Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M159/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
  • C10M159/12—Reaction products
  • C10M159/20—Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products
  • C10M159/24—Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products containing sulfonic radicals

Definitions

• the present invention relates to colloidal products. of the hyperbasic sulfonate type and their use as additives for lubricants.
• the products of the invention can be defined in general by the fact that they consist of colloidal products comprising micelles of alkaline or alkaline-earth carbonate maintained in the colloidal state by a surfactant consisting of at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal alkyl or alkylarylsulfonate and further comprising, maintained in the colloidal state by the surfactant of the pre-existing micelle, a product containing calcium, phosphorus and sulfur resulting from the in situ reaction of calcium oxide or hydroxide with a phosphorus sulfide, in general tetraphosphorus decasulfide, and water.
• the structure of this product corresponds to that of at least one thiophosphate and / or at least one calcium polythiophosphate.
• alkali or alkaline earth alkylsulfonates or alkylarylsulfonates for example sodium, potassium, calcium or magnesium
• an alkaline or alkaline earth carbonate such than calcium, magnesium, sodium or potassium carbonate.
• alkylsulfonates and alkylarylsulfonates derive from the corresponding acids, which have been described in numerous documents, for example in FR - B-2 101813.
• the overbased alkyl or alkylarylsulfonates used can have a basicity reserve of 50 to approximately 500 or more (total basic index expressed in mg of potash per gram of product).
• the overbased alkali or alkaline earth metal alkyl or alkylarylsulfonate is in colloidal solution in a solvent which may consist of an aliphatic hydrocarbon (such as, for example, hexanes, heptanes or octanes); aromatic (such as toluene or xylenes); cycolaliphatic (such as, for example, cyclohexane); a chlorinated hydrocarbon (such as, for example, mono- or dichlorobenzene); or an ether (such as tetrahydrofuran for example).
• a solvent which may consist of an aliphatic hydrocarbon (such as, for example, hexanes, heptanes or octanes); aromatic (such as toluene or xylenes); cycolaliphatic (such as, for example, cyclohexane); a chlorinated hydrocarbon (such as, for example, mono- or dichlorobenzene
• a dilution oil consisting of a mineral or synthetic oil such as a lubricating oil, optionally with one of the solvents mentioned above.
• the reaction temperature can generally range from room temperature to 170 ° C, more particularly to the reflux temperature of the selected solvent.
• the products according to the invention can be obtained by the process as described above in the presence of an oil and then most often contain from 30 to 70% by mass of active material. They generally have a calcium content of up to 30% by mass; a sodium content of 5 to 30% by mass when the starting substrate is colloidal sodium carbonate; a phosphorus content of 0.5 to 10% by mass and a sulfur content of 1 to 20% by mass.
• the micelle core contains the starting alkaline or alkaline earth carbonate as well as an additional quantity of micellized calcium, phosphorus and sulfur compound, probably in the form of calcium thiophosphate.
• the thiophosphoric acid formed reacts preferentially with the added calcium oxide or hydroxide, without consuming the basic reserve of the alkali or alkaline earth carbonate already micellized.
• This reaction mode is confirmed by the analysis of the calcium content before and after the reaction, as well as by the determination of the total basic index, which is not affected by the reaction.
• the colloidal nature of the products of the invention is checked by dialysis through a latex membrane.
• the sulfur and / or phosphorus analyzes locate these elements in the fraction that has not dialyzed (concentrate), which constitutes the colloidal part of the additive.
• the colloidal products of the invention retain the well-known detergent properties of the overbased starting products from which they are derived.
• Antiwear and extreme pressure additives are incorporated in lubricants when they are intended to lubricate organs subjected to significant mechanical stresses, such as distribution in heat engines, gears, bearings and stops. Significant mechanical stresses also appear during the machining of metals, whether cutting or forming.
• colloidal products of the invention are endowed with great thermal stability, which authorizes their use in lubricants subjected in service at very high temperatures which can reach 200 ° C., as in certain severe motor casings, in heavily loaded transmissions or high speed metal cutting.
• the products of the invention as additives for lubricating oils and greases, they can be incorporated into them, for example at a concentration of 0.1 to 25% by mass, preferably from 1 to 15% by mass .
• Lubricating oils also generally contain one or more additives such as viscosity index additives, pour point lowering additives, antioxidants, rust inhibitors, anticorrosive additives for copper , detergents, antiwear, antifoam, dispersants, friction reducers, with which the products of the invention are compatible.
• additives such as viscosity index additives, pour point lowering additives, antioxidants, rust inhibitors, anticorrosive additives for copper , detergents, antiwear, antifoam, dispersants, friction reducers, with which the products of the invention are compatible.
• Example 1 to 5 the preparation of products according to the invention is carried out from colloidal substrates consisting of calcium or sodium alkylarylsulfonates called hyperbasic noted A, B and C, of which the alkaline reserve is essentially constituted calcium carbonate and sodium carbonate respectively.
• colloidal substrates consisting of calcium or sodium alkylarylsulfonates called hyperbasic noted A, B and C, of which the alkaline reserve is essentially constituted calcium carbonate and sodium carbonate respectively.
• Their characteristics are as follows: Substrate Alkaline reserve TBN (1) Active ingredient (2) (mass%) Oil (2) (mass%) Ca or Na (mass%) S (mass%) AT CaCO3 300 59 41 11.6 1.8 B CaCO3 500 61.8 38.2 18.6 1.3 VS Na2CO3 377 59.1 40.9 15.7 1.8 (1)
• Total basic index expressed in mg of potash per g of product (ASTM D 2896) (2) Determination by dialysis
• the products of Examples 1 to 6 are dialyzed in n-heptane through a latex membrane.
• the non-colloidal fraction (dilution oil) called dialysate dialysis through the membrane while the colloidal fraction called concentrate is retained inside it.
• the localization of calcium, sodium, phosphorus and sulfur in the fraction which has not been dialyzed confirms the colloidal nature of the products of the invention.
• the calcium concentration in the active ingredient is higher for each of the modified products than that of its precursor. This confirms the incorporation into the micelle of additional calcium from the dispersed lime present during the synthesis.
• Table 1 The results are collated in Table 1.
• Example 7 Evaluation of antiwear and extreme pressure performance
• the products of the invention prepared as described in examples 1 to 5 above are characterized by their antiwear and extreme pressure properties in a 130 Neutral solvent mineral oil at a concentration which makes it possible to adjust the concentration of active material to 7, 5% by mass.
• the characterization is carried out using a 4-ball machine according to the ASTM D2783 test.
• the results are collated in Table 2. Also included are the results obtained with the unmodified hyperbasic sulfonates A, B and C evaluated at the same concentration. Examination of the results confirms the best antiwear and extreme pressure performance of the products of the invention (products of examples 1 and 2 compared to A, examples 2 and 3 compared to B, example 5 compared to C).

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=9478380

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Cited By (2)

Families Citing this family (3)

Citations (3)

Family Cites Families (3)

• 1995
  • 1995-04-20 FR FR9504863A patent/FR2733165B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1996
  • 1996-03-26 EP EP96400631A patent/EP0738776A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1996-04-18 JP JP8096611A patent/JPH08295510A/ja not_active Withdrawn
  • 1996-04-19 US US08/634,821 patent/US5693597A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

Patent Citations (4)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events