EP0744907B1 - Footwear - Google Patents

Footwear Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0744907B1
EP0744907B1 EP95909023A EP95909023A EP0744907B1 EP 0744907 B1 EP0744907 B1 EP 0744907B1 EP 95909023 A EP95909023 A EP 95909023A EP 95909023 A EP95909023 A EP 95909023A EP 0744907 B1 EP0744907 B1 EP 0744907B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
stud
boot
axis
studs
along
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95909023A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0744907A1 (en
Inventor
Anthony Evans
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EVANS, ANTHONY
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0744907A1 publication Critical patent/EP0744907A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0744907B1 publication Critical patent/EP0744907B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43C—FASTENINGS OR ATTACHMENTS OF FOOTWEAR; LACES IN GENERAL
    • A43C15/00—Non-skid devices or attachments
    • A43C15/16—Studs or cleats for football or like boots
    • A43C15/162—Studs or cleats for football or like boots characterised by the shape
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/14—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form
    • A43B13/22—Soles made slip-preventing or wear-resisting, e.g. by impregnation or spreading a wear-resisting layer
    • A43B13/24—Soles made slip-preventing or wear-resisting, e.g. by impregnation or spreading a wear-resisting layer by use of insertions
    • A43B13/26—Soles made slip-preventing or wear-resisting, e.g. by impregnation or spreading a wear-resisting layer by use of insertions projecting beyond the sole surface
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B3/00—Footwear characterised by the shape or the use
    • A43B3/0036—Footwear characterised by the shape or the use characterised by a special shape or design
    • A43B3/0042—Footwear characterised by the shape or the use characterised by a special shape or design with circular or circle shaped parts

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an article of studded footwear for use in sport or in another activity wherein an enhanced grip is required for use on a natural or artificial penetrable surface such as grass, clay, particulate all-weather surfaces, Tartan (Registered Trade Mark) track surfaces, artificial turf such as "Astroturf” (Registered Trade Mark) and all comparable natural and artificial surfaces.
  • a natural or artificial penetrable surface such as grass, clay, particulate all-weather surfaces, Tartan (Registered Trade Mark) track surfaces, artificial turf such as "Astroturf” (Registered Trade Mark) and all comparable natural and artificial surfaces.
  • a natural or artificial penetrable surface such as grass, clay, particulate all-weather surfaces, Tartan (Registered Trade Mark) track surfaces, artificial turf such as "Astroturf” (Registered Trade Mark) and all comparable natural and artificial surfaces.
  • boot will be used to denote each and any article of footwear.
  • Conventional studded boots such as football boots, each have a sole from which project a number of fixed or removable studs.
  • the studs have been in the form of vertical (or steep) sided cylindrical, conical or frustro-conical bodies, or bodies which are made up of cylindrical and frustro-conical parts.
  • Known studded boots have had several disadvantages. Firstly, the number of studs has been limited, because the provision of a relatively large number of relatively closely-spaced studs simply encourages the build-up of a pad of surface material (such as mud and grass) between the studs, forming a platform which negates the effect of the studs.
  • Such studs have to be large enough to grip firmly in wet/muddy conditions and thus are often so long as to give an excessive grip in drier conditions which may occur at different times, or in different parts of a playing surface.
  • Such excessive grip can cause a wearer's boot to "lock" to a surface when a sudden turn is made or occurs and there is a possibility of injury from this circumstance.
  • a boot according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from US-A-4 392 312.
  • US 4392312 describes an alternative shoe having two different types of studs.
  • One type of stud comprises three partially overlapping frustro-conical stud parts.
  • the studs are generally arcuate in shape the longer faces of the studs are not "streamlined". Hence dirt accumulates in grooves in the longer faces of the stud.
  • the profile of the two longer faces is the same.
  • the present invention provides a boot having a plurality of studs for penetrating a penetrable surface, said studs depending from the base of the boot, the studs being in the form of an arcuate body having, when viewed in underneath plan, a first axis and a second axis transverse to the first axis, the body providing at each end of the first axis a ramp surface which leads in an inclined manner substantially from a surface of the boot base substantially to a crown surface of the stud body and the body having a barrier surface provided at one of the ends of the second axis, the stud being asymmetric about the first axis in the plane of the second axis, so that when the stud penetrates a penetrable surface, a force tending to cause movement of the stud along the second axis in one direction is resisted and said stud grips the surface, and a force tending to cause movement of the stud along the first axis is not substantially resisted, the stud performing movement relative
  • the ring can be circular or non-circular.
  • Each stud can be longer along its first axis than along its second axis.
  • the barrier surfaces can be a flat planar surface or can be slightly concave or convex.
  • The, or each, barrier surface of each stud can merge with its end ramp surfaces by smooth transition or at sharp edges.
  • the crown surface of each said stud can be a flat planar surface or can be a smooth, dome like surface and can merge smoothly or sharply with the ramp and barrier surfaces.
  • the first axis of the stud can be a straight line or can be a curbed line such as a fraction of a circle.
  • Each ramp surface can, when the stud is viewed along the first axis, have a concave part adjacent the base surface, the concave part being between the concave part and the stud crown surface.
  • the studs can be integral with the boot base, for example by being moulded therewith, or can be attached to the base by a screw-in or plug-and-socket arrangement.
  • a respective array of studs can be provided on a heel and sole portion of the boot base.
  • Fig.4 is an underneath plan view showing the base 10 of a preferred boot of the invention having a plurality of studs 11 arranged in a first array 12 on a sole 13 of the base 10 and a second array 14 on a heel 15 of the base 10.
  • the studs 11 are shown as being integrally formed with the base 10 as by moulding or comparable forming processes. However, it is possible that the studs 11 could be individually attachable to the base by fasteners or by a screw or plug-and-socket arrangement. This feature is not germane to the invention and is therefore not described in detail.
  • each stud 11 is in the form of a solid body 16 having a first axis A-A and a second axis B-B.
  • the second axis B-B can be at right angles to axis A-A but does not have to be so.
  • the body 16 has at each end of the axis A-A a ramp surface 17 leading from the base surface 18 to a crown surface 19 of the stud 11.
  • the ramp surface 17 is divided into a concave part 17 a adjacent surface 18 and a convex part 17 b adjacent the crown surface 19.
  • the stud 11 is longer along the first axis A-A than it is along second axis B-B.
  • the stud body 16 provides a steep barrier surface 20 on one side and a less-steep barrier surface 21 on its other side.
  • Barrier surface 20 can be flat in inverted plan view, slightly concave as shown, or slightly convex.
  • Barrier surface 21 will normally be convexly curved.
  • the ratio of the length of the stud 17 along axis A-A to the width along axis B-B is illustrated in Figs. 1 to 3 as being about 3:1. This ratio can vary from 1:1 to 10:1, but a range from 2:1 to 5:1 is preferred and gives a best balance between the conflicting needs of gripping power and intrinsic strength.
  • the ratio of the "height" of the stud 11, i.e. the vertical distance from surface 18 to the lowermost crown surface 19 of the stud 11, to the width of the stud at the level of surface 18 is illustrated as being about 1:1.3. However, variations from 1:0.7 up to 1:3 are possible. A preferred range is from 1:1 to 1:2.
  • the stud 11 presents a "streamlined" shape in each direction along axis A-A and upon being urged to travel along axis A-A whilst penetrating a surface will tend to slide easily through the surface creating a groove or channel therein. Contact between the faces of the stud during such travel will tend to wipe surface material from the stud during such travel, particularly surface material (such as mud or grass) which tends to accumulate adjacent barrier surfaces 20 and 21. These surfaces are thus kept clear of obstruction. When a force is applied to the stud 11 in a direction along the axis B-B, the steep barrier surfaces 20,21 act to cause the stud 11 to grip a surface firmly and militate against the wearer slipping.
  • Fig.4 shows how the plurality of studs 11 are arranged in the two arrays 12 and 14, one on the sole and the second on the heel of the boot 10.
  • the heel array 14 is of lesser importance as heel pivoting is relatively rare, and seldom causes injury.
  • Fig.4 shows how an array of studs on the sole is arranged in rings 22,23,24 (each as hereinbefore defined) surrounding a central area of the sole. Axes A-A of the studs 11 are aligned along the rings 22,23,24 with steeper surfaces 20 on the inside.
  • circular rings are shown but oval, elliptical or other shaped rings are possible.
  • Ring 22 is complete, ring 23 is substantially complete, but ring 24 is only partial.
  • the effect of the disposition of the studs in array 12 is to provide an improved tendency to allow the boot to pivot about a central part of the sole, whilst not impairing resistance to liner movement of the sole relative to a surface.
  • Figs. 5 and 6 illustrate a second possible shape of stud 26.
  • Stud 26 is a curved block or blade like form having planar ramp surfaces 27 at its ends. Longer axis A-A is curved.
  • Figs. 7 to 11 illustrate third and fourth studs 28 and 29, differing from stud 11 mainly in that their inner barrier surfaces 30,31 are planar and can slightly convex respectively.
  • Stud 28 is symmetrical along axis B-B as seen in Fig.11. Both have profiles on axis A-A as shown in Fig.9.
  • Fig.12 is comparable to Fig.4 but shows modified arrays 32,33 of studs on sole and heel.
  • Fig.13,14,14 a show a stud 36 whose general shape is comparable to that of Figs. 1 to 3, but whose ratio of length along A-A to width along B-B is about 1.5:1, and there is only one barrier surface 37.
  • This stud 36 is effective to grip only when moved in one direction along B-B.
  • Figs. 15 and 16 are sketches which illustrate an additional advantage of the array dispositions of the studs of this invention when the studs 38 are distinctly asymmetric on axis B-B (for example the studs of Figs. 1 to 3 and Figs. 13 to 14 a ).
  • the barrier surfaces 39 in these cases are on the inside of the rings.
  • a conventional boot 40 with steep sided studs 41 is shown in the act of being brought into contact with a surface 42 with a component of motion in the direction of arrow 43.
  • upstream studs 41 a may make first contact with and dig into the surface 42 and grip first, causing the boot to tilt about its upstream edge 44, leading to instability and possible injury.
  • a boot of the invention may have some but not all of its studs of shape corresponding to those described and illustrated.
  • studs on the boot sole may be in accordance with the invention, whereas heel studs may be of conventional form.
  • Many other variations are possible.
  • the stud of the present invention will allow of the use of a lighter, and more flexible sole material in the construction of this article of footwear finally, a possible variation of the profile of the ramp surface will provide for a corresponding variation in the resistance to rotation of the article in use.
  • Figs. 18 a and 18 b illustrate a construction wherein the size of the stud 45 can be varied by replacement of an upper part thereof to suit different playing surfaces and/or conditions and/or sports.
  • This variation of stud 45 has a base 46 integral with or secured to a shoe (not shown).
  • Base 46 has a central upstanding core 47 which can be accommodated with a recess 48 in a crown 49 whose shape is complementary to that of base 46 and fords therewith a stud of shape comparable to that in any of the earlier embodiments.
  • a pin 50 of plastics or like material passes through aligned holes in the crown 49 and core 47 to retain the crown 49.
  • the pin 50 can be an interference fit in the holes.
  • a small plier-like tool (not shown) can be used to insert and remove the pins when a stud needs to be removed or replaced. Studs can be replaced because of wear, or for replacement by higher or lower studs to suit different ground conditions.

Landscapes

  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
EP95909023A 1994-02-23 1995-02-22 Footwear Expired - Lifetime EP0744907B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9403420A GB9403420D0 (en) 1994-02-23 1994-02-23 Footwear
GB9403420 1994-02-23
PCT/GB1995/000362 WO1995022915A1 (en) 1994-02-23 1995-02-22 Footwear

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0744907A1 EP0744907A1 (en) 1996-12-04
EP0744907B1 true EP0744907B1 (en) 1999-06-16

Family

ID=10750780

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95909023A Expired - Lifetime EP0744907B1 (en) 1994-02-23 1995-02-22 Footwear

Country Status (12)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0744907B1 (ja)
JP (1) JPH09509347A (ja)
CN (1) CN1122469C (ja)
AT (1) ATE181216T1 (ja)
AU (1) AU679334B2 (ja)
BR (1) BR9506939A (ja)
CA (1) CA2183880A1 (ja)
DE (1) DE69510332T2 (ja)
ES (1) ES2135700T3 (ja)
GB (1) GB9403420D0 (ja)
MX (1) MX9603517A (ja)
WO (1) WO1995022915A1 (ja)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2341308B (en) 1998-09-14 2001-03-28 Mitre Sports Internat Ltd Sports footwear and studs therefor
US6499235B2 (en) 1999-12-06 2002-12-31 Adidas International B.V. Cleated footwear
GB0609808D0 (en) 2006-05-17 2006-06-28 Berghaus Ltd Footwear sole
CN102429372B (zh) * 2011-12-15 2014-12-17 双驰实业股份有限公司 一种溯溪鞋
US11259597B2 (en) 2015-08-31 2022-03-01 Ronald Frederick SCHUMANN Shoe sole

Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2001976A (en) * 1932-03-05 1935-05-21 John T Riddell Baseball shoe cleat
DE721701C (de) * 1939-10-28 1942-06-13 Josef Klein Auswechselbarer Sohlen- und Absatzschoner
US3127687A (en) * 1962-10-17 1964-04-07 Solomon C Hollister Athletic shoe
US3354561A (en) * 1965-01-28 1967-11-28 Bruce M Cameron Athletic shoe having rotatable cleat means
US4347674A (en) * 1980-04-08 1982-09-07 George Gary F Athletic shoe
USD272772S (en) * 1982-03-29 1984-02-28 Mizuno Corporation Cleated shoe sole
US4689901A (en) * 1984-10-19 1987-09-01 Frederick Ihlenburg Reduced torsion resistance athletic shoe sole
DE8712790U1 (de) * 1987-09-23 1987-11-05 Miers, David John, Bundoora, Victoria Schuhsohle
USD294655S (en) * 1986-01-21 1988-03-15 Genesco, Inc. Softball shoe sole
USD295231S (en) * 1985-12-30 1988-04-19 Genesco, Inc. Baseball shoe sole
US4748750A (en) * 1987-01-30 1988-06-07 George Gary F Cleated athletic shoe
US4914838A (en) * 1988-08-18 1990-04-10 Ringor Inc. Sport shoe with metatarsal cradle and drag toe
WO1991011929A1 (en) * 1990-02-16 1991-08-22 David John Miers Sports shoe sole

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2759654C3 (de) * 1977-04-22 1989-05-18 adidas Sportschuhfabriken Adi Dassler Stiftung & Co KG, 8522 Herzogenaurach Noppen-Laufsohle für Sportschuhe
US4392312A (en) * 1981-10-14 1983-07-12 Converse Inc. Outsole for athletic shoe
US4445286A (en) * 1981-10-19 1984-05-01 New Balance Athletic Shoe, Inc. Footwear, such as athletic shoe
CA2065289A1 (en) * 1989-09-15 1991-03-16 Michael L. Tanel Cleated sole for an athletic shoe

Patent Citations (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2001976A (en) * 1932-03-05 1935-05-21 John T Riddell Baseball shoe cleat
DE721701C (de) * 1939-10-28 1942-06-13 Josef Klein Auswechselbarer Sohlen- und Absatzschoner
US3127687A (en) * 1962-10-17 1964-04-07 Solomon C Hollister Athletic shoe
US3354561A (en) * 1965-01-28 1967-11-28 Bruce M Cameron Athletic shoe having rotatable cleat means
US4347674B1 (ja) * 1980-04-08 1988-05-03
US4347674A (en) * 1980-04-08 1982-09-07 George Gary F Athletic shoe
USD272772S (en) * 1982-03-29 1984-02-28 Mizuno Corporation Cleated shoe sole
US4689901A (en) * 1984-10-19 1987-09-01 Frederick Ihlenburg Reduced torsion resistance athletic shoe sole
USD295231S (en) * 1985-12-30 1988-04-19 Genesco, Inc. Baseball shoe sole
USD294655S (en) * 1986-01-21 1988-03-15 Genesco, Inc. Softball shoe sole
US4748750A (en) * 1987-01-30 1988-06-07 George Gary F Cleated athletic shoe
DE8712790U1 (de) * 1987-09-23 1987-11-05 Miers, David John, Bundoora, Victoria Schuhsohle
US4914838A (en) * 1988-08-18 1990-04-10 Ringor Inc. Sport shoe with metatarsal cradle and drag toe
WO1991011929A1 (en) * 1990-02-16 1991-08-22 David John Miers Sports shoe sole

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1995022915A1 (en) 1995-08-31
EP0744907A1 (en) 1996-12-04
CN1122469C (zh) 2003-10-01
CA2183880A1 (en) 1995-08-31
JPH09509347A (ja) 1997-09-22
AU1712895A (en) 1995-09-11
DE69510332T2 (de) 1999-11-25
BR9506939A (pt) 1997-09-09
MX9603517A (es) 1997-03-29
ES2135700T3 (es) 1999-11-01
CN1155832A (zh) 1997-07-30
DE69510332D1 (de) 1999-07-22
GB9403420D0 (en) 1994-04-13
AU679334B2 (en) 1997-06-26
ATE181216T1 (de) 1999-07-15

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