aligned with a center and hit the polyurethane jet with high kinetic energy at pressures between 100 and 1000 bar. The atomizing jets preferably consist of cryogenic liquefied gases, such as the inert gases nitrogen and argon. Water can also be used at pressures above 100 bar. The polyurethane torn in the shear field with liquid nitrogen jets forms fibrids on cooling, crystallization and orientation.

Das in einem Extruder aufgeschmolzene Polyurethan wird durch eine Düse, welche die Polyurethanstrahlgeometrie bestimmt, mit einer Temperatur von 50 oC bis 350 oC frei in die Verdüsungskammer ausgespritzt. Der Spritzdruck beträgt mindestens 100 bar und wird bezgl. seines Maximaldruckes, von beispielsweise 1000 bar, nur durch technische und wirtschaftliche Grenzen beschränkt. In der Verdüsungs-Kammer erreicht der Polyurethanstrahl sofort das Zentrum des, durch ein Düsensystem erzeugten, Scherfeldes. Das Düsensystem besteht aus Flachstrahl- oder Vollstrahldüsen, die unter einem Winkel von 30 bis 150o zum Polyurethanstrahl angeordnet sind. Hier wird der Polyurethanstrahl durch die Energie des Scherfeldes zerrissen und gleichzeitig extrem abgekühlt. Die kinetische Energie des Verdüsungsmediums, vorzugsweise eines verflüssigten Inertgases, insbesondere Stickstoffes und der große Temperaturunterschied von bis zu 650 K bewirken eine derart starke Belastung des Polyurethans, daß es zu Fibriden zerrissen wird. Die anfallenden Fibride sammeln sich am Boden des Reaktionsraumes an. Sie können durch eine Öffnung des Reaktionsraumes entnommen werden. Das entstehende Stickstoffgas wird durch einen Filter und einen Zyklon über einen Rückgewinnungskreislauf befördert. Der vom Düsensystem des Scherfeldes benötigte Stickstoff gelangt von einem isolierten Tank über eine Hochdruckpumpe im flüssigen Zustand und unter hohem Druck ins Düsensystem.The polyurethane melted in an extruder is freely sprayed into the atomization chamber at a temperature of 50 ° C. to 350 ° C. through a nozzle which determines the polyurethane jet geometry. The spray pressure is at least 100 bar and is only limited by technical and economic limits with regard to its maximum pressure, for example 1000 bar. In the atomization chamber, the polyurethane jet immediately reaches the center of the shear field generated by a nozzle system. The nozzle system consists of flat jet or full jet nozzles, which are arranged at an angle of 30 to 150 ° to the polyurethane jet. Here the polyurethane jet is torn apart by the energy of the shear field and at the same time extremely cooled. The kinetic energy of the atomizing medium, preferably a liquefied inert gas, in particular nitrogen, and the large temperature difference of up to 650 K cause the polyurethane to be so heavily loaded that it is broken up into fibrids. The fibrids accumulate at the bottom of the reaction space. They can be removed through an opening in the reaction chamber. The resulting nitrogen gas is conveyed through a filter and a cyclone via a recovery circuit. The nitrogen required by the nozzle system of the shear field enters the nozzle system from an insulated tank via a high-pressure pump in a liquid state and under high pressure.

Die hergestellten Fibride zeigen deutliche Variationen in Dichte und Länge der Einzelfibride und liegen in ihrer freien Oberfläche unter den über Emulsion oder Anlösen der Oberflächen hergestellten Produkten, diese besitzen mehr verdeckte Oberflächen. Die Steuerbarkeit der Fibrillengrößen ist über das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren deutlich ausgeweitet, so daß ein sehr feiner Pulp erreicht werden kann.The fibrids produced show clear variations in the density and length of the individual fibrids and are in their free surface below the products produced by emulsion or dissolving of the surfaces, these have more hidden surfaces. The controllability of the fibril sizes has been significantly expanded via the method according to the invention, so that a very fine pulp can be achieved.

Beispielexample

Bei dem untersuchten Produkt Desmocoll KA 8634 handelt es sich um ein Polyurethan der Bayer AG. Desmocoll KA 8634 ist ein äußerst stark kristallisierendes, elastisches Hydroxylpolyurethan mit sehr geringer Thermoplastizität.The product Desmocoll KA 8634 investigated is a polyurethane from Bayer AG. Desmocoll KA 8634 is an extremely strongly crystallizing, elastic hydroxyl polyurethane with very low thermoplasticity.

Der extrem leichtfließende PUR-Typ der Firma Bayer AG wurde im Scherfeld mit tiefkalt verflüssigtem Stickstoff in Fibride zerteilt.The extremely easy-flowing PUR type from Bayer AG was broken up into fibrids in the shear field with cryogenic liquefied nitrogen.

Die physikalischen Eigenschaften von Desmocoll sind nachstehend aufgeführt: Handelsname: Desmocoll Typ: KA 8634 Hersteller: Bayer AG Erweichungstemperatur: 45 - 70 oC Dichte: ca. 1,2 g/cm bei 20 oC The physical properties of Desmocoll are listed below: Trade name: Desmocoll Type: KA 8634 Manufacturer: Bayer AG Softening temperature: 45 - 70 o C Density: approx. 1.2 g / cm at 20 o C

Desmocoll wurde unter den in der Tabelle angegebenen Versuchsbedingungen zerteilt.Desmocoll was cut up under the test conditions given in the table.

Parameter:Parameter:

ProbewerkstoffTrial material Desmocoll KA 8634Desmocoll KA 8634 Temperaturtemperature Düsejet 300 oC300 o C. Zone 1Zone 1 310 oC310 o C Zone 2Zone 2 280 oC280 o C. Zone 3Zone 3 160 oC160 o C. StickstoffdüseNitrogen nozzle Flachstrahl 1,02 mm; 15o Flat jet 1.02 mm; 15 o KunststoffdüsePlastic nozzle Vollstrahl 0,47 mmFull jet 0.47 mm StickstoffdruckNitrogen pressure 250 bar, flüssig250 bar, liquid KunststoffdruckPlastic printing 210 bar210 bar SpritzdauerSpraying time 5 - 6 sec.5 - 6 sec.

Aus der Siebstrahlanalyse ergaben sich folgende Siebdurchgänge: Maschenweite in µm Desmocoll 800 93,6 % 630 73,0 % 400 53,6 % 250 24,4 % The following sieve passes resulted from the sieve beam analysis: Mesh size in µm Desmocoll 800 93.6% 630 73.0% 400 53.6% 250 24.4%

Die Fibride aus thermoplastischem Polyurethan zeichnen sich durch hohe Feinheit, wenig Schmelzepartikeln und gute Zusammenhaftung aus.The fibrids made of thermoplastic polyurethane are characterized by high fineness, few melt particles and good adhesion.

Claims (6)

Kunststoff-Fibride,
daduch gekennzeichnet,
daß sie aus einem Polyurethan bestehen, das als niedrigviskoser Strahl in ein durch Flüssigkeitsstrahlen gebildetes Scherfeld gespritzt, von den Flüssigkeitsstrahlen zerrissen und durch Abkühlung, Kristallisation und Orientierung zu Fibriden ausgebildet wird, die eine Fibrillenlänge von 0,1 bis 5 mm aufweisen.Plastic fibrids,
characterized by
that they consist of a polyurethane, which is injected as a low-viscosity jet into a shear field formed by liquid jets, torn by the liquid jets and formed by cooling, crystallization and orientation to form fibrids which have a fibril length of 0.1 to 5 mm. Kunststoff-Fibride nach Anspruch 1
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Polyurethan eine Viskosität unter 200 (Pa·s), vorzugsweise unter 100 (Pa·s), aufweist.Plastic fibrids according to claim 1
characterized,
that the polyurethane has a viscosity below 200 (Pa · s), preferably below 100 (Pa · s). Kunststoff-Fibride nach Anspruch 1 oder 2
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Fibride aus einem weitestgehend unvernetztem Hydroxylpolyurethan bestehen.Plastic fibrids according to claim 1 or 2
characterized,
that the fibrids consist of a largely uncrosslinked hydroxyl polyurethane. Kunststoff-Fibride nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Fibride mit einer Temperatur unterhalb ihrer Zersetzungstemperatur zwischen 50oC und 350oC und einem Druck zwischen 100 und 1000 bar in das aus Flüssigkeitsstrahlen gebildete Scherfeld gespritzt und mit FLüssigkeitsstrahlen zerrissen werden.Plastic fibrids according to one of claims 1 to 3
characterized,
that the fibrids with a temperature below their decomposition temperature between 50 o C and 350 o C and a pressure between 100 and 1000 bar are injected into the shear field formed by liquid jets and are torn with liquid jets. Kunststoff-Fibride nach Anspruch 1 oder 4
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Flüssigkeitsstrahlen aus einem der tiefkalten verflüssigten Gase Stickstoff oder Argon gebildet werden.Plastic fibrids according to claim 1 or 4
characterized,
that the liquid jets from one of the cryogenic liquefied gases nitrogen or argon are formed. Kunststoff-Fibride nach Anspruch 1, 4 oder 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Flüssigkeitsstrahlen mit einem Druck zwischen 10 und 600 bar auf den Polyurethanstrahl gespritzt werden.Plastic fibrids according to claim 1, 4 or 5,
characterized,
that the liquid jets are sprayed onto the polyurethane jet at a pressure between 10 and 600 bar.
EP96108678A 1995-07-04 1996-05-30 Plastic fibrids Withdrawn EP0753607A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1995124356 DE19524356C1 (en) 1995-07-04 1995-07-04 Polyurethane fibrids
DE19524356 1995-07-04

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EP0753607A2 true EP0753607A2 (en) 1997-01-15
EP0753607A3 EP0753607A3 (en) 1997-08-20

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DE19959532C1 (en) * 1999-12-10 2001-10-04 Seitz Schenk Filtersystems Gmb Method and device for the production of filtration-active fibers

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DE1934541A1 (en) * 1969-07-08 1971-01-14 Basf Ag Method and device for the production of staple fibers from thermoplastics
EP0628650A1 (en) * 1993-06-07 1994-12-14 Bayer Ag Process for manufacturing supportless and release agent free thermally activated nonwovens and their use for bonding different substrates

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