EP0747651A1 - Geschützerverschluss mit bewegbaren Keilverschlussstück und Geschütz mit einem solchen Verschluss - Google Patents

Geschützerverschluss mit bewegbaren Keilverschlussstück und Geschütz mit einem solchen Verschluss Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0747651A1
EP0747651A1 EP95401098A EP95401098A EP0747651A1 EP 0747651 A1 EP0747651 A1 EP 0747651A1 EP 95401098 A EP95401098 A EP 95401098A EP 95401098 A EP95401098 A EP 95401098A EP 0747651 A1 EP0747651 A1 EP 0747651A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
breech
sleeve
cheeks
wedge
axis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95401098A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0747651B1 (de
Inventor
Patrick Balbo
Guy Malassenet
Philippe Grelat
Fabienne Mandereau
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giat Industries SA
Original Assignee
Giat Industries SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Giat Industries SA filed Critical Giat Industries SA
Priority to EP95401098A priority Critical patent/EP0747651B1/de
Priority to DE1995605951 priority patent/DE69505951T2/de
Publication of EP0747651A1 publication Critical patent/EP0747651A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0747651B1 publication Critical patent/EP0747651B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/02—Block action, i.e. the main breech opening movement being transverse to the barrel axis
    • F41A3/10—Block action, i.e. the main breech opening movement being transverse to the barrel axis with sliding breech-block, e.g. vertically

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cannon breech having a breech wedge which is movable between the two cheeks of a breech sleeve.
  • the present invention also relates to a barrel comprising such a breech.
  • the present invention relates to a cannon breech in which the breech wedge has on each of its sides facing the corresponding cheek of the sleeve at least one support element having at least one surface of combined support of a complementary support element of said cheek, and to rely on this combined surface to transmit to said cheek the forces generated during the firing of a munition.
  • a simple support is used between the breech corner and the breech sleeve: the breech corner has on its rear face, on each side of the latter, a support surface substantially perpendicular to the common axis of the tube and of the cylinder head and which rests on a combined bearing surface of the corresponding cheek of the cylinder head sleeve.
  • the plane of these surfaces intersects the plane defined by the axis of the tube and by the horizontal along a perpendicular to said axis.
  • the pressure supported by the cylinder head wedge generates a load distributed over the front face of the wedge, the result of which is located on the axis of the tube and of the cylinder head.
  • This load is transmitted to the cylinder head sleeve by the abovementioned bearing surfaces.
  • the lateral offset of the bearing surfaces with respect to the neutral fiber of each of the cheeks induces in each of them a bending torque tending to spread the cheeks one of the other.
  • the two cheeks are connected by a prop located in the lower rear part of the sleeve.
  • This prop also has the function of ensuring good guidance of the ammunition when loading it.
  • This structure has a significant drawback: the useful area for supporting the wedge on the cheek is limited, which limits the forces which can be transmitted to said cheek and therefore the maximum pressure that can be generated in the chamber of the tube, as soon as the congestion problems do not allow the dimensions of the cheeks to be increased, in particular that in the direction of the axis of the tube.
  • a third press is necessary to limit the opening of the cheeks of the cylinder head sleeve if the prop is removed. This makes it necessary to increase the dimension of the cylinder head corner in the direction of the axis of the tube, which can constitute a very disadvantageous disadvantage in all cases where the available space is very reduced.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy the drawbacks of known cylinder heads, and to propose a cylinder head of the aforementioned type which has a minimum bulk so as to allow mounting in reduced spaces, and which is at the same time capable of withstanding very high pressures such as those envisaged for the new generation of tank artillery.
  • the object of the invention is also to propose means for ensuring correct guiding of the ammunition from the moment when the prop which has conventionally connected the cheeks of the sleeve to one another has been removed. cylinder head at the rear lower part of it.
  • the barrel breech of the aforementioned type is characterized in that the bearing surface of the breech wedge and the combined bearing surface of the corresponding cheek of the sleeve are oriented in such a way that the plane of each of these surfaces intersect the plane defined by the axis of the tube and by the horizontal along a half-line stopping at said axis and making with the half-axis directed towards the front of the tube an angle greater than 90 °.
  • the combustion of the powder in the chamber of the tube produces gases under very high pressure which exert on the front face of the breech wedge a distributed charge, the result of which is located on the axis of the tube.
  • the orientation of the respective bearing surfaces of the breech wedge and the cheeks of the sleeve breaks this load down into a main component directed substantially in the direction of the axis of the tube and into a complementary component which is perpendicular to the previous one, and which creates an effort which opposes the bending effort of the cheeks of the sleeve towards the outside induced by the offset of the bearing surface of each cheek relative to the fiber neutral of the latter.
  • the breech wedge has, in front of each of the cheeks of the breech sleeve, at least two bearing surfaces adapted to rest on two conjugate bearing surfaces of the corresponding cheek of the breech sleeve.
  • the cylinder head according to the invention can thus withstand very high pressures while retaining a very simple structure without prop, therefore easy to machine and relatively inexpensive, and remaining compact.
  • the angle made by the second bearing surface of the corner situated towards the rear of the cylinder head with the half-axis directed towards the front of the tube is greater than the corresponding angle of the first bearing surface of the corner located towards the front of the cylinder head.
  • the bending force directed inwards at this second surface is therefore greater than that exerted on the first surface, and corresponds to the higher value of the bending force outwards. exerted on this same second surface.
  • the distance between the two bearing surfaces on one side of the cylinder head corner is slightly greater than the distance between the two corresponding conjugate surfaces of the affected cheek.
  • the barrel 1 of the barrel is seen in perspective from a point located at the rear, above and on the left side thereof.
  • the opening 2 of the breech 1 is adapted to receive by screwing a barrel tube shown diagrammatically at 40 ( Figures 2 and 4).
  • the barrel breech 1 conventionally comprises a breech wedge 3 which is movable between the two cheeks 4, 5 of a breech sleeve 6.
  • the breech wedge 3 is adapted to slide substantially along a plane perpendicular to the axis of the tube, between an open position, shown in the figure, in which the corner 3 releases the opening 2 of the breech 1 to allow the introduction of a munition not shown, and a high position not shown in which said corner 3 just close the opening 2 itself already closed by the ammunition socket.
  • the wedge 3 of the cylinder head has on each of its sides 7, 8 facing the cheek 4, 5, corresponding to the sleeve 6, at least one element d support 9, 10, 11, 12 having at least one support surface 13, 14, 15, 16 turned towards the rear 17 of the cylinder head 1 and adapted to slide along a conjugate support surface 18, 19, 20, 21, of a complementary support element 22, 23, 24, 25 of said cheek 4, 5, and to bear on this mating surface 18, 19, 20, 21, to transmit to said cheek 4, 5, the forces generated during the firing of a munition.
  • the bearing surface 13, 14, 15, 16 of said bearing element 9, 10, 11, 12 of the corner 3 and the conjugate bearing surface 18, 19, 20, 21 of the corresponding cheek 4, 5 of the sleeve 6 are oriented in such a way that the plane of each of these surfaces 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21 intersects the plane of the figure defined by the axis 26 of the tube and by the horizontal along a half-straight line D1, D2, D3, D4 stopping at said axis 26 and making with the half-axis 27 directed towards the front 28 of the cylinder head and towards the front of the tube an angle A1, A2 , greater than 90 °.
  • the support elements 9, 10, 11, 12 of the corner 3 are constituted by lateral protrusions 9, 10, 11, 12 projecting outwards on each side of the corner 3. These protrusions are introduced into slides of complementary shape 22, 23, 24, 25 formed on the opposite faces of the cheeks 4, 5 of the sleeve 6.
  • the lateral protrusions 9, 10, and 11, 12 are symmetrical to one another with respect to the vertical plane passing through the axis 26, and the slides 22, 23 and 24, 25 are symmetrical to each other with respect to the same plane.
  • the wedge 3 of the cylinder head thus has, in front of each of the cheeks 4, 5 of the sleeve 6 of the cylinder head, first and second bearing surfaces, respectively 13, 15 and 14, 16, adapted to rest on two conjugate bearing surfaces, respectively 18, 20 and 19, 21 of cheeks 4, 5.
  • the angle A2 made by the half-lines D3 and D4 with the axis 26, which corresponds to the angle made by the second bearing surfaces 15, 16 of the corner and 20 , 21 of the sleeve 6 located towards the rear 17 of the cylinder head with the vertical plane passing through the axis 26, is greater than the corresponding angle A1 made by the half-lines D1 and D2 with the axis 26, which corresponds at the angle made by the first bearing surfaces 13, 14 of the corner 3 and 18, 19 of the sleeve 6 located towards the front 28 of the cylinder head 1.
  • the bending torque directed towards the axis 26 which is exerted on the second bearing surfaces (rear) 20, 21 of the cheeks 4, 5 is therefore greater than the corresponding torque which is exerted on the first bearing surfaces ( front) 18, 19 of these cheeks. It is easy to determine the angles A1 and A2 so that the ratio between the bending torques is equal to the ratio between the distances of these surfaces from the surface 41 of the cylinder head 1 from which the cheeks 4 and 5 are formed.
  • the distance between the two bearing surfaces 13, 15 or 14, 16 on one side or the other of the wedge 3 of the cylinder head is slightly greater than the distance between the two mating surfaces 18, 20 or 19, 21 corresponding to cheek 4, 5 concerned.
  • This predetermined clearance corresponds to a predetermined fraction of the elongation of the cheeks 4, 5 of the sleeve 6 in the direction of the axis 26 of the tube during the departure of a munition.
  • the longitudinal force transmitted by the corner 3 to the rear bearing surfaces 20, 21 of the cheeks causes a progressive elongation of the cheeks as the pressure of the gases increases in the tube chamber, until the first support surfaces (front) 13, 14 of the corner 3 come into contact with the front support surfaces 18, 19 of the cheeks 4, 5.
  • This prop had the secondary function of ensuring good guidance of the ammunition when loading it into the tube.
  • the breech according to the present invention further comprises an ammunition guiding element 29, 29a situated between the two cheeks 4, 5 of the breech sleeve 6 in the open position of the breech allowing the introduction of ammunition into the tube.
  • the ammunition guide member 29 is fixed on at least one, 4, of the cheeks 4, 5 of the sleeve 6. Its upper surface 30 is situated substantially in the extension of the upper surface 31 of the corner 3 when the latter is in the open position, and has a concave shape which substantially corresponds to the concave shape of the surface 31.
  • the ammunition guide element 29a is fixed to the rear of the breech wedge 3 and moves therewith.
  • the element 29a could obviously be in one piece with the corner 3.
  • the element 29a has, like the element 29, the above-mentioned upper surface 30.
  • the breech wedge 3 is also guided in its front part relative to the cheeks 4, 5 of the sleeve 6.
  • the protrusions 9 and 10 also have sliding surfaces facing forward and substantially parallel to the plane perpendicular to the axis 26: these sliding surfaces 36, 37 slide with adequate clearance, along the mating surfaces 38, 39 of the cheeks 4, 5.
  • a simple and economical breech structure without prop has thus been described, which makes it possible to substantially eliminate the bending torque tending to separate the cheeks from one another when firing an ammunition, and to extend the service life. of the breech.
  • This cylinder head is capable, with a single bearing surface on either side of the corner of transmit to the cheeks 4, 5 of the sleeve the longitudinal forces corresponding to the conventional pressures reached in the tube chamber when firing an ammunition. With two bearing surfaces on either side of the corner, such a breech is capable of absorbing and transmitting the forces corresponding to the higher pressures provided for the new generation of tank artillery.
  • the bearing surfaces may not be flat, or may correspond to planes not perpendicular to the axis 26 in order to exert a wedging effect of the breech wedge against the opening of the tube.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Clamps And Clips (AREA)
EP95401098A 1995-05-11 1995-05-11 Geschützerverschluss mit bewegbaren Keilverschlussstück und Geschütz mit einem solchen Verschluss Expired - Lifetime EP0747651B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP95401098A EP0747651B1 (de) 1995-05-11 1995-05-11 Geschützerverschluss mit bewegbaren Keilverschlussstück und Geschütz mit einem solchen Verschluss
DE1995605951 DE69505951T2 (de) 1995-05-11 1995-05-11 Geschützerverschluss mit bewegbaren Keilverschlussstück und Geschütz mit einem solchen Verschluss

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP95401098A EP0747651B1 (de) 1995-05-11 1995-05-11 Geschützerverschluss mit bewegbaren Keilverschlussstück und Geschütz mit einem solchen Verschluss

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0747651A1 true EP0747651A1 (de) 1996-12-11
EP0747651B1 EP0747651B1 (de) 1998-11-11

Family

ID=8221489

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95401098A Expired - Lifetime EP0747651B1 (de) 1995-05-11 1995-05-11 Geschützerverschluss mit bewegbaren Keilverschlussstück und Geschütz mit einem solchen Verschluss

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0747651B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69505951T2 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3109815A1 (fr) 2020-05-04 2021-11-05 Nexter Systems Dispositif de guidage compact d'une masse reculante
FR3109816A1 (fr) 2020-05-04 2021-11-05 Nexter Systems Dispositif de guidage d'une masse reculante par un organe d'un lien élastique

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009011939B4 (de) 2009-03-10 2015-11-26 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Verriegelungsvorrichtung für einen Verschluss
RU2678934C1 (ru) * 2018-04-17 2019-02-04 Акционерное общество "Завод N9" (АО "Завод N9") Затвор артиллерийского орудия

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB191021065A (en) * 1910-09-09 1911-05-25 Eugene Schneider Improvements in or relating to the Breech Mechanism of Guns.
GB127893A (en) * 1917-06-15 1919-06-19 Arthur Trevor Dawson Improvements in or relating to Ordnance Breech Mechanism.
US5014592A (en) * 1990-01-02 1991-05-14 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Multi-lug breech mechanism

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB189502149A (en) * 1895-01-31 1895-03-02 Max Dussel Improvements in the Manufacture of Cigars.

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB191021065A (en) * 1910-09-09 1911-05-25 Eugene Schneider Improvements in or relating to the Breech Mechanism of Guns.
GB127893A (en) * 1917-06-15 1919-06-19 Arthur Trevor Dawson Improvements in or relating to Ordnance Breech Mechanism.
US5014592A (en) * 1990-01-02 1991-05-14 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Multi-lug breech mechanism

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3109815A1 (fr) 2020-05-04 2021-11-05 Nexter Systems Dispositif de guidage compact d'une masse reculante
FR3109816A1 (fr) 2020-05-04 2021-11-05 Nexter Systems Dispositif de guidage d'une masse reculante par un organe d'un lien élastique
WO2021224762A1 (fr) 2020-05-04 2021-11-11 Nexter Systems Dispositif de guidage compact d'une masse reculante
US11821702B2 (en) 2020-05-04 2023-11-21 Nexter Systems Device for guiding a recoiling mass by a member of an elastic link
US11821701B2 (en) 2020-05-04 2023-11-21 Nexter Systems Compact guide device for a recoiling mass

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0747651B1 (de) 1998-11-11
DE69505951D1 (de) 1998-12-17
DE69505951T2 (de) 1999-04-15

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