EP0720714B1 - Chaudière à vapeur du type à circulation ouverte, et procédé de faire fonctionner une telle chaudière - Google Patents

Chaudière à vapeur du type à circulation ouverte, et procédé de faire fonctionner une telle chaudière Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0720714B1
EP0720714B1 EP94926796A EP94926796A EP0720714B1 EP 0720714 B1 EP0720714 B1 EP 0720714B1 EP 94926796 A EP94926796 A EP 94926796A EP 94926796 A EP94926796 A EP 94926796A EP 0720714 B1 EP0720714 B1 EP 0720714B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pipes
flow
steam generator
mass flow
pipe
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94926796A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0720714A1 (fr
Inventor
Wolfgang Köhler
Eberhard Wittchow
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0720714A1 publication Critical patent/EP0720714A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0720714B1 publication Critical patent/EP0720714B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/10—Water tubes; Accessories therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/40—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only inside the tubular element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/10—Water tubes; Accessories therefor
    • F22B37/101—Tubes having fins or ribs
    • F22B37/103—Internally ribbed tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/02—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by influencing fluid boundary

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a once-through steam generator with a Throttle cable from gas-tightly welded together, essentially vertically arranged pipes.
  • the invention is directed further on a method for operating such Continuous steam generator.
  • a steam generator, the combustion chamber wall of which is arranged vertically Pipe construction is one compared to one steam generator having helical tubing at a lower cost to manufacture.
  • the unavoidable Differences in the heat supply to the individual pipes on temperature differences between adjacent pipes - in particular at the outlet of an evaporator. These temperature differences can cause damage due to improper Cause thermal stress.
  • the temperature differences can be avoided by drastically reducing the loss of friction pressure.
  • the reduction in turn is achieved by reducing the flow velocity accordingly, i.e. the mass flow density in the pipes.
  • a good heat transfer to achieve it is e.g. from the European patent application 0 503 116 known to use pipes on their inside have a multi-thread forming ribs.
  • German Offenlegungsschrift 20 32 891 also known cross-drawn tubes, on the inside to form a surface structure of a first rib an opposing second ribbing is superimposed.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of a once-through steam generator to specify, with its evaporator tubes also close to the critical pressure of about 210 bar a particularly good heat transfer from the pipe wall or heating surface on the heat absorption medium is guaranteed. Also supposed to be Method for operating such a once-through steam generator specified, the small temperature differences on Outlet of neighboring steam generator tubes can be reached.
  • the essentially vertically arranged pipes of the throttle cable for Achieve high flow turbulence and / or for training of longitudinal vortices in a flow medium on the inside one through two superimposed opposing ribs have formed surface structure and for the flow of the flow medium are connected in parallel, and wherein the the first ribs form an acute angle with the pipe axis, and the opposite ribbing parallel to Pipe axis runs, the task according to the invention solved that one of the first or helical ribbing flank angle formed on the inflow side with the tube wall is flatter than on the outflow side.
  • the evaporator tube then has a simpler manufacturing technology Way a helical ribbing with the ribs interrupting longitudinal grooves.
  • a helical ribbing with the ribs interrupting longitudinal grooves.
  • the elevations of the inner wall limited by the ribbing are advantageously at least 0.7 mm.
  • a continuous steam generator 2 is shown schematically in FIG shown rectangular cross section, its vertical throttle cable is formed by a surrounding wall 4 at the lower end passes into a funnel-shaped bottom 6.
  • a lower area V of the throttle cable there are a number of Burners for a fossil fuel in one opening each 8, of which only two are visible, in the one made of steam generator tubes 10 assembled according to Figures 3, 5 or 7 Enclosure or combustion chamber wall 4 attached.
  • the steam generator pipes 10 are in this area V, in which they become one Evaporator heating surface 12 welded together gas-tight are ( Figure 2) arranged vertically.
  • the one with the other Gas-tight welded tubes 10 form, for example, in a tube-web-tube construction or in a fin tube construction the gas-tight combustion chamber wall 4.
  • Convection heating surfaces are located above this area V of the throttle cable 14, 16 and 18. Above is a Flue gas outlet channel 20, through which the combustion of a fossil fuel flue gas RG generated the vertical Throttle cable leaves.
  • the flue gas RG serves as a heating medium for the in the damper pipes 10 flowing water or water-steam mixture.
  • the steam generator tubes 10 have on their inside Surface structure.
  • the steam generator tube 10 according to FIG 3 is on the inside with a first ribbing - in Direction of arrow 22 - provided an opposite second ribbing - in the direction of arrow 24 - superimposed is. Due to the opposing ribs 22 and 24, which with include the same large, acute angles a and b of the tube axis M, there is a regular inside Structure with elevations 26 on diamond-shaped bases and depressions 28. Such an increase with a diamond-shaped Base 30 and flattened top 32 is drawn out enlarged in FIG.
  • the steam generator tube has 10 in addition to a helical ribbing inside 22 "longitudinal grooves as depressions 28".
  • This first ribbing 22 "in turn closes with the tube axis M. acute angle a ", while the second ribbing 24" parallel runs to the pipe axis M.
  • the longitudinal grooves or Recesses 28 are given tear edges 40, one Favor vortex generation.
  • the combustion chamber wall 4 is generated by the water or water-steam mixture (flow or heat absorption medium) added that flows through the tubes 10 and evaporates in the process.
  • This gives the tube 10 of heat absorbed by him from the flue gas RG is particularly good the flow medium continues and is safely cooled.
  • a Surface structure on the inside of the tube 10 according to The embodiment of Figure 7 is the turbulence another twist superimposed.
  • the mass flow density m ⁇ is selected according to the invention depending on the tube inner diameter d.
  • the mass flow density m ⁇ is the mean throughput per area and time (kg / m 2 ⁇ s) of all pipes 10 at full load operation, ie 100% steam output.
  • the mass flow density m ⁇ can be represented as a function of the inner pipe diameter d in the coordinate system according to FIG.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)

Claims (3)

  1. Générateur de vapeur du type à circulation ouverte, comportant un carneau de gaz (4) vertical constitué de tubes (10) soudés entre eux de façon étanche au gaz, sur lequel se trouvent des brûleurs de combustibles fossiles, les tubes (10) du carneau de gaz (4) disposés sensiblement à la verticale comportant sur leur face intérieure, une structure de surface formée par des nervurages en sens inverses (22, 24) superposés dans le but d'obtenir une grande turbulence dans le courant et/ou d'engendrer des tourbillons longitudinaux dans un fluide en circulation, et étant disposés en parallèle pour le passage du fluide en circulation, et le premier nervurage (22") faisant un angle aigu (a") avec l'axe (M) du tube, alors que le deuxième nervurage (24") en sens inverse s'étend parallèlement à l'axe (M) du tube,
       caractérisé par le fait qu'un angle de flanc (c, f) fait par le premier nervurage (22") avec la paroi tubulaire (42) est plus plat du côté amont (36") que du côté aval (38").
  2. Générateur de vapeur selon la revendication 1,
       caractérisé par le fait que les surélévations (26, 26', 26") de la paroi tubulaire (42) délimitées par les nervurages (22, 22', 22",24, 24', 24") ont une hauteur H = 0,7 mm au moins.
  3. Procédé pour faire fonctionner un générateur de vapeur du type à circulation ouverte selon la revendication 1 ou 2, comportant un carneau de gaz (4) constitué de tubes (10) soudés entre eux de façon étanche au gaz, qui sont disposés sensiblement à la verticale et dans lesquels passent en parallèle un fluide en circulation,
       caractérisé par le fait que la densité du débit massique m dans les tubes (10) est réglée en fonction du diamètre intérieur d des tubes, un point de fonctionnement défini par un couple de valeurs de la densité du débit massique m ˙ et du diamètre intérieur d des tubes étant situé dans un système de coordonnées entre la courbe B et les abscisses, et la courbe B étant définie par des points correspondant aux couples de valeurs d1 = 10 mm à m 1 = 1300 kg/m2·s, d2 = 25 mm à m 2 = 1600 kg/m2·s et d3 = 40 mm à m 3 = 1600 kg/m2·s.
EP94926796A 1993-09-30 1994-09-19 Chaudière à vapeur du type à circulation ouverte, et procédé de faire fonctionner une telle chaudière Expired - Lifetime EP0720714B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4333404 1993-09-30
DE4333404A DE4333404A1 (de) 1993-09-30 1993-09-30 Durchlaufdampferzeuger mit vertikal angeordneten Verdampferrohren
PCT/DE1994/001086 WO1995009325A1 (fr) 1993-09-30 1994-09-19 Procede permettant de faire fonctionner un generateur en continu de vapeur et generateur en continu de vapeur fonctionnant selon ce procede

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0720714A1 EP0720714A1 (fr) 1996-07-10
EP0720714B1 true EP0720714B1 (fr) 1998-03-25

Family

ID=6499111

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94926796A Expired - Lifetime EP0720714B1 (fr) 1993-09-30 1994-09-19 Chaudière à vapeur du type à circulation ouverte, et procédé de faire fonctionner une telle chaudière

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US5706766A (fr)
EP (1) EP0720714B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH09503284A (fr)
KR (1) KR960705177A (fr)
CN (1) CN1132548A (fr)
DE (2) DE4333404A1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2123634C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1995009325A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5901669A (en) * 1995-04-05 1999-05-11 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Variable pressure once-through steam generator upper furnace having non-split flow circuitry
DE19600004C2 (de) * 1996-01-02 1998-11-19 Siemens Ag Durchlaufdampferzeuger mit spiralförmig angeordneten Verdampferrohren
DE19602680C2 (de) * 1996-01-25 1998-04-02 Siemens Ag Durchlaufdampferzeuger
DE19644763A1 (de) * 1996-10-28 1998-04-30 Siemens Ag Dampferzeugerrohr
DE19645748C1 (de) * 1996-11-06 1998-03-12 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Durchlaufdampferzeugers und Durchlaufdampferzeuger zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
AU2003275378A1 (en) * 2002-10-04 2004-05-04 Nooter/Eriksen, Inc. Once-through evaporator for a steam generator
US7878157B2 (en) * 2004-09-23 2011-02-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Fossil-fuel heated continuous steam generator
CN1831426A (zh) * 2005-03-10 2006-09-13 三井巴布科克能源公司 超临界下射锅炉
US8607567B2 (en) * 2008-04-16 2013-12-17 Alstom Technology Ltd Solar steam generator
DE102009012322B4 (de) * 2009-03-09 2017-05-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Durchlaufverdampfer
DE102009012321A1 (de) 2009-03-09 2010-09-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Durchlaufverdampfer
DE102009024587A1 (de) * 2009-06-10 2010-12-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Durchlaufverdampfer
DE102009040250B4 (de) * 2009-09-04 2015-05-21 Alstom Technology Ltd. Zwangdurchlaufdampferzeuger für den Einsatz von Dampftemperaturen von über 650 Grad C
DE102010038885B4 (de) * 2010-08-04 2017-01-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Zwangdurchlaufdampferzeuger
CH703820A1 (de) * 2010-09-21 2012-03-30 Alstom Hydro France Luftgekühlter generator.
CA2935039C (fr) * 2013-12-27 2019-01-22 Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems, Ltd. Tube de transfert de chaleur, chaudiere et installation de turbine a vapeur

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1288755A (fr) * 1960-12-27 1962-03-30 Babcock & Wilcox Co Tube de production de vapeur nervuré
US4864973A (en) * 1985-01-04 1989-09-12 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Spiral to vertical furnace tube transition
EP0349834B1 (fr) * 1988-07-04 1996-04-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Chaudière à vapeur à passage unique
US5070937A (en) * 1991-02-21 1991-12-10 American Standard Inc. Internally enhanced heat transfer tube
EP0503116B2 (fr) * 1991-03-13 1997-11-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Tube avec plusieurs nervures hélicoidales sur sa paroi interne et générateur de vapeur en faisant usage
JP3091220B2 (ja) * 1991-04-18 2000-09-25 シーメンス アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト ほぼ垂直に配置された管から成る垂直煙道を備えた貫流ボイラ
JP2802184B2 (ja) * 1991-07-04 1998-09-24 住友軽金属工業株式会社 凝縮器用伝熱管

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR960705177A (ko) 1996-10-09
US5706766A (en) 1998-01-13
RU2123634C1 (ru) 1998-12-20
CN1132548A (zh) 1996-10-02
JPH09503284A (ja) 1997-03-31
DE59405540D1 (de) 1998-04-30
EP0720714A1 (fr) 1996-07-10
WO1995009325A1 (fr) 1995-04-06
DE4333404A1 (de) 1995-04-06

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