EP0735323A2 - Glowplug - Google Patents

Glowplug Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0735323A2
EP0735323A2 EP96103902A EP96103902A EP0735323A2 EP 0735323 A2 EP0735323 A2 EP 0735323A2 EP 96103902 A EP96103902 A EP 96103902A EP 96103902 A EP96103902 A EP 96103902A EP 0735323 A2 EP0735323 A2 EP 0735323A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
glow
heating
coating
glow plug
heating element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP96103902A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0735323A3 (en
EP0735323B1 (en
Inventor
Gabriele Schmidt
Karl-Heinz Schmidt
Hans Delesky
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BorgWarner Ludwigsburg GmbH
Original Assignee
BERU Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG
Beru AG
Beru Werk Albert Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BERU Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG, Beru AG, Beru Werk Albert Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG filed Critical BERU Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0735323A2 publication Critical patent/EP0735323A2/en
Publication of EP0735323A3 publication Critical patent/EP0735323A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0735323B1 publication Critical patent/EP0735323B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P19/00—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a glow plug according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a glow plug which is known for example from DE-OS 41 33 338, can be designed in the form of a rod glow plug and is used, for. B. as a starting aid for an air-compressing internal combustion engine.
  • Glow plugs are also used to support ignition in heaters.
  • the object underlying the invention is therefore to create a glow plug of the type mentioned which has a short heating-up time and a long service life.
  • the coating provided according to the invention acts as surface protection for the glow tube, so that its wall thickness can be reduced considerably.
  • the resultant lower mass results in the glow plug according to the invention having a short heating-up time, i.e. H. rapid heating shows, whereby a faster readiness to start can be achieved in diesel vehicles whose machine is equipped with such glow plugs.
  • the extremely fast heating-up time is achieved without affecting the life of the glow plug.
  • the design according to the invention also has the advantage that scaling of the material of the glow tube is avoided with the short heating times achieved, long afterglow and high temperatures, which makes it possible to use glow tubes made of one material, which is associated with low costs.
  • a cost saving also results from the fact that the glow tube can have smaller tube wall thicknesses.
  • the coating provided in accordance with the invention also increases the glow tube surface area due to the porosity and thus improves the heat radiation. This results in a more uniform temperature distribution and better processing of the fuel particles that hit it.
  • the single figure shows the embodiment of the invention Glow plug in an axial partial sectional view.
  • the embodiment of the glow plug according to the invention shown in the drawing comprises a housing in which a heating rod 1 is arranged, which consists of an inner pole 2 for connection to the electrical power supply and a glow tube 5, in which a heating element 3 is arranged, which has the inner pole 2 is electrically connected.
  • the glow tube 5 has at least in the area in which the heating element 3 is provided, in particular at its tip, a coating 6 made of a material selected from a group of materials, the NiCrAlY, CoCrAlY, CoNiCrAlY, NiCrAl, NiCr, NiCrFe and NiCrWCo includes.
  • This protective coating can consist, for example, of Ni 22Cr 10Al 1Y.
  • the coating 6, which is applied directly to the glow tube 5, has a thickness between 10 and 50 ⁇ m, in particular between 20 and 30 ⁇ m.
  • the glow tube 5 can consist of the alloys conventionally used hitherto, such as Inconel 600 or 601, but with a low wall thickness over its entire length or at its tip, or of another, in particular less expensive, alloy.
  • a suitable heating rod or glow tube shape is provided with a geometry in which edges, corners and sharp transitions are avoided and rounded.
  • R1 denotes a place where there is no coating.
  • the entire heating rod tip has a radius of about 1 - 5 mm between R1 and R2.
  • the radius R3 is approximately 3 to 5 mm.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Finger-Pressure Massage (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal Substances (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
  • Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
  • Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)

Abstract

The glow plug has a heating rod with an inner pole (2) and an outer glow sleeve (5), incorporating a heating element (3), electrically coupled to the inner pole. The glow sleeve is provided with a protective coating (6) at least in the vicinity of its end in which the heating element is incorporated. The protective coating is selected from a material group comprising NiCrAlY, CoCrAlY, CoNiAlY, NiCrAl, NiCr, NiCrFe and NiCrWCo.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Glühkerze nach dem Gattungsbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a glow plug according to the preamble of claim 1.

Eine derartige Glühkerze, die beispielsweise aus der DE-OS 41 33 338 bekannt ist, kann in Form einer Stabglühkerze ausgebildet sein und dient z. B. als Starthilfe für eine luftverdichtende Brennkraftmaschine.Such a glow plug, which is known for example from DE-OS 41 33 338, can be designed in the form of a rod glow plug and is used, for. B. as a starting aid for an air-compressing internal combustion engine.

Glühkerzen werden darüber hinaus auch zur Zündungsunterstützung bei Heizgeräten eingesetzt.Glow plugs are also used to support ignition in heaters.

Das Problem bei den bisher üblichen bekannten Glühkerzen dieser Art besteht darin, daß sie den künftigen Anforderungen an eine kurze Aufheizzeit nicht genügen, oder aber die Verkürzung der Aufheizzeit mit einer Verringerung der Lebensdauer der Glühkerze erkauft werden muß.The problem with the previously known glow plugs of this type is that they do not meet the future requirements for a short heating-up time, or the shortening of the heating-up time with a reduction in the life of the glow plug must be bought.

Die der Erfindung zugrundliegende Aufgabe besteht daher drin, eine Glühkerze der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, die eine kurze Aufheizzeit und eine lange Lebensdauer hat.The object underlying the invention is therefore to create a glow plug of the type mentioned which has a short heating-up time and a long service life.

Diese Aufgabe wird gemäß der Erfindung durch die Ausbildung gelöst, die im Kennzeichen des Patentanspruchs 1 angegeben ist.This object is achieved according to the invention by the training specified in the characterizing part of patent claim 1.

Die gemäß der Erfindung vorgesehene Beschichtung wirkt als Oberflächenschutz des Glührohres, so daß dessen Wandstärke erheblich verringert werden kann. Die dadurch erzielte geringere Masse hat zur Folge, daß die erfindungsgemäße Glühkerze eine kurze Aufheizzeit, d. h. eine schnelle Aufheizung zeigt, wodurch eine schnellere Startbereitschaft bei Dieselfahrzeugen erreicht werden kann, deren Maschine mit derartigen Glühkerzen ausgerüstet ist. Dabei wird die extrem schnelle Aufheizzeit ohne Beeinträchtigung der Lebensdauer der Glühkerze erzielt.The coating provided according to the invention acts as surface protection for the glow tube, so that its wall thickness can be reduced considerably. The resultant lower mass results in the glow plug according to the invention having a short heating-up time, i.e. H. rapid heating shows, whereby a faster readiness to start can be achieved in diesel vehicles whose machine is equipped with such glow plugs. The extremely fast heating-up time is achieved without affecting the life of the glow plug.

Die erfindungsgemäße Ausbildung hat weiterhin den Vorteil, daR ein Abzundern des Materials des Glührohrs bei den erzielten kurzen Aufheizzeiten, einem langen Nachglühen und hohen Temperaturen vermieden wird, wodurch der Einsatz von Glührohren aus einem Material möglich wird, was mit geringen Kosten verbunden ist. Eine Kostenersparnis ergibt sich darüber hinaus dadurch, daß das Glührohr geringere Rohrwandstärken haben kann.The design according to the invention also has the advantage that scaling of the material of the glow tube is avoided with the short heating times achieved, long afterglow and high temperatures, which makes it possible to use glow tubes made of one material, which is associated with low costs. A cost saving also results from the fact that the glow tube can have smaller tube wall thicknesses.

Durch die gemäß der Erfindung vorgesehene Beschichtung wird darüber hinaus durch die Porosität die Glührohroberfläche vergrößert und damit die Wärmeabstrahlung verbessert. Es ergibt sich eine gleichmäßigere Temperaturverteilung und eine bessere Aufbereitung der auftreffenden Kraftstoffteilchen.The coating provided in accordance with the invention also increases the glow tube surface area due to the porosity and thus improves the heat radiation. This results in a more uniform temperature distribution and better processing of the fuel particles that hit it.

Besonders bevorzugte Weiterbildungen und Ausgestaltungen der erfindungsgemäßen Glühkerze sind Gegenstand der Ansprüche 2 und 3.Particularly preferred developments and refinements of the glow plug according to the invention are the subject of claims 2 and 3.

Im folgenden wird anhand der zugehörigen Zeichnung ein besonders bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung näher beschrieben.A particularly preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention is described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawing.

Die einzige Figur zeigt das Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Glühkerze in einer axialen Teilschnittansicht.The single figure shows the embodiment of the invention Glow plug in an axial partial sectional view.

Das in der Zeichnung dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Glühkerze umfaßt ein Gehäuse, in dem ein Heizstab 1 angeordnet ist, der aus einem Innenpol 2 zum Anschluß an die elektrische Energieversorgung und einem Glührohr 5 besteht, in dem ein Heizelement 3 angeordnet ist, das mit dem Innenpol 2 elektrisch verbunden ist. Das Heizelement 3, das aus einer Heiz- und einer Regelwendel bestehen kann, von denen die Regelwendel mit dem Innenpol 2 verbunden ist, ist in eine MgO-Füllung 4 im Glührohr 5 eingebettet.The embodiment of the glow plug according to the invention shown in the drawing comprises a housing in which a heating rod 1 is arranged, which consists of an inner pole 2 for connection to the electrical power supply and a glow tube 5, in which a heating element 3 is arranged, which has the inner pole 2 is electrically connected. The heating element 3, which can consist of a heating coil and a control coil, of which the control coil is connected to the inner pole 2, is embedded in an MgO filling 4 in the glow tube 5.

Das Glührohr 5 weist wenigstens in dem Bereich, in dem das Heizelement 3 vorgesehen ist, insbesondere an seiner Spitze eine Beschichtung 6 aus einem Material auf, das aus einer Materialgruppe gewählt ist, die NiCrAlY, CoCrAlY, CoNiCrAlY, NiCrAl, NiCr, NiCrFe und NiCrWCo umfaßt. Diese Schutzbeschichtung kann beispielsweise aus Ni 22Cr 10Al 1Y bestehen.The glow tube 5 has at least in the area in which the heating element 3 is provided, in particular at its tip, a coating 6 made of a material selected from a group of materials, the NiCrAlY, CoCrAlY, CoNiCrAlY, NiCrAl, NiCr, NiCrFe and NiCrWCo includes. This protective coating can consist, for example, of Ni 22Cr 10Al 1Y.

Die Beschichtung 6, die direkt auf das Glührohr 5 aufgebracht ist, hat eine Dicke zwischen 10 und 50 µm, insbesondere zwischen 20 und 30 µm.The coating 6, which is applied directly to the glow tube 5, has a thickness between 10 and 50 μm, in particular between 20 and 30 μm.

Bei einer derartigen Ausbildung kann das Glührohr 5 aus den bisher üblicherweise verwendeten Legierungen, wie beispielsweise Inconel 600 oder 601, allerdings mit einer niedrigen Wandstärke über seine gesamte Länge oder an seiner Spitze oder aus einer anderen insbesondere kostengünstigeren Legierung bestehen.With such a configuration, the glow tube 5 can consist of the alloys conventionally used hitherto, such as Inconel 600 or 601, but with a low wall thickness over its entire length or at its tip, or of another, in particular less expensive, alloy.

Bei einer dünneren Wandung des Glührohres 5 wird eine schnellere Wärmeübertragung vom Heizelement 3 zur Glührohroberfläche erreicht, wobei durch die Beschichtung das Glührohr 5 vor einer Verzunderung geschützt ist.With a thinner wall of the glow tube 5, a faster heat transfer from the heating element 3 to the glow tube surface is achieved, the glow tube 5 being protected from scaling by the coating.

Um eine ausreichende Haftung der Beschichtung über die gesamte Lebensdauer der Glühkerze sicherzustellen, ist eine geeignete Heizstab- oder Glührohrform mit einer Geometrie vorgesehen, bei der Kanten, Ecken und scharfe Übergänge vermieden und abgerundet sind. In der Zeichnung bezeichnet R1 eine Stelle, an der keine Beschichtung vorhanden ist. Bei einer Beschichtung der ganzen Heizstabspitze ist zwischen R1 und R2 ein Radius von etwa 1 - 5 mm vorgesehen. Der Radius R3 beträgt demgegenüber etwa 3 bis 5 mm.In order to ensure sufficient adhesion of the coating over the entire life of the glow plug, a suitable heating rod or glow tube shape is provided with a geometry in which edges, corners and sharp transitions are avoided and rounded. In the drawing, R1 denotes a place where there is no coating. With a coating the entire heating rod tip has a radius of about 1 - 5 mm between R1 and R2. In contrast, the radius R3 is approximately 3 to 5 mm.

Aufgrund der möglichen geringeren Rohrwandstärke des Glührohres 5 und dem erzielten gleichbleibenden Aufheizverhalten kann der Energiebedarf der Glühkerze erheblich gesenkt werden, was das Heizelement 3 schont. Dabei sind niedrigere Heizstabendtemperaturen aufgrund der erzielten größeren Oberfläche möglich und ergibt sich eine Annäherung an Keramikkerzen.Due to the possible lower tube wall thickness of the glow tube 5 and the constant heating behavior achieved, the energy requirement of the glow plug can be significantly reduced, which protects the heating element 3. Lower heating rod end temperatures are possible due to the larger surface area achieved and there is an approximation to ceramic candles.

Claims (3)

Glühkerze mit einem Heizstab aus einem Innenpol und einem Glührrohr, in dem ein Heizelement angeordnet ist, das mit dem Innenpol elektrisch verbunden ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Glührohr wenigstens in dem Bereich, in dem das Heizelement angeordnet ist, mit einer Beschichtung aus einem Material versehen ist, das aus einer Materialgruppe gewählt ist, die NiCrAlY, CoCrAlY, CoNiCrAlY, NiCrAl, NiCr, NiCrFe und NiCrWCo umfaßt.Glow plug with a heating rod consisting of an inner pole and a glow tube, in which a heating element is arranged, which is electrically connected to the inner pole, characterized in that the glow tube at least in the area in which the heating element is arranged, with a coating of a material is provided, which is selected from a group of materials comprising NiCrAlY, CoCrAlY, CoNiCrAlY, NiCrAl, NiCr, NiCrFe and NiCrWCo. Glühkerze nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Dicke der Beschichtung 10 bis 50 µm beträgt.Glow plug according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the coating is 10 to 50 µm. Glühkerze nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Dicke der Beschichtung 20 bis 30µm beträgt.Glow plug according to claim 2, characterized in that the thickness of the coating is 20 to 30 µm.
EP96103902A 1995-03-28 1996-03-12 Glowplug Expired - Lifetime EP0735323B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19511376A DE19511376A1 (en) 1995-03-28 1995-03-28 Glow plug
DE19511376 1995-03-28

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0735323A2 true EP0735323A2 (en) 1996-10-02
EP0735323A3 EP0735323A3 (en) 1998-02-18
EP0735323B1 EP0735323B1 (en) 2003-02-05

Family

ID=7757971

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96103902A Expired - Lifetime EP0735323B1 (en) 1995-03-28 1996-03-12 Glowplug

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US5626781A (en)
EP (1) EP0735323B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH08278027A (en)
KR (1) KR100416730B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE232286T1 (en)
BR (1) BR9601148A (en)
DE (2) DE19511376A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2188683T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6076493A (en) * 1998-10-26 2000-06-20 Caterpillar Inc. Glow plug shield with thermal barrier coating and ignition catalyst
DE19920766C1 (en) * 1999-05-05 2000-12-21 Beru Ag Glow plug and method of making the same
US6285007B1 (en) * 1999-08-18 2001-09-04 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Ion sensor glow plug assembly
US6215105B1 (en) * 1999-08-18 2001-04-10 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Ion sensor glow plug assembly with coating between sheath and shell
US6465759B1 (en) * 2000-03-14 2002-10-15 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Ion sensor glow plug assembly
US6512204B1 (en) * 2000-03-14 2003-01-28 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Ion sensor glow plug assembly
DE102005024622B4 (en) * 2005-05-30 2007-10-04 Beru Ag glow plug
US8869739B2 (en) 2011-10-28 2014-10-28 General Electric Company Wheel coating method and apparatus for a turbine
JP6996848B2 (en) * 2017-02-03 2022-01-17 日本特殊陶業株式会社 Glow plug

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6022075A (en) * 1983-07-16 1985-02-04 Toyota Motor Corp Sub-combustion chamber type diesel engine
DE8815005U1 (en) * 1988-12-02 1990-03-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Glow plug for internal combustion engines
DE9315442U1 (en) * 1993-10-12 1993-12-23 Beru Ruprecht Gmbh & Co Kg, 71636 Ludwigsburg Glow plug

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB927336A (en) * 1960-10-14 1963-05-29 Wilkinson Sword Ltd Improvements in or relating to igniting devices
JPS57155025A (en) * 1981-03-20 1982-09-25 Hitachi Ltd Quick heating type glow plug for diesel engine
JPS58123025A (en) * 1982-01-18 1983-07-22 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd Sheathed glow plug
JPS58150715A (en) * 1982-03-02 1983-09-07 Nippon Denso Co Ltd Preheating plug of diesel engine
JPS59167735A (en) * 1983-03-14 1984-09-21 Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd Kana-kanji converting device
US4746896A (en) * 1986-05-08 1988-05-24 North American Philips Corp. Layered film resistor with high resistance and high stability
JPH04263702A (en) * 1991-02-18 1992-09-18 Hino Motors Ltd Glow plug
JPH04288410A (en) * 1991-03-15 1992-10-13 Hino Motors Ltd Glow plug for methanol engine

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6022075A (en) * 1983-07-16 1985-02-04 Toyota Motor Corp Sub-combustion chamber type diesel engine
DE8815005U1 (en) * 1988-12-02 1990-03-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Glow plug for internal combustion engines
DE9315442U1 (en) * 1993-10-12 1993-12-23 Beru Ruprecht Gmbh & Co Kg, 71636 Ludwigsburg Glow plug

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 009, no. 142 (M-388), 18.Juni 1985 & JP 60 022075 A (TOYOTA JIDOSHA KK), 4.Februar 1985, *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19511376A1 (en) 1996-10-02
KR960034719A (en) 1996-10-24
BR9601148A (en) 1998-01-06
EP0735323A3 (en) 1998-02-18
DE59610102D1 (en) 2003-03-13
EP0735323B1 (en) 2003-02-05
KR100416730B1 (en) 2004-04-17
JPH08278027A (en) 1996-10-22
ES2188683T3 (en) 2003-07-01
US5626781A (en) 1997-05-06
ATE232286T1 (en) 2003-02-15

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