EP0752167A4 - Verfahren und einrichtung für integrierbare spannungsregelungsschaltungsanordnung - Google Patents

Verfahren und einrichtung für integrierbare spannungsregelungsschaltungsanordnung

Info

Publication number
EP0752167A4
EP0752167A4 EP95914116A EP95914116A EP0752167A4 EP 0752167 A4 EP0752167 A4 EP 0752167A4 EP 95914116 A EP95914116 A EP 95914116A EP 95914116 A EP95914116 A EP 95914116A EP 0752167 A4 EP0752167 A4 EP 0752167A4
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
integrated circuit
voltage
voltage regulator
power
coupled
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP95914116A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0752167A1 (de
Inventor
Amar A Ghori
Louis Wilton Agatstein Jr
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Intel Corp
Original Assignee
Intel Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Intel Corp filed Critical Intel Corp
Publication of EP0752167A1 publication Critical patent/EP0752167A1/de
Publication of EP0752167A4 publication Critical patent/EP0752167A4/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K1/00Printed circuits
    • H05K1/02Details
    • H05K1/0213Electrical arrangements not otherwise provided for
    • H05K1/0254High voltage adaptations; Electrical insulation details; Overvoltage or electrostatic discharge protection ; Arrangements for regulating voltages or for using plural voltages
    • H05K1/0262Arrangements for regulating voltages or for using plural voltages
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05FSYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/10Regulating voltage or current
    • G05F1/46Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc
    • G05F1/56Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/26Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F13/00Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
    • G06F13/38Information transfer, e.g. on bus
    • G06F13/40Bus structure
    • G06F13/4063Device-to-bus coupling
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K1/00Printed circuits
    • H05K1/18Printed circuits structurally associated with non-printed electric components
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/10Details of components or other objects attached to or integrated in a printed circuit board
    • H05K2201/10007Types of components
    • H05K2201/10015Non-printed capacitor
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/10Details of components or other objects attached to or integrated in a printed circuit board
    • H05K2201/10007Types of components
    • H05K2201/10196Variable component, e.g. variable resistor
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/10Details of components or other objects attached to or integrated in a printed circuit board
    • H05K2201/10613Details of electrical connections of non-printed components, e.g. special leads
    • H05K2201/10621Components characterised by their electrical contacts
    • H05K2201/10689Leaded Integrated Circuit [IC] package, e.g. dual-in-line [DIL]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to the field of integrated circuits and more specifically to the regulation of the voltage from a power supply to integrated circuits in a computer system.
  • the integrated circuits perform various electronic functions in many of these devices.
  • the integrated circuits have the advantage of size, low power requirements, reliability, and performance over other electronic components.
  • Many integrated circuits are designed with specific power requirements such that, once designed, the integrated circuits only function with the original electronic device they were designed for, or with a similar device with the same power supply mechanism.
  • the integrated circuits are plugged (inserted) on printed circuit boards (also known as system boards) that provide the power necessary for an integrated circuit to function.
  • system boards also known as system boards
  • Figure 1 illustrates an example of a prior art computer system with a system board 100 and a system power supply 130.
  • Integrated circuit 110 is coupled to power sockets on the system board 100.
  • Voltage planes 120 traverse the system board 100 to transfer power from the system power supply 130 to integrated circuit sockets 115 coupled to the system board 100.
  • the integrated circuit sockets 115 allow specific voltages to be supplied to each integrated circuit 110.
  • many of the integrated circuits have 5 volts supplied to their power supply pins.
  • Some integrated circuits 110 may also have 12 volts supplied to their power supply pins for specific purposes (e.g., serial port communications, etc.).
  • the power supplied to each integrated circuit 110 is fixed to a predefined voltage, and therefore, there is not a production worthy manner, nor easy way to change the voltage supply routing on the system board 100, to cater to integrated circuits 110 with differing power requirements without modifying the entire system board 100.
  • the entire system board may have to be redesigned or re-manufactured to allow different components predefined to operate at a voltage different from that supplied on the system board to operate together on the same system board.
  • the PC is easily upgraded in performance by replacing the original processor, which may be operating at 5 volts, with a higher performance processor operating, for instance, at 3 volts.
  • the user of the computer system can typically change the processor without any problems, he is not in any position to modify the other components of the system to run at 3 volts nor change the 5 volts power supply to 3 volts.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a prior art solution to allow integrated circuits with different voltage requirements to operate on the same system board.
  • the integrated circuit 110 is coupled to the system board 100.
  • Power supply 130 is also coupled to the system board 100 via the power supply cables 135 to supply power to the system board 100 via the voltage planes 120.
  • a voltage regulator 200 is coupled to the system board 100 to regulate voltage from the system power supply 130 to some other specified voltage in a localized area on the system board 100. That is, the voltage regulator 200 only regulates the voltage of sockets on the system board 100 directly connected to it.
  • Capacitor 210 is also coupled to the system board 100 and the voltage regulator 200 to temporarily store power and make it available to the integrated circuit 105.
  • the voltage regulator 200 generates an output voltage to the integrated circuit 105 that is independent of an input voltage from the system board 100 via the power supply 130 when the input voltage falls within a specified range defined by the system designer.
  • the integrated circuits 110 use voltage on the system board 100 and integrated circuit 105 uses voltage from the voltage regulator 200.
  • the voltage regulator 200 may receive an input voltage, such as 5 volts or 12 volts, from the system board 100 and generate an output voltage, such as 3 volts, to an integrated circuit requiring 3 volts.
  • the regulation of voltage to specific sockets on the system board allows prior art systems to use integrated circuit components of differing voltages on the system board 100.
  • the present invention provides a method and apparatus for regulating voltage requirements to individual integrated circuits on the same system board without requiring additional space or redesign of the system board.
  • the present invention also provides a method and apparatus for precisely regulating and controlling voltage to meet the specific voltage requirements for each integrated circuit in a computer system.
  • the present invention integrates a voltage regulator and an integrated circuit in the same package to provide an on-package regulation of voltage for the integrated circuit
  • the integrated circuit package allows the flexibility of replacing ' integrated circuits anywhere on the system board with another having a different voltage requirement.
  • the on-package regulation also allows the use of less expensive power supplies and requires less stringent power routing requirements in the system board.
  • the present invention includes an integrated circuit a voltage regulator and capacitors coupled together into an integrated circuit package.
  • the integrated circuit package also includes power planes which are coupled to the components, i.eembroidered the voltage regulator and the integrated circuit, in the integrated circuit package to supply power to the components.
  • the present invention also includes a power supply which supplies a predetermined voltage power to the integrated circuit
  • the present invention provides a method of on-package voltage regulation that allows the integrated circuit package to operate at voltages which a system board in a computer system may not provide.
  • the on-package voltage regulation also allows the present invention to precisely regulate voltage for each of the integrated circuits in a computer system.
  • the precise regulation and cor.crol of voltage to individual integrated circuits of the present invention is achieved by packaging eacr integrated circuit with a regulator and capacitors, such that the regulator is tuned to meet the voltage requirements of the integrated circuit.
  • the voltage regulator of the present invention is designed for tighter tolerance on the output voltage of the voltage regulator, i.e., the voltage variance is a +/- 1% of the voltage requirements of the integrated circuit. For example, an integrated circuit with a voltage requirement of 5 volts will be integrated with a regulator with an output voltage range of 4.95 - 5.05 volts.
  • the voltage regulator of the present invention is also designed for tight voltage to provide voltage stability to the integrated circuit Packaging the integrated circuit with a voltage regulator of the present invention also enables the computer system designer to place the integrated circuits anywhere on a system board.
  • Figure 1 is a block diagram illustrating a prior art system with a system board providing a predefined voltage to the integrated circuits coupled
  • Figure 2 is a block diagram illustrating a prior art system with on-board voltage regulators.
  • Figure 3 is a block diagram of an overview of one embodiment of the computer system of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a block diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a block diagram of an implementation of the present invention.
  • the present invention addresses some of the obstacles of using high performance integrated circuits with existing methods of regulating voltage to the circuits.
  • the present invention unlike the prior art, integrates the high performance circuits with regulators in the same package keeping in mind the limited integrated circuit surface area and providing adequate capacitance while keeping the temperature of the package down. Addressing these obstacles enables the present invention to provide voltage regulation solutions to integrated circuits that are not as bulky and as expensive as in the prior art.
  • the packaging method of the present invention also enables the system designer to strategically place the integrated circuit package anywhere on the system board, e.g., away from the system power supply, etc. Such flexibility of placing the integrated circuit package helps in distributing heat generated by the integrated circuit package around the system, thereby solving the heat dissipation problem of the prior art.
  • Figure 3 is a block diagram of one embodiment of a computer system by the present invention.
  • the computer system of the present invention generally comprises a bus 300 for communicating information, a processor 301 coupled to the bus 300 for processing instructions, a main memory
  • the system board 303 coupled to the bus 300 for storing instructions and data for the processor 301, the integrated circuits of the present invention, such as processor 301, the main memory 302, etc., which are coupled to a system board 303.
  • the system board 303 is coupled to the bus 300 for storing instructions and data for the processor 301, the integrated circuits of the present invention, such as processor 301, the main memory 302, etc., which are coupled to a system board 303.
  • the computer system also includes a display device 310, such as a cathode ray tube, liquid crystal display, etc., coupled to the bus 300 for displaying information to the computer user, an alphanumeric input device 312 including alphanumeric and other keys is coupled to the bus 300 for communicating information and command selections to the processor 301 and a cursor control device 315 is coupled to the bus 300 for cursor movements.
  • the system also includes a printer (not shown) for providing a visual representation to the user.
  • a keyboard and cursor control device for inputting information to the system may not be required. In other implementations, it may not be required to provide a display device.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an integrated circuit package 400 of the present invention.
  • the integrated circuit package 400 comprises an integrated circuit 401, a voltage regulator 402 which is coupled to the integrated circuit 401, capacitors 403 which are also coupled to the integrated circuit 401 and the voltage regulator 402, and ground pins 404 (Vss pins) coupled to the integrated circuit 401 and to the voltage regulator 402.
  • ground pins 404, the integrated circuit 401 and voltage regulator 402 is well known in the art and has been omitted to avoid obscuring the present invention.
  • the integrated circuit 401 of the integrated circuit package 400 performs specific functions such as the processing of information, the storage of instructions and information, etc., in a computer system of the present invention.
  • the voltage regulator 402 regulates and controls the voltage to the integrated circuit 401.
  • the functions of the voltage regulator 402 are well known in the art, the voltage regulator 402 of the present invention unlike the prior art is designed for tighter tolerance voltage, i.e., +/- 1% on the output voltage of the voltage regulator and shorter loop response times.
  • tight voltage tolerance is not required in many prior art regulators, the slow loop response times in many prior art regulators which can be in the order of microseconds can lead to wide variations in output voltages from the regulators such that voltage variations need to be controlled.
  • the voltage regulator of the present invention with a tight tolerance voltage on its output voltage, coupled with the capacitors of the present invention, has low output voltage variations and loop response times of under a microsecond.
  • the tight tolerance voltage on the output voltage of the voltage regulator 402 allows a low voltage deviation to the integrated circuit 401 from the voltage supplied by the system board, thereby increasing the performance of the integrated circuit 401.
  • the capacitors 403 are miniaturized to fit in or on the integrated circuit package 400.
  • the capacitors 403 are coupled to the integrated circuit 401 and the voltage regulator 402 to temporarily store charge and make it available to the voltage regulator 402. Because the voltage regulator 402 cannot always respond instantaneously to changes in the voltage requirements of the integrated circuit 401, the capacitors 403 store the supply voltage (voltage to the integrated circuit) which if unassisted will droop or rise at varying levels that might adversely affect the performance of the integrated circuit 401.
  • a first set of capacitors of very low inductance and low capacitance ⁇ e.g., 30nF) is built inside the integrated circuit package 400.
  • the first set of capacitors responds to the instantaneous charge requirements (in the order of 10 nanoseconds) to the voltage regulator 402.
  • This set of capacitors is placed close to the integrated circuit 401 creating a low impedance path which allows the instantaneous charge requirements from the integrated circuit 401 to be supplied.
  • the storing of charge by the capacitors helps maintain stable output voltage variations from the voltage regulator 402 and reduce any voltage excursions that might occur.
  • the second set of capacitors of higher capacitance and slightly higher inductance (e.g., IOUF) is built on top of the integrated circuit package 400.
  • the second set of capacitors responds to the low order of power requirements (e.g., from 10 ns - 1 us) to the integrated circuit 401.
  • the ground pins 404 are also coupled to the integrated circuit 401 to provide grounding and to enable the integrated circuit 401 to be is coupled to the system board 100.
  • power supply and ground pins provide noise reduction and provide voltage stability to an integrated circuit when the power requirements of the integrated circuit suddenly change. The faster the clock rate of the integrated circuit, the larger the noise and therefore the need for more power supply and ground pins.
  • the power supply source is not connected directly to the integrated circuit 401 but to the voltage regulator 402, the power supply pins (not shown) do not participate in any noise reduction in the integrated circuit package 400.
  • the number of ground pins 404 used may be increased to provide the necessary noise immunity. Therefore, the actual number of ground pins used or required may vary.
  • the on-package voltage regulator 402 and capacitors 403 also provide local power supply voltage stability to the integrated circuit package 400.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the integrated circuit package 400 of the present invention.
  • the present invention uses multiple voltage planes defined to contain different voltages.
  • An input voltage plane 500 contains the input voltage from the system power supply 130 and an output voltage plane from the voltage regulator 402 contains a regulated output voltage.
  • the input voltage plane 500 is coupled to the input of the voltage regulator 401 to supply unregulated power or regulate different voltage from the system power supply 130 to the integrated circuit package 400.
  • the voltage regulator 402 after receiving an input voltage powers up a set of iso- voltic output voltage plane 501 to the integrated circuit 401.
  • the output voltage plane 501 is coupled the output of the voltage regulator 402 and to the integrated circuit 401 to supply regulated output voltage to the integrated circuit 401.
  • the voltage regulator 402 receives the 5 volts input voltage, translates it into 3 volts for instance, and sends the 3 volts to the integrated circuit via the iso-voltic plane.
  • the translation is based on the voltage requirements of the integrated circuit 401 and the definition of the iso-voltic planes in the integrated circuit package 400.
  • the capacitors 403 are coupled to the voltage plane 501 to store charge to the integrated circuit 401.
  • two set of capacitors are used to store charge and assist in maintaining stability in the supply voltage as mentioned in Figure 4 above.
  • the present invention also uses ceramic capacitors on the order of under 10 micro farads which have better temperature characteristics that allow the capacitor to operate over a wide range of voltages.
  • the capacitors 403 and the voltage regulator 401 are both coupled to the ground pin 404 on the integrated circuit package 400 via ground line 502 which provide grounding to the integrated circuit package 400.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates one embodiment of a system board level implementation of the present invention.
  • system board 100 is shown having a plurality of voltage planes traversing the system board 100.
  • Voltage planes 120 are coupled to the power supply pins of the integrated circuit package 400 to supply power to the individual integrated circuits on the system board 100.
  • the integrated circuit package 400 is coupled to existing integrated circuit sockets 115 on the system board 100.
  • Power supply 130 is also shown coupled to the system board 100 via power supply cables to a supply predetermined voltage of power, e.g. 5 volts, to the system board 100.
  • the integrated circuit package 400 may operate at voltage ranges different than that supplied by the system board 100, the integrated circuit package 400 is still able to use the existing integrated circuit sockets 115 on the system board 100. This is accomplished by the voltage regulator 402 in the integrated circuit package 400 translating the voltage supplied on the system board 100 into a voltage adequate for the integrated circuit 401. In this manner, the integrated circuit package 400 unlike the prior art can be coupled to power sockets anywhere on the system board.
  • the flexibility of placing the integrated circuit package 400 anywhere on the system board 100 helps in distributing heat generated by the integrated circuit package 400 around the computer system. This helps alleviate any heat dissipation problem in the computer system.
EP95914116A 1994-03-21 1995-03-17 Verfahren und einrichtung für integrierbare spannungsregelungsschaltungsanordnung Withdrawn EP0752167A4 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US21529394A 1994-03-21 1994-03-21
US215293 1994-03-21
PCT/US1995/003437 WO1995026064A1 (en) 1994-03-21 1995-03-17 Method and apparatus for integrated circuit voltage regulation

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0752167A1 EP0752167A1 (de) 1997-01-08
EP0752167A4 true EP0752167A4 (de) 1998-09-02

Family

ID=22802407

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95914116A Withdrawn EP0752167A4 (de) 1994-03-21 1995-03-17 Verfahren und einrichtung für integrierbare spannungsregelungsschaltungsanordnung

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0752167A4 (de)
AU (1) AU685615B2 (de)
WO (1) WO1995026064A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6239982B1 (en) 1999-06-23 2001-05-29 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Electronic device having a single-sided circuit board
EP1250639A2 (de) * 2000-01-27 2002-10-23 Primarion, Inc. Verfahren und vorrichtung zur leistungsverteilung an einer integrierten schaltung

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0267360A2 (de) * 1986-11-12 1988-05-18 International Business Machines Corporation Integrierte Schaltungspackung hoher Leistung
US5027089A (en) * 1988-06-10 1991-06-25 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. High frequency noise bypassing
EP0446039A2 (de) * 1990-03-06 1991-09-11 Xerox Corporation Vielfachsegmentbus und Betriebsverfahren
US5168347A (en) * 1991-03-26 1992-12-01 International Business Machines Corporation Integrated circuit chip package having signal input/output connections located at edges of the substrate
EP0578108A1 (de) * 1992-06-30 1994-01-12 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Halbleiter-Leistungsmodul
JPH06265599A (ja) * 1993-03-15 1994-09-22 Toshiba Corp マルチチップモジュール
EP0641046A1 (de) * 1993-08-31 1995-03-01 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. Gerät zur Veränderung eines elektrischen Signals

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3125715A (en) * 1964-03-17 Regulated power supply circuits
US4752699A (en) * 1986-12-19 1988-06-21 International Business Machines Corp. On chip multiple voltage generation using a charge pump and plural feedback sense circuits
US5063304A (en) * 1990-04-27 1991-11-05 Texas Instruments Incorporated Integrated circuit with improved on-chip power supply control
US5119013A (en) * 1991-04-17 1992-06-02 Square D Company Switching regulator with multiple isolated outputs

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0267360A2 (de) * 1986-11-12 1988-05-18 International Business Machines Corporation Integrierte Schaltungspackung hoher Leistung
US5027089A (en) * 1988-06-10 1991-06-25 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. High frequency noise bypassing
EP0446039A2 (de) * 1990-03-06 1991-09-11 Xerox Corporation Vielfachsegmentbus und Betriebsverfahren
US5168347A (en) * 1991-03-26 1992-12-01 International Business Machines Corporation Integrated circuit chip package having signal input/output connections located at edges of the substrate
EP0578108A1 (de) * 1992-06-30 1994-01-12 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Halbleiter-Leistungsmodul
JPH06265599A (ja) * 1993-03-15 1994-09-22 Toshiba Corp マルチチップモジュール
US5631502A (en) * 1993-03-15 1997-05-20 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Multi-chip module
EP0641046A1 (de) * 1993-08-31 1995-03-01 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. Gerät zur Veränderung eines elektrischen Signals

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 018, no. 670 (P - 1845) 16 December 1994 (1994-12-16) *
See also references of WO9526064A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1995026064A1 (en) 1995-09-28
AU2124195A (en) 1995-10-09
AU685615B2 (en) 1998-01-22
EP0752167A1 (de) 1997-01-08

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