EP0713238B1 - Cavité résonante à couplage facilité - Google Patents
Cavité résonante à couplage facilité Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0713238B1 EP0713238B1 EP95402543A EP95402543A EP0713238B1 EP 0713238 B1 EP0713238 B1 EP 0713238B1 EP 95402543 A EP95402543 A EP 95402543A EP 95402543 A EP95402543 A EP 95402543A EP 0713238 B1 EP0713238 B1 EP 0713238B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cavity
- mast
- resonant cavity
- coupling
- wall
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/04—Coupling devices of the waveguide type with variable factor of coupling
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
- H01J23/36—Coupling devices having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube, for introducing or removing wave energy
- H01J23/38—Coupling devices having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube, for introducing or removing wave energy to or from the discharge
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of cavities resonants intended to be coupled, used in tubes electronics, especially those used as power amplifiers for television.
- Amplifier must have instantaneous bandwidth of the order of 8 MHz compatible with the various standards for transmit both sound and image. The operating range extends from 470 MHz to 860 MHz.
- Klystrons were generally used in the past for the television. They have a succession of cavities crossed by the electron beam, the necessary bandwidth in the chosen range is obtained by frequency tuning devices acting on the resonance frequencies of the different cavities. They don't have the mostly cavities intended to be coupled.
- the output circuit of such tubes therefore comprises a cavity primary through which the electron beam, a secondary cavity, a coupling system between the two cavities and a sampling device which extracts an output signal from the secondary cavity and transmits it to a user device such as an antenna.
- the primary and secondary cavities generally have a device allowing a variation of their volume and therefore of their frequency of resonance.
- This device can consist of a movable wall.
- the device sampling is generally carried out by a loop which embraces the lines of the magnetic field present in the secondary cavity.
- the secondary cavity is coupled to the primary cavity through a coupling port.
- This type of circuit output does not cover the full range of TV frequencies and the tube builder must offer several types of cavities secondary with different dimensions to cover the entire range.
- the coupling circuit between the two cavities consists of a loop which dives into the primary cavity, which extends by a conductive shaft and ends in the secondary cavity by a button-shaped conducting body.
- the coupling circuit is isolated electrically with respect to the walls of the cavities.
- the cavities being ventilated and high frequency energy being present in the cavities it as a result, the coupling circuit risks being charged electrically and that electrical arcs can be established between the coupling circuit and the walls. These electric arcs destroy the coupling between the two cavities.
- the present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks by offering a resonant cavity with easy coupling. This cavity does not have no parts electrically insulated from the walls and the risk of electric arc is lessened.
- the resonant cavity comprises an orifice coupling in one of its walls to couple it to another cavity and a electrically conductive mast erected from another wall opposite the first towards the coupling orifice, this mast ending in a part shaped like a hook in contact with the edge of the coupling orifice.
- the shaped hook part can be formed by a bend located substantially in the plane of the wall carrying the coupling orifice.
- the mast comes out of the cavity through the orifice of coupling. This configuration causes the mast to enter the cavity to which it is coupled and allows an adjustment of the degree of coupling between the two cavities.
- a loop plunges into the cavity so as to extract or inject microwave energy.
- An elongated conductive element substantially parallel to the mast electrically conductive, can also be provided in the cavity. This element plunges into the cavity from the wall opposite to that carrying the orifice coupling. It allows for a given resonance frequency to reduce the size of the cavity. It can also facilitate the coupling between the sampling or injection loop and the interior of the cavity.
- the present invention also relates to a beam tube electronic such as an inductive output tube having a primary cavity crossed by the electron beam and a resonant cavity with coupling facility described above.
- Figure 1 shows in cross section a primary cavity of tube with inductive output coupled to a secondary cavity.
- the primary cavity is labeled 1 and the secondary cavity is reference 2.
- the primary cavity 1 contains sliding tubes 3 which channel electrons in a beam emitted by an electron gun (not represented). In the figure the electron beam would be normal to the sheet.
- the primary cavity 1 has a central vacuum part around the sliding tubes 3 and a part in the air more outside.
- a insulating cylinder 4 seals between the two parts. This cylinder 4 is usually ceramic.
- the primary cavity may include at least one movable wall 5 of so as to vary its volume to adjust its resonant frequency.
- the primary cavity 1 is coupled to the secondary cavity by a coupling orifice 6 which makes the two cavities communicate 1.2.
- the cavities 1,2 On the face 1, the cavities 1,2 have a common wall 9 which carries the orifice 6.
- Energy microwave amplified by the tube is transmitted from the primary cavity 1 to the secondary cavity 2.
- a conductive loop 7 plunges into the cavity secondary 2, it is intended to draw the microwave energy present in the secondary cavity and to transmit it to a device of use located outside the cavity. This device is not shown.
- the loop conductive 7 passes through a wall 10 of the secondary cavity opposite to that 9 which carries the coupling orifice.
- the secondary cavity 2 comprises a conductive pin 8 coming from one of its other walls towards the center of the secondary cavity.
- This pawn 8 is oriented in the same direction as the lines of the electric field which is established in the secondary cavity.
- These cavities 1,2 generally both operate in a TE 010 mode.
- the electric field lines are in the secondary cavity 2 normal to the sheet and the magnetic field lines B embrace the pin 8.
- the magnetic field lines B embrace the sliding tubes 3 while the electric field lines are normal to the sheet.
- This tube outlet circuit does not cover all of the frequency ranges required and several types of cavities must be provided secondary of different dimensions to overcome this drawback.
- the coupling between the primary cavity 1 and the secondary cavity 2 instead of being carried out by a coupling orifice is carried out by a loop 20 which projects in the primary cavity 1 from a wall 30 and which embraces the magnetic field lines B .
- the loop 20 is extended by a conductive element 21 in the form button which projects into the secondary cavity 2 from one of its walls 31.
- the loop 20 and the conductive element 21 are connected by a shaft conductor 24 which passes through the two walls 30,31.
- a protuberance 22 is provided in the secondary cavity 2 conductive carried by a wall 32 opposite to that which carries the element conductor 21 in the form of a button. This protuberance 22 projects towards the conducting element 21 in the form of a button delimiting a space 23.
- a dielectric sleeve 25 electrically insulates the conductive shaft 24, the loop 20 and the conductive element 21 in the form of a button of the walls 30, 31.
- the walls of the cavities are generally grounded. The cavities are usually broken down. Air circulation and energy microwave present in the cavities cause loading electric of the loop 20 and of the conductive element 21 in the form of a button. Electric arcs may then be established between the coupling circuit and the walls which risks destroying the coupling between the two cavities.
- the primary cavity 1 comprises means to vary its interior volume to allow an adjustment of its resonant frequency.
- This device consists of two walls 5 of the primary cavity which are movable.
- a conductive loop 7 plunges into the secondary cavity 2 to collect the microwave energy present and transmit it to a device of use located outside the cavity. This device is not shown.
- TE 010 mode is also established in the cavities.
- Magnetic field lines B are represented.
- the magnetic field lines surround the sliding tubes and the electric field lines are normal to the sheet.
- the magnetic field lines B surround the button-shaped conducting element 21 and the electric field lines E are established between the conductive element 21 in the form of a button and the protuberance 22.
- the conductive loop 7 is placed so as to embrace the magnetic field lines.
- Figures 3a, 3b, 3c show an example of a resonant cavity 49, intended to be coupled, in accordance with the invention.
- Figure 3a is a view in exploded perspective
- Figure 3b a front view
- Figure 3c a top view.
- the resonant cavity 49 is in this example of shape parallelepiped and is delimited by conductive walls. We could have consider that it has another cylindrical shape for example.
- FIG. 4 shows a cavity according to the invention or cavity secondary coupled to a so-called primary cavity of tube with inductive output.
- An electroconductive mast 43 rises in the cavity 49, from a wall 42 opposite to that which carries the coupling orifice 41, facing the coupling orifice 41.
- This mast 43 ends with a part 44, shaped as a hook, in contact with the edge of the coupling orifice 41.
- the mast 43 and the coupling orifice 41 are located in the central area of the cavity 49.
- the mast 43 is substantially normal to the walls 40,41 and goes towards the central part of the coupling orifice 41.
- the hook-shaped part 44 is simply bent relative to the rest of the mast 43.
- the elbow 48 is substantially in the same plane as the wall 40 which carries the coupling orifice 41 and its end is in contact with the edge of the coupling hole.
- the electric field lines E are radial at the coupling orifice 41.
- the electric field is zero along the portion 44 shaped as a hook and maximum between the mast 43 and the edge of the coupling orifice diametrically opposite the point of contact with the elbow .
- the predominant coupling between the two cavities is electrical.
- the cavity 49 may include a device for adjusting its volume and therefore its resonant frequency.
- FIG. 3c two walls are shown schematically 45,46 mobile, they are contiguous with that 40 which carries the coupling orifice 41.
- the cavity 49 which is here an outlet cavity comprises a loop 47 for sampling the microwave energy present inside the cavity.
- This loop 47 plunges into the cavity 49, embracing the magnetic field lines B who settle there.
- Magnetic field lines B are shown in Figures 4a, 4b.
- the mast 43 can comprise a part which leaves the cavity through the coupling orifice 41.
- FIG. 4a This is illustrated in Figure 4a.
- the primary cavity 53 is conforms to those of Figures 1 and 2. Since the section is now longitudinal we see with the reference 50 an electron gun for produce electrons, two sliding tubes with references 51 and 52 on either side of the primary cavity 53.
- the insulating cylinder around the sliding tubes 51, 52 bears the reference 54.
- the magnetic field lines B surround the sliding tubes 51,52.
- the resonant cavity according to the invention has the same references as those of Figures 3a, 3b, 3c.
- the mast 43 enters the primary cavity 53 and its hook-shaped part 44 embraces the magnetic field lines B who settle there.
- a TE 010 mode is established in the primary cavity 53.
- the degree of coupling between the two cavities is a function of the mast portion 43 which enters the primary cavity 53.
- the insertion of the mast 43 into the primary cavity 53 can be adjusted from the outside.
- the hook-shaped part 44 is no longer a simple bend but a curved loop whose end is in contact with the edge of the coupling orifice 41.
- the curved loop is formed of two sections at right angles.
- the coupling between the two cavities 53,49 is both magnetic and electrical.
- the mode which is established is no longer the TE 010 mode because of the presence of the mast 43.
- This mode has magnetic field lines B which embrace the mast 43.
- the sampling loop 47 is placed so as to also embrace these magnetic field lines.
- the movable walls are not visible in this figure, they are parallel to the sheet.
- the mast 43 and the coupling orifice 41 do not are more located in the central zone of the cavity 49.
- the mast 43 is offset from the central area of the wall 42, towards the sampling or injection loop 47. This configuration allows to reduce the dimensions of the cavity 49. This is interesting because we always looking for a reduction in size.
- the elements which correspond have the same references as on the Figure 4a.
- the mast 43 is fixed. His foot is attached to the wall 42 and its end from the edge of the coupling orifice 41.
- an elongated conductive element placed 48 substantially parallel to the mast 43 electrically conductive comes from the wall 42 which carries the mast 43. It is preferably cylindrical. It has a capacitive effect. It can be mobile or fixed. It reduces the resonant frequency of the cavity to constant bulk or reduce the bulk of the cavity to constant frequency. If it is placed between the sampling loop 47 and the mast 43, it concentrates the magnetic field towards the loop 47. It facilitates the coupling and reduces the dimensions of the loop 47.
- the mast 43 can be made of a conductive material of electricity such as copper or aluminum.
- the walls of the cavities are usually aluminum, copper or brass.
- Mast 43 can be fixed by soldering or welding, for example to the wall 42 and to the coupling orifice 41 if it is fixed. If the mast position 43 can be adjusted to adjust the degree coupling between the two cavities as in Figure 4a, there is a mechanical and electrical contact between the mast 43 and the wall 42 and between the mast 43 and the coupling orifice 41.
- the hook-shaped part 44 can be produced for example, by folding or by assembling one or more sections.
- the forms of hook shown are just examples. Other forms are possible without departing from the scope of the invention.
- the resonant cavity according to the invention can be used with any type of electron beam tube having at least one coupled resonant cavity.
- the description which has just been made concerned a cavity secondary resonant output.
- the invention can also be applied to a secondary input cavity coupled to a primary input cavity.
- the secondary input resonant cavity would include a microwave energy injection loop.
Landscapes
- Microwave Tubes (AREA)
- Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
Description
- la figure 1 est une coupe transversale d'un tube à sortie inductive selon l'art connu;
- la figure 2 est une coupe transversale d'un autre tube à sortie inductive de type connu;
- les figures 3a,3b,3c représentent respectivement une vue en perspective éclatée, une coupe et une vue de dessus d'une cavité selon l'invention.
- les figures 4a, 4b deux coupes longitudinales partielles d'un tube à sortie inductive muni d'une cavité conforme à l'invention.
Claims (13)
- Cavité résonante (49) délimitée par des parois (40,42) parmi lesquelles une première (40) comportant un orifice de couplage (41) pour coupler ladite cavité à une autre cavité, caractérisée en ce qu'elle contient un mât (43) électroconducteur issu d'une seconde paroi (42) opposée à la première (40) et dressé face à l'orifice de couplage (41), ce mât (43) se terminant par une partie (44) conformée en crochet en contact avec le bord de l'orifice de couplage (41), le pied du mât (43) étant en contact avec la seconde paroi (42).
- Cavité résonante (49) selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la partie (44) conformée en crochet comporte un coude (48) situé sensiblement dans le plan de la première paroi (40).
- Cavité résonante (49) selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'une portion du mât (43) sort de la cavité (49) par l'orifice de couplage (41).
- Cavité résonante selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que la partie du mât (43) qui sort de la cavité (49) est réglable.
- Cavité résonante selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que la partie (44) conformée en crochet est en forme de boucle.
- Cavité résonante selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que l'extrémité de la partie (44) conformée en crochet est solidaire du bord de l'orifice de couplage (41).
- Cavité résonante selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte une boucle (47) de prélèvement ou d'injection d'énergie hyperfréquence dans la cavité.
- Cavité résonante selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte un dispositif (45,46) pour faire varier son volume.
- Cavité résonante selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisée en ce que le mât (43) est situé sensiblement dans la zone centrale de la seconde paroi (42).
- Cavité résonante selon l'une des revendications 7 à 8, caractérisée en ce que le mât (43) est décalé par rapport à la zone centrale de la seconde paroi (42), vers la boucle (47) de prélèvement ou d'injection.
- Cavité résonante selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte un élément conducteur allongé (48) sensiblement parallèle au mât (43) électroconducteur.
- Cavité résonante selon la revendication 11, caractérisée en ce que l'élément conducteur allongé (48) est placé entre la boucle (47) de prélevement ou d'injection et le mât (43).
- Tube à faisceau d'électrons comportant au moins une cavité (53) traversée par le faisceau d'électrons caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une cavité résonante (49) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12 couplée à la cavité (53) traversée par le faisceau d'électrons.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9413840A FR2727244B1 (fr) | 1994-11-18 | 1994-11-18 | Cavite resonante a couplage facilite |
FR9413840 | 1994-11-18 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0713238A1 EP0713238A1 (fr) | 1996-05-22 |
EP0713238B1 true EP0713238B1 (fr) | 1998-08-19 |
Family
ID=9468938
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95402543A Expired - Lifetime EP0713238B1 (fr) | 1994-11-18 | 1995-11-14 | Cavité résonante à couplage facilité |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5854536A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0713238B1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69504168T2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2727244B1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5847627A (en) * | 1996-09-18 | 1998-12-08 | Illinois Superconductor Corporation | Bandstop filter coupling tuner |
US6191651B1 (en) * | 1998-04-03 | 2001-02-20 | Litton Systems, Inc. | Inductive output amplifier output cavity structure |
FR2828007B1 (fr) * | 2001-07-27 | 2004-02-13 | Thales Sa | Dispositif d'amplification d'un signal haute frequence |
GB2423413B (en) * | 2005-02-21 | 2010-08-04 | E2V Tech | Coupler arrangement for a linear beam tube having an integral cavity |
FR2935534B1 (fr) * | 2008-08-29 | 2015-02-13 | Thales Sa | Dispositif de couplage entre cavites resonnantes pour tube electronique et tube electronique comprenant le dispositif |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2444194A (en) * | 1944-03-20 | 1948-06-29 | Rca Corp | Frequency stabilization system |
US2414456A (en) * | 1945-04-19 | 1947-01-21 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Electrical testing system |
US2543809A (en) * | 1946-01-08 | 1951-03-06 | Sperry Corp | Coupling loop |
US2895110A (en) * | 1956-08-16 | 1959-07-14 | Varian Associates San Carlos | High frequency apparatus |
US3214684A (en) * | 1962-10-03 | 1965-10-26 | Varian Associates | Broadband variable coupler for microwave energy |
GB1087328A (en) * | 1964-11-25 | 1967-10-18 | Rank Bush Murphy Ltd | A method of varying the coupling between u.h.f. circuits |
US3427570A (en) * | 1967-06-14 | 1969-02-11 | Us Army | Contradirectional waveguide coupler |
DE2040495A1 (de) * | 1970-08-14 | 1972-02-17 | Licentia Gmbh | Filteranordnung bestehend aus einem mehrkreisigen Hohlleiterfilter |
US4051447A (en) * | 1976-07-23 | 1977-09-27 | Rca Corporation | Radio frequency coupler |
JPS6128215A (ja) * | 1984-07-18 | 1986-02-07 | Tokyo Inst Of Technol | マイクロ波パルス源 |
GB2277193B (en) * | 1993-04-13 | 1996-05-22 | Eev Ltd | Electron beam tubes |
US5239272A (en) * | 1990-03-09 | 1993-08-24 | Eev Limited | Electron beam tube arrangements having primary and secondary output cavities |
DE4122802C1 (fr) * | 1991-07-10 | 1992-12-17 | Schott Glaswerke, 6500 Mainz, De |
-
1994
- 1994-11-18 FR FR9413840A patent/FR2727244B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-11-14 DE DE69504168T patent/DE69504168T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-11-14 EP EP95402543A patent/EP0713238B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-11-17 US US08/560,079 patent/US5854536A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2727244B1 (fr) | 1996-12-13 |
US5854536A (en) | 1998-12-29 |
FR2727244A1 (fr) | 1996-05-24 |
EP0713238A1 (fr) | 1996-05-22 |
DE69504168T2 (de) | 1998-12-24 |
DE69504168D1 (de) | 1998-09-24 |
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