EP0724705B1 - Process for drying automobile paints - Google Patents
Process for drying automobile paints Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0724705B1 EP0724705B1 EP94930966A EP94930966A EP0724705B1 EP 0724705 B1 EP0724705 B1 EP 0724705B1 EP 94930966 A EP94930966 A EP 94930966A EP 94930966 A EP94930966 A EP 94930966A EP 0724705 B1 EP0724705 B1 EP 0724705B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- drying
- heating
- time
- infrared
- lacquer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 title description 17
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007603 infrared drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
- F26B3/28—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun
- F26B3/30—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun from infrared-emitting elements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
- F26B3/28—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun
- F26B3/283—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun in combination with convection
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B2210/00—Drying processes and machines for solid objects characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
- F26B2210/12—Vehicle bodies, e.g. after being painted
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for drying with two-component paint painted automobile bodies.
- the holding temperature is already after 20 to 30 Seconds reached. Since the holding temperature for conventional top coats is over 100 ° C, this means that heating takes place at a speed of approx. 200 ° C. per minute. A to heat up the entire vehicle body in such a short time at this speed, is technically almost impossible. This burns the paint surface and creates Stoves that lead to craters. A perfect paint surface can be applied to this Way not reach.
- the object of the present invention is to remedy this to create and a process for drying with two-component paint painted vehicle bodies or parts propose of which with which an almost level Paint structure is generated without additional effort.
- the heating phase begins at ambient temperature of approx. 15 ° C and will be until a Operating temperature of 150 ° C continuously. For this Heating time until reaching 150 ° C is a maximum of 6 Minutes needed. This means a heating up of approx. 20 ° C per minute.
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zum Trocknen von mit Zwei-Komponenten-Lack lackierten Automobilkarosserien.The invention relates to a method for drying with two-component paint painted automobile bodies.
Bei der Herstellung von Automobilen ist man beim Lackieren bemüht, eine möglichst ebene Lackstruktur zu erzielen. Dies gilt sowohl für das Aufbringen des Hauptlackes (Decklackes) als auch für eventuell notwendige Nachlackierungsarbeiten. Ohne besondere Maßnahmen, wie Drehen der lackierten Karosse um ihre Längsachse während des Trocknungsprozesses, Aufbringen hoher Lackschichtdicke sowie mehrfacher Decklackschichten ist eine vollkommen ebene Lackstruktur bisher wirtschaftlich nicht zu erzeugen.When manufacturing automobiles you are painting strives to achieve as flat a paint structure as possible. This applies both to the application of the main paint (Top coat) as well as for any necessary repainting work. Without special measures such as turning the painted body around its longitudinal axis during the Drying process, application of high paint layer thickness as well as multiple top coats is one Flat paint structure has not been economically viable so far.
Aus der US 4,771,728 A ist es bekannt, zum Trocknen von lackierten Kraftfahrzeugkarosserien bis zum Erreichen der Haltetemperatur eine reine Infrarottrocknung zu verwenden. Sobald die Haltetemperatur erreicht ist, wird auf kombinierte Infrarot- und Umlufttrocknung umgeschaltet. Um welche Lackart es sich hierbei handelt, ist diesem Stand der Technik nicht zu entnehmen. Es dürfte sich mit hoher Wahrscheinlichkeit um einen Ein-Komponenten-Lack handeln.From US 4,771,728 A it is known for drying painted motor vehicle bodies use pure infrared drying until the holding temperature is reached. As soon as the holding temperature is reached, the system switches to combined infrared and forced air drying. This type of paint is not suitable for the type of paint used remove. It is likely with a one-component paint act.
Gemäß den Angaben in dieser Patentschrift wird die Haltetemperatur bereits nach 20 bis 30 Sekunden erreicht. Da die Haltetemperatur bei üblichen Decklacken über 100°C beträgt, bedeutet dies, daß mit einer Geschwindigkeit von ca. 200°C pro Minute aufgeheizt wird. Eine gesamte Fahrzeugkarosserie in derart kurzer Zeit mit dieser Geschwindigkeit aufzuheizen, ist technisch nahezu unmöglich. Dabei verbrennt die Lackoberfläche und es entstehen Kocher, die zu Kratern führen. Eine einwandfreie Lackoberfläche läßt sich auf diese Weise nicht erreichen.According to the information in this patent, the holding temperature is already after 20 to 30 Seconds reached. Since the holding temperature for conventional top coats is over 100 ° C, this means that heating takes place at a speed of approx. 200 ° C. per minute. A to heat up the entire vehicle body in such a short time at this speed, is technically almost impossible. This burns the paint surface and creates Stoves that lead to craters. A perfect paint surface can be applied to this Way not reach.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, hier Abhilfe zu schaffen und ein Verfahren zum Trocknen von mit Zwei-Komponenten-Lack lackierten Fahrzeugkarosserien oder Teilen hiervon vorzuschlagen, mit dem eine nahezu ebene Lackstruktur ohne Zusatzaufwand erzeugt wird.The object of the present invention is to remedy this to create and a process for drying with two-component paint painted vehicle bodies or parts propose of which with which an almost level Paint structure is generated without additional effort.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des ersten Anspruchs gelöst. Es hat sich überraschenderweise herausgestellt, daß man bei einem schnellen ununterbrochenen Aufheizen mit mindestens 15° C pro Minute und mit einer Aufheizzeit von höchstens 6 Minuten, sowie mit einer Aufheizgeschwindigkeit zwischen 15 °C und 22.5 °C pro Minute von Umgebungstemperatur auf die Haltetemperatur eine ebene und staubfeste Lackstruktur erzielt. Wichtig für die Lacktrocknung ist, daß in der Aufheizzeit nur Infrarotstrahler eingesetzt werden und nicht eine reine Umlufttrocknung oder eine kombinierte Infrarot-/Umlufttrocknung stattfindet. In der sich nach der Aufheizzeit anschließenden Haltezeit kann eine Trocknung durch Umluft alleine oder in Kombination mit Infrarotheizer sowie eine reine Infrarotheizung stattfinden. Durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren wird eine optimal glatte Lackoberfläche bei Verwendung von Zwei-Komponenten-Lacken äußerst kostengünstig erzielt.This object is achieved by the Features of the first claim solved. It has Surprisingly it turned out that one rapid uninterrupted heating with at least 15 ° C per minute and with a heating time of at most 6 Minutes, as well as with a heating rate between 15 ° C and 22.5 ° C per minute from ambient temperature to the holding temperature achieves a flat and dustproof lacquer structure. It is important for the paint drying that in the heating up time only infrared emitters are used and not one pure convection drying or a combined infrared / convection drying takes place. In the after the heating up time subsequent holding time can be drying by circulating air alone or in combination with infrared heaters as well as pure infrared heating. The method according to the invention makes one optimal smooth paint surface when using two-component paints achieved extremely inexpensively.
Weitere Vorteile beschreiben die Ansprüche 2 und 3.
Durch die höheren Trocknungsendtemperaturen konnte eine Verkürzung der Trocknungszeit erzielt werden, so daß Einsparungen in der Länge von Trockneranlagen und damit auch von Gebäudeflächen erzielt werden können. Auch kann auf die bisher obligatorische Abdunstzone verzichtet werden.Due to the higher final drying temperatures, a Shortening the drying time can be achieved, so that savings in the length of dryer systems and therefore also of building surfaces can be achieved. Can also on the previously mandatory evaporation zone will be dispensed with.
Im folgenden wird ein typisches Beispiel der Erfindung näher erläutert. In der Abbildung ist die Temperatur über der Trocknungszeit aufgetragen sowie der Soll-Temperatur-Vorlauf für lackierte Automobilkarossen, die mit einem Zwei-Komponenten-Decklack lackiert wurden. Die angegebenen Temperaturen beziehen sich auf Objekttemperaturen, d. h. die Temperatur der lackierten Oberfläche. Diese wird Thermoelementen oder mit Pyrometern gemessen.The following is a typical example of the invention explained in more detail. In the picture the temperature is over the drying time and the target temperature flow for painted automobile bodies with a Two-component top coat were painted. The specified Temperatures refer to object temperatures, i. H. the temperature of the painted surface. This will Thermocouples or measured with pyrometers.
Wie ersichtlich, beginnt die Aufheizphase bei Umgebungstemperatur von ca. 15° C und wird bis zum Erreichen einer Temperatur von 150° C kontinuierlich betrieben. Für diese Aufheizzeit bis zum Erreichen von 150° C werden maximal 6 Minuten benötigt. Dies bedeutet eine Aufheizung von ca. 20° C pro Minute.As can be seen, the heating phase begins at ambient temperature of approx. 15 ° C and will be until a Operating temperature of 150 ° C continuously. For this Heating time until reaching 150 ° C is a maximum of 6 Minutes needed. This means a heating up of approx. 20 ° C per minute.
Bei Erreichen der Haltetemperatur von ca. 150° C beginnt die Haltezeit. Bei einer Zeit von insgesamt (Aufheizzeit + Haltezeit) maximal 21 Minuten war der aufgetragene Lackfilm ausgehärtet. Im Extremfall konnte festgestellt werden, daß der Lackfilm bereits nach 15 Minuten ausgehärtet war. Hierbei erfüllte auch er alle notwendigen chemotechnologischen Anforderungen. Trotz der verwirklichten extrem kurzen Aufheizzeit traten keine Kocher auf.When the holding temperature of approx. 150 ° C is reached the hold time. With a total time (heating time + Holding time) was a maximum of 21 minutes Lacquer film hardened. In extreme cases, it was found be that the paint film cured after 15 minutes was. In doing so, he also fulfilled all the necessary requirements chemotechnological requirements. Despite the realized extremely short heating-up time did not occur on.
Wird anstelle eines Zwei-Komponenten-Decklackes eine Automobilkarosserie oder ein Teil hiervon mit einem 90° C Zwei-Komponenten Nachlack lackiert, so wird nur bis zu einer Objekttemperatur von ca. 120° C innerhalb maximal 6 Minuten aufgeheizt.Becomes one instead of a two-component topcoat Automobile body or part thereof with a 90 ° C Two-component finish varnish, so it is only up to an object temperature of approx. 120 ° C within a maximum of 6 Minutes heated up.
Allgemein kann festgehalten werden, daß bei untersuchten Probeblechen Schichtdickenunterschiede der aufgetragenen Lacke im Bereich von 20 bis 40 µm keinen wesentlichen Einfluß auf die Trocknungszeit und die Trocknungstemperaturen haben.In general, it can be stated that the examined Sample sheets differences in layer thickness of the applied Lacquers in the range from 20 to 40 µm are not essential Influence on drying time and drying temperatures to have.
Claims (3)
- A method whereby car bodies or parts thereof lacquered with two-component lacquer are dried in a combined infrared and circulating-air oven or an infrared-only oven, wherein a heating-up time is followed for drying purposes by a holding time for the holding temperature when reached, and wherein during the heating-up time exclusive use is made of an infrared-only oven, the lacquer for drying is continuously heated by the infrared oven from ambient temperature to its holding temperature in not more than 6 minutes, and wherein the heating-up rate is between 15°C and 22.5°C per minute.
- A method according to claim 1, characterised in that the case of a two-component coating lacquer the holding temperature is 150°C.
- A method according to claim 1, characterised in that in the case of a 90°C two-component repair lacquer the holding temperature is 120°C.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4336856 | 1993-10-28 | ||
| DE4336856A DE4336856A1 (en) | 1993-10-28 | 1993-10-28 | Process for drying automotive paints |
| PCT/EP1994/003466 WO1995012101A1 (en) | 1993-10-28 | 1994-10-21 | Process for drying automobile paints |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0724705A1 EP0724705A1 (en) | 1996-08-07 |
| EP0724705B1 true EP0724705B1 (en) | 1998-12-02 |
Family
ID=6501278
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP94930966A Expired - Lifetime EP0724705B1 (en) | 1993-10-28 | 1994-10-21 | Process for drying automobile paints |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0724705B1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE4336856A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1995012101A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6113764A (en) * | 1999-05-26 | 2000-09-05 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Processes for coating a metal substrate with an electrodeposited coating composition and drying the same |
| DE10047816A1 (en) * | 2000-09-27 | 2002-04-18 | Volkswagen Ag | Method for drying of motor vehicle paint work in drum-type kiln with vehicle body fastened to turnable frame, turned in heated vapor extraction zone and moved into dryer |
| DE10127962B4 (en) * | 2001-06-08 | 2006-01-26 | Audi Ag | Drying process for applied to components, especially on vehicle bodies or parts thereof paint materials and apparatus for performing the drying process |
| DE10326191B3 (en) * | 2003-06-06 | 2005-02-03 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Drying painted surfaces, especially on automobile bodies, involves exposing surface to at least one radiator with high penetration depth, specific surface power of at least 80 kW/m2 for max.5 minutes |
| CN102341189B (en) | 2009-03-06 | 2015-05-20 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Method and apparatus for paint curing |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2057776A (en) * | 1934-10-29 | 1936-10-20 | Ford Motor Co | Paint baking apparatus |
| GB557871A (en) * | 1941-07-18 | 1943-12-09 | Ici Ltd | Improvements in or relating to the hardening by stoving of films of paint, varnish or like coating compositions |
| US2391195A (en) * | 1943-03-16 | 1945-12-18 | J O Ross Engineering Corp | Drier |
| US4635381A (en) * | 1982-06-29 | 1987-01-13 | Gladd Industries, Inc. | Paint bake oven |
| DE3406789C1 (en) * | 1984-02-24 | 1989-07-20 | Adolf 7251 Weissach Berkmann | Process for drying particularly powder-coated workpieces by infrared radiation |
| DE3515600C1 (en) * | 1985-04-30 | 1986-10-09 | Bayerische Motoren Werke AG, 8000 München | Blow tunnel for drying painted workpieces |
| US4771728A (en) * | 1986-09-08 | 1988-09-20 | Bgk Finishing Systems, Inc. | Automotive coating treatment apparatus |
| US4785552A (en) * | 1987-07-08 | 1988-11-22 | Best Willie H | Convection stabilized radiant oven |
| US4967487A (en) * | 1988-04-25 | 1990-11-06 | Urquhart Gordon T | Oven for the curing and cooling of painted objects and method |
| DE3814871A1 (en) * | 1988-05-02 | 1989-11-16 | Wu Ching Shun | METHOD FOR BURNING LIQUID AND POWDERED VARNISHES INTO A FURNACE |
| DE3821848C1 (en) * | 1988-06-29 | 1989-02-16 | Herberts Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal, De | |
| CA2012161C (en) * | 1989-06-12 | 1999-03-16 | Yoshio Tomioka | Apparatus for painting |
| US5050232A (en) * | 1990-03-28 | 1991-09-17 | Bgk Finishing Systems, Inc. | Movable heat treating apparatus utilizing proportionally controlled infrared lamps |
| FR2675246B1 (en) * | 1991-04-12 | 1993-08-13 | Omia | INFRA-RED DRYING DEVICE, PARTICULARLY FOR PAINTING. |
-
1993
- 1993-10-28 DE DE4336856A patent/DE4336856A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1994
- 1994-10-21 WO PCT/EP1994/003466 patent/WO1995012101A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1994-10-21 DE DE59407406T patent/DE59407406D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-10-21 EP EP94930966A patent/EP0724705B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE4336856A1 (en) | 1995-05-04 |
| EP0724705A1 (en) | 1996-08-07 |
| DE59407406D1 (en) | 1999-01-14 |
| WO1995012101A1 (en) | 1995-05-04 |
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