EP0711247A1 - Device for applying liquid to a warp - Google Patents

Device for applying liquid to a warp

Info

Publication number
EP0711247A1
EP0711247A1 EP95919421A EP95919421A EP0711247A1 EP 0711247 A1 EP0711247 A1 EP 0711247A1 EP 95919421 A EP95919421 A EP 95919421A EP 95919421 A EP95919421 A EP 95919421A EP 0711247 A1 EP0711247 A1 EP 0711247A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
liquid
thread
thread guide
guide groove
guide grooves
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95919421A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0711247B1 (en
Inventor
Arnold Kremers
Helmut Knoll
Volker Knoll
Reiner Schmitt
Volker Rueschenbaum
Gerhard Grebing
Werner Tobergte
Hans-Joachim Schaupp
Gerhard Nitschke
Heinrich Wallraven
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Akzo Nobel NV
Original Assignee
Akzo Nobel NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Akzo Nobel NV filed Critical Akzo Nobel NV
Publication of EP0711247A1 publication Critical patent/EP0711247A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0711247B1 publication Critical patent/EP0711247B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B1/00—Applying liquids, gases or vapours onto textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing or impregnating
    • D06B1/08—Applying liquids, gases or vapours onto textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing or impregnating from outlets being in, or almost in, contact with the textile material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H71/00—Moistening, sizing, oiling, waxing, colouring or drying filamentary material as additional measures during package formation
    • B65H71/007—Oiling, waxing by applying liquid during spooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2701/00—Handled material; Storage means
    • B65H2701/30—Handled filamentary material
    • B65H2701/31—Textiles threads or artificial strands of filaments

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for applying a liquid to a group of threads.
  • Such a device is known from DE-A-34 12 039.
  • the liquid is fed to the thread sheet via a liquid-permeable surface, which consists of a sintered material.
  • the liquid-permeable surface can have grooves. Since the liquid path through the liquid-permeable surface having grooves has a different length, a uniform supply of liquid to the individual threads cannot be guaranteed. While a relatively large amount of liquid emerges from the bottom of the groove, only a small amount of liquid can be observed on the walls. For this reason, it is obviously also recommended to use two such surfaces which are arranged opposite one another with respect to the thread sheet.
  • Another disadvantage of using sintered material is that it is used over a longer period of time selectively clogged, so that when it is used to apply threads to a family of threads, after a while it is no longer possible to apply all of the threads with the same amount of liquid. If this happens, the entire sintered material body must be replaced.
  • Another disadvantage is that the known device can be adapted only with great effort to thread groups of different thread numbers and / or spacings.
  • thread wetting elements which have at least one thread guide groove, each thread guide groove being assigned a liquid feed, the liquid feeds being designed as bores or grooves, the liquid distributor being designed as a holder, with which the thread wetting elements are connected, and that all thread wetting elements are connected to one another.
  • thread wetting elements When loading single threads, thread wetting elements are known which contain a thread guide groove and a liquid supply assigned to the thread guide groove, but whose liquid supplies are each fed via lines (DE-U-74 42 133, DE-A-24 33 507). These devices are very complex since it must be ensured that all lines to the liquid supply lines are supplied with the same amount of liquid, which is usually achieved in such a way that these lines have the same length. These devices are not at all suitable for loading threads of thread sheets, because the known devices, which are provided for the treatment of individual threads, would require large thread spacings. The consequence of this is that an enormous space requirement would be required for such a device. In this respect, the thread wetting elements known for the wetting of single threads have so far been rejected for the use for wetting thread sheets.
  • the device according to the invention is not only suitable for applying liquids such as softening agents, antistatic agents, rinsing oils, sizing agents, dyes or the like, but can also be used in the production of mono- or To act upon multi-filament threads with liquids which serve for the reaction of the thread which is not yet finished, or for washing out or introducing chemical substances from or into the threads.
  • the use of the device according to the invention can in many cases dispense with the hitherto usual baths in which the thread coulters have to be immersed several times.
  • the device according to the invention for liquid aftertreatments of monofilament or multifilament threads spun over solvent mixtures, for example made of cellulosic materials such as cuproammoniu, viscose or NMMO, made of aramids or the like.
  • the device according to the invention is characterized in particular by the fact that the distance between adjacent thread guide grooves can be freely selected and can be adapted to the requirements by exchanging the wetting elements.
  • a spacing of adjacent thread guide grooves of 2 to 30 mm, in particular 3 to 4 mm, has proven to be very effective.
  • the device according to the invention has proven particularly useful when successive thread guide grooves are at different distances from the liquid distributor, so that the thread guide grooves are alternately offset.
  • An offset of adjacent thread guide grooves of 2 to 10 mm is to be regarded as particularly advantageous. In this way, even with a small thread division in the thread family, it is ensured that, in the treatment of particularly sensitive threads, adjacent threads cannot stick together or influence each other in any other way.
  • the usability for thread groups of different thread numbers and / or spacing is particularly favorable if the thread wetting elements have 2 to 20 thread guide grooves in the device according to the invention.
  • each thread wetting element is connected to the liquid distributor via a snap lock.
  • the liquid distributor should be heating devices in the device according to the invention contain, which keeps the temperature of the liquid contained in the liquid distributor constant over its length.
  • liquid feeds are arranged in such a way that they open into the thread guide groove on the thread inlet side. In this way it is achieved that the entire length of the liquid groove is available for the application of liquid.
  • liquid feeds in such a way that the liquid is fed to the thread guide grooves at least predominantly in a laminar manner, and an angle of 60 to 90 ° with the running direction of the thread guide groove form. If a thread for treatment is present in the thread guide groove, the liquid is supplied to the thread at an angle of 60 to 90 °.
  • the liquid feeds are designed such that the liquid is fed to the thread guide grooves at least predominantly turbulently, and an angle of 10 to 80 ° with the Form the running direction of the thread guide groove. This can intensify the treatment of the threads.
  • the addition of turbulent liquid can result in the filaments of the thread being pushed apart, which makes it possible to treat each individual filament evenly.
  • the device according to the invention is particularly simple when the liquid feeds are grooves.
  • the liquid distributor has an overflow for the liquid, and that the thread wetting elements are arranged on the liquid distributor in such a way that the overflowing liquid is fed into the liquid feeds.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross section through a device according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a side view of the device according to FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 shows the top view of the device according to FIG. 1
  • FIG. 4 shows a side view of an individual thread wetting element of the device according to FIGS. 1 to 3,
  • FIG. 5 shows the top view of the thread wetting element according to FIG. 4,
  • FIG. 6 shows the detail X according to FIG. 5
  • FIG. 7 view U of the thread wetting element according to FIG. 4,
  • FIG. 8 view V of the thread wetting element according to FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross section
  • FIG. 2 shows a side view
  • FIG. 3 shows a top view of a device according to the invention.
  • a thread wetting element 1 has a liquid supply in the form of a groove 2, which runs at an angle of approximately 80 ° to the thread running direction, which corresponds to the direction of the thread guide groove 3.
  • the thread wetting element 1 is connected to a liquid distributor 4 via the snap lock 12.
  • the liquid distributor 4 has a storage container 5, from which the liquid (not shown) is fed to the liquid feed 2 via the overflow 6.
  • the amount of liquid that is fed to each individual thread can be influenced and kept constant by the adjustable height of the overflow 8 in the discharge channel 7.
  • the liquid distributor 4 is connected to the holder 13 via screws 14.
  • the holder 13 is that Link to a device, not shown, for the treatment or production of threads which pass through this device, not shown, as a group of threads.
  • a plurality of thread wetting elements 1 are connected to one another by means of a threaded rod 9 and two nuts 15.
  • the thread wetting elements 1 (in the thread running direction) at the end of the thread guide groove 3 have means for removing the excess liquid in the form of a specially shaped groove 10.
  • the thread wetting element 1 is sealed against the liquid distributor 4 via seals 11. Sealing walls 18, which are fastened to the liquid distributor 4 via the holder 16 and screws 17, prevent the liquid from overflowing from the liquid container 4 outside the thread wetting elements 1.
  • the device according to the invention can be easily adjusted to any number of threads via the number of thread wetting elements 1, which in the case shown have 6 thread guide grooves 3.
  • the threads can be wetted by thread groups which have a multiple of 6, for example 48, 60, 144 threads. If the number of threads in the present case has a number that is not divisible by six, either individual thread guide grooves can remain unoccupied, since the liquid supplied to an unused thread guide groove 3 is discharged again into a collecting trough (not shown) via the discharge groove 10, or at the end a single thread wetting element 1 with a different number of thread guide grooves 3 is used.
  • the liquid distributor 4 is closed on both sides by stops 19 and side walls 20, only one side being shown in the figures, while the other is shown Side of the liquid distributor 4 is shown cut off (dotted line).
  • FIG. 4 shows a single thread wetting element in side view and in FIG. 5 in top view.
  • the liquid supply in the form of a groove is again denoted by 2 and the thread guide groove by 3.
  • the thread wetting element has an extension 21, via which it can be plugged together with the next thread wetting element via a corresponding recess (number 24 in FIG. 7).
  • the thread guide grooves 3 are at different distances from the liquid distributor (not shown here), so that the thread guide grooves 3a and 3b are arranged at alternating distances from the liquid distributor. This is clearly emphasized again in FIG. 6, in which the detail X according to FIG. 5 is shown.
  • FIG. 7 shows a further side view of the thread wetting element 1, which side view is designated by U in FIG. 4, while the side view of this thread wetting element designated by V is shown in FIG. 8.
  • the thread wetting elements can either be clamped individually onto the liquid distributor, all thread wetting elements then being pushed into one another via the threaded rod 9 and the nuts 15, or, if the weight permits, they can be plugged together beforehand and screwed together before they work together on the Liquid distributors are pinched.
  • each thread wetting element has a bore 25.
  • the liquid removal groove 10 has a notch 22, via which dripping at the end of the thread guide groove 3 is effectively prevented.

Landscapes

  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)
  • Fixing For Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Photographic Processing Devices Using Wet Methods (AREA)
  • Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/EP95/01730 Sec. 371 Date Mar. 18, 1996 Sec. 102(e) Date Mar. 18, 1996 PCT Filed May 6, 1995 PCT Pub. No. WO95/32141 PCT Pub. Date Nov. 30, 1995An apparatus for applying a liquid to threads of a yarn sheet. The apparatus comprises multiple thread wetting elements, each of which has at least one thread guide groove for each thread. In the thread guide groove the thread travels with the liquid and each thread guide groove has one associated liquid feed bore or groove for supplying the liquid to the thread guide groove. The liquid feed bore or groove terminates in the thread guide groove. There is a liquid distributor which is implemented as a support to which the thread wetting elements are attached and which supplies liquid feed to each liquid bore or groove. The separation of adjacent thread guide grooves is 2 to 30 mm, and adjacent thread guide grooves are different distances from the liquid distributor such that the thread guide grooves are offset in an alternating manner.

Description

Vorrichtung zum Beaufschlagen einer Fadenschar mit Flüssigkeit Device for loading a sheet of thread with liquid
Beschreibung:Description:
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Beaufschlagen einer Fadenschar mit einer Flüssigkeit.The invention relates to a device for applying a liquid to a group of threads.
Eine derartige Vorrichtung ist aus DE-A-34 12 039 bekannt. Hierbei wird die Flüssigkeit der Fadenschar über eine flüssigkeitsdurchlässige Fläche, die aus einem Sinter¬ material besteht, zugeführt. Die flüssigkeitsdurchlässige Fläche kann Nuten aufweisen. Da der Flüssigkeitsweg durch die Nuten aufweisende, flüssigkeitsdurchlässige Fläche unterschiedliche Länge aufweist, ist eine gleichmäßige Zufuhr von Flüssigkeit auf die einzelnen Fäden nicht gewährleistet. Während im Nutgrund relativ viel Flüssigkeit austritt, ist an den Wänden nur eine geringe Menge an Flüssigkeit zu beobachten. Aus diesem Grunde wird offen¬ sichtlich auch empfohlen, zwei derartige Flächen zu verwenden, die in Bezug auf die Fadenschar gegenüberliegend angeordnet sind. Nachteilig bei der Verwendung von Sinter¬ material ist außerdem, daß dieses bei längerem Gebrauch punktuell verstopft, sodaß bei dessen Gebrauch zur Beauf¬ schlagung von Fäden einer Fadenschar nach einiger Zeit nicht mehr alle Fäden mit derselben Menge an Flüssigkeit beauf¬ schlagt werden können. Tritt dieser Fall ein, muß der ganze Sintermaterialkörper ausgetauscht werden. Ein weiterer Nachteil besteht darin, daß die bekannte Vorrichtung nur unter großem Aufwand an Fadenscharen unterschiedlicher Fadenzahlen und/oder -abstände angepaßt werden können.Such a device is known from DE-A-34 12 039. Here, the liquid is fed to the thread sheet via a liquid-permeable surface, which consists of a sintered material. The liquid-permeable surface can have grooves. Since the liquid path through the liquid-permeable surface having grooves has a different length, a uniform supply of liquid to the individual threads cannot be guaranteed. While a relatively large amount of liquid emerges from the bottom of the groove, only a small amount of liquid can be observed on the walls. For this reason, it is obviously also recommended to use two such surfaces which are arranged opposite one another with respect to the thread sheet. Another disadvantage of using sintered material is that it is used over a longer period of time selectively clogged, so that when it is used to apply threads to a family of threads, after a while it is no longer possible to apply all of the threads with the same amount of liquid. If this happens, the entire sintered material body must be replaced. Another disadvantage is that the known device can be adapted only with great effort to thread groups of different thread numbers and / or spacings.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Vorrichtung zum Beaufschlagen von Fäden einer Fadenschar mit einer Flüssigkeit, welche für jeden Faden eine Fadenführungsnut aufweist, wobei in die Fadenführungsnut eine Flüssigkeits¬ zuführung einmündet, und alle Flüssigkeitszuführungen aus einem Flüssigkeitsverteiler gespeist werden, derart auszu¬ bilden, daß die Beaufschlagung gleichmäßig erfolgt, und daß die Vorrichtung in besonders einfacher Weise unterschied¬ lichen Fadenzahlen und/oder -abständen angepaßt werden kann.It is an object of the present invention to provide a device for loading threads of a thread sheet with a liquid, which has a thread guide groove for each thread, a liquid feed opening into the thread guide groove and all liquid feeds being fed from a liquid distributor that the loading takes place uniformly and that the device can be adapted in a particularly simple manner to different thread numbers and / or spacings.
Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß Fadenbenetzungs¬ elemente vorgesehen sind, die mindestens eine Fadenführungs- nut aufweisen, wobei jeder Fadenführungsnut jeweils eine Flüssigkeitszuführung zugeordnet ist, daß die Flüssigkeits¬ zuführungen als Bohrungen oder Nuten ausgebildet sind, daß der Flüssigkeitsverteiler als Halter ausgebildet ist, mit dem die Fadenbenetzungselemente verbunden sind, und daß alle Fadenbenetzungselemente miteinander verbunden sind.This object is achieved in that thread wetting elements are provided which have at least one thread guide groove, each thread guide groove being assigned a liquid feed, the liquid feeds being designed as bores or grooves, the liquid distributor being designed as a holder, with which the thread wetting elements are connected, and that all thread wetting elements are connected to one another.
Bei der Beaufschlagung von Einzelfäden sind zwar Faden¬ benetzungselemente bekannt, die eine Fadenführungsnut und eine der Fadenführungsnut zugeordnete FlüssigkeitsZuführung enthalten, deren Flüssigkeitzuführungen aber jeweils über Leitungen gespeist werden (DE-U-74 42 133, DE-A-24 33 507). Diese Vorrichtungen sind sehr aufwendig, da dafür gesorgt werden muß, daß alle Leitungen zu den Flüssigkeitszu¬ führungen mit derselben Menge an Flüssigkeit gespeist werden, was in der Regel derart erreicht wird, daß diese Leitungen dieselbe Länge aufweisen. Zum Beaufschlagen von Fäden von Fadenscharen eignen sich diese Vorrichtungen über¬ haupt nicht, weil die bekannten Vorrichtungen, die zur Behandlung von Einzelfäden vorgesehen sind, große Fadenab¬ stände erfordern würden. Dies hat zur Folge, daß für eine solche Vorrichtung einer enormer Platzbedarf erforderlich wäre. Insofern wurden die für die Benetzung von Einzelfäden bekannten Fadenbenetzungselemente für die Verwendung zur Benetzung von Fadenscharen bisher verworfen.When loading single threads, thread wetting elements are known which contain a thread guide groove and a liquid supply assigned to the thread guide groove, but whose liquid supplies are each fed via lines (DE-U-74 42 133, DE-A-24 33 507). These devices are very complex since it must be ensured that all lines to the liquid supply lines are supplied with the same amount of liquid, which is usually achieved in such a way that these lines have the same length. These devices are not at all suitable for loading threads of thread sheets, because the known devices, which are provided for the treatment of individual threads, would require large thread spacings. The consequence of this is that an enormous space requirement would be required for such a device. In this respect, the thread wetting elements known for the wetting of single threads have so far been rejected for the use for wetting thread sheets.
Überraschenderweise hat es sich gezeigt, daß die erfindungs¬ gemäße Vorrichtung nicht nur zum Auftragen von Flüssigkeiten wie Avivagen, Antistatikas, Spulölen, Schlichtemitteln Farb¬ stoffen o. ä. geeignet ist, sondern auch dazu eingesetzt werden kann, bei der Herstellung von Mono- oder Multi- filamentfäden mit Flüssigkeiten zu beaufschlagen, die der Ausreaktion des noch nicht fertigen Fadens, oder der Aus¬ waschung bzw. der Einbringung von chemischen Stoffen aus den bzw. in die Fäden dienen. In diesem Falle können durch die Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung in vielen Fällen auf die bisher üblichen Bäder, in die die Faden- scharen mehrfach eingetaucht werden müssen, verzichtet werden. Beispiel hierfür ist der Einsatz der erfindungs¬ gemäßen Vorrichtung zu Flüssigkeitsnachbehandlungen von über Lösungsmittelgemischen ersponnenen Monofil- oder Multi- filamentfäden, beispielsweise aus cellulosischen Materialien wie Cuproammoniu , Viskose oder NMMO, aus Aramiden o. ä. Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zeichnet sich insbesondere dadurch aus, daß der Abstand benachbarter Fadenführungsnuten frei gewählt und durch Austausch der Benetzungselemente den Erfordernissen angepaßt werden kann. Ein Abstand benach¬ barter Fadenführungsnuten von 2 bis 30 mm, insbesondere von 3 bis 4 mm hat sich bestens bewährt.Surprisingly, it has been shown that the device according to the invention is not only suitable for applying liquids such as softening agents, antistatic agents, rinsing oils, sizing agents, dyes or the like, but can also be used in the production of mono- or To act upon multi-filament threads with liquids which serve for the reaction of the thread which is not yet finished, or for washing out or introducing chemical substances from or into the threads. In this case, the use of the device according to the invention can in many cases dispense with the hitherto usual baths in which the thread coulters have to be immersed several times. An example of this is the use of the device according to the invention for liquid aftertreatments of monofilament or multifilament threads spun over solvent mixtures, for example made of cellulosic materials such as cuproammoniu, viscose or NMMO, made of aramids or the like. The device according to the invention is characterized in particular by the fact that the distance between adjacent thread guide grooves can be freely selected and can be adapted to the requirements by exchanging the wetting elements. A spacing of adjacent thread guide grooves of 2 to 30 mm, in particular 3 to 4 mm, has proven to be very effective.
Bei engen Fadenabständen der Fadenschar hat sich die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung insbesondere dann bewährt, wenn aufeinanderfolgende Fadenführungsnuten unterschiedliche Ab¬ stände zum Flüssigkeitsverteiler aufweisen, sodaß die Faden¬ führungsnuten alternierend versetzt angeordnet sind. Hierbei ist ein Versatz benachbarter Fadenführungsnuten von 2 bis 10 mm als besonders vorteilhaft anzusehen. Auf diese Weise wird auch bei kleiner Fadenteilung in der Fadenschar sicher¬ gestellt, daß bei der Behandlung von insbesondere noch empfindlichen Fäden, benachbarte Fäden nicht miteinander verkleben oder sich in sonstiger Weise beeinflussen können.In the case of narrow thread spacings of the thread sheet, the device according to the invention has proven particularly useful when successive thread guide grooves are at different distances from the liquid distributor, so that the thread guide grooves are alternately offset. An offset of adjacent thread guide grooves of 2 to 10 mm is to be regarded as particularly advantageous. In this way, even with a small thread division in the thread family, it is ensured that, in the treatment of particularly sensitive threads, adjacent threads cannot stick together or influence each other in any other way.
Die Einsatzfähigkeit für Fadenscharen unterschiedlicher Fadenzahlen und/oder -abstände gelingt besonders günstig, wenn bei der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung die Fadenbe¬ netzungselemente 2 bis 20 Fadenführungsnuten aufweisen.The usability for thread groups of different thread numbers and / or spacing is particularly favorable if the thread wetting elements have 2 to 20 thread guide grooves in the device according to the invention.
Hierbei hat es sich besonders bewährt, wenn jedes Faden- benetzungselement über einen Schnappverschluß mit dem Flüssigkeitsverteiler verbunden ist.It has proven particularly useful here if each thread wetting element is connected to the liquid distributor via a snap lock.
Gelingt die Fadenbehandlung bei erhöhter Temperatur besonders günstig, sollte bei der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung der Flüssigkeitsverteiler Heizeinrichtungen enthalten, die die Temperatur der im Flüssigkeitsverteiler enthaltenen Flüssigkeit auch über dessen Länge konstant hält.If the thread treatment is carried out particularly advantageously at elevated temperature, the liquid distributor should be heating devices in the device according to the invention contain, which keeps the temperature of the liquid contained in the liquid distributor constant over its length.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die Flüssigkeitszu¬ führungen derart angeordnet sind, daß sie in die Faden¬ führungsnut auf der Fadeneinlaufseite einmünden. Auf diese Weise wird erreicht, daß die gesamte Länge der Flüssig¬ keitsnut zur Flüssigkeitsbeaufschlagung zur Verfügung steht.It is particularly advantageous if the liquid feeds are arranged in such a way that they open into the thread guide groove on the thread inlet side. In this way it is achieved that the entire length of the liquid groove is available for the application of liquid.
Bei Flüssigkeitsbehandlungen, die an gegen mechanische Beanspruchung noch empfindlichen Fäden ausgeführt werden, hat es sich bewährt, die Flüssigkeitszuführungen derart auszubilden, daß die Flüssigkeit den Fadenführungsnuten zumindest überwiegend laminar zugeführt wird, und einen Winkel von 60 bis 90° mit der Laufrichtung der Faden¬ führungsnut bilden. Ist in der Fadenführungsnut ein Faden zur Behandlung vorhanden, wird also dem Faden die Flüssig¬ keit in einem Winkel von 60 bis 90° zugeführt.In the case of liquid treatments which are carried out on threads which are still sensitive to mechanical stress, it has proven useful to design the liquid feeds in such a way that the liquid is fed to the thread guide grooves at least predominantly in a laminar manner, and an angle of 60 to 90 ° with the running direction of the thread guide groove form. If a thread for treatment is present in the thread guide groove, the liquid is supplied to the thread at an angle of 60 to 90 °.
Soweit es die Stabilität der Fäden zuläßt, kann es je nach Behandlungsfall auch von Vorteil sein, wenn die Flüssig¬ keitszuführungen derart ausgebildet sind, daß die Flüssig¬ keit den Fadenführungsnuten zumindest überwiegend turbulent zugeführt wird, und einen Winkel von 10 bis 80° mit der Laufrichtung der Fadenführungsnut bilden. Hierdurch kann die Behandlung der Fäden intensiviert werden. Insbesondere bei Multifilamentfäden kann durch die Zuführung von turbulenter Flüssigkeit erreicht werden, daß die Filamente des Fadens auseinandergedrängt werden, wodurch eine gleichmäßige Behandlung jedes einzelnen Filaments möglich wird. Durch besondere Einfachheit zeichnet sich die erfindungs¬ gemäße Vorrichtung dann aus, wenn die Flüssigkeitszu¬ führungen Nuten sind. Hierbei hat es sich besonders bewährt, wenn der Flüssigkeitsverteiler einen Überlauf für die Flüssigkeit aufweist, und daß die Fadenbenetzungselemente derart auf dem Flüssigkeitsverteiler angeordnet sind, daß die überlaufende Flüssigkeit in die Flüssigkeitszuführungen gespeist wird. Durch exakte waagerechte Ausrichtung der Überlaufkante des Überlaufs und Konstanthaltung der Flüssig¬ keitshöhe im Flüssigkeitsverteiler kann somit auf sehr ein¬ fache Weise sichergestellt werden, daß jedem Faden dieselbe, zumindest in etwa dieselbe Flüssigkeitsmenge zugeführt wird.As far as the stability of the threads permits, it can also be advantageous, depending on the treatment case, if the liquid feeds are designed such that the liquid is fed to the thread guide grooves at least predominantly turbulently, and an angle of 10 to 80 ° with the Form the running direction of the thread guide groove. This can intensify the treatment of the threads. In the case of multifilament threads in particular, the addition of turbulent liquid can result in the filaments of the thread being pushed apart, which makes it possible to treat each individual filament evenly. The device according to the invention is particularly simple when the liquid feeds are grooves. It has proven particularly useful here if the liquid distributor has an overflow for the liquid, and that the thread wetting elements are arranged on the liquid distributor in such a way that the overflowing liquid is fed into the liquid feeds. By exact horizontal alignment of the overflow edge of the overflow and keeping the liquid level constant in the liquid distributor, it can thus be ensured in a very simple manner that the same, at least approximately the same, amount of liquid is supplied to each thread.
Die gegenseitige Beeinflussung benachbarter Fäden der Fadenschar kann insbesondere dann wirksam verhindert werden, wenn in Fadenlaufrichtung am Ende jeder Fadenführungsnut Trennmittel zum Nachbarfaden vorhanden sind, die ein Über¬ springen des Flüssigkeitsfilms zum Nachbarfaden verhindern. Zusätzliche Einrichtungen sorgen bei nicht belegten Stellen für eine gezielte Flüssigkeitsabfuhr und vermeiden so die Beeinflussung von belegten Nebenstellen. Beispiele für der¬ artige Mittel ergeben sich aus DE-U-74 42 133 und DE-A-24 33 507) .The mutual influencing of adjacent threads of the thread sheet can be effectively prevented, in particular, if there are separating means to the neighboring thread at the end of each thread guide groove in the thread running direction, which prevent the liquid film from jumping over to the neighboring thread. Additional devices ensure that the liquid is drained away when there are no vacancies, thus avoiding the influence of occupied extensions. Examples of such agents result from DE-U-74 42 133 and DE-A-24 33 507).
Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung wird anhand der nach¬ folgenden Figuren näher erläutert.The device according to the invention is explained in more detail with reference to the following figures.
Es zeigen:Show it:
Figur 1 Einen Querschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung,FIG. 1 shows a cross section through a device according to the invention,
Figur 2 eine Seitenansicht der Vorrichtung nach Figur 1, Figur 3 die Draufsicht auf die Vorrichtung nach Figur 1,FIG. 2 shows a side view of the device according to FIG. 1, FIG. 3 shows the top view of the device according to FIG. 1,
Figur 4 eine Seitenansicht eines einzelnen Faden- benetzungselements der Vorrichtung gemäß den Figuren 1 bis 3,FIG. 4 shows a side view of an individual thread wetting element of the device according to FIGS. 1 to 3,
Figur 5 die Draufsicht auf das Fadenbenetzungselement gemäß Figur 4,FIG. 5 shows the top view of the thread wetting element according to FIG. 4,
Figur 6 die Einzelheit X gemäß Figur 5,FIG. 6 shows the detail X according to FIG. 5,
Figur 7 Ansicht U des Fadenbenetzungselements gemäß Figur 4,FIG. 7 view U of the thread wetting element according to FIG. 4,
Figur 8 Ansicht V des Fadenbenetzungselements gemäß Figur 4.FIG. 8 view V of the thread wetting element according to FIG. 4.
In Figur 1 ist ein Querschnitt, in Figur 2 eine Seiten¬ ansicht und in Figur 3 eine Draufsicht einer erfindungs¬ gemäßen Vorrichtung dargestellt. Ein Fadenbenetzungs¬ element 1 weist eine Flüssigkeitszuführung in Form einer Nut 2 auf, welche in einem Winkel von etwa 80° zur Faden¬ laufrichtung, die mit der Richtung der Fadenführungsnut 3 übereinstimmt, verläuft. Das Fadenbenetzungselement 1 ist über den Schnappverschluß 12 mit einem Flüssigkeitsver¬ teiler 4 verbunden. Der Flüssigkeitsverteiler 4 weist einen Vorratsbehälter 5 auf, aus dem die (nicht dargestellte Flüssigkeit) über den Überlauf 6 der Flüssigkeitszuführung 2 zugeführt wird. Die Flüssigkeitsmenge, die jedem einzelnen Faden zugeführt wird, kann durch die einstellbare Höhe des Überlaufs 8 in den Abführkanal 7 beeinflußt und konstant gehalten werden. Der Flüssigkeitsverteiler 4 ist mit dem Halter 13 über Schrauben 14 verbunden. Der Halter 13 ist das Bindeglied zu einer nicht dargestellten Vorrichtung zur Behandlung oder zur Herstellung von Fäden, die diese nicht dargestellte Vorrichtung als Fadenschar durchlaufen. Mehrere Fadenbenetzungselemente 1 sind mit Hilfe einer Gewinde¬ stange 9 und zwei Muttern 15 miteinander verbunden. Die Fadenbenetzungselemente 1 weisen (in Fadenlaufrichtung) am Ende der Fadenführungsnut 3 Mittel zum Abführen der über¬ schüssigen Flüssigkeit in Form einer speziell geformten Nut 10 auf. Über Dichtungen 11 ist das Fadenbenetzungs¬ element 1 gegen den Flüssigkeitsverteiler 4 abgedichtet. Abdichtwände 18, welche über den Halter 16 und Schrauben 17 am Flüssigkeitsverteiler 4 befestigt sind, verhindern, daß die Flüssigkeit aus dem Flüssigkeitsbehälter 4 außerhalb der Fadenbenetzungselemente 1 überlaufen kann. Über die Anzahl der Fadenbenetzungsle ente 1, die im gezeigten Fall 6 Faden¬ führungsnuten 3 aufweisen, kann die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung leicht auf jede Fadenzahl eingestellt werden. Im vorliegenden Fall, bei dem jedes einzelne Fadenbe¬ netzungselement 1 sechs Fadenführungsnuten 3 aufweist, können die Fäden von Fadenscharen benetzt werden, welche ein Vielfaches von 6, also beispielsweise 48, 60, 144 Fäden auf¬ weisen. Weist die Fadenzahl im vorliegenden Fall eine nicht durch sechs teilbare Zahl auf, können entweder einzelne Fadenführungsnuten unbelegt bleiben, da ja die einer unbe¬ legten Fadenführungsnut 3 zugeführte Flüssigkeit über die Abführungsnut 10 wieder in eine (nicht dargestellte) Auf¬ fangwanne abgeführt wird, oder am Ende ein einzelnes Faden¬ benetzungselement 1 mit einer anderen Anzahl von Faden¬ führungsnuten 3 eingesetzt werden. Der Flüssigkeits¬ verteiler 4 ist nach beiden Seiten über Anschläge 19 und Seitenwände 20 abgeschlossen, wobei in den Figuren lediglich die eine Seite dargestellt ist, während auf der anderen Seite der Flüssigkeitsverteiler 4 abgeschnitten dargestellt ist (punktierte Linie) .1 shows a cross section, FIG. 2 shows a side view and FIG. 3 shows a top view of a device according to the invention. A thread wetting element 1 has a liquid supply in the form of a groove 2, which runs at an angle of approximately 80 ° to the thread running direction, which corresponds to the direction of the thread guide groove 3. The thread wetting element 1 is connected to a liquid distributor 4 via the snap lock 12. The liquid distributor 4 has a storage container 5, from which the liquid (not shown) is fed to the liquid feed 2 via the overflow 6. The amount of liquid that is fed to each individual thread can be influenced and kept constant by the adjustable height of the overflow 8 in the discharge channel 7. The liquid distributor 4 is connected to the holder 13 via screws 14. The holder 13 is that Link to a device, not shown, for the treatment or production of threads which pass through this device, not shown, as a group of threads. A plurality of thread wetting elements 1 are connected to one another by means of a threaded rod 9 and two nuts 15. The thread wetting elements 1 (in the thread running direction) at the end of the thread guide groove 3 have means for removing the excess liquid in the form of a specially shaped groove 10. The thread wetting element 1 is sealed against the liquid distributor 4 via seals 11. Sealing walls 18, which are fastened to the liquid distributor 4 via the holder 16 and screws 17, prevent the liquid from overflowing from the liquid container 4 outside the thread wetting elements 1. The device according to the invention can be easily adjusted to any number of threads via the number of thread wetting elements 1, which in the case shown have 6 thread guide grooves 3. In the present case, in which each individual thread wetting element 1 has six thread guide grooves 3, the threads can be wetted by thread groups which have a multiple of 6, for example 48, 60, 144 threads. If the number of threads in the present case has a number that is not divisible by six, either individual thread guide grooves can remain unoccupied, since the liquid supplied to an unused thread guide groove 3 is discharged again into a collecting trough (not shown) via the discharge groove 10, or at the end a single thread wetting element 1 with a different number of thread guide grooves 3 is used. The liquid distributor 4 is closed on both sides by stops 19 and side walls 20, only one side being shown in the figures, while the other is shown Side of the liquid distributor 4 is shown cut off (dotted line).
In Figur 4 ist ein einzelnes Fadenbenetzungselement in Seitenansicht und in Figur 5 in Draufsicht dargestellt. Die Flüssigkeitszuführung in Form einer Nut ist wiederum mit 2 und die Fadenführungsnut mit 3 bezeichnet. Das Fadenbe¬ netzungselement weist einen Ansatz 21 auf, über den es über eine entsprechende Aussparung (Nr 24 in Figur 7) mit dem nächsten Fadenbenetzungselement zusammengesteckt werden kann. Die Fadenführungsnuten 3 weisen zum (hier nicht darge¬ stellten) Flüssigkeitsverteiler hin unterschiedliche Abstände auf, sodaß die Fadenführungsnuten 3a und 3b in alternierende Abständen zum Flüssigkeitsverteiler hin angeordnet sind. Dies wird in Figur 6, in welcher die Einzelheit X gemäß Figur 5 dargestellt ist, noch einmal deutlich hervorgehoben.FIG. 4 shows a single thread wetting element in side view and in FIG. 5 in top view. The liquid supply in the form of a groove is again denoted by 2 and the thread guide groove by 3. The thread wetting element has an extension 21, via which it can be plugged together with the next thread wetting element via a corresponding recess (number 24 in FIG. 7). The thread guide grooves 3 are at different distances from the liquid distributor (not shown here), so that the thread guide grooves 3a and 3b are arranged at alternating distances from the liquid distributor. This is clearly emphasized again in FIG. 6, in which the detail X according to FIG. 5 is shown.
Figur 7 zeigt eine weitere Seitenansicht des Faden- benetzungselements 1, welche Seitenansicht in Figur 4 mit U bezeichnet ist, während in Figur 8 die mit V bezeichnete Seitenansicht dieses Fadenbenetzungselementes dargestellt ist. Über die Nase 23, die, wie in Figur 1 dargestellt, in eine Dichtung 11 greift, den federnden Teil 26 des Faden¬ benetzungselementes 1 und den Schnappverschluß 12 können alle Fadenbenetzungselemente auf den Flüssigkeitsverteiler 4 in besonders einfacher Weise aufgeklemmt werden. Die Faden¬ benetzungselemente können entweder einzeln auf den Flüssig¬ keitsverteiler aufgeklemmt werden, wobei alle Fadenbe¬ netzungselemente anschließend über die Gewindestange 9 und die Muttern 15 ineinander geschoben werden, oder, sofern es das Gewicht es zuläßt, vorher zusammengesteckt und mitein¬ ander verschraubt werden, bevor diese gemeinsam auf den Flüssigkeitsverteiler aufgeklemmt werden. Für die Gewinde¬ stange 9 weist jedes Fadenbenetzungselement eine Bohrung 25 auf. Zur besseren Abfuhr überschüssiger Flüssigkeit weist die Flüssigkeitsabführungsnut 10 eine Kerbe 22 auf, über die wirksam ein Abtropfen am Ende der Fadenführungsnut 3 ver¬ hindert wird. FIG. 7 shows a further side view of the thread wetting element 1, which side view is designated by U in FIG. 4, while the side view of this thread wetting element designated by V is shown in FIG. 8. Via the nose 23, which, as shown in FIG. 1, engages in a seal 11, the resilient part 26 of the thread wetting element 1 and the snap lock 12, all thread wetting elements can be clamped onto the liquid distributor 4 in a particularly simple manner. The thread wetting elements can either be clamped individually onto the liquid distributor, all thread wetting elements then being pushed into one another via the threaded rod 9 and the nuts 15, or, if the weight permits, they can be plugged together beforehand and screwed together before they work together on the Liquid distributors are pinched. For the threaded rod 9, each thread wetting element has a bore 25. For better removal of excess liquid, the liquid removal groove 10 has a notch 22, via which dripping at the end of the thread guide groove 3 is effectively prevented.

Claims

Vorrichtung zum Beaufschlagen einer Fadenschar mit FlüssigkeitDevice for loading a sheet of thread with liquid
Patentansprüche:Claims:
Vorrichtung zum Beaufschlagen von Fäden einer Fadenschar mit einer Flüssigkeit, welche für jeden Faden eine Fadenführungsnut (3) aufweist, wobei in die Faden¬ führungsnut (3) eine Flüssigkeitszuführung (2) ein¬ mündet, und alle Flüssigkeitszuführungen (2) aus einem Flüssigkeitsverteiler (4) gespeist werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Fadenbenetzungselemente (1) vorge¬ sehen sind, die mindestens eine Fadenführungsnut (3) aufweisen, wobei zu jeder Fadenführungsnut (3) jeweils eine Flüssigkeitszuführung (2) zugeordnet ist, daß die Flüssigkeitszuführungen (2) als Bohrungen oder Nuten ausgebildet sind, daß der Flüssigkeitsverteiler (4) als Halter ausgebildet ist, mit dem die Fadenbenetzungs¬ elemente (1) verbunden sind, und daß alle Fadenbe¬ netzungselemente (1) miteinander verbunden sind. Device for loading threads of a thread sheet with a liquid, which has a thread guide groove (3) for each thread, a liquid feed (2) opening into the thread guide groove (3), and all liquid feeds (2) from a liquid distributor ( 4) are fed, characterized in that thread wetting elements (1) are provided which have at least one thread guide groove (3), with each thread guide groove (3) being assigned a liquid feed (2) that the liquid feeds (2) as Bores or grooves are formed such that the liquid distributor (4) is designed as a holder with which the thread wetting elements (1) are connected, and that all thread wetting elements (1) are connected to one another.
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abstand benachbarter Fadenführungsnuten (2) 2 bis2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance between adjacent thread guide grooves (2) 2 to
30 mm beträgt.Is 30 mm.
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abstand 3 bis 4 mm beträgt.3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the distance is 3 to 4 mm.
4. Vorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß aufeinanderfolgende Fadenführungsnuten (3)derart unterschiedliche Abstände zum Flüssigkeitsverteiler (4) aufweisen, daß die Faden¬ führungsnuten (3a, 3b) alternierend versetzt angeordnet sind.4. The device according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that successive thread guide grooves (3) have such different distances from the liquid distributor (4) that the thread guide grooves (3a, 3b) are arranged alternately offset.
5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Versatz benachbarter Fadenführungsnuten (3a, 3b) 2 bis 10 mm beträgt.5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the offset of adjacent thread guide grooves (3a, 3b) is 2 to 10 mm.
6. Vorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fadenbenetzungs¬ elemente (1) 2 bis 20 Fadenführungsnuten aufweisen.6. The device according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the thread wetting elements (1) have 2 to 20 thread guide grooves.
7. Vorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fadenbenetzungs¬ elemente (1) über einen Schnappverschluß (12) mit dem Flüssigkeitsverteiler (4) verbunden sind.7. The device according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the thread wetting elements (1) via a snap lock (12) are connected to the liquid distributor (4).
8. Vorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Flüssigkeitsver¬ teiler (4) Heizeinrichtungen enthält, die die Temperatur der im Flüssigkeitsverteiler (4) enthaltenen Flüssigkeit auch über dessen Länge konstant hält. 8. The device according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the liquid distributor (4) contains heating devices which also keep the temperature of the liquid in the liquid distributor (4) constant over its length.
. Vorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Flüssigkeitszu¬ führungen (2) derart angeordnet sind, daß sie in die Fadenführungsnut (3) auf der Fadeneinlaufseite ein¬ münden. , Device according to one or more of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the liquid feeds (2) are arranged in such a way that they open into the thread guide groove (3) on the thread inlet side.
10. Vorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Flüssigkeitszu¬ führungen (2) derart ausgebildet sind, daß die Flüssig¬ keit den Fadenführungsnuten (3) zumindest überwiegend laminar zugeführt wird, und einen Winkel von 60 bis 90° mit der Laufrichtung der Fadenführungsnut (3) bilden.10. The device according to one or more of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the liquid supply guides (2) are designed such that the liquid speed is fed to the thread guide grooves (3) at least predominantly laminar, and an angle of 60 to Form 90 ° with the running direction of the thread guide groove (3).
11. Vorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Flüssigkeitszu¬ führungen (2) derart ausgebildet sind, daß die Flüssig¬ keit den Fadenführungsnuten (3) zumindest überwiegend turbulent zugeführt wird, und einen Winkel von 10 bis 80° mit der Laufrichtung der Fadenführungsnut (3) bilden.11. The device according to one or more of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the liquid feeds (2) are designed such that the liquid speed is fed to the thread guide grooves (3) at least predominantly turbulently, and an angle of 10 to Form 80 ° with the running direction of the thread guide groove (3).
12. Vorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Flüssigkeitszu¬ führungen Nuten (2) sind.12. The device according to one or more of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the liquid feed guides are grooves (2).
13. Vorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Flüssigkeitsver¬ teiler (4) einen Überlauf (6) für die Flüssigkeit auf¬ weist, und daß die Fadenbenetzungselemente (1) derart auf dem Flüssigkeitsverteiler (4) angeordnet sind, daß die überlaufende Flüssigkeit in die Flüssigkeitszu¬ führungen (2) gespeist wird. 13. The device according to one or more of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the liquid distributor (4) has an overflow (6) for the liquid, and that the thread wetting elements (1) in this way on the liquid distributor (4) are arranged so that the overflowing liquid is fed into the liquid feeds (2).
14. Vorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in Fadenlaufrichtung am Ende jeder Fadenführungsnut (3) an sich bekannte Mittel (10, 22) vorgesehen sind, die überschüssige Flüssigkeit abführen. 14. The device according to one or more of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that in the thread running direction at the end of each thread guide groove (3) known means (10, 22) are provided which discharge excess liquid.
EP95919421A 1994-05-25 1995-05-06 Device for applying liquid to a warp Expired - Lifetime EP0711247B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4418144A DE4418144A1 (en) 1994-05-25 1994-05-25 Device for loading a sheet of thread with liquid
DE4418144 1994-05-25
PCT/EP1995/001730 WO1995032141A1 (en) 1994-05-25 1995-05-06 Device for applying liquid to a warp

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EP0711247A1 true EP0711247A1 (en) 1996-05-15
EP0711247B1 EP0711247B1 (en) 1997-10-29

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JP (1) JP3476468B2 (en)
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DE4418144A1 (en) 1995-11-30
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ATE159694T1 (en) 1997-11-15
FI960323A (en) 1996-01-24
WO1995032141A1 (en) 1995-11-30
ES2108581T3 (en) 1997-12-16
CN1074385C (en) 2001-11-07
FI960323A0 (en) 1996-01-24
LV11538A (en) 1996-10-20
CZ285326B6 (en) 1999-07-14
LT96005A (en) 1996-05-27
ZA953798B (en) 1996-01-15
JPH09500858A (en) 1997-01-28
SK9296A3 (en) 1996-07-03
EP0711247B1 (en) 1997-10-29
LT4046B (en) 1996-10-25
DE59500910D1 (en) 1997-12-04
CN1128977A (en) 1996-08-14
JP3476468B2 (en) 2003-12-10
PL179409B1 (en) 2000-09-29
EE9600012A (en) 1996-04-15
PL312695A1 (en) 1996-05-13
BR9506243A (en) 1997-08-12
US5683511A (en) 1997-11-04
CZ22896A3 (en) 1996-06-12

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