EP0727527B1 - Sweeping device for utility vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The sweeper (1) has a motor-driven rotary brush (2), and a motor-driven conveyor worm (4) in front of it. The rotary brush has an initial diameter (D1) of approx. 30-100 cm, and a bristle length of approx. 10-40 cm. It is driven at such a speed, that it generates an air flow between itself and the take-in aperture (45) of a sweepings collection container (3/38). The container is simultaneously formed as conveyor and flow channel, and the air flow extends to its discharge aperture. The conveyor worm consists of a radial metal plate helix around a central cylindrical hollow. It is enclosed via a small relative distance by a cylindrical jacket pipe (38), which is closed at one end. The take-in aperture extends across at least 1/5 of the jacket pipe circumference.

Description

The invention relates to a sweeper for work vehicles for cleaning traffic areas with a motor-driven rotating bristle roller, the is covered on the top by a protective housing, and with one arranged directly in front of it in the direction of travel Conveyor consisting of a parallel to the Sweeper roller conveyor, which also motor-driven in one with a rear, insertion opening extending over the length of the bristle roller and at the screw end with an outlet opening provided waste collection housing is arranged, wherein the dirt hopper housing below its opening a baffle directed diagonally downwards with a has flexible bottom bar and a between the Protective housing of the sweeping roller and the dirt collector existing gap is closed by a cover.

It is already a snow plow for trucks known (DE 40 22 390 A), in which between the ploughshare and one running parallel to it, motorized driven sweeping roller in a dirt hopper housing a screw conveyor is arranged, which the collected Conveying sweepings sideways to the outside. The screw conveyor is located in a trough, the in cross-section semicircular wall immediately the rear of the snow plow above the screw axis begins and on an approximately diametrically opposite End edge ends. At this end edge is a baffle directed diagonally downwards with a flexible Baseboard attached. The dirt hopper housing, the lower part of which is formed by the conveyor trough also one on the back of the snow plow from the Conveyor trough outgoing, diagonally upward Baffle that ends at an upper cover plate that from the screw conveyor has a vertical distance that corresponds to approximately half the diameter of the screw conveyor and that on a top cover of the sweeper roller lies on.

This sweeper is only in combination with the pre-built snow plow can be used when working always takes an incline to the direction of travel. It is also attached to the snow plow so that it always located in parallel to this. For this Basically, the sweeper is also set up so that your screw conveyor either one way or the other Can promote direction, the two of the collecting housing load-bearing side walls each with outlet openings for that from the screw conveyor to the set one Have swept goods transported on the delivery side.

With the help of this sweeping device, the so-called black room of winter roads are made possible, whereby the sweeper has the task of snow plow not recorded snow remnants and on the same To promote side like the inclined snow plow.

In the operation of these known sweepers Sweeper roller driven at a relatively low speed, depending on the roller diameter between 150 rpm and 250 rpm, so on the one hand the bristles of the sweeping roller are not subject to excessive wear on the other hand, the speed of rotation is sufficient to the debris caught by the sweeper roller into the conveyor trough to throw the screw conveyor.

Because the trough is open on both ends, so that the sweepings picked up optionally according to one or other side can be transported is at this known sweeping device to ensure that a, albeit weak, air flow through the Rotation of the sweeping roller arises, none from the side Collector housing generated airflow generated. Such a Air flow is also avoided in particular by that the collecting housing above the screw conveyor has relatively large cavity and in that the Working speed of the screw conveyor kept relatively low becomes. The low speed of the screw conveyor is but synonymous with a relatively low work rate or with a reduction in the way the Sweeper roller for purely mechanical loosening, picking up and Throwing the debris into the area of the conveyor trough or screw conveyor. When using the Sweeping device Driving speeds of up to 3 km / h up to 7 km / h usual.

The invention has for its object the mode of operation and sweeping performance of a sweeper of the entry mentioned type to improve such that in particular higher driving speeds of that with the sweeper equipped work vehicle, if necessary in combination with an upstream coulter, e.g. one Snow plow or the like, both dirty when cleaning Traffic areas as well as liberating wintry Roads or other traffic areas completely covered by snow clean surfaces can be achieved.

This object is achieved in that which have an initial diameter of about 30 cm to 100 cm and an initial bristle length of about 10 cm to 40 cm bristle roller with such a rotational speed is driven in that between you and the opening of the dirt hopper lying area creates an airflow that is in which is also designed as a conveyor bowl and flow channel Debris collection housing up to its outlet opening continues.

Through the achievement of the object according to the invention the operation of the roller brush is an additional aerodynamic component expanded in the between the sweeping mirror of the sweeper roller and the bottom bar of the collecting housing lying section of each treated traffic area the effect of a blower unfolded by what loose debris, even before using it comes into contact with the bristles of the roller brush Blown housing and from there on prevailing air flow taken to the outlet opening becomes. Debris with a larger grain size or a higher specific Weight, such as grit, fine gravel, sand or the like, will be somewhere in the area of the screw conveyor deposit inside the sump to get away from the screw conveyor to be conveyed to the outlet opening while fine-grained, light debris directly to the outlet opening is blown.

The provided according to subclaims 2 to 10 Refinements of the invention serve to optimize the Work result and achieving one if possible lightweight construction.

Fig. 1

eine mit einem wahlweise vorgebauten Schneepflug versehene Kehrvorrichtung in Seitenansicht;

Fig. 2

eine teilweise geschnittene Seitenansicht der Kehrvorrichtung ohne Schneepflug und ohne Tragvorrichtung;

Fig. 3

die antriebsseitige Seitenansicht des Kehrgutauffanggehäuses mit dessen Tragrahmen;

Fig. 4

die ausgabeseitige Seitenansicht des Kehrgutauffanggehäuses;

Fig. 5

in vergrößertem Maßstab eine Schnittansicht des Kehrgutauffanggehäuses mit der darin angeordneten Förderschnecke;

Fig. 6

in teilweise aufgeschnittener parallel-perspektivicher Darstellung das Auffanggehäuse mit der darin befindlichen Förderschnecke;

Fig. 7

eine Frontansicht der Förderschnecke in verkürzter Darstellung;

Fig. 8

einen Schnitt VIII-VIII aus Fig. 7;

Fig. 9

einen Schnitt IX-IX aus Fig. 7;

Fig. 10

einen Schnitt X-X aus Fig. 9;

Fig. 11

eine Kreuzverbindung der in der Förderschnecke angeordneten Stabilisierungsstäbe in perspektivischer Darstellung.

An exemplary embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. It shows:

Fig. 1

a side view of an optionally pre-assembled snow plow;

Fig. 2

a partially sectioned side view of the sweeper without snow plow and without a carrying device;

Fig. 3

the drive side view of the dirt hopper housing with its support frame;

Fig. 4

the output side view of the dirt hopper housing;

Fig. 5

on a larger scale a sectional view of the dirt hopper housing with the screw conveyor arranged therein;

Fig. 6

in a partially cut-away parallel perspective view, the collecting housing with the screw conveyor located therein;

Fig. 7

a front view of the screw conveyor in a shortened view;

Fig. 8

a section VIII-VIII of Fig. 7;

Fig. 9

a section IX-IX of Fig. 7;

Fig. 10

a section XX of Fig. 9;

Fig. 11

a cross-connection of the stabilizing rods arranged in the screw conveyor in a perspective view.

The sweeping device 1 shown in the drawing consists of a motor driven rotating Bristle roller 2 and one in a dirt collector housing 3 Conveyor screw arranged in parallel to the bristle roller 2 4, which is also driven by a motor.

The bristle roller 2 and the debris collecting housing 3 with the screw conveyor 4 rotatably mounted therein are jointly fastened to a support frame 5 which is fastened in a vertically movable manner to a vertical support frame 7 of the front mounting plate 8 of a work vehicle 9 by means of a support device 6. The bristle roller 2 is located directly behind the screw conveyor 4 in relation to the direction of travel indicated by the arrow 25. The carrying device 6 consists of two pairs of parallel links 10 and 11 which are each articulated on the one hand on the supporting frame 5 and on the other hand on the supporting frame 7. Using a hydraulic lifting cylinder 12, the sweeping device 1 can be lifted from the working position shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 into a transport position. In the working position shown in FIG. 2, the bristle roller lies in the area of a so-called sweeping mirror 24 on a traffic area 52, the width S of which, depending on the setting that can be selected, can be approximately 10 cm to 25 cm. Both the bristle roller 2 and the screw conveyor 4 are driven in the exemplary embodiment from the work vehicle via a coupling shaft 13 coupled to the PTO shaft of 9 and a transfer gear (not shown) as well as via two separate belt gears 14 and 15 which are arranged on the same end face.
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a snow plow 17 is additionally arranged on the front of the support frame 5, which is usually provided with two wheels 16, which is also connected to the support frame 5 in a height-adjustable manner by means of two parallel link pairs 18 and 19 and by means of an obliquely articulated hydraulic cylinder 20 in the vertical direction separately, ie relative to the support frame 5, can be adjusted. Instead of a snow plow 17, a low ploughshare for clearing away coarse debris, e.g. B. of larger stones, boulders, chunks of ice or the like. Application.

As shown in Fig. 2, the sweeper can also without a ploughshare or scraper bar for cleaning e.g. roads contaminated by construction vehicles become. It can even be assumed that this type of application which will be predominant.

The bristle roller 2 and the screw conveyor 4 rotatably mounted in the dirt collector housing 3 are arranged parallel to one another so that their axes run transversely to the direction of travel 25 of the work vehicle 9. Their approximately equal axial length is dimensioned such that they extend at least across the width of the work vehicle. Depending on the application, their axial length can be one meter to four meters or more. Approx. 2.5 m are common for street cleaning.
In a preferred embodiment, the bristle roller has an initial diameter D1 of approximately 60 cm with a bristle length of approximately 20 cm. The screw conveyor 4, which consists of a radial sheet metal spiral 23 wound around a central, quasi-cylindrical cavity 23, is provided with a diameter D2 of 45 cm, the diameter D3 of the quasi-cylindrical cavity of the sheet metal coil 23 being approximately 16 cm. The screw diameter D2 thus corresponds to three quarters of the bristle roller diameter D1. The screw diameter should not be smaller. Larger screw diameters enable greater conveying capacities or a higher throughput, however at the cost of a weight saving. With the bristle roller size given here, a ratio D1: D2 = 1: 1 would be considered optimal.
Basically, however, bristle rollers 2 with an initial diameter D1 of about 30 cm to 100 cm and with initial bristle lengths of 10 cm to 40 cm can also be used.

For radial stabilization of the sheet metal coil 23 against Sagging is four axial in the cylindrical cavity 22 Stabilizing bars 26 arranged by several radial bars 27 and 28 welded crosswise connected in pairs and crosswise are. These stabilizing bars 26 end on the drive side End section of the screw conveyor 4 on a radial Clutch disc 29, with which they are individually welded while the opposite ends of the stabilizing bars 26 on the circumference of two in a short axial distance radial bearing disks 30 arranged from one another and 31 are attached which have a central journal 32 wear. Between the clutch disc 29 and a radial, circular end plate 33 is a coaxial tube piece 34 arranged in which a not shown Gearbox clutch is housed, which rotates with the Clutch disc 29 is connected and via which the screw conveyor 4 driven by the belt transmission 15 becomes.

The sheet metal coil 23 is welded on the one hand to the pipe section 34 and on the other hand several times to the stabilizing bars 26, as a result of which it obtains sufficient dimensional stability over its entire length.
Between the clutch disk 29 and the bearing disk 30 arranged at the other end of the screw conveyor, the quasi-cylindrical cavity 22, which the sheet metal coil 23 surrounds, is only interrupted by the stabilizing bars 26 and the radial bars 27 and 28, the cross sections of which are so small that they are one oppose airflow flowing through this cavity with little resistance.

The dirt collector housing 3 consists of a cylindrical cladding tube 38 which is surrounded by a polygonal sheet metal wall 39. This cladding tube 38 surrounds the screw conveyor 4 at a small radial distance, which can be only a few mm. On the drive end face, this cladding tube 38 is completely closed except for a central passage opening for the drive elements by an end wall 40. An end wall 41 is also provided on the opposite end face, but this has an outlet opening 42 which extends over a center angle a of approximately 240 ° to 250 ° and through which the screw conveyor 4 conveys the collected debris to the outside. In any case, this outlet opening 42 should have a size which corresponds to at least half the cross-sectional area of the dirt-collecting housing 3/38.
In the remaining wall segment 43 there is the roller bearing 44 of the screw conveyor 4 receiving the journal 32. The end walls 40 and 41 (FIGS. 3 and 4) are each provided with triangular extensions 40 'and 41', which are at the level of an insertion opening 45 of the dirt collector housing 3 and the cladding tube 38 are arranged and directed against the lower region of the bristle roller 2 and largely close the space between the bristle roller 2 and the insertion opening 45 on the end face.

The insertion opening 45 of the cladding tube 38 has a vertical dimension H, which corresponds approximately to the initial bristle length of the bristle roller 2 and is therefore approximately 20 to 25 cm in the dimensions specified, for example. The lower axially parallel boundary edge 46 of the insertion opening 45 lies at the lowest point of the cladding tube 38, a short wall section 46 'lying between the lower boundary edge 46 and the vertical plane 48' of the screw axis 48 running horizontally. The upper, likewise axially parallel boundary edge 47 lies approximately at the level of the screw conveyor axis 48. The insertion opening 45 thus extends approximately over a quarter of the envelope tube circumference, the minimum width of the insertion opening 45 corresponding to approximately one fifth of the envelope tube circumference for reasons of flow technology.
Adjoining the lower boundary edge 46 of the insertion opening 45 is a baffle 50 which runs obliquely downwards against the bristle roller 2 and which is provided with a flexible base strip 51. This bottom bar 51 generally consists of a rubber plate which rests on the traffic surface 52 to be cleaned in the working position of the sweeping device.

The bristles 55 of the bristle roller 2 are each arranged radially in a tight arrangement, evenly distributed over the circumference and over the length, on a central shaft, which is not visible in the drawing, and are enclosed on the upper side by a hood-like protective housing 56, which is approximately on the back of an end edge 57 ends at the level of the bristle roller axis 58, while the opposite end edge 59 of the protective housing 56 on the side facing the screw conveyor 4 lies about half the radius of the bristle roller 2 above the bristle roller axis 58.
As can be seen from FIG. 2, there is a gap 60 between this upper end edge 59 of the protective housing 56 and the debris collecting housing 3, which is closed by an arcuate cover 61, which is preferably made of a rubber plate. This cover 61 is fastened to an obliquely downwardly extending wall section 62 of the protective housing 56 and, with its loose end section 62, rests elastically on a section 63, likewise obliquely downward, of the sheet metal wall 39 surrounding the cladding tube 38. This elastic cover 61 extends over the entire length of the housing and prevents debris from being thrown upwards through the gap 60. At the same time, it also prevents the air flow generated by the bristle roller 2 from escaping vertically at this point.

The elasticity of this cover 61 is required because the bristle roller 2 with its protective housing 56 relative to the screw conveyor 4 and its dirt hopper housing 3 must be vertically adjustable to the wear-related Reduce the bristle length to take into account can.

Not just a mechanical sweeping action of the bristle roller to achieve but also to achieve that loose, fine-grained, light or dusty Debris that is in small depressions on the road surface is also recorded and in the Kehrgutauffanggehäuse 3 is transported, the works Bristle roller 2 with such a rotational speed that in the between her and the opening 45 of the Debris collection housing 3/38 lying area in Fig. 2 indicated by a bevy of directional arrows Airflow generated, which is also in the trough and serving as a flow channel dirt hopper housing 3/38 to its lateral outlet opening 42 channeled continues. Such a speed of rotation is about between one given the circumstances Threshold of 380 rpm and a maximum of about 1500 rpm, each within this speed range according to driving speed and type of the to be eliminated Contamination of the traffic area 52 to be cleaned varies can be. A standard speed for the most common use cases is around 550 rpm. Also the driving speed of the work vehicle 9, with which the sweeper 1 over moving traffic area 52 moves, playing experience a certain role. When heavily soiled the driving speed will have to be reduced while the rotational speed of the bristle roller 2 increases is increase. In this context, the Use of a separate, controllable drive for the Bristle roller. The screw conveyor can also be used with one be provided such a separate hydraulic drive. Cheap it is when with the specified dimensions provided screw conveyor 4 at about half the speed of rotation the bristle roller 2 is driven, wherein the direction of rotation of both the bristle roller 2 and Screw conveyor 4 of those of the wheels 16 and the Vehicle wheels is opposite.

It is also important that the aerodynamic Airflow causing cleaning effect from the bristle roller 2 is generated, within the dirt hopper 3/38 to its outlet opening 42 if possible can continue unhindered, the described design of the screw conveyor 4, the Sheet coil 23 is almost the entire Screw length extending central quasi cylindrical Encloses cavity 22, has a very advantageous effect.

It has been shown that the trained according to the invention and equipped sweeper compared to the conventional Sweeping devices considerable, in particular performance, Advantages with a relatively light construction owns and that despite the relatively high working speeds the bristle roller 2 is not significantly increased Wear of the bristles takes place.

Claims (10)

1. Sweeping device (1) for working vehicles (9) for cleaning traffic areas (52), with a bristle roller (2) which is set into rotation by a motor and is covered by a protective housing (56) at the top, and with a conveyor which is arranged directly in front of it in the direction of travel (25) and consists of a conveyor worm (4) which extends parallel to the sweeping roller (2) and is arranged so that it can also be driven by a motor in a swept material collecting box (3, 3/38) provided with a rear inlet opening (45) extending over the length of the bristle roller (2) and with an outlet opening (42) at the end of the worm, wherein the swept material collecting box (3, 3/38) has, below its inlet opening (45), an obliquely downwardly directed baffle plate (50) with a flexible ground strip (51) and wherein a gap (60) existing between the protective housing (56) of the sweeping roller (2) and the swept material collecting box (3, 3/38) is closed by a top cover (61), characterised in that the bristle roller (2) having a starting diameter (D1) of about 30 cm to 100 cm and an initial brush length of about 10 cm to 40 cm is driven at such a speed of rotation that it produces, in the region located between it and the inlet opening (45) of the swept material collecting box (3/38), an air stream which continues in the swept material collecting box (3/38) simultaneously designed as a conveying dish and flow duct, to its outlet opening (42).
2. Sweeping device according to claim 1, characterised in that the conveyor worm (4) consists of a radial sheet metal helix (23) which is wound round a central cylindrical cavity (22) and is surrounded over its entire length with slight radial spacing by a cylindrical sleeve (38) which is closed at one end face and in that the inlet opening (45) of this sleeve (38) extends at least over one fifth of the circumference of the sleeve.
3. Sweeping device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the vertical dimension (H) of the inlet opening (45) corresponds roughly to the initial bristle length.
4. Sweeping device according to claim 3, characterised in that the lower limiting edge (46) of the inlet opening (45) is located roughly at the height of the lowest point of the sleeve (38) and the upper limiting edge (47) of the inlet opening (45) is arranged roughly at the height of the worm axis (48).
5. Sweeping device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the working speed of rotation of the bristle roller (2) lies above a threshold value of about 350 rpm.
6. Sweeping device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the conveyor worm (4) has an external diameter (D2) corresponding to at least three quarters of the starting diameter (D1) of the bristle roller (2).
7. Sweeping device according to claim 2, characterised in that the diameter (D3) of the cavity (22) surrounded by the worm helix (23) corresponds roughly to one third of the external diameter (D2) of the conveyor worm (4).
8. Sweeping device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the working speed of rotation of the conveyor worm (4) corresponds to roughly half the working speed of rotation of the bristle roller (2).
9. Sweeping device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the size of the end-face outlet opening of the swept material collecting box (3/38) is at least as great as half its cross-sectional area.
10. Sweeping device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that at least the closed end wall (40) of the swept material collecting box (3) located at the conveyance start of the conveyor worm has, at the level of the inlet opening (45), an extension (40', 42') which is directed toward the lower region of the bristle roller (2) and closes the space located between the bristle roller (2) and the inlet opening (45) at least over the majority of its end face.

Images