Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
  • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
  • F24F13/08—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates
  • F24F13/10—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
  • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
  • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
  • F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
  • F24F11/74—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
  • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
  • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
  • F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
  • F24F11/74—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
  • F24F11/75—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity for maintaining constant air flow rate or air velocity
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
  • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
  • F24F11/89—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
  • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
  • F24F13/08—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates
  • F24F13/082—Grilles, registers or guards
  • F24F2013/087—Grilles, registers or guards using inflatable bellows

Definitions

• the present invention relates to an automatic device for supplying air to a room under vacuum.
• Construction techniques are more and more developed and implemented satisfactorily, which results in an increasingly high seal of the housing vis-à-vis the air inlets.
• Ventilation or heating / ventilation combination devices are developing significantly. To be truly effective, these installations are less tolerant of deviations in pressure or actual flow rate, relative to the pressures or flow rates calculated.
• a gas boiler connected to the general mechanical ventilation of a housing, requires, when operating, a relatively precise flow of fresh air to ensure complete combustion in complete safety.
• This air is in principle supplied by the air inlets distributed in the housing.
• the number of air intakes, arranged in the main rooms, is determined by the minimum ventilation requirement of these rooms.
• Another solution would be to dimension the air inlets much more significantly in the main rooms, to ensure both the function of supplying air to the boiler when it is operating, and of distribution in the main rooms when the boiler does not work.
• the object of the invention is to provide an automatic device for supplying air to a room under vacuum, which can produce an air supply as soon as the vacuum inside the room rises beyond a certain threshold, to allow a direct supply of the devices which need an air supply, without passing through the main rooms for the necessary air supplement.
• This device automatically closes this air supply when the pressure drops below a threshold which is different from the opening threshold.
• Another object of the invention is to provide an automatic air supply device which does not disturb the air distribution in the main rooms, whether during an exceptional supply period of the room under vacuum, or when this room is at normal pressure.
• the device which it relates to of the type comprising an air supply duct connecting this room with the exterior, equipped with at least one shutter, is characterized in that it comprises:
• At least one flexible bag made of an airtight material, placed in an enclosure in communication with the interior of the room to be supplied, and whose interior volume is in communication with the outside of this room, by the '' through a passage of very small section,
• each shutter flap means of direct or indirect connection between each pocket and each flap, and - means making it possible, on the one hand, to keep each shutter flap in the closed position as long as the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the local does not exceed a predetermined value and the other p ⁇ rt, maintain each shutter in open position so that the pressure difference between inside and outside the space does not fall below a other predetermined value, lower than the value required to open the shutter.
• the pocket inflates and acts on the shutter or shutter and / or the aforementioned means for actuating the shutter shutter, from its closed position to its open position, and vice versa.
• each shutter flap of the conduit is associated with return means in the closed position, these means exerting on the flap a return force which increases as the movement of the flap towards its maximum opening position.
• the device is shaped so that each shutter is in the closed position when the bag or bags are deflated and in the open position when the bag or bags are inflated.
• the device advantageously includes, in this case, means for holding and returning the shutter flap to the closed position below a certain threshold of pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the room, these means being at abrupt engagement or release when this threshold is reached, and preferably constituted by at least one magnet, ensuring an operating hysteresis.
• the vacuum inside the housing should be maintained long enough before opening the shutter.
• the parasitic phenomena of untimely openings due to gusts of wind are therefore eliminated by this device.
• the flexible pocket is not directly affected by the wind and is therefore not influenced by it.
• the device is shaped so that the swelling or deflation of the flexible bag or bags acts directly on the movement of the flap or flaps, that is to say without the presence of an elastic means between the pocket (s) and the flap (s).
• the enclosure containing the flexible bag is arranged parallel to the air supply duct, adjacent thereto, the shutter flap extending partly in this enclosure and partly in the duct and being articulated at the level of the partition wall between the duct and the enclosure, around an axis transverse to the axis of the duct.
• the enclosure containing the flexible bag is formed inside the air supply duct, offset axially with respect to the shutter flaps, being located on the side of the interior of the room with respect to them.
• inside the air supply duct is disposed at least one pocket, the internal volume of which communicates with the outside of the room by a tube, and which is housed between a fixed panel mounted longitudinally in the duct, and a also longitudinal panel which, movable relative to the first, is mechanically connected to a shutter flap disposed upstream.
• the two fixed and mobile panels are articulated one on the other along one of their edges situated against the wall of the duct, a shutter flap being articulated, at the upstream end of the duct, around a axis parallel to the axis of articulation of the panels, a rod parallel to this axis of articulation rigidly connecting the movable panel and the shutter shutter.
• the two fixed and mobile panels are articulated one on the other along one of their edges situated against the wall of the duct, two shutter flaps being arranged upstream in the duct, constituted by two discs having identical openings formed in a regular angular distribution, the disc arranged most upstream being fixed and the other disc placed in contact with the first being pivoting about an axis corresponding to the axis of the duct between a position where its openings are offset from those of the first disc and a position in which they correspond to those of the first disc, the second disc having at least one axis protruding from the downstream side, offset from the axis of rotation , and on which is articulated one end of a link, the other end of which is articulated on an axis integral with the movable panel.
• the device is shaped so that the swelling or deflation of the flexible bag acts indirectly on the movement of the flap (s), that is to say by means of an elastic means placed between the pocket and the flap.
• the flexible bag is placed between a wall of the enclosure which contains it and a pivoting flap articulated to a wall of this enclosure, said pivoting flap being connected to the one of the ends of at least one control spring, the other end of which is secured to the shutter, the latter comprising means as mentioned above for maintaining and returning it to the closed position below a certain pressure difference threshold between inside and outside the room.
• the shutter remains in the closed position below this threshold, the added forces of the return means (preferably a return spring and magnets) being greater than the force of the control spring or springs.
• the pocket inflates when a pressure difference occurs, placing additional stress on the control spring (s).
• the tension of the control spring or springs is such that it tears off the magnet mounted on the shutter from the influence of the magnet mounted on the seat of this shutter.
• the latter finds a position of equilibrium between the tension of the return spring and that of the control spring or springs, this position being a function of the air flow.
• the bag gradually deflates as the pressures between the inside and outside of the room are balanced.
• the tension of the control spring or springs decreases and the shutter progressively approaches its seat until the magnets which it comprises return it to the closed position.
• the device is shaped so that the shutter flap is in the closed position when the bag is inflated and in the open position when the bag is deflated, means being provided for to put the interior volume of the bag at the pressure of the room beyond a certain threshold of pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the room, and, consequently, to cause the deflation of the bag, and to restore the interior volume of the pocket at the pressure prevailing outside of the room below another pressure difference threshold between the inside and the outside of the room.
• the device comprises: - a first pocket, which comes to close the flap during its swelling and keep it pressed against its seat when it is inflated, the interior volume of this pocket being in communication with the outside of the room via a passage of very small section;
• a second pocket also whose internal volume is in communication with the outside of the room via a passage of very small section, this second pocket being placed between a wall of the enclosure which contains it and a flap pivoting articulated to a wall of this enclosure;
• a switching means located on the passage of small section feeding said first pocket, adapted to be actuated by said pivoting flap, depending on whether said second pocket is inflated or deflated, between two positions, namely a normal position in which the interior volume of the first pocket is in communication with the outside of the room and a position in which said interior volume is placed in communication with the inside of the room.
• the first pocket When a pressure difference occurs between the interior and the exterior of the room, the first pocket inflates and keeps the shutter against its seat, while the second pocket, which also inflates, moves the pivoting shutter against which it is when a predetermined pressure difference threshold is reached.
• the movement of this pivoting flap activates said means that can be tilted between two positions, which puts the interior volume of the first pocket under the pressure prevailing inside the premises.
• the first pocket is deflates and, the pressure exerted on the shutter being greater than the force of the return spring thereof, the shutter opens to a position of equilibrium.
• the second pocket deflates and the pivoting flap, as well as the two-position means which it actuates, are brought back to their original position.
• the shutter is gradually returned to the closed position by its spring as the internal and external pressures are balanced.
• the return means of the pivoting flap are such that they exert on the flap a return force which increases as the second pocket swells.
• the pivoting flap can also advantageously be equipped with means for its retention and its return to its position corresponding to the deflated state of the second pocket, below a certain pressure difference threshold between the inside and the outside of the local, these means being snap-in or abrupt-release when this threshold is reached and, preferably, constituted by one or more magnets, ensuring an operating hysteresis.
• Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a first device
• Figure 2 is a perspective view after partial cutaway of the wall of the conduit, of a second device
• Figure 3 is an end view of this second device
• Figure 4 is a longitudinal sectional view
• Figure 5 is a perspective view of another embodiment of this device, after cutaway of a portion of the wall of the conduit;
• Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view on an enlarged scale of this third device
• Figures 7 to 10 are views in longitudinal section of a fourth device during four successive phases of operation;
• Figure 1 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a fifth device, according to another embodiment;
• Figures 12 and 13 are views in longitudinal section of a sixth device during two different phases of operation and
• Figure 14 represents two curves showing the evolution of the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the room and the degree of opening of the shutter shutter of the device, over time and according to the pressure difference between l inside and outside the room.
• the device represented in FIG. 1 comprises a duct 2 capable of placing a room I in communication with the outside E. To this duct 2 is adjacent an enclosure 3 communicating with the inside I of the room, and therefore subjected to pressure of this room. In the enclosure 3 is housed a flexible and airtight pocket 4, the interior volume of which communicates with the exterior E by a tube 5 of very small section.
• a flap 6 articulated around an axis 7 transverse to the axis of the duct 2, and a part of which penetrates inside the duct 2 and is capable of closing the latter .
• the shutter 6 is kept in the closed position by a magnet 8, integral with the wall of the duct, cooperating with a piece 9 of magnetic material fixed to the end of the shutter.
• a spring 10 acts on the end of the flap 6 located inside the enclosure 3 to tilt the latter towards its closed position.
• the bag 4 is deflated, and the flap 6 is in the closed position of the duct 2.
• air is admitted through the tube 5 into the pocket 4, taking into account the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of this pocket.
• the pocket 4 exerts a force on the flap 6 clockwise.
• this force has a sufficient value, it allows the flap to tilt after detachment of the part made of magnetic material 9 with respect to the magnet 8.
• the air is thus admitted inside the room, without risk of flapping phenomenon of the flap, which is perfectly stabilized by the combined action of the pocket 4 and the spring 10.
• the pocket 4 deflates, under the action of the spring 10, and the flap 6 pivots to its closed position, in which it is held by the magnet 8.
• the conduit 12 of tubular shape and of cylindrical section, contains two pockets 13, arranged on either side of a fixed central wall 14 in the form of a panel oriented longitudinally. Each pocket 13 also bears against a second movable panel 15, articulated by one of its edges on an edge of the panel 14, in contact with the wall of the duct 12.
• the two pockets 13 are supplied with outside air by a pipe 16 small section.
• two shutters 17 At the upstream end of the conduit 12 are arranged two shutters 17 in the form of a circular sector, articulated around an axis 18 parallel to the axis 19 of articulation of the panels 15, and pivoting between two positions, namely a position in which they completely close off the duct and a position in which after pivoting they partially release the latter.
• the two shutters 17 are equipped with parts 22 of magnetic material intended to cooperate, in the closed position, with a magnet 21 fixed on the conduit.
• Each shutter 17 is connected by a rod 23 to a pivoting panel 15.
• the rods 23 are integral with both the panels 15 and the flaps 17, and oriented parallel to the axes 18, 19 of articulation of the shutters and the panels. This device functions like the first device, the passage of the shutters in the open position when the bags 13 are inflated.
• Figures 5 and 6 show an alternative embodiment of the device of Figures 2 to 4, wherein the same elements are designated by the same references as above.
• the device comprises two shutters in the form of discs 32 and 33, each comprising identical openings 34, 35 arranged in a regular angular distribution. These two discs are pressed against each other, and have been shown discarded in Figure 5 for the sake of clarity.
• the disc 33 is fixed, while the disc 32 is pivotally mounted about an axis 36 corresponding to the axis of the duct.
• This disc 36 is maintained in the closed position, that is to say the position in which the openings 34 and 35 are offset from one another, by means of a magnet 37 fixed on the conduit cooperating with a piece of magnetic material 38 fixed to the disc 32.
• This disc 32 comprises, protruding from the downstream side, two axes 39, parallel to the axis 36 but offset with respect thereto, each articulated at one end of a link 40, the other end of which is articulated on an axis 42 integral with a panel 15 bearing against a flexible pocket 13. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the two panels 15 are articulated at the two ends of the central panel 14, so that the movements of the two rods 40 are opposite one on the other to drive the disc 32 in the same direction.
• this device is the same as that of the preceding devices, the disc 32 being actuated towards its open position, that is to say bringing its openings 34 into coincidence with the openings 35 of the disc 33, when filling the pockets 13.
• Figures 7 to 10 show another device according to the invention, which differs from the devices described above in that it is shaped so that the swelling or deflation of the flexible bag acts indirectly on the movement of the flap shutter, that is to say by means of an elastic means placed between the pocket and the flap.
• the flexible bag 50 is placed between a wall 51 a of the enclosure 51 which contains it and a pivoting flap 52 articulated to a wall 51 b of this enclosure.
• the pivoting flap 52 is connected to one end of at least one control spring 53, the other end of which is integral with the shutter flap 54.
• the latter comprises a spring 55 and a magnet-part couple made of magnetic material 56 allowing maintaining it and returning it to the closed position below a certain pressure difference threshold between the interior I and the exterior E of the room.
• the stiffnesses of the springs 53 and of the spring 55 are such that the shutter flap 54 remains in the closed position below this pressure difference threshold, the added forces of the return spring 55 and of the magnets 56 being greater than the force of the springs of command 53 (figure 7).
• the bag 50 inflates when a pressure difference occurs, by exerting additional tension on the control springs 53 (FIG. 8).
• the tension of the control springs 53 is such that it tears off the magnet 56 mounted on the shutter flap 54 of the piece of material magnetic mounted on the seat of this flap 54 ( Figure 9).
• the force resulting from the attraction of the magnet 56 and of this part decreases very quickly as the flap 54 pivots. This imbalance increases from the start of pivoting, ensuring minimum opening.
• the flap 54 pivots until it then finds a position of equilibrium between the tension of the return spring 55 and that of the control springs 53, this position being a function of the air flow rate (FIG. 10).
• FIG. 14 shows two schematic curves making it possible to clearly visualize the different operating phases of the device according to the invention, and in particular of the device shown in FIGS. 7 to 10. These curves are plotted in a frame where the values of the time and on the ordinate the values of the pressure differences between the interior and the exterior of the room as well as the values corresponding to the degree of opening of the shutter that the device according to the invention comprises.
• the curve in solid line materializes the evolution of the values of the pressure differences over time and that in broken lines materializes the evolution of the values corresponding to the degree of opening of the shutter flap over time.
• the vacuum in the housing is stable up to point A, at a level below the opening threshold ⁇ P1 of the device; the shutter flap 54 is therefore in the closed position shown in FIG. 7.
• the vacuum increases; the shutter 54 remains closed.
• point B that is to say becomes equal to the threshold ⁇ P1 of pressure difference between the interior and the exterior of the housing necessary for the opening of the shutter
• the shutter shutter 54 passes very quickly from position B 'shown in Figure 8, where it is still closed, in position B "shown in FIG. 9: the threshold return device constituted by the magnet 56 and the piece of corresponding magnetic material releases the flap, the latter being driven in the direction of its opening by the springs 53.
• the vacuum in the housing goes below a second threshold value ⁇ P2 below which the threshold return device constituted by the magnet 56 and the piece of magnetic material associated with it again enters action and returns the flap 54 to the fully closed position (passage from point F 'to point F ").
• the depression in the housing then stabilizes at approximately the same level as its original level (point G, G ').
• Figure 10 shows a fifth device according to another embodiment of the invention, which differs from the previous devices in that it is shaped so that the shutter is in the closed position when the bag is inflated and in the open position when the bag is deflated.
• the device shown in Figure 1 1 comprises, on the one hand, a first pocket 60 placed between a wall 61 a of the enclosure 61 which contains it and the shutter 62 and, on the other hand, a pocket 63 placed between a wall 61b of the enclosure 61 and a pivoting flap 64.
• the passage of small section 65 by which the interior volumes of the two pockets 60 and 63 communicate with the exterior E comprises, on the branch 65a which leads to said first pocket 60, a switching device 66 capable of being actuated by said pivoting flap 64 between two positions, namely a normal position in which the interior volume of the first pocket 60 is in communication with the outside of the room and a position in which said interior volume is placed in communication with the interior I of the room.
• this device 66 comprises a tubular body 67 and a movable member 68.
• the body 67 is pierced transversely with four holes distributed in two pairs of holes located opposite, including a first pair of holes connected to the bypass 65a on either side of the device 66 and including a second pair of holes in which the part of the bypass 65a connecting the device 66 to the pocket 60 is connected to the interior I of the housing.
• the member 68 is movable by sliding in the body 67, and comprises a shouldered head 68a which comes to bear against the pivoting flap 64 and an internal part shaped to put the holes of each pair of holes alternately in communication with one another.
• a spring 69 is interposed between the head 68a and the body 67.
• the shutter 62 is further equipped with a return spring 70 which normally keeps it in the closed position and the pivoting shutter 64 as well as the wall 61a comprise a magnet couple 71 - piece of magnetic material capable of normally holding the pivoting shutter 64 in a position which corresponds to the deflated state of the pocket 63.
• the shutter 62 is held in the closed position by its return spring 70, the pocket 63 being deflated and the interior volume of the first pocket 60 being, through the device 66, in communication with the outside of the room.
• the first pocket 60 inflates and contributes to maintaining the shutter 62 against its seat, while the second pocket 63, which also inflates , moves the pivoting flap 64 against which it is located when a predetermined threshold of pressure difference is reached.
• the movement of the flap 64 actuates the device 66, which puts the interior volume of the first pocket 60 at the pressure prevailing inside the premises.
• the first pocket 60 deflates and, the pressure exerted on the shutter 62 being greater than the force of the return spring 70, the shutter 62 opens up to a position of equilibrium.
• the second pocket 63 deflates and the flap 64 pivots under the action of the spring 69, which acts as a return spring and, at the end of pivoting , under the action of the magnet 71.
• the device 66 is also returned to its original position in which the interior volume of the pocket 60 is in communication with the exterior E.
• the shutter is gradually returned to the closed position by its spring 70 as and when the internal and external pressures are balanced.
• Figures 12 and 13 show a device operating on the same principle.
• the elements described with reference to Figure 1 1 which are found in this device are designated, for simplicity, by the same reference numerals.
• the device 66 comprises a body 67, open at one of its ends on the passage 65 and at the other end on the interior of the room, and a movable member 68 comprising two sealing washers 72 capable of alternately closing off one or the other of these ends.
• the member 68 comprises two washers 73 forming a stop, against one or the other of which can bear the shutter 64, to move the member 68 in its two positions.
• the flap 64 is returned to the position corresponding to the deflation of the pocket 63 by a return spring 74 which, thanks to one of the washers 73, normally maintains the device 68 in the position it occupies in FIG. 11, know the position in which the interior volume of the pocket 60 is in communication with the exterior E.
• the invention brings a great improvement to the existing technique by providing a device of simple design ensuring the temporary and automatic supply of a room, in which there is a depression, without this device being sensitive. to external phenomena, such as the wind.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
• Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)
• Specific Sealing Or Ventilating Devices For Doors And Windows (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

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ID=26230558

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• 1993
  • 1993-11-08 FR FR9313539A patent/FR2708994B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1994
  • 1994-08-10 WO PCT/FR1994/000999 patent/WO1995004903A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1994-08-10 EP EP94924907A patent/EP0712480A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1994-08-10 KR KR1019960700685A patent/KR100347814B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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