EP0717419A1 - Abgeschirmte elektrische Leiterbündel und Herstellungsverfahren - Google Patents

Abgeschirmte elektrische Leiterbündel und Herstellungsverfahren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0717419A1
EP0717419A1 EP95402610A EP95402610A EP0717419A1 EP 0717419 A1 EP0717419 A1 EP 0717419A1 EP 95402610 A EP95402610 A EP 95402610A EP 95402610 A EP95402610 A EP 95402610A EP 0717419 A1 EP0717419 A1 EP 0717419A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
elements
branches
bundle
branch
braiding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95402610A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0717419B1 (de
Inventor
Thierry Jean-Pierre Renaud
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Airbus Helicopters SAS
Original Assignee
Eurocopter France SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eurocopter France SA filed Critical Eurocopter France SA
Publication of EP0717419A1 publication Critical patent/EP0717419A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0717419B1 publication Critical patent/EP0717419B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/0045—Cable-harnesses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49117—Conductor or circuit manufacturing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49117—Conductor or circuit manufacturing
    • Y10T29/49123—Co-axial cable
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/51—Plural diverse manufacturing apparatus including means for metal shaping or assembling
    • Y10T29/5187—Wire working

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to bundles of electrical conductors, in particular those called harnesses, which are hardened, that is to say shielded against electromagnetic disturbances, and which are intended to electrically connect the various devices of a complex electrical installation , the proper functioning of which must be ensured, even in the event of electromagnetic interference.
  • harnesses are, for example, used on board aircraft, ships, tanks, etc.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for producing such a harness or harness.
  • harnesses consist of a bundle of conductors, stranded or not, distributed in several sub-bundles or branches, from branch nodes arranged along said bundle and connectors arranged at the free ends of said branches.
  • said harnesses are coated with metallic sheath elements completely covering said conductors.
  • a shielding sheath has the drawback, in particular under the effect of the vibrations to which said harnesses are subjected, of exerting an abrasive action on the objects in contact with it.
  • it can use the electrical insulation covering the conductors it surrounds or the shielding sheath of another harness (vice-versa). It is obvious that such an abrasive action can cause undesirable malfunctions of the installations comprising said harnesses.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy this drawback.
  • the bundle of multi-branch electrical conductors provided with an electromagnetic shielding system which consists of a network of metal sheath elements surrounding said conductors and ensuring the electrical continuity of said shielding system, is remarkable in that it comprises at least one network of braid elements, braided directly on said bundle from filaments of a wear-resistant material, so that said network of braid elements forms a protection against wear by friction likely to be exerted by said metal sheath elements.
  • said braid elements form a protection against the abrasive action of the metal sheath elements.
  • such braid elements can be arranged between said conductors and said metal sheath elements.
  • braid elements which are arranged on the external surface of said metal sheath elements.
  • this metal sheath is prevented from exerting a wear action on the objects with which it can be in contact and vice versa.
  • filaments constituting said braid elements can be of any kind, as long as they resist the abrasive action of the metal sheath, it is preferable that these filaments consist of a synthetic material, in particular hot-melt .
  • said filaments can be in the form of a thread, twisted or not, or else a strand of filaments (roving).
  • the present invention also relates to a method for producing a bundle of multi-branch electrical conductors, provided with an electromagnetic shielding system which consists of a network of metal sheath elements surrounding said conductors and ensuring continuity electrical of said shielding system.
  • This method is remarkable in that it provides on said bundle a protection against wear by friction liable to be exerted by said metal sheath elements and in that said protection is obtained by braiding, directly on said bundle, of at least one network of braid elements made up of filaments of a wear-resistant material.
  • said bundles of electrical conductors generally comprise nodes each joining three branches of said bundle.
  • three braid elements are formed, each of which passes from one of the three branches to one of the other two while being laterally crossed by the other of said two other branches and the couple of branches carrying each of said three braid elements is different from the pairs of branches carrying the other two braid elements.
  • said first, second and third braid elements may cover, respectively, all of said branch having the smallest section, all of said branch having the intermediate section and all of said branch having the largest section and, partially, near said node, said branch having the largest section, said branch having the smallest section and said branch having the intermediate section.
  • braid element To make such a braid element, one can start by forming an empty braiding tail, after which said braiding tail is applied to one of said branches of the bundle to carry said braiding element and the braiding of said element is started. braid on this last branch.
  • a braid element can be terminated by a vacuum braiding tail, which is applied to that of said branches carrying said braid element, on which said braid element is stopped.
  • said braiding tails can be used to lock in position the start and / or the end of said braid elements on the bundle of electrical conductors. It suffices for this purpose to provide hoops or the like to fix said braiding tails on the bundle. As a variant, certain braiding tails can be locked in position by one of the braid elements which covers them.
  • said braid element begins with a hem, as described above, on the tip of said connector, tip through which said branch enters said connector.
  • the production of said braid elements is preferably carried out from the branches the finest to the largest branches.
  • Figure 1 shows a portion of a bundle of electrical conductors, in the vicinity of a node connecting three branches.
  • Figure 2 shows, in cross section and on a larger scale than Figure 1, a known bundle of electrical conductors, provided with a metal sheath of electromagnetic shielding.
  • FIGs 3, 4 and 5 respectively illustrate, in cross sections similar to that of Figure 2, three embodiments for the bundle of electrical conductors according to the present invention.
  • FIGS. 6A to 6E schematically illustrate different steps of an exemplary implementation of the process for producing protective braid elements at the node of FIG. 1, in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIGS 7 and 8 illustrate alternative embodiments of the braid elements.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates the production of a braid element in the vicinity of a connector.
  • Figure 10 shows the formation of an interruption in the protective braiding.
  • FIG. 11 illustrates an exemplary implementation of the present invention for protecting a harness of conductors by the production of protective braid elements, in accordance with the present invention.
  • Figure 12 shows another example of a harness capable of being protected in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a portion of a bundle F of electrical conductors C, stranded or not, in the vicinity of a node N connecting three branches B1, B2 and B3 of said bundle F.
  • each branch of the latter is surrounded by an element EG of metal sheath G protecting the corresponding conductors C, against electromagnetic interference outside.
  • Such elements EG of metal sheath can be produced beforehand in the form of braid portions, then threaded onto said branches B1, B2 and B3 and finally electrically connected to each other by sleeves, for example heat shrinkable, at the nodes N, in order to ensure the electrical continuity of said metallic sheath G.
  • each element EG of metallic sheath can be braided directly on each of said branches B1, B2 and B3 and include an extension on another branch serving to ensure the electrical continuity of sheath. For this latter purpose, it is also possible to provide overstressing at the level of the nodes N.
  • such an element EG of metallic sheath G exerts an abrasive action, on the one hand, on the external insulator of the conductors C located at the periphery of the bundle F, in contact with said EG element, and, on the other hand, on objects, external to said beam (for example other beams), being in contact with said EG sheath element.
  • This abrasive action is all the more important that said bundle is subjected to vibrations and that said sheath G is in the form of a braid, and that, consequently, its surface is not smooth.
  • the object of the present invention is precisely to remedy the effects of such an abrasive action of the metal sheath G of electromagnetic protection.
  • branches B1, B2, B3, braid elements ETi and / or ETe all of which form a network constituting a protection Pi or Pe against l abrasive action of EG sheath elements.
  • the braid elements ETi are interposed between the conductors C of the bundle F and the sheath elements EG of the electromagnetic shielding sheath G.
  • the braid elements ETi form an internal protection Pi and protect therefore the conductors C of the abrasive action of the sheath elements EG.
  • the braid elements ETe which arranged on the outer face of the sheath elements EG.
  • the braid elements ETe form an external protection Pe and therefore protect, against the abrasive action of the sheath elements EG, external objects (for example other bundles of conductors) susceptible to be in contact with the outer periphery of said sheath elements EG and vice versa.
  • the embodiment of FIG. 5 comprises, at the same time, braid elements ETi forming an internal protection Pi and braid elements ETe forming an external protection Pe.
  • the braid elements ETi and ETe consist of filaments made of a material capable of withstanding the abrasive action of the sheath elements EG, such as a composite material, an aramid fiber, etc.
  • the braid elements ETi and ETe are braided directly on the branches of said bundle F, for example by means of a braiding loom.
  • said filaments form son (twisted or not) or wicks (roving) capable of being braided around the branches of said bundle.
  • the production of the braid elements ETi or ETe is carried out branch after branch, with partial overlapping of another branch, in order to ensure satisfactory overlapping of all of the nodes N.
  • FIGS. 6A to 6E an example of embodiment of the braid elements ETi and / or ETe is now described on the bundle F, at a node N.
  • the production of the braid elements ETi being identical to that braid elements ETe
  • the braid elements ET1, ET2 and ET3 of FIGS. 6A to 6E represent either elements ETe, or elements ETi, depending on whether the bundle F of FIG. 6A includes or not elements EG forming an electromagnetic protection sheath G.
  • the beam portion F has branches B1, B2, B3 of unequal sections, the branch B1 having the smallest section and the branch B3 the largest.
  • one begins, in this example, to carry out, when empty, a braiding tail Q1 (the bundle F not being placed on the loom to be braided) which is cut with the desired length, preferably by burning, especially when the braiding filaments are made of a hot-melt synthetic material.
  • a possible de-stressing of said tail Q1 is blocked.
  • the bundle F is placed in the braiding loom and the braiding tail Q1 is laid flat on the branch B3.
  • a braid element ET1 which comprises a part P1 covering the branch B3 in the vicinity of the node N and which completely covers the branch B1.
  • This braid element ET1 is produced so that the branch B2 crosses it laterally, at its connection to the node N.
  • the braiding parameters (number of braided strands, number of coils distributing said strands and no braiding) are adjusted for that said braid element ET1 and its part P1 cover, without gaps and without overlapping, respectively the entire branch B1 and partially the branch B3. Since it is assumed that the branch B1 has a smaller section than the branch B3, it is seen that it is necessary that the braiding pitch on the branch B3 (part P1) is smaller than on the branch B1.
  • the braiding of the bundle element F is continued by forming a braid tail Q2 which is applied on the braid element ET1, in the vicinity of the node N, then by producing a braid element ET2, which has a part P2 covering the braid element ET1 (that is to say the branch B1) in the vicinity of said node N and which completely covers branch B2.
  • the branch B3, partially covered with the braiding part P1 laterally crosses the braid element ET2, at its connection to the node N.
  • the braiding pitch of the the element ET2 is larger on the branch B1 than on the branch B2.
  • a braiding tail Q3 is formed when empty, which is applied to the braid element ET2 in the vicinity of the node N, and after which a braid element is produced.
  • the braiding pitch on the branch B2 is greater than on branch B3.
  • the braid element ET3 covers the braiding tail Q1 of the braid element ET1 and locks it in position.
  • the braiding tails Q1 and Q3 are themselves locked in position by hoops f2, f3 respectively surrounding the branches B1 and B2 and covered with a varnish, preventing them from coming apart under the effect of vibrations. .
  • FIGS. 6B to 6E is only one example of braiding among others, which takes into account the differences in section of branches B1, B2 and B3. With reference to FIGS. 7 to 11, variants of implementation will be indicated below.
  • the braiding tail Q1 is arranged flat on the branch B3 so that the beginning of braiding of the part P1 following the tail Q1, instead of taking place in the direction of node N as shown in FIGS. 6B to 6D, is produced on the contrary over a certain length of branch B3 while moving away from said node, so as to form a first inner layer c1.
  • the direction of advance of the braiding is reversed to approach the node N (the direction of the braiding and its inversion are represented by an arrow t1).
  • Such a hem keeps the braiding tail Q1 in position and allows obtaining '' a perfect braiding finish.
  • the braiding is continued to complete the part P1 and produce the element ET1 on the branch B1.
  • the braiding of this element can begin at the end of the branch B1 opposite the node N, instead of starting on the branch B3, as previously described. It is then advantageous to form a first braiding tail Q'1 which is applied to said branch B1 at some distance from this end, in order to be able to start braiding in the direction opposite to said node N, after which the direction of l is reversed. 'advance braiding (see arrow t2), to form a hem O blocking said braiding tail Q'1 in position.
  • the braiding of the element ET1 on the branch B1 is continued in the direction of the node N, then extended on the branch B3 to form the part P1.
  • a second braiding tail Q "1 is formed and applied to said branch B3. It can be fixed to it by a hoop, similar to the hoops f2 and f3 of FIG. 6E (not shown).
  • the embodiment of Figure 8 is particularly advantageous, when a CN connector is mounted at the end of said branch B1 (as shown in Figure 9) during the production of the element ET1.
  • the hem O can, by blocking the tail Q'1, fix the element ET1 on the end piece EB provided on said connector CN to make the branch B1 penetrate inside of it.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates that, on a branch B, a window FE can be produced by making two opposite braid elements ET and ET '.
  • this FIG. 10 provision has been made for the beginnings of braiding of the elements ET and ET 'each to include a hem O or O', as described with reference to FIGS. 7, 8 and 9.
  • these beginnings of braiding could be formed simple braiding tails, such as those of FIGS. 6B to 6D.
  • Such a window FE is particularly advantageous when the braid elements ET and ET 'cover an element EG of metallic sheath G.
  • said window FE allows to leave a part of said shield sheath G, which can be connected to a mass structure, for example the fuselage of an aircraft (helicopter).
  • the harness H shown in FIG. 11, represents a particular case of bundle of conductors F, in which the conductors C form a main trunk, from nodes from which branches are derived.
  • arrows have been drawn symbolizing the direction of braiding: the origin of an arrow marks the start of braiding and the end of an arrow indicates the braided branch and the end point of braiding.
  • the thickness of the lines of the branches of the harness symbolizes the sections of the different branches.
  • CN connectors are connected to the free ends of the branches and the embodiment of the braid elements is that of FIGS. 8 and 9, namely the start of braiding by forming a hem O on the end piece EB of the corresponding connector and braiding stop by braiding tail, preferably blocked by a hoop.
  • the protection of the harness H of FIG. 11 is done by progressing from the branches of smaller sections towards the branches of larger sections, by implementing the particular features of covering the nodes illustrated in FIGS. 6B to 6D.
  • the braid element ET11 which begins on the terminal branch B11 of smaller section and ends on the branch B31 (which corresponds to the branch B22 of the node N2). Then, the braid element ET21 is produced, which begins on the branch B21, of section greater than the branch B11 but less than the branch B31, and ends on the branch B11.
  • the braid element ET12 which covers the branch B12 is produced. and ends on branch B32 (which corresponds to branch B23 of node 3). This optimizes the braiding time and the use of the braiding loom, subsequently producing the braid elements having the same weaving parameters.
  • the braid element ET31 is then produced (in the manner of the element ET3 in FIG. 6D) by making it start on branch B21, cover the entire branch B31 (B22) and stop on branch B12 .
  • the two branches B15 and B25 are assumed to have the same section. We can then make a short braid element ET5 starting from B14 (B35) near the node N5 and stopping on the branch B15, near N5. The branches of identical section B15 and B25 are then covered by a single braid element ET15 (ET25), which begins at the end of the branch B15 and stops at the end of the branch B25.
  • FIG. 12 represents a harness H ′ comprising several branches connecting different equipment (not shown) and having variable sections, but having no main axis serving the different directions.
  • harness H 'of FIG. 12 can be coated with a braided protection, just like the harness H of FIG. 11.
  • these braid elements form an excellent finishing layer for harnesses. They can also serve as an underlay and reinforcement for a waterproofing coating applied to harnesses. Indeed, possibly, said braid elements could be the seat of a wicking effect propagating fluids (water, fuel, hydraulic fluid, ...), likely to come into contact with them, which could be dangerous. It is by example particularly so for harnesses arranged at least partially outside the fuselage of an aircraft. Also, it is advantageous to deposit a sealant, for example by means of a spray gun, on said braid elements in order to seal said harnesses. It will be noted that these braid elements then serve to strongly hang the sealing coating on the harness and avoid excessive abrasion of said coating.

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EP95402610A 1994-12-13 1995-11-21 Abgeschirmte elektrische Leiterbündel und Herstellungsverfahren Expired - Lifetime EP0717419B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9414968 1994-12-13
FR9414968A FR2728113A1 (fr) 1994-12-13 1994-12-13 Faisceau de conducteurs electriques blinde et son procede de realisation

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0717419A1 true EP0717419A1 (de) 1996-06-19
EP0717419B1 EP0717419B1 (de) 1999-07-07

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EP95402610A Expired - Lifetime EP0717419B1 (de) 1994-12-13 1995-11-21 Abgeschirmte elektrische Leiterbündel und Herstellungsverfahren

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US (2) US6255584B1 (de)
EP (1) EP0717419B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69510643T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2728113A1 (de)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US6255584B1 (en) 2001-07-03
EP0717419B1 (de) 1999-07-07
FR2728113A1 (fr) 1996-06-14
US6655016B2 (en) 2003-12-02
DE69510643T2 (de) 1999-11-11
US20010011601A1 (en) 2001-08-09
FR2728113B1 (de) 1997-02-14
DE69510643D1 (de) 1999-08-12

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