EP0721200A1 - Safety combination - Google Patents

Safety combination Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0721200A1
EP0721200A1 EP95120011A EP95120011A EP0721200A1 EP 0721200 A1 EP0721200 A1 EP 0721200A1 EP 95120011 A EP95120011 A EP 95120011A EP 95120011 A EP95120011 A EP 95120011A EP 0721200 A1 EP0721200 A1 EP 0721200A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
auxiliary
contact
auxiliary contactor
coil
contactor
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Granted
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EP95120011A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0721200B1 (en
Inventor
Josef Dipl.-Ing. Zizler (Fh)
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/002—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits
    • H01H47/004—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits using plural redundant serial connected relay operated contacts in controlled circuit
    • H01H47/005—Safety control circuits therefor, e.g. chain of relays mutually monitoring each other

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a safety combination with auxiliary contactors for releasing a drive, in which a first safety or EMERGENCY STOP contact is connected upstream or downstream of at least one of the coils of two auxiliary contactors, the coil of the first auxiliary contactor being an NC contact of the second auxiliary contactor and the coil of the second auxiliary contactor is connected in series with a first break contact of the first auxiliary contactor.
  • an NC contact of a third auxiliary contactor is connected in series with the NC contact of the second auxiliary contactor.
  • a normally open contact of the first auxiliary contactor and a normally open contact of the third auxiliary contactor are in series with the normally closed contact of the first auxiliary contactor.
  • the coil of the third auxiliary contactor is connected in series with a parallel connection comprising a further normally open contact of the first auxiliary contactor and a further normally open contact of the third auxiliary contactor.
  • the first auxiliary contactor picks up and thus the normally open contact in series with the coil of the second auxiliary contactor closes. Pressing an ON button upstream of this causes the second auxiliary contactor to pull in. Thereupon, by closing a normally open contact of the second auxiliary contactor, the current path of the coil of the third auxiliary contactor is closed and at the same time the current path of the coil of the first auxiliary contactor is interrupted. In this way, the auxiliary contactors are mutually monitored. A drive is only enabled if all three auxiliary contactors are functional. The circuit already has four switching elements occupied per contactor. With three, for example, eight-pole contactors, four enabling circuits can be implemented.
  • the switching elements of the auxiliary contactors are used more efficiently, which enables the implementation of at least one enabling circuit with three four-pole auxiliary contactors.
  • a safety or EMERGENCY STOP contact is connected upstream of the coils of three auxiliary contactors connected to the control voltage, and the coil of the first auxiliary contactor is connected in series with NC contacts of the second and third auxiliary contactors.
  • the coils of the second and third auxiliary contactors connected in parallel are preceded by a series connection of normally open contacts of the second and third auxiliary protection.
  • parallel to this series connection is a normally open contact of the first auxiliary protection in series with a normally open contact of an ON button.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a safety combination of the type mentioned above, which enables the series connection of a protective door and EMERGENCY STOP circuit with the least possible effort, the start function in accordance with the DIN regulations (DIN EN 60204) by means of a Normally open contact of an ON button.
  • the coil of the first auxiliary contactor has a second connected to the first coupled safety or EMERGENCY STOP contact, that the coil of the second auxiliary contactor is an NC contact of an ON button connected in series that the NC contact of the second auxiliary contactor is a normally open contact of the auxiliary contactor that the normally closed contact of the first auxiliary protection is a normally open contact that Means are provided by which, when the auxiliary contactors are actuated, the second auxiliary contactor always pulls in before the first and that an ON button with an NO contact is located to the coil of the second auxiliary contactor.
  • the circuit corresponds to the safety standard of previously known circuits of this type.
  • Self-monitoring is advantageously achieved by using a capacitor as an energy store, which takes over the memory function of the usually third contactor.
  • the drawing shows a two-channel EMERGENCY STOP circuit with a rectifying device 25 connected to an AC voltage connection.
  • the EMERGENCY STOP circuit essentially consists of two current paths connected in parallel, which are connected via two NC contacts 3, 4 of an EMERGENCY STOP switch .
  • In the first current path there is a coil a of a first auxiliary contactor, in the second current path there is a coil b of a second auxiliary contactor. Both coils a and b are connected in parallel from a normally open and a normally closed contact upstream.
  • the first current path is formed in the order mentioned by the series connection of the parallel connection mentioned, the coil b and an ohmic resistor 24 which is connected directly to the negative pole 2 of the rectifying device 25.
  • connection point between the resistor 24 and the coil b bears the reference numeral 26.
  • the parallel connection upstream of the coil a consists of a normally open contact K a2 of the first auxiliary contactor and an normally closed contact K b1 of the second auxiliary contactor.
  • the parallel connection upstream of the coil b consists of an NC contact K a1 of the first auxiliary contactor and an NO contact K b2 of the second auxiliary contactor, this parallel connection being formed with the help of an NC contact 5 of an ON button.
  • This break contact 5 is advantageously not on the side that is to be connected to the protective line system.
  • the second current path which is formed by the series connection of the second parallel connection mentioned, the coil b and the ohmic resistor 24 in the order mentioned, is parallel to the first current path.
  • the parallel current paths are connected to the positive pole 1 of the rectifying device 25 via a fuse 11 and a diode 12 in series therewith. Between the connection point of the diode 12 and the fuse 11 on the one hand and the negative pole 2 on the other hand there is an ohmic resistor 13 which, together with the diode 12, forms a series circuit which is bridged by a light-emitting diode 10 and a further ohmic resistor 14.
  • a series circuit comprising a light-emitting diode 9 and an ohmic resistor 15 is connected in parallel to the coil a of the first auxiliary contactor and the normally closed contact 4 connected to it.
  • a series circuit comprising a further break contact K a3 of the first auxiliary contactor, an ohmic resistor 16 and a capacitor 7 is connected in parallel in the order mentioned via the break contact 5 of the ON button.
  • the series connection of the resistor 16 and the break contact K a3 is bridged by a Zener diode 8, via which the capacitor 7 can be discharged.
  • Parallel to the coil b of the second auxiliary protection is a normally open contact 21, which also belongs to the ON button.
  • the first auxiliary contactor can no longer pick up, so that if the second auxiliary contactor is pulled in faster, it is ensured that only this pulls in.
  • the second auxiliary protection is de-energized by subsequently actuating the ON button by de-energizing the coil b via the activated NO contact 21.
  • the first auxiliary contactor picks up in the meantime.
  • the capacitor 7 lying parallel to the coil b of the second auxiliary contactor is due to the previous excitation already charged. Discharge of the capacitor 7 is prevented on the one hand by the fact that the break contact 5 of the ON button interrupts the connection to the negative pole 2 and, on the other hand, after the second auxiliary contactor drops out, the first one picks up, so that the connection to the positive pole 1 is also interrupted.
  • the EMERGENCY STOP circuit consists of two auxiliary contactors, one of which requires two and the other three switching elements. As a result, an enabling circuit with two NO contacts in series and a signaling circuit with one NO contact can be implemented with just two four-pole auxiliary contactors.
  • the present EMERGENCY STOP circuit has the advantage that even when the normally open contacts of the first auxiliary contactor are welded and the EMERGENCY STOP opener contacts 3, 4 are then unlocked, the second auxiliary contactor no longer picks up since the capacitor 7 is already discharged. Moving the EMERGENCY STOP contacts 3, 4 from the position in front of the contactor coil behind it or vice versa would prevent automatic start-up, but as a disadvantage it would result in a switch-off delay for the second contactor in the millisecond range. In the event of a fault, that is to say when the normally open contacts of the first auxiliary contactor are welded, an immediate response of the circuit would no longer be guaranteed.
  • the voltage connection at the connections 1, 2 is monitored and displayed in a simple manner by the LED 10.
  • the LED 9 makes the excitation of the first auxiliary contactor visible.
  • the ON button is switched in such a way that an earth fault on the lines fed to it and in the ON button leads to the opening of the release circuit.
  • the error type "cross circuit" between the lines to the ON button is recognized with the next start command with the ON button, since no release can take place.
  • the number of enabling circuits is reduced by three compared to the maximum number of NO contacts that a switching device has according to the latest status.

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  • Relay Circuits (AREA)

Abstract

The safety control circuit for release and clearing of drives has a rectifier (25) coupled to an ac supply and provides power for the emergency stop circuit (NOT-AUS). This has two contacts (3, 4) that connect with the coils of a pair of auxiliary relays (a, b) that have contacts (Ka 1,2 and Kb 1,2). A capacitor (7) is coupled into the second relay circuit to provide a memory function and so generates a delay in operation between the two relays. A push button switch (5) can be operated to deenergise the second relay.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Sicherheitskombination mit Hilfsschützen zur Freigabe eines Antriebs, bei dem ein erster Sicherheits- oder NOT-AUS-Kontakt mindestens einer der Spulen zweier Hilfsschütze vor- bzw. nachgeschaltet ist, wobei der Spule des ersten Hilfsschützes ein Öffnerkontakt des zweiten Hilfsschützes und der Spule des zweiten Hilfsschützes ein erster Öffnerkontakt des ersten Hilfsschützes in Reihe geschaltet ist.The invention relates to a safety combination with auxiliary contactors for releasing a drive, in which a first safety or EMERGENCY STOP contact is connected upstream or downstream of at least one of the coils of two auxiliary contactors, the coil of the first auxiliary contactor being an NC contact of the second auxiliary contactor and the coil of the second auxiliary contactor is connected in series with a first break contact of the first auxiliary contactor.

Sicherheitskombinationen der obengenannten Art sind aus DE-OS 39 33 699 bekannt. Hier ist zum Öffnerkontakt des zweiten Hilfsschützes ein Öffnerkontakt eines dritten Hilfsschützes in Reihe geschaltet. Zum Öffnerkontakt des ersten Hilfsschützes liegt ein Schließerkontakt des ersten Hilfsschützes und ein Schließerkontakt des dritten Hilfsschützes in Reihe. Die Spule des dritten Hilfsschützes ist mit einer Parallelschaltung aus einem weiteren Schließerkontakt des ersten Hilfsschützes und einem weiteren Schließerkontakt des dritten Hilfsschützes in Reihe geschaltet.Safety combinations of the type mentioned above are known from DE-OS 39 33 699. Here an NC contact of a third auxiliary contactor is connected in series with the NC contact of the second auxiliary contactor. A normally open contact of the first auxiliary contactor and a normally open contact of the third auxiliary contactor are in series with the normally closed contact of the first auxiliary contactor. The coil of the third auxiliary contactor is connected in series with a parallel connection comprising a further normally open contact of the first auxiliary contactor and a further normally open contact of the third auxiliary contactor.

Bei Anlegung einer Spannung an diese Sicherheitskombination zieht das erste Hilfsschütz an und damit schließt auch der in Reihe zur Spule des zweiten Hilfsschützes liegende Schließerkontakt. Die Betätigung eines diesem vorgeschalteten EIN-Tasters bewirkt das Anziehen des zweiten Hilfsschützes. Daraufhin wird durch Schließen eines Schließerkontakts des zweiten Hilfsschützes die Strombahn auch der Spule des dritten Hilfsschützes geschlossen und zugleich die Strombahn der Spule des ersten Hilfsschützes unterbrochen. Auf diese Weise erfolgt eine gegenseitige Überwachung der Hilfsschütze. Nur bei Funktionsfähigkeit aller drei Hilfsschütze wird ein Antrieb freigegeben. Durch die Schaltung sind bereits vier Schaltglieder pro Hilfsschütz belegt. Mit drei beispielsweise achtpoligen Hilfsschützen lassen sich somit vier Freigabekreise realisieren.When a voltage is applied to this safety combination, the first auxiliary contactor picks up and thus the normally open contact in series with the coil of the second auxiliary contactor closes. Pressing an ON button upstream of this causes the second auxiliary contactor to pull in. Thereupon, by closing a normally open contact of the second auxiliary contactor, the current path of the coil of the third auxiliary contactor is closed and at the same time the current path of the coil of the first auxiliary contactor is interrupted. In this way, the auxiliary contactors are mutually monitored. A drive is only enabled if all three auxiliary contactors are functional. The circuit already has four switching elements occupied per contactor. With three, for example, eight-pole contactors, four enabling circuits can be implemented.

Bei einer demgegenüber verbesserten Sicherheitskombination gemäß der nicht vorveröffentlichten deutschen Patentanmeldung P 43 37 665.7 werden die Schaltglieder der Hilfsschütze effizienter ausgenützt, was die Realisierung zumindest eines Freigabekreises mit drei vierpoligen Hilfsschützen ermöglicht. Auch hier ist den einseitig an Steuerspannung liegenden Spulen dreier Hilfsschütze ein Sicherheits- oder NOT-AUS-Kontakt vorgeschaltet, und der Spule des ersten Hilfsschützes ist die Reihenschaltung von Öffnerkontakten des zweiten und dritten Hilfsschützes vorgeschaltet. Im Unterschied zu bekannten Sicherheitskombination gemäß DE-OS 39 33 699 ist hier den parallel geschalteten Spulen des zweiten und dritten Hilfsschützes eine Reihenschaltung aus Schließerkontakten des zweiten und dritten Hilfsschutzes vorgeschaltet. Weiterhin liegt parallel zu dieser Reihenschaltung ein Schließerkontakt des ersten Hilfsschutzes in Reihe mit einem Schließerkontaktes eines EIN-Tasters.In the case of an improved safety combination in accordance with the unpublished German patent application P 43 37 665.7, the switching elements of the auxiliary contactors are used more efficiently, which enables the implementation of at least one enabling circuit with three four-pole auxiliary contactors. Here too, a safety or EMERGENCY STOP contact is connected upstream of the coils of three auxiliary contactors connected to the control voltage, and the coil of the first auxiliary contactor is connected in series with NC contacts of the second and third auxiliary contactors. In contrast to the known safety combination according to DE-OS 39 33 699, the coils of the second and third auxiliary contactors connected in parallel are preceded by a series connection of normally open contacts of the second and third auxiliary protection. Furthermore, parallel to this series connection is a normally open contact of the first auxiliary protection in series with a normally open contact of an ON button.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Sicherheitskombination der obengenannten Art zu schaffen, die die Reihenschaltung einer Schutztür- und NOT-AUS-Schaltung mit möglichst geringem Aufwand ermöglicht, wobei die Startfunktion in Übereinstimmung mit den DIN-Vorschriften (DIN EN 60204) mittels eines Schließerkontaktes eines EIN-Tasters erfolgen soll. Die Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß die Spule des ersten Hilfsschützes einen nachgeschalteten zweiten mit dem ersten gekoppelten Sicherheits- oder NOT-AUS-Kontakt aufweist, daß der Spule des zweiten Hilfsschützes ein Öffnerkontakt eines EIN-Tasters in Reihe geschaltet ist, daß dem Öffnerkontakt des zweiten Hilfsschützes ein Schließerkontakt des Hilfsschützes parallel liegt, daß dem Öffnerkontakt des ersten Hilfsschutzes ein Schließerkontakt parallel liegt, daß Mittel vorgesehen sind, durch die bei Betätigung der Hilfsschütze stets das zweite Hilfsschütz vor dem ersten anzieht und daß zur Spule des zweiten Hilfsschützes ein EIN-Taster mit einem Schließerkontakt liegt.The invention has for its object to provide a safety combination of the type mentioned above, which enables the series connection of a protective door and EMERGENCY STOP circuit with the least possible effort, the start function in accordance with the DIN regulations (DIN EN 60204) by means of a Normally open contact of an ON button. The object is achieved in that the coil of the first auxiliary contactor has a second connected to the first coupled safety or EMERGENCY STOP contact, that the coil of the second auxiliary contactor is an NC contact of an ON button connected in series that the NC contact of the second auxiliary contactor is a normally open contact of the auxiliary contactor that the normally closed contact of the first auxiliary protection is a normally open contact that Means are provided by which, when the auxiliary contactors are actuated, the second auxiliary contactor always pulls in before the first and that an ON button with an NO contact is located to the coil of the second auxiliary contactor.

Die beanspruchte Sicherheitskombination weist folgende Vorteile auf:

  • 1. Die Anzahl der Freigabekreise ist so hoch wie ein Schaltgerät nach jeweils neuestem technischen Standard maximal eine Anzahl von Schließern haben kann, abzüglich drei und abzüglich eventuell erforderlicher Meldekreise (z.B. Relais mit 10 Schließern ergibt 7 Freigabekreise).
  • 2. Die Anzahl der Meldekreise kann maximal der Anzahl der Freigabekreise entsprechen, abzüglich eins, mit welchem ein Freigabekreis realisiert werden soll.
  • 3. Der EIN-Taster ist nicht dauernd selbstüberwacht, d.h. eine Unterbrechung der Leitung zum EIN-Taster führt nicht zum Abschalten der angeschlossenen Maschine(n).
  • 4. Bei Leitungsunterbrechungen mit anschließendem Berühren der unterbrochenen Leitungen führen nicht zur Freigabe und damit zum Start der Maschine(n). Leitungsunterbrechungen zum EIN-Taster werden also rechtzeitig erkannt.
  • 5. Der EIN-Taster beinhaltet nicht ausschließlich einen Öffner-Kontakt, was nach DIN EN 60204 Kap. 9.2.1 nicht zulässig ist ("Startfunktionen müssen durch Erregen des jeweiligen Kreises erfolgen").
  • 6. Die Schaltglieder des EIN-Tasters liegen nicht in der Leitung, die mit dem Schutzleitersystem verbunden werden soll. Dies ist nach DIN EN 60204 Kap. 9.1.4 nicht zulässig.
  • 7. Ein Erdschluß an zwei von drei Leitungen zum EIN-Taster wird durch Ansprechen des Überstromschutzorgans sofort erkannt, falls die Leitungen am Anschluß des Öffnerkontakts des EIN-Tasters betroffen sind. Falls nur die Leitung am Schließerkontakt des EIN-Tasters betroffen ist, wird ein Erdschluß durch Ausfall des Antriebs vom zweiten Hilfsschütz wegen überhöhter Spannung nach einiger Zeit erkannt.
  • 8. Die Sicherheit ist gegenüber Schaltungen mit nur einem Schließer erhöht, weil ein Querschluß zwischen zwei von drei Leitungen zum EIN-Taster beim nächsten Start erkannt wird. Die Leitung zum EIN-Taster und der EIN-Taster selbst ist also querschlußsicher aufgebaut.
The claimed safety combination has the following advantages:
  • 1. The number of enabling circuits is as high as a switching device according to the latest technical standard can have a maximum of no contacts, less three and less any necessary reporting circuits (eg relay with 10 NO contacts results in 7 enabling circuits).
  • 2. The number of detection zones can correspond to a maximum of the number of release zones, minus one, with which an release zone is to be implemented.
  • 3. The ON button is not continuously monitored, ie an interruption in the line to the ON button does not result in the machine (s) being switched off.
  • 4. In the event of line interruptions followed by touching the interrupted lines do not result in the release and thus the start of the machine (s). Line interruptions to the ON button are therefore recognized in good time.
  • 5. The ON button does not only contain an NC contact, which is what DIN EN 60204 chap. 9.2.1 is not permitted ("Start functions must be carried out by energizing the respective circuit").
  • 6. The switching elements of the ON button are not in the line that is to be connected to the protective conductor system. This is according to DIN EN 60204 Chap. 9.1.4 not permitted.
  • 7. A ground fault on two of three lines to the ON button is immediately recognized by the overcurrent protection device responding if the lines at the connection of the NC contact of the ON button are affected. If only the line at the NO contact of the ON button is affected, an earth fault due to drive failure by the second auxiliary contactor due to excessive voltage is recognized after some time.
  • 8. The safety is increased compared to circuits with only one normally open contact, because a short circuit between two of three lines to the ON button is detected at the next start. The line to the ON button and the ON button itself is therefore cross-circuit proof.

Die Schaltung entspricht dem Sicherheitsstandard bisher bekannter Schaltungen dieser Art. Die Selbstüberwachung wird vorteilhafterweise durch den Einsatz eines Kondensators als Energiespeicher erreicht, der die Gedächtnisfunktion des üblicherweise dritten Schützes übernimmt.The circuit corresponds to the safety standard of previously known circuits of this type. Self-monitoring is advantageously achieved by using a capacitor as an energy store, which takes over the memory function of the usually third contactor.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind den Unteransprüchen zu entnehmen.Further advantageous embodiments of the invention can be found in the subclaims.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden im folgenden anhand einer Zeichnung näher erläutert.Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to a drawing.

Die Zeichnung zeigt eine zweikanalige NOT-AUS-Schaltung mit einer an einen Wechselspannungsanschluß angeschlossenen Gleichrichteinrichtung 25. Die NOT-AUS-Schaltung besteht im wesentlichen aus zwei parallel geschalteten Strompfaden, die über zwei Öffnerkontakte 3,4 eines NOT-AUS-Schalters in Verbindung stehen. Im ersten Strompfad liegt eine Spule a eines ersten Hilfsschützes, im zweiten Strompfad eine Spule b eines zweiten Hilfsschützes. Beiden Spulen a und b ist jeweils eine Parallelschaltung aus einem Schließer- und einem Öffnerkontakt vorgeschaltet. Der erste Strompfad ist in der genannten Reihenfolge durch die Reihenschaltung der erwähnten Parallelschaltung, die Spule b und einen ohmschen Widerstand 24 gebildet, der direkt mit dem Minuspol 2 der Gleichrichteinrichtung 25 verbunden ist. Der Verbindungspunkt zwischen dem Widerstand 24 und der Spule b trägt das Bezugszeichen 26. Die der Spule a vorgeschaltete Parallelschaltung besteht aus einem Schließerkontakt Ka2 des ersten Hilfsschützes und einem Öffnerkontakt Kb1 des zweiten Hilfsschützes.The drawing shows a two-channel EMERGENCY STOP circuit with a rectifying device 25 connected to an AC voltage connection. The EMERGENCY STOP circuit essentially consists of two current paths connected in parallel, which are connected via two NC contacts 3, 4 of an EMERGENCY STOP switch . In the first current path there is a coil a of a first auxiliary contactor, in the second current path there is a coil b of a second auxiliary contactor. Both coils a and b are connected in parallel from a normally open and a normally closed contact upstream. The first current path is formed in the order mentioned by the series connection of the parallel connection mentioned, the coil b and an ohmic resistor 24 which is connected directly to the negative pole 2 of the rectifying device 25. The connection point between the resistor 24 and the coil b bears the reference numeral 26. The parallel connection upstream of the coil a consists of a normally open contact K a2 of the first auxiliary contactor and an normally closed contact K b1 of the second auxiliary contactor.

Die der Spule b vorgeschaltete Parallelschaltung besteht aus einem Öffnerkontakt Ka1 des ersten Hilfsschützes und einem Schließerkontakt Kb2 des zweiten Hilfsschützes, wobei diese Parallelschaltung mit Hilfe eines Öffnerkontakts 5 eines EIN-Tasters gebildet ist. Dieser Öffnerkontakt 5 liegt vorteilhafterweise nicht auf der Seite, die mit dem Schutzleitungssystem verbunden werden soll.The parallel connection upstream of the coil b consists of an NC contact K a1 of the first auxiliary contactor and an NO contact K b2 of the second auxiliary contactor, this parallel connection being formed with the help of an NC contact 5 of an ON button. This break contact 5 is advantageously not on the side that is to be connected to the protective line system.

Über den Öffnerkontakt 3 des NOT-AUS-Schalters liegt der zweite Strompfad, der durch die Reihenschaltung der erwähnten zweiten Parallelschaltung, die Spule b und den ohmschen Widerstand 24 in der genannten Reihenfolge gebildet ist, parallel zum ersten Strompfad.Via the break contact 3 of the EMERGENCY STOP switch, the second current path, which is formed by the series connection of the second parallel connection mentioned, the coil b and the ohmic resistor 24 in the order mentioned, is parallel to the first current path.

Die parallelen Strompfade sind über eine Sicherung 11 und eine dazu in Reihe liegende Diode 12 mit dem Pluspol 1 der Gleichrichteinrichtung 25 verbunden. Zwischen dem Verbindungspunkt der Diode 12 und der Sicherung 11 einerseits und dem Minuspol 2 andererseits liegt ein ohmscher Widerstand 13, der zusammen mit der Diode 12 eine Reihenschaltung bildet, die durch eine Leuchtdiode 10 und einen weiteren ohmschen Widerstand 14 überbrückt ist.The parallel current paths are connected to the positive pole 1 of the rectifying device 25 via a fuse 11 and a diode 12 in series therewith. Between the connection point of the diode 12 and the fuse 11 on the one hand and the negative pole 2 on the other hand there is an ohmic resistor 13 which, together with the diode 12, forms a series circuit which is bridged by a light-emitting diode 10 and a further ohmic resistor 14.

Zur Spule a des ersten Hilfsschützes und dem dazu in Reihe geschalteten Öffnerkontakt 4 liegt eine Reihenschaltung aus einer Leuchtdiode 9 und einem ohmschen Widerstand 15 parallel. Zur Reihenschaltung aus der Spule b des zweiten Hilfsschützes und des nachgeschalteten ohmschen Widerstands 24 liegt über den Öffnerkontakt 5 des EIN-Tasters eine Reihenschaltung aus einem weiteren Öffnerkontakt Ka3 des ersten Hilfsschützes, einem ohmschen Widerstand 16 und einem Kondensator 7 in der genannten Reihenfolge parallel. Die Serienschaltung aus dem Widerstand 16 und dem Öffnerkontakt Ka3 ist durch eine Zenerdiode 8 überbrückt, über die der Kondensator 7 entladen werden kann. Parallel zur Spule b des zweiten Hilfsschutzes liegt ein ebenfalls zum EIN-Taster gehörender Schließerkontakt 21.A series circuit comprising a light-emitting diode 9 and an ohmic resistor 15 is connected in parallel to the coil a of the first auxiliary contactor and the normally closed contact 4 connected to it. For series connection from the coil b of the second auxiliary contactor and the downstream ohmic resistor 24, a series circuit comprising a further break contact K a3 of the first auxiliary contactor, an ohmic resistor 16 and a capacitor 7 is connected in parallel in the order mentioned via the break contact 5 of the ON button. The series connection of the resistor 16 and the break contact K a3 is bridged by a Zener diode 8, via which the capacitor 7 can be discharged. Parallel to the coil b of the second auxiliary protection is a normally open contact 21, which also belongs to the ON button.

Zur Wirkungsweise der beschriebenen Sicherheitskombination ist folgendes auszuführen: Bei Anlegen einer Wechselspannung und geschlossenem NOT-AUS-Schalter, d.h. nicht betätigten, entriegelten Öffnerkontakten 3,4 ist die Strombahn für beide Spulen a,b geschlossen, und beide Hilfsschütze ziehen daher an. Durch unterschiedliche Dimensionierung der Spulenwiderstände beider Spulen a,b wird erreicht, daß stets das zweite Hilfsschütz als erstes anzieht, selbst wenn beide Hilfsschütze über den NOT-AUS-Schalter gleichzeitig betätigt werden. Sobald der Öffnerkontakt Kb1 des zweiten Hilfsschützes vor der Spule a öffnet, kann das erste Hilfsschütz nicht mehr anziehen, so daß bei einem schnelleren Anzug des zweiten Hilfsschutzes gewährleistet ist, daß nur dieses anzieht.To operate the described safety combination, the following must be carried out: When an AC voltage is applied and the EMERGENCY STOP switch is closed, ie when the opener contacts 3, 4 are not activated and unlocked, the current path is closed for both coils a, b, and both auxiliary contactors therefore pick up. Different dimensions of the coil resistances of both coils a, b ensure that the second auxiliary contactor always picks up first, even if both auxiliary contactors are actuated simultaneously via the EMERGENCY STOP switch. As soon as the break contact K b1 of the second auxiliary contactor opens in front of the coil a, the first auxiliary contactor can no longer pick up, so that if the second auxiliary contactor is pulled in faster, it is ensured that only this pulls in.

In dieser Phase, in der nur das zweite Hilfsschütz angezogen ist, wird der Kondensator 7 über die noch geschlossenen Öffnerkontakte Ka1 und Ka3 des ersten Hilfsschützes aufgeladen.In this phase, in which only the second auxiliary contactor is energized, the capacitor 7 is charged via the normally closed normally closed contacts K a1 and K a3 of the first auxiliary contactor.

Durch anschließende Betätigung des EIN-Tasters erfolgt die Entregung des zweiten Hilfsschutzes, indem die Spule b über den aktivierten Schließerkontakt 21 spannungslos gemacht wird. Das erste Hilfsschütz zieht währenddessen an. Zu diesem Zeitpunkt ist der parallel zur Spule b des zweiten Hilfsschützes liegende Kondensator 7 durch die vorherige Anregung desselben bereits aufgeladen. Eine Entladung des Kondensators 7 wird einerseits dadurch verhindert, daß der Öffnerkontakt 5 des EIN-Tasters die Verbindung zum Minuspol 2 hin unterbricht und weil andrerseits nach Abfallen des zweiten Hilfsschützes das erste anzieht, so daß auch zum Pluspol 1 hin die Verbindung unterbrochen ist.The second auxiliary protection is de-energized by subsequently actuating the ON button by de-energizing the coil b via the activated NO contact 21. The first auxiliary contactor picks up in the meantime. At this time, the capacitor 7 lying parallel to the coil b of the second auxiliary contactor is due to the previous excitation already charged. Discharge of the capacitor 7 is prevented on the one hand by the fact that the break contact 5 of the ON button interrupts the connection to the negative pole 2 and, on the other hand, after the second auxiliary contactor drops out, the first one picks up, so that the connection to the positive pole 1 is also interrupted.

Wird der EIN-Taster losgelassen, d.h. der Öffnerkontakt 5 wieder geschlossen, so bleibt das erste Hilfsschütz aufgrund des Selbsthaltekontaktes Ka2 in der Stellung EIN und das zweite Hilfsschütz wird durch den Entladestrom des Kondensators 7 erregt und zieht ebenfalls an. Die NOT-AUS-Schaltung besteht aus zwei Hilfsschützen, wobei das eine zwei und das andere drei Schaltglieder benötigt. Demzufolge lassen sich mit nur zwei vierpoligen Hilfsschützen ein Freigabekreis mit je zwei Schließern in Reihe sowie ein Meldekreis mit einem Schließer realisieren.If the ON button is released, ie the normally closed contact 5 is closed again, the first auxiliary contactor remains in the ON position due to the self-holding contact K a2 and the second auxiliary contactor is excited by the discharge current of the capacitor 7 and also picks up. The EMERGENCY STOP circuit consists of two auxiliary contactors, one of which requires two and the other three switching elements. As a result, an enabling circuit with two NO contacts in series and a signaling circuit with one NO contact can be implemented with just two four-pole auxiliary contactors.

Die vorliegende NOT-AUS-Schaltung hat den Vorteil, daß selbst bei einem Verschweißen von Schließerkontakten des ersten Hilfsschützes und anschließendem Entriegeln der NOT-AUS-Öffnerkontakte 3,4 das zweite Hilfsschütz nicht mehr anzieht, da der Kondensator 7 bereits entladen ist. Ein Versetzen der NOT-AUS-Kontakte 3,4 von der Position vor der Schützspule hinter selbige oder umgekehrt, wurde zwar einen automatischen Anlauf verhindern, aber dafür als Nachteil eine Ausschaltverzögerung für das zweite Hilfsschütz im Millisekundenbereich zur Folge haben. Dadurch wäre im Fehlerfall, das heißt bei Verschweißen von Schließerkontakten des ersten Hilfsschützes ein sofortiges Ansprechen der Schaltung nicht mehr gewährleistet.The present EMERGENCY STOP circuit has the advantage that even when the normally open contacts of the first auxiliary contactor are welded and the EMERGENCY STOP opener contacts 3, 4 are then unlocked, the second auxiliary contactor no longer picks up since the capacitor 7 is already discharged. Moving the EMERGENCY STOP contacts 3, 4 from the position in front of the contactor coil behind it or vice versa would prevent automatic start-up, but as a disadvantage it would result in a switch-off delay for the second contactor in the millisecond range. In the event of a fault, that is to say when the normally open contacts of the first auxiliary contactor are welded, an immediate response of the circuit would no longer be guaranteed.

Die Spannungsanschaltung an den Anschlüssen 1,2 wird auf einfache Weise durch die Leuchtdiode 10 überwacht und angezeigt. Die Leuchtdiode 9 macht die Anregung des ersten Hilfsschützes sichtbar.The voltage connection at the connections 1, 2 is monitored and displayed in a simple manner by the LED 10. The LED 9 makes the excitation of the first auxiliary contactor visible.

Der EIN-Taster ist derart geschaltet, daß ein Erdschluß an den ihm zugeführten Leitungen und im EIN-Taster zum Öffnen des Freigabekreises führt. Der Fehlertyp "Querschluß" zwischen den Leitungen zum EIN-Taster wird beim nächsten Startkommando mit dem EIN-Taster erkannt, indem keine Freigabe erfolgen kann.The ON button is switched in such a way that an earth fault on the lines fed to it and in the ON button leads to the opening of the release circuit. The error type "cross circuit" between the lines to the ON button is recognized with the next start command with the ON button, since no release can take place.

Außerdem führen Leitungsunterbrechungen in einer der Leitungen zum EIN-Taster mit anschließendem Berühren der unterbrochenen Leitung bei geschlossenem Stromkreis nicht zur Freigabe des Laststromkreises.In addition, line interruptions in one of the lines to the ON button and subsequent touching of the interrupted line when the circuit is closed do not result in the release of the load circuit.

Die Anzahl der Freigabekreise ist um drei gegenüber der Anzahl an Schließern reduziert, die ein Schaltgerät nach jeweils neuestem Stand maximal aufweist.The number of enabling circuits is reduced by three compared to the maximum number of NO contacts that a switching device has according to the latest status.

Claims (4)

Sicherheitskombination mit Hilfsschützen zur Freigabe eines Antriebs, bei dem ein erster Sicherheits- oder NOT-AUS-Kontakt (3) mindestens einer der Spulen (a,b) zweier Hilfsschütze vor- bzw. nachgeschaltet ist, wobei der Spule (a) des ersten Hilfsschützes ein Öffnerkontakt (Kb1) des zweiten Hilfsschützes und der Spule (b) des zweiten Hilfsscützes ein erster Öffnerkontakt (Ka1) des ersten Hilfsschützes in Reihe geschaltet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Spule (a) des ersten Hilfsschützes einen nachgeschalteten zweiten (4) mit dem ersten (3) gekoppelten Sicherheits- oder NOT-AUS-Kontakt aufweist, daß der Spule (b) des zweiten Hilfsschutzes ein Öffnerkontakt (5) eines EIN-Tasters in Reihe geschaltet ist, daß dem Öffnerkontakt (Kb1) des zweiten Hilfsschützes ein Schließerkontakt (Ka2) des ersten Hilfsschützes parallel liegt, daß dem Öffnerkontakt (Ka1) des ersten Hilfsschützes ein Schließerkontakt (Kb2) parallel liegt, daß Mittel vorgesehen sind, durch die bei Betätigung der Hilfsschütze stets das zweite Hilfsschütz vor dem ersten anzieht, und daß zur Spule (b) des zweiten Hilfsschützes ein EIN-Taster mit einem Schließerkontakt (21) liegt.Safety combination with auxiliary contactors for enabling a drive in which a first safety or EMERGENCY STOP contact (3) is connected upstream or downstream of at least one of the coils (a, b) of two auxiliary contactors, the coil (a) of the first auxiliary contactor a normally closed contact (Kb1) of the second auxiliary contactor and the coil (b) of the second auxiliary contactor, a first normally closed contact (Ka1) of the first auxiliary contactor is connected in series, characterized in that the coil (a) of the first auxiliary contactor has a second (4) connected downstream the first (3) coupled safety or EMERGENCY STOP contact has that the coil (b) of the second auxiliary protection is an NC contact (5) of an ON button connected in series, that the NC contact (Kb1) of the second auxiliary contactor is a NO contact (Ka2) of the first auxiliary contactor is parallel, that the normally closed contact (Ka1) of the first auxiliary contactor is a normally open contact (Kb2) that means are provided by which at Be actuation of the auxiliary contactors always pulls the second auxiliary contactor in front of the first, and that there is an ON button with a normally open contact (21) for coil (b) of the second auxiliary contactor. Sicherheitskombination nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen dem Energiespeicher (7) und der Spule (b) des zweiten Hilfsschützes ein zum EIN-Taster gehörender Öffnerkontakt (5) liegt.Safety combination according to Claim 1, characterized in that a break contact (5) belonging to the ON button is located between the energy store (7) and the coil (b) of the second auxiliary contactor. Sicherheitskombination nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Überstromschutzorgan vorgesehen ist, das bei Erdschluß in der Zu-(22) und Rückleitung (23) des Öffnerkontakts (21) anspricht.Safety combination according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that an overcurrent protection element is provided which responds to an earth fault in the supply (22) and return line (23) of the break contact (21). Sicherheitskombination nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen Minuspol (2) und Spule (b) des zweiten Hilfsschützes ein Widerstand (24) liegt und der Schließerkontakt (21) an einen Verbindungspunkt (26) zwischen der Spule (b) und dem Widerstand (24) geführt ist.Safety combination according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that between the negative pole (2) and coil (b) of the second auxiliary contactor there is a resistor (24) and the normally open contact (21) is guided to a connection point (26) between the coil (b) and the resistor (24).
EP95120011A 1995-01-09 1995-12-19 Safety combination Expired - Lifetime EP0721200B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19500396A DE19500396C1 (en) 1995-01-09 1995-01-09 Safety control circuit for opening or clearing of drives
DE19500396 1995-01-09

Publications (2)

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EP0721200A1 true EP0721200A1 (en) 1996-07-10
EP0721200B1 EP0721200B1 (en) 1999-03-03

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JP (1) JPH08291895A (en)
DE (2) DE19500396C1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19715013B4 (en) * 1997-04-11 2008-04-10 Schneider Electric Gmbh Circuit for starting a machine and method for controlling a start of a machine
DE19751674C2 (en) * 1997-09-17 2000-05-11 Schneider Electric Gmbh Circuit arrangement with safety function
DE19930994B4 (en) * 1999-07-05 2006-03-02 Leuze Lumiflex Gmbh + Co. Kg Circuit arrangement for monitoring relays in safety circuits with at least 3 relays
DE10037383A1 (en) * 2000-08-01 2002-02-21 Pilz Gmbh & Co Safety switching device for safely switching off an electrical consumer, in particular an electrically driven machine
JP3757208B2 (en) * 2003-02-07 2006-03-22 ファナック株式会社 Emergency stop circuit
DE102008002758B4 (en) * 2008-01-25 2016-04-28 Schneider Electric Automation Gmbh relay circuit

Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3933699A1 (en) 1989-10-09 1991-04-11 Siemens Ag Safety combination system e.g. for elevator - has arrangement of three auxiliary relays bridged by switch
DE4337665C1 (en) * 1993-11-04 1994-10-20 Siemens Ag Contactor safety combination
DE4413676C1 (en) * 1994-04-20 1995-09-21 Siemens Ag Contactor safety combination

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3933699A1 (en) 1989-10-09 1991-04-11 Siemens Ag Safety combination system e.g. for elevator - has arrangement of three auxiliary relays bridged by switch
DE4337665C1 (en) * 1993-11-04 1994-10-20 Siemens Ag Contactor safety combination
DE4413676C1 (en) * 1994-04-20 1995-09-21 Siemens Ag Contactor safety combination

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DE59505197D1 (en) 1999-04-08
JPH08291895A (en) 1996-11-05
EP0721200B1 (en) 1999-03-03
DE19500396C1 (en) 1996-02-01

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