EP0752060B1 - Injection valve - Google Patents

Injection valve Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0752060B1
EP0752060B1 EP95913859A EP95913859A EP0752060B1 EP 0752060 B1 EP0752060 B1 EP 0752060B1 EP 95913859 A EP95913859 A EP 95913859A EP 95913859 A EP95913859 A EP 95913859A EP 0752060 B1 EP0752060 B1 EP 0752060B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
injection
chamber
nozzle needle
pressure
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Revoked
Application number
EP95913859A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0752060A1 (en
Inventor
Wendelin KLÜGL
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an injection valve according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a valve is described, for example, by EP-A 0 531 533 known.
  • This publication deals with a diesel injector with a high pressure system (common rail system), where the fuel is stored in a high pressure accumulator a high pressure pump is supplied. This under high pressure Standing fuel is then controlled the individual cylinders of a diesel engine via injectors fed. The injectors are each controlled by a solenoid valve to also individual Allow injection times.
  • DE-OS 41 18 236 shows a way in which two solenoids are used, the fuel supply holes are connected to a high pressure system.
  • the two solenoids depending on the current applied Bore and valve system for one pre-injection and one Main injection, the injection process between pre and main injection without interrupting the injection process can go on.
  • an injection valve is known, the one Injection needle, which is controlled via a pressure chamber becomes.
  • the fuel needle in the pressure chamber becomes the injection needle pressed against a sealing seat.
  • the discharge of the Pressure chamber takes place via a movably mounted throttle disc.
  • the object of the invention is a fast switching To provide an injection valve that is simple.
  • flow resistances or throttles can be formed, that affect the opening and / or closing of the injection needle. If, for example, the immediately before the return connection located channel designed as a throttle bore , the lifting of the nozzle needle can be slowed down, which desirable for a softer injection at the start of injection can be. By arranging a flow resistance in the area between the back space and the valve chamber can also what is delayed the closing of the injection needle but is only desirable in less frequent cases.
  • the fuel injection device shown in Figure 1 exists from an elongated housing 1, on the lower End of a union nut 2 is screwed on.
  • This Union nut 2 is a from the lower end of the housing 1 Intermediate plate 3 and an injector housing 29 in which an injection nozzle needle 6 is held.
  • Both the Show intermediate washer 3 and the injector housing 29 a central bore 5 in which the nozzle needle 6 axially is slidably arranged. At one end lies in the drawn Condition the nozzle needle 6 on an annular nozzle seat 7 so that the nozzle needle 6, the nozzle holes 8.9 closes.
  • the nozzle needle 6 with one Pressure bolt 10 provided in a in the housing 1 as a spring chamber 11 trained rear space is arranged and one arranged in the spring chamber 11 arranged nozzle spring 12 is so that the nozzle needle 6 rests on the nozzle seat 7 and closes this.
  • the other end of the nozzle spring 12 is located at the end of the spring chamber opposite the pressure bolt 10 11 on.
  • the housing 1 has a cylindrical shape in the upper area Valve chamber 13 in which an axially displaceable Control valve designed as a valve slide 14 is arranged.
  • the valve spool 14 has at least one in bore 15 extending in the axial direction. Between the Valve chamber 13 and the spring chamber 11 is a the valve chamber 13 closing part 16 arranged, the one has passage bore 17 extending in the axial direction, which connects the valve chamber 13 to the spring chamber 11.
  • the valve spool 14 is connected via a tappet 18 Magnetic armature 19 arranged in a chamber 20 of the housing 1 connected, which is acted upon by a compression spring 21 which is mounted in a recess 23 of the coil housing 22.
  • in the Coil housing 22 is also arranged a coil 24, the is connected to the coil connections 25,26 to the outside.
  • connection CR at the top left in FIG provided with a high pressure accumulator (not shown) is connected for the fuel to be supplied.
  • a connection CR is a first provided inside the housing 1 Feed hole 27 out in at its other end a pressure chamber 28 formed in the injector housing 29 flows.
  • This pressure chamber 28 is axially extending Gap 30 in connection with the nozzle seat 7.
  • the gap 30 is formed in that the lower Part of the nozzle needle 6 is offset, i.e. that the lower one Part of the nozzle needle 6 has a smaller diameter than that has upper part of the nozzle needle 6, in the injector housing 29 is performed.
  • An annular shoulder 35 is set off by it Nozzle needle 6 formed.
  • connection CR is still with a second feed hole 31 in connection, which opens into the valve chamber 13.
  • a return connection RL can be seen in the top right of the housing 1, of both with the valve chamber 13 via a return bore 32 and with the chamber 20 for the magnet armature 19th is connected via a relief bore 33.
  • the valve spool 14 has a length such that it either the second feed hole 31 or the return hole 32 can close.
  • the device works as follows:
  • the device shown in FIG. 1 shows the idle state, i.e. there is no injection because the nozzle needle 6 abuts the nozzle seat 7 and thus closes it.
  • On the High pressure connection CR is under a high fuel Pressure in the first supply bore 27, in which adjoining pressure chamber 28 and in intermediate space 30.
  • the valve slide 14 the upper part of the valve chamber 13 via the second supply bore 31 with fuel under high pressure provided. Via the bores 15 in the valve slide 14 and the passage bore 17 in the closure part 16 passes Fuel under the high pressure in the spring chamber 11. Die Return bore RL is closed by valve slide 14.
  • a high pressure is once on the upper side the nozzle needle 6, due to the effective pressure areas (The effective area of the top of the nozzle is larger than the effective area of the nozzle needle 6 in the pressure chamber 28) the nozzle needle 6 is pressed onto the nozzle seat 7.
  • the one in the spring chamber 11 provided nozzle spring 12 serves that the Closing force on the nozzle needle 6 is supported, so that in this state, the nozzle needle 6 rests on its nozzle seat 7. If the magnet is not attracted (not energized) the nozzle needle 6 is always pressed onto its nozzle seat 7.
  • the chamber 20 is together with the return bore 32 and the Relief bore 33 connected to the return port RL, so that together they form a low pressure system. That through the armature 19, the coil 24 and the housing 22 are formed Solenoid 34 is not energized in the position shown.
  • the solenoid 34 is now energized, the magnet armature 19 attracted by the coil 24 and moved to an upper position. Via the plunger 18 connected to the magnet armature 19 the valve slide 14 is also moved upwards, so that this closes the second feed hole 31 and the return bore 32 opens so that the pressure in the spring chamber 11 drops through the passage bore 17 in the closure part 16.
  • the pressure in the pressure chamber 28 thus becomes relatively larger than the pressure in the spring chamber 11, so that the high pressure at annular approach 35 of the nozzle needle 6 and this drives upwards, so that the nozzle needle 6 from its seat dissolves, whereby fuel can be injected.
  • the determining throttle cross section is preferably set in the bore 32 because at the end of the injection the fuel is then not throttled quickly through the bore 17 back into the spring chamber 11 flow in and a desired rapid closing of the nozzle needle 6 can cause.
  • the injection process is finished when the power supply to Solenoid 34 is interrupted so that the return bore 32nd is closed by the valve slide 14 and the aforementioned Pressure ratios adjust again.
  • the safety criterion which consists in that only when the magnet is energized may be injected.
  • the response of the solenoid 34 is, inter alia, also through determines the valve spool 14.
  • the effective area of the valve spool 14 on the solenoid 34 facing side and on the spring chamber 11 facing Page about the same size. Only the plunger 18 is reduced the effective area on the solenoid 34 facing Side of the valve spool 14. This is the valve spool 14 approximately equalized pressure, so that the response current of the solenoid 34 can be limited to a minimum.
  • Will continue the switching process of the injector is not otherwise existing different pressure conditions negative influenced, so that very quickly switching injection valves can be obtained, which is also suitable for a pre-injection own.
  • the remaining differential force on the valve spool 14.18 can by appropriate design of the compression spring 21 are largely offset.
  • FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment according to the invention an injector in which the parts that the Parts shown in Figure 1 correspond with the same reference numerals are provided and therefore not described further become.
  • the device differs from that shown in FIG. 1 Device in that the closure plate 37 different than is formed in Figure 1. Another is Relief bore 38 is provided.
  • the Valve slide 36 on the side facing away from the tappet 18 Valve spool 36 on a pin 39 which is in a recess 40 of the closure plate 37 is axially movable, so that the storage of the valve spool is improved.
  • the Recess 40 is at its lower end with the return port RL via the further relief bore 38 in connection, thus the easy axial displacement of the pin 39 is guaranteed.
  • this device works like the device according to Figure 1.
  • suitable dimensioning of the diameter of the pin 39 which in this case is the diameter of the plunger 18, the effective area on both sides of the valve slide 36 the same size, so that the valve slide 36 is completely pressure balanced, so that the above advantages can arise.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Einspritzventil nach dem Oberbegriff von Patentanspruch 1.The invention relates to an injection valve according to the preamble of claim 1.

Ein solches Ventil ist beispielsweise durch die EP-A 0 531 533 bekannt. Diese Veröffentlichung behandelt eine Dieseleinspritzeinrichtung mit einem Hochdrucksystem (Common Rail-System), bei dem der Kraftstoff einem Hochdruckspeicher über eine Hochdruckpumpe zugeführt wird. Dieser unter hohem Druck stehende Kraftstoff wird dann entsprechend einer Steuerung den einzelnen Zylindern eines Dieselmotors über Einspritzventile zugeführt. Dabei werden die Einspritzventile jeweils über ein Magnetventil angesteuert, um u.a. auch individuelle Einspritzzeiten zu ermöglichen.Such a valve is described, for example, by EP-A 0 531 533 known. This publication deals with a diesel injector with a high pressure system (common rail system), where the fuel is stored in a high pressure accumulator a high pressure pump is supplied. This under high pressure Standing fuel is then controlled the individual cylinders of a diesel engine via injectors fed. The injectors are each controlled by a solenoid valve to also individual Allow injection times.

Um insbesondere Einspritzventile zu erhalten, mit denen auch eine Voreinspritzung möglich ist, um damit Verbrauch, Abgaswerte, Geräusch usw. zu verbessern, sollen die Einspritzventile bei hohen Einspritzdrücken schnell schaltbar sein. Dieses Erfordernis benötigt jedoch Solenoide, die einen relativ großen Platzbedarf erfordern, da sie eine große Stromaufnahme zur Abgabe der benötigten Leistung erfordern. Die üblichen Einspritzventile sind für eine Voreinspritzung nur bedingt tauglich, da sie im allgemeinen relativ langsam schalten.In particular, to get injectors with which too a pre-injection is possible to reduce consumption, exhaust gas values, The injectors are said to improve noise, etc. can be switched quickly at high injection pressures. This However, requirement requires solenoids that are relative require large space since they consume a large amount of electricity to deliver the required power. The usual Injectors are only conditional for pre-injection suitable, since they generally switch relatively slowly.

Um die gewünschten Einspritzkennlinien, insbesondere für die Zeitdauer der Voreinspritzung und Haupteinspritzung zu bekommen, weist die DE-OS 41 18 236 einen Weg, bei dem zwei Solenoide verwendet werden, deren Kraftstoffzuführungsbohrungen an ein Hochdrucksystem angeschlossen sind. Die beiden Solenoide sorgen dabei je nach Strombeaufschlagung über ein Bohrungs- und Ventilsystem für eine Voreinspritzung und eine Haupteinspritzung, wobei der Einspritzvorgang zwischen Vor- und Haupteinspritzung ohne Unterbrechung des Einspritzvorgangs vor sich gehen kann.To the desired injection characteristics, especially for the To get duration of pre-injection and main injection, DE-OS 41 18 236 shows a way in which two solenoids are used, the fuel supply holes are connected to a high pressure system. The two solenoids depending on the current applied Bore and valve system for one pre-injection and one Main injection, the injection process between pre and main injection without interrupting the injection process can go on.

Durch diese Vorrichtung sind in großem Umfang beliebige Einspritzkennlinien erhältlich. Die Vorrichtung ist jedoch wegen der Notwendigkeit von zwei Solenoiden und der entsprechend notwendigen Steuereinrichtung aufwendig.With this device, any injection characteristic curves are available on a large scale available. However, the device is because the need for two solenoids and the corresponding necessary control device expensive.

Aus GB 2185530 A ist ein Einspritzventil bekannt, das eine Einspritznadel aufweist, die über einen Druckraum gesteuert wird. Durch den Kraftstoffdruck im Druckraum wird die Einspritznadel gegen einen Dichtsitz gepreßt. Es ist ein Steuerventil vorgesehen, das den Druckraum von einem Kraftstoffrücklauf trennt. Wird das Steuerventil geöffnet, so sinkt der Druck in der Druckkammer und die Einspritznadel wird von einem Gegendruck vom Dichtsitz abgehoben. Der Gegendruck wird durch den einzuspritzenden Kraftstoffrücklauf erzeugt, der die Einspritznadel umgibt. Die Entlastung des Druckraumes erfolgt über eine beweglich gelagerte Drosselscheibe.From GB 2185530 A an injection valve is known, the one Injection needle, which is controlled via a pressure chamber becomes. The fuel needle in the pressure chamber becomes the injection needle pressed against a sealing seat. It is a control valve provided that the pressure chamber of a fuel return separates. If the control valve is opened, so the pressure in the pressure chamber and the injection needle decrease is lifted from the sealing seat by a counter pressure. The back pressure is generated by the fuel return to be injected, that surrounds the injection needle. The discharge of the Pressure chamber takes place via a movably mounted throttle disc.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung beruht darin, ein schnellschaltendes Einspritzventil vorzusehen, das einfach aufgebaut ist.The object of the invention is a fast switching To provide an injection valve that is simple.

Die Aufgabe wird gemäß der Erfindung durch den Patentanspruch 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet.The object is achieved according to the invention by the claim 1 solved. Advantageous further developments are in the subclaims featured.

Durch geeignete Dimensionierung und Anordnung dieser Kanäle können Strömungswiderstände bzw. Drosseln gebildet werden, die das Öffnen und/oder das Schließen der Einspritznadel beeinflussen. Wenn beispielsweise der unmittelbar vor dem Rücklaufanschluß befindliche Kanal als Drosselbohrung ausgebildet wird, kann das Anheben der Düsennadel verlangsamt werden, was für eine weichere Einspritzung bei Einspritzbeginn erwünscht sein kann. Durch Anordnung eines Strömungswiderstandes im Bereich zwischen dem Rückraum und der Ventilkammer kann außerdem das Schließen der Einspritznadel verzögert werden, was jedoch nur in weniger häufigen Fällen wünschenswert ist.By appropriate dimensioning and arrangement of these channels flow resistances or throttles can be formed, that affect the opening and / or closing of the injection needle. If, for example, the immediately before the return connection located channel designed as a throttle bore , the lifting of the nozzle needle can be slowed down, which desirable for a softer injection at the start of injection can be. By arranging a flow resistance in the area between the back space and the valve chamber can also what is delayed the closing of the injection needle but is only desirable in less frequent cases.

Die Erfindung wird nun anhand von zwei Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert.The invention is now based on two exemplary embodiments explained in more detail.

Es zeigen:

  • Figur 1 ein Einspritzventil mit einem Magnetventil im Schnitt; und
  • Figur 2 ein weiteres Einspritzventil mit einem Magnetventil im Schnitt, wobei der Rücklauf des Kraftstoffs modifiziert wurde.
    • Show it:
  • Figure 1 shows an injection valve with a solenoid valve in section; and
  • Figure 2 shows another injection valve with a solenoid valve in section, the return of the fuel has been modified.

    • Die in Figur 1 gezeigte Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung besteht aus einem langgestreckten Gehäuse 1, auf dessen unterem Ende eine Überwurfmutter 2 aufgeschraubt ist. Mit dieser Überwurfmutter 2 wird vom unteren Ende des Gehäuses 1 aus eine Zwischenplatte 3 und ein Einspritzdüsengehäuse 29, in dem eine Einspritzdüsennadel 6 geführt ist, gehalten. Sowohl die Zwischenscheibe 3 als auch das Einspritzdüsengehäuse 29 weisen eine Mittelbohrung 5 auf, in der die Düsennadel 6 axial verschiebbar angeordnet ist. An ihrem einen Ende liegt im gezeichneten Zustand die Düsennadel 6 an einem ringförmigen Düsensitz 7 an, so daß die Düsennadel 6 die Düsenlöcher 8,9 verschließt. Am anderen Ende ist die Düsennadel 6 mit einem Druckbolzen 10 versehen, der in einem im Gehäuse 1 als Federkammer 11 ausgebildeten Rückraum angeordnet ist und von einer in der Federkammer 11 angeordneten Düsenfeder 12 beaufschlagt wird, so daß die Düsennadel 6 auf dem Düsensitz 7 anliegt und diesen verschließt. Das andere Ende der Düsenfeder 12 liegt an dem dem Druckbolzen 10 gegenüberliegendem Ende der Federkammer 11 an. The fuel injection device shown in Figure 1 exists from an elongated housing 1, on the lower End of a union nut 2 is screwed on. With this Union nut 2 is a from the lower end of the housing 1 Intermediate plate 3 and an injector housing 29 in which an injection nozzle needle 6 is held. Both the Show intermediate washer 3 and the injector housing 29 a central bore 5 in which the nozzle needle 6 axially is slidably arranged. At one end lies in the drawn Condition the nozzle needle 6 on an annular nozzle seat 7 so that the nozzle needle 6, the nozzle holes 8.9 closes. At the other end is the nozzle needle 6 with one Pressure bolt 10 provided in a in the housing 1 as a spring chamber 11 trained rear space is arranged and one arranged in the spring chamber 11 arranged nozzle spring 12 is so that the nozzle needle 6 rests on the nozzle seat 7 and closes this. The other end of the nozzle spring 12 is located at the end of the spring chamber opposite the pressure bolt 10 11 on.

    Das Gehäuse 1 weist im oberen Bereich eine zylinderförmige Ventilkammer 13 auf, in der ein in axialer Richtung verschiebbarer als Ventilschieber 14 ausgebildetes Steuerventil angeordnet ist. Der Ventilschieber 14 weist zumindest eine in axialer Richtung verlaufende Bohrung 15 auf. Zwischen der Ventilkammer 13 und der Federkammer 11 ist ein die Ventilkammer 13 verschließendes Verschlußteil 16 angeordnet, das eine in axialer Richtung sich erstreckende Durchlaßbohrung 17 aufweist, die die Ventilkammer 13 mit der Federkammer 11 verbindet. Der Ventilschieber 14 ist über einen Stößel 18 mit einem in einer Kammer 20 des Gehäuses 1 angeordneten Magnetanker 19 verbunden, der von einer Druckfeder 21 beaufschlagt wird, die in einer Ausnehmung 23 des Spulengehäuses 22 gelagert ist. Im Spulengehäuse 22 ist weiterhin eine Spule 24 angeordnet, die mit Spulenanschlüssen 25,26 nach außen hin verbunden ist.The housing 1 has a cylindrical shape in the upper area Valve chamber 13 in which an axially displaceable Control valve designed as a valve slide 14 is arranged. The valve spool 14 has at least one in bore 15 extending in the axial direction. Between the Valve chamber 13 and the spring chamber 11 is a the valve chamber 13 closing part 16 arranged, the one has passage bore 17 extending in the axial direction, which connects the valve chamber 13 to the spring chamber 11. The valve spool 14 is connected via a tappet 18 Magnetic armature 19 arranged in a chamber 20 of the housing 1 connected, which is acted upon by a compression spring 21 which is mounted in a recess 23 of the coil housing 22. in the Coil housing 22 is also arranged a coil 24, the is connected to the coil connections 25,26 to the outside.

    Im Gehäuse 1 ist links oben in der Figur 1 ein Anschluß CR vorgesehen, der mit einem Hochdruckspeicher (nicht gezeigt) für den zu liefernden Kraftstoff verbunden ist. An den Anschluß CR ist eine im Innern des Gehäuses 1 vorgesehene erste Zuführungsbohrung 27 geführt, die an ihrem anderen Ende in einen im Einspritzdüsengehäuse 29 gebildeten Druckraum 28 mündet. Dieser Druckraum 28 steht mit einem axial sich erstreckenden Zwischenraum 30 mit dem Düsensitz 7 in Verbindung. Der Zwischenraum 30 wird dadurch gebildet, daß der untere Teil der Düsennadel 6 abgesetzt ist, d.h., daß der untere Teil der Düsennadel 6 einen kleineren Durchmesser als der obere Teil der Düsennadel 6 aufweist, der im Einspritzdüsengehäuse 29 geführt ist. Der Bereich des Übergangs vom kleinen zum großen Durchmesser endet im oberen Teil des Druckraums 28. Durch ihn wird ein ringförmiger Ansatz 35 der abgesetzten Düsennadel 6 gebildet.In the housing 1 there is a connection CR at the top left in FIG provided with a high pressure accumulator (not shown) is connected for the fuel to be supplied. To the connection CR is a first provided inside the housing 1 Feed hole 27 out in at its other end a pressure chamber 28 formed in the injector housing 29 flows. This pressure chamber 28 is axially extending Gap 30 in connection with the nozzle seat 7. The gap 30 is formed in that the lower Part of the nozzle needle 6 is offset, i.e. that the lower one Part of the nozzle needle 6 has a smaller diameter than that has upper part of the nozzle needle 6, in the injector housing 29 is performed. The area of transition from small to the large diameter ends in the upper part of the pressure chamber 28. An annular shoulder 35 is set off by it Nozzle needle 6 formed.

    Der Anschluß CR steht weiter mit einer zweiten Zuführungsbohrung 31 in Verbindung, die in die Ventilkammer 13 mündet. The connection CR is still with a second feed hole 31 in connection, which opens into the valve chamber 13.

    Im Gehäuse 1 ist rechts oben ein Rücklaufanschluß RL erkennbar, der sowohl mit der Ventilkammer 13 über eine Rücklaufbohrung 32 als auch mit der Kammer 20 für den Magnetanker 19 über eine Entlastungsbohrung 33 in Verbindung steht.A return connection RL can be seen in the top right of the housing 1, of both with the valve chamber 13 via a return bore 32 and with the chamber 20 for the magnet armature 19th is connected via a relief bore 33.

    Der Ventilschieber 14 weist eine solche Länge auf, daß er entweder die zweite Zuführungsbohrung 31 oder die Rücklaufbohrung 32 verschließen kann.The valve spool 14 has a length such that it either the second feed hole 31 or the return hole 32 can close.

    Die Vorrichtung arbeitet wie folgt:The device works as follows:

    Die in Figur 1 gezeigte Vorrichtung zeigt den Ruhezustand, d.h., es findet keine Einspritzung statt, da die Düsennadel 6 am Düsensitz 7 anliegt und diesen somit verschließt. Über den Hochdruckanschluß CR befindet sich Kraftstoff unter einem hohen Druck in der ersten Zuführungsbohrung 27, in dem sich daran anschließenden Druckraum 28 sowie im Zwischenraum 30. Weiter wird in der gezeigten Stellung des Ventilschiebers 14 der obere Teil der Ventilkammer 13 über die zweite Zuführungsbohrung 31 mit unter einem hohen Druck stehenden Kraftstoff versorgt. Über die Bohrungen 15 im Ventilschieber 14 und die Durchlaßbohrung 17 im Verschlußteil 16 gelangt der Kraftstoff unter dem hohen Druck in die Federkammer 11. Die Rücklaufbohrung RL ist durch den Ventilschieber 14 verschlossen. Damit liegt ein Hochdruck einmal auf der oberen Seite der Düsennadel 6 an, wobei aufgrund der wirksamen Druckflächen (die wirksame Fläche der Düsenoberseite ist größer als die wirksame Fläche der Düsennadel 6 im Druckraum 28) die Düsennadel 6 auf den Düsensitz 7 gedrückt wird. Die in der Federkammer 11 vorgesehene Düsenfeder 12 dient dazu, daß die Schließkraft auf die Düsennadel 6 unterstützt wird, so daß in diesem Zustand die Düsennadel 6 auf ihrem Düsensitz 7 anliegt. Bei nicht angezogenem (nicht bestromten) Magneten wird die Düsennadel 6 immer auf ihren Düsensitz 7 gedrückt.The device shown in FIG. 1 shows the idle state, i.e. there is no injection because the nozzle needle 6 abuts the nozzle seat 7 and thus closes it. On the High pressure connection CR is under a high fuel Pressure in the first supply bore 27, in which adjoining pressure chamber 28 and in intermediate space 30. Furthermore, in the position shown, the valve slide 14 the upper part of the valve chamber 13 via the second supply bore 31 with fuel under high pressure provided. Via the bores 15 in the valve slide 14 and the passage bore 17 in the closure part 16 passes Fuel under the high pressure in the spring chamber 11. Die Return bore RL is closed by valve slide 14. A high pressure is once on the upper side the nozzle needle 6, due to the effective pressure areas (The effective area of the top of the nozzle is larger than the effective area of the nozzle needle 6 in the pressure chamber 28) the nozzle needle 6 is pressed onto the nozzle seat 7. The one in the spring chamber 11 provided nozzle spring 12 serves that the Closing force on the nozzle needle 6 is supported, so that in this state, the nozzle needle 6 rests on its nozzle seat 7. If the magnet is not attracted (not energized) the nozzle needle 6 is always pressed onto its nozzle seat 7.

    Die Kammer 20 ist zusammen mit der Rücklaufbohrung 32 und der Entlastungsbohrung 33 mit dem Rücklaufanschluß RL verbunden, so daß sie zusammen ein Niederdrucksystem bilden. Das durch den Magnetanker 19, die Spule 24 und das Gehäuse 22 gebildete Solenoid 34 ist in der gezeigten Stellung nicht bestromt.The chamber 20 is together with the return bore 32 and the Relief bore 33 connected to the return port RL, so that together they form a low pressure system. That through the armature 19, the coil 24 and the housing 22 are formed Solenoid 34 is not energized in the position shown.

    Wird nun das Solenoid 34 bestromt, so wird der Magnetanker 19 durch die Spule 24 angezogen und in eine obere Stellung bewegt. Über den mit dem Magnetanker 19 verbundenen Stößel 18 wird ebenfallls der Ventilschieber 14 nach oben bewegt, so daß dieser die zweite Zuführungsbohrung 31 verschließt und die Rücklaufbohrung 32 öffnet, so daß der Druck in der Federkammer 11 über die Durchlaßbohrung 17 im Verschlußteil 16 absinkt. Damit wird der Druck im Druckraum 28 relativ größer als der Druck in der Federkammer 11, so daß der Hochdruck am ringförmigen Ansatz 35 der Düsennadel 6 anliegt und diese nach oben treibt, so daß sich die Düsennadel 6 von ihrem Sitz löst, wodurch Kraftstoff eingespritzt werden kann. Über den Querschnitt der Durchlaßbohrung 17 und der Rücklaufbohrung 32 wird die Kennlinie, insbesondere das Ansprechverhalten der Einspritzeinrichtung festgelegt, so daß der Einspritzverlauf sozusagen geformt werden kann. Der bestimmende Drosselquerschnitt ist vorzugsweise in der Bohrung 32 festzulegen, weil beim Ende der Einspritzung der Kraftstoff dann ungedrosselt schnell durch die Bohrung 17 wieder in die Federkammer 11 einströmen und ein erwünscht schnelles Schließen der Düsennadel 6 bewirken kann.If the solenoid 34 is now energized, the magnet armature 19 attracted by the coil 24 and moved to an upper position. Via the plunger 18 connected to the magnet armature 19 the valve slide 14 is also moved upwards, so that this closes the second feed hole 31 and the return bore 32 opens so that the pressure in the spring chamber 11 drops through the passage bore 17 in the closure part 16. The pressure in the pressure chamber 28 thus becomes relatively larger than the pressure in the spring chamber 11, so that the high pressure at annular approach 35 of the nozzle needle 6 and this drives upwards, so that the nozzle needle 6 from its seat dissolves, whereby fuel can be injected. On the Cross section of the through bore 17 and the return bore 32 the characteristic curve, in particular the response behavior of the Injection device set so that the injection course can be shaped, so to speak. The determining throttle cross section is preferably set in the bore 32 because at the end of the injection the fuel is then not throttled quickly through the bore 17 back into the spring chamber 11 flow in and a desired rapid closing of the nozzle needle 6 can cause.

    Der Einspritzvorgang ist beendet, wenn die Stromzufuhr zum Solenoid 34 unterbrochen wird, so daß die Rückiaufbohrung 32 durch den Ventilschieber 14 geschlossen wird und die eingangserwähnten Druckverhältnisse sich wieder einstellen. Damit ist das Sicherheitskriterium erfüllt, das darin besteht, daß nur bei Bestromen des Magneten eingespritzt werden darf.The injection process is finished when the power supply to Solenoid 34 is interrupted so that the return bore 32nd is closed by the valve slide 14 and the aforementioned Pressure ratios adjust again. In order to the safety criterion is fulfilled, which consists in that only when the magnet is energized may be injected.

    Das Ansprechverhalten des Solenoids 34 wird u.a. auch durch den Ventilschieber 14 bestimmt. Im dargestellten Fall ist die wirksame Fläche des Ventilschiebers 14 auf der dem Solenoid 34 zugewandten Seite und auf der der Federkammer 11 zugewandten Seite in etwa gleich groß. Lediglich der Stößel 18 vermindert die wirksame Fläche auf der dem Solenoid 34 zugewandten Seite des Ventilschiebers 14. Damit ist der Ventilschieber 14 in etwa druckausgeglichen, so daß der Ansprechstrom des Solenoids 34 auf ein Minimum begrenzbar ist. Weiter wird der Schaltvorgang der Einspritzvorrichtung nicht durch ansonsten vorhandene unterschiedliche Druckverhältnisse negativ beeinflußt, so daß sehr schnell schaltende Einspritzventile erhalten werden können, die sich auch für eine Voreinspritzung eignen. Die verbleibende Differenzkraft am Ventilschieber 14,18 kann durch entsprechende Auslegung der Druckfeder 21 weitgehend ausgeglichen werden.The response of the solenoid 34 is, inter alia, also through determines the valve spool 14. In the case shown is the effective area of the valve spool 14 on the solenoid 34 facing side and on the spring chamber 11 facing Page about the same size. Only the plunger 18 is reduced the effective area on the solenoid 34 facing Side of the valve spool 14. This is the valve spool 14 approximately equalized pressure, so that the response current of the solenoid 34 can be limited to a minimum. Will continue the switching process of the injector is not otherwise existing different pressure conditions negative influenced, so that very quickly switching injection valves can be obtained, which is also suitable for a pre-injection own. The remaining differential force on the valve spool 14.18 can by appropriate design of the compression spring 21 are largely offset.

    Die Figur 2 zeigt eine zweite erfindungsgemäße Ausführungsform einer Einspritzvorrichtung, bei der die Teile, die den in Figur 1 gezeigten Teilen entsprechen, mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen sind und daher nicht weiter beschrieben werden.FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment according to the invention an injector in which the parts that the Parts shown in Figure 1 correspond with the same reference numerals are provided and therefore not described further become.

    Die Vorrichtung unterscheidet sich von der in Figur 1 gezeigten Vorrichtung dadurch, daß die Verschlußplatte 37 anders als in Figur 1 ausgebildet ist. Weiterhin ist eine weitere Entlastungsbohrung 38 vorgesehen. Im gezeigten Fall weist der Ventilschieber 36 auf der dem Stößel 18 abgewandten Seite des Ventilschiebers 36 einen Zapfen 39 auf, der in einer Ausnehmung 40 der Verschlußplatte 37 axial beweglich gelagert ist, so daß die Lagerung des Ventilschiebers verbessert wird. Die Ausnehmung 40 steht an ihrem unteren Ende mit dem Rücklaufanschluß RL über die weitere Entlastungsbohrung 38 in Verbindung, damit die leichte axiale Verschiebbarkeit des Zapfens 39 gewährleistet ist.The device differs from that shown in FIG. 1 Device in that the closure plate 37 different than is formed in Figure 1. Another is Relief bore 38 is provided. In the case shown, the Valve slide 36 on the side facing away from the tappet 18 Valve spool 36 on a pin 39 which is in a recess 40 of the closure plate 37 is axially movable, so that the storage of the valve spool is improved. The Recess 40 is at its lower end with the return port RL via the further relief bore 38 in connection, thus the easy axial displacement of the pin 39 is guaranteed.

    Im Prinzip arbeitet diese Vorrichtung wie die Vorrichtung nach Figur 1. Wie man jedoch erkennt, ist bei geeigneter Bemessung des Durchmessers des Zapfens 39, der in diesem Fall gleich dem Durchmesser des Stößels 18 ist, die wirksame Fläche auf beiden Seiten des Ventilschiebers 36 gleich groß, so daß der Ventilschieber 36 völlig druckausgeglichen ist, so daß sich die obengenannten Vorteile einstellen können.In principle, this device works like the device according to Figure 1. However, as can be seen, is with suitable dimensioning of the diameter of the pin 39, which in this case is the diameter of the plunger 18, the effective area on both sides of the valve slide 36 the same size, so that the valve slide 36 is completely pressure balanced, so that the above advantages can arise.

    Claims (7)

    1. Injection valve for internal combustion engines, there being arranged in an injection-valve housing:
      a driving mechanism (34) which controls a control valve (14;45,46);
      a high-pressure fuel inlet port (CR) and a low-pressure fuel return port (RL), which are connected to a valve chamber (13);
      a nozzle needle (6), which is arranged in the injection-valve housing (29), can be displaced in the axial direction of the injection-valve housing and can open and close nozzle outlet openings (8,9) of the injection valve as a function of the operating position of the control valve;
      a pressure space (28) in the region of the nozzle needle (6), which is connected to a fuel inlet port (CR) and
      a rear space (11) behind the nozzle needle (6), which is connected to the valve chamber (13);
      a connecting passage (17, 32), which is designed as a restrictor which forms a flow resistance and is arranged at least in a region situated between the rear space (11) and the return port (RL), characterized in that the control valve is designed as a valve slide (14) which is arranged in the valve chamber (13), can be displaced in the axial direction and closes off either the fuel inlet port (CR) or the fuel return port from the valve chamber (13), and in that the valve slide (14) has at least one axially extending hole (15).
    2. Injection valve according to Claim 1, characterized in that that region (32) of the connecting passage which is situated immediately ahead of the return port is designed as a restrictor.
    3. Injection valve according to Claim 1, characterized in that a closure part (16), in which there is arranged a through hole (17) that establishes a connection between the rear space (11) and the valve chamber (13), is arranged in the injection-valve housing between the valve chamber (13) and the rear space (11) arranged behind the nozzle needle.
    4. Injection valve according to Claim 3, characterized in that the through hole (17) is designed as a restrictor.
    5. Injection valve according to Claim 1, characterized in that the closure part (16) has an axially extending recess (40) into which there engages a stud (39) of a valve slide of the control valve.
    6. Injection valve according to Claim 5, characterized in that the recess (40) is closed on the side facing the rear space.
    7. Injection valve according to Claim 6, characterized in that the recess (40) between the stud (39) and the closed side of the closure plate (37) is connected to the return port by a passage (38).
    EP95913859A 1994-03-24 1995-03-23 Injection valve Revoked EP0752060B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (3)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    DE4410283 1994-03-24
    DE4410283 1994-03-24
    PCT/DE1995/000399 WO1995025886A1 (en) 1994-03-24 1995-03-23 Injection valve

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0752060A1 EP0752060A1 (en) 1997-01-08
    EP0752060B1 true EP0752060B1 (en) 1999-01-27

    Family

    ID=6513771

    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP95913859A Revoked EP0752060B1 (en) 1994-03-24 1995-03-23 Injection valve

    Country Status (4)

    Country Link
    EP (1) EP0752060B1 (en)
    JP (1) JPH09510526A (en)
    DE (1) DE59504989D1 (en)
    WO (1) WO1995025886A1 (en)

    Cited By (1)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    WO2011124045A1 (en) * 2010-04-08 2011-10-13 北京亚新科天纬油泵油嘴股份有限公司 High-pressure common rail electric control fuel injector

    Families Citing this family (1)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    US5947382A (en) * 1997-06-11 1999-09-07 Stanadyne Automotive Corp. Servo controlled common rail injector

    Family Cites Families (3)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    ES2025054B3 (en) * 1985-12-02 1992-03-16 Marco Alfredo Ganser FUEL INJECTION DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.
    CH668621A5 (en) * 1986-01-22 1989-01-13 Dereco Dieselmotoren Forschung FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM FOR AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.
    US5299919A (en) * 1991-11-01 1994-04-05 Paul Marius A Fuel injector system

    Cited By (1)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    WO2011124045A1 (en) * 2010-04-08 2011-10-13 北京亚新科天纬油泵油嘴股份有限公司 High-pressure common rail electric control fuel injector

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    WO1995025886A1 (en) 1995-09-28
    EP0752060A1 (en) 1997-01-08
    DE59504989D1 (en) 1999-03-11
    JPH09510526A (en) 1997-10-21

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