EP0703328B1 - Base for plaster - Google Patents

Abstract

The hoop-shaped supports (6) are located in prepared slits (7) in the surface of the panel (2). The fitting is completed with a mesh (3) fitted over the tops of the hooks to form a support frame to hold the subsequent plaster layer (24). The hoops and mesh can be of a plastics material, and the tops of the hoops are flat to provide grips to secure the mesh. The depth of the hoops is accurately controlled by preset slit sizes or by having flanges on the uprights of the hoops to align with the surface of the panel. The pre-assembled hoops and mesh are fed onto the prepared panel and are secured by adhesive in the slits.

Description

The invention relates to a plaster base with the features in the preamble of the main claim.

Such a plaster base is known from CH-A-669 628. It is used to create insulation on a component and a building board and should the plaster applied by distance from a base plate. This will be a Air gap between the plaster and the base plate created. The cleaning grid and the spacers are with each other to U-shaped or in cross section closed wire mesh boxes connected whose Mesh size is designed so that air permeability exists and on the other hand the plaster on the mentioned Distance can be kept. The cross section closed mesh boxes are on the Base plate surface glued or at the Foam board production. In a third variant U-shaped lattice boxes can also have extensions that through the base plate and on the The back is claw-shaped.

EP-A 0 011 781 shows another plaster base in which the cleaning grid on the base plate with a variety punctiform spacer is attached. The Spacers can be made from adhesive or mortar chunks consist. In another embodiment, they are from dowel-like expanding fastening elements made of metal or plastic formed at the construction site subsequently into the base plate made of rigid foam be pressed. These spacers are for the plaster not permeable and interrupt the plaster layer. In addition, thanks to their point shape, they can be used for the cleaning grid provide insufficient support. Through the subsequent Attach to the construction site and manually push the Fasteners with a free hand is compliance a certain height of the plaster is not possible. The Base plate has several grooves on the surface, that have no relation to the spacers and only as serve additional plaster anchoring.

EP-A 0 056 640 teaches a thermal insulation panel for installation in roofs. The plate has one on both main surfaces Variety of cuts, possibly with Foils, fabrics or the like can be laminated. The lamination directly on the board surface serves as train reinforcement, vapor barrier or seal against Drafts or water. The insulation board is only for drywall provided and not suitable as a plaster base.

Another plaster base is made of a so-called building board DE-A 31 23 636 known. It consists of one Base plate with a caterpillar-shaped spacer that a cleaning grille keeps at a distance from the base plate. The Cleaning grid serves to stabilize and reinforce the Plaster. The spacer is called meandering or straight bead from a plastic foam on the Plate surface applied. The foam sticks to both the plate, as well as on the cleaning grid. By tightening Environmental conditions pose problems for others Use of a plastic foam.

A similar plaster base is from DE-A-19 42 352 known. It consists of one base plate, several Spacers in the form of adhesive mortar beads and one Cleaning grid. The cleaning grid is as expanded metal trained and has triangular downward facing Ribs floating in grooves on the top of the panel protrude. The ribs serve to better anchor the plaster. Of the Plaster can penetrate through the rib walls and get into the dovetailed undercut grooves cling to.

Other designs are from DE-U-90 06 889 and DE-C-31 14 732 known. The spacers are on here the base plate is integrally formed and in one piece with it educated. This requires a sufficiently firm one Board material, what regarding insulation properties and the material and manufacturing costs to problems leads.

US-A-1 110 309 shows a stucco carrier that is made of several spacer strips with a U-shaped cross section and a stucco grille. The parts are individually delivered and at the construction site to a stucco beam put together. The spacer strips are on placed on the building surface and with hammered Fixed nails. The nails also hold loose on the Spacers stuck stucco.

AT-C-374 534 is a non-generic Exterior wall cladding is known, in the case of a distance in front of the Masonry is a wall of a variety of individual Dowels, a plaster grid and a plaster layer are formed and then backfilled with an insulating material becomes. The dowels have a widening on the head and also serve as spacers. The dowels are in the Masonry fastened and penetrated the insulation layer.

A similar exterior wall covering also shows the GB-A-2 124 293. The dowels penetrate the insulating layer and are anchored in the masonry. In both cases arises the outer wall cladding only at the construction site and will made up of several individual parts. It is not a prefabricated plaster base in which Spacers, base plate and cleaning grille from the start are connected to one unit.

A non-generic mortar reinforcement is from the DE-A 38 15 299 known. It consists of several lots Spring clips used in drilled holes in the masonry and the subsequently applied mortar should hold on. At this on the construction site emerging reinforcement there is neither a cleaning mesh nor a base plate and no spacers.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to Plaster base with a more suitable spacer to show.

The invention solves this problem with the features in Main claim.

The spacers have the recessed arrangement in recessed slots in the base plate a particularly good one Hold and an exact fixation. Even the amount of Spacers can be determined via the determinable slot depth vary and adjust precisely.

The spacers are as towering thin-walled webs trained and still have a high stability. The Thin walls are for the cohesion of the plaster Cheap. Are of particular advantage here Interruptions in the web wall and in particular one lattice-shaped formation of the spacers, the one Enabling penetration of the plaster and tension cracks prevent effectively.

The crosspieces of the spacers can be straight or angled in a bow shape. The straight ones Bridges have a substantially smooth upper edge Support surface for the cleaning grid. The bow shape offers an even wider edition across the crossbar. For the There are various design options for the bow shape. Under the crossbar or the top edge of the web on which the A cleaning space is created in each case into which the plaster can penetrate. The bow shape creates a large support surface for the cleaning mesh and still takes little space from the plaster.

The spacer can be made of any suitable and environmentally friendly material. Are preferred the materials of the cleaning grid and spacer are the same. The spacer can be in the form of long strips, that span most or all of the length of the Extend base plate. But it can also be a smaller one Have appearance, which means between each Spacers in all directions leave room for one Plaster penetration exist.

The spacer is preferably preformed into the Slots inserted in the base plate and in there appropriately processed and recorded. To open of the slots and for easier insertion of the Spacers can be cheap, the base plate a little to bend or bulge and additionally an adhesive in to insert the slot.

The spacer can be determined with a precisely Clearance or cleaning grid height in the base plate to be ordered. The plaster base is therefore for any type of plaster and plaster thickness suitable and can adapt exactly for the respective plaster. He is especially for so-called thin plasters with low Cleaning grid heights suitable. The exact setting of the Clearance or cleaning grille height is determined by the Slitting facilitated, especially when the slit with the right depth. For the There are other options for fixing the height.

A can also be preferred during manufacture strip-shaped spacer between the crossbar of the Spacer and the base plate to be present the spacer with a suitable one Pressing device during the setting phase of the adhesive is pressed. So exactly in height positioned spacers can then immediately glued to the surface and provided with the cleaning grid become. Alternatively, you can also use the cleaning grid from below glued in strips and possibly also with the Spacers are connected in advance.

The base plate is with the spacers and the Cleaning grid to form a structural unit, preferably one finished building board, connected with suitable Fastening elements on the surface, e.g. a masonry, is anchored. But it can also be a component represent that is used in other areas, e.g. for roller shutter boxes.

Advantageous refinements are in the subclaims specified the invention.

Fig. 1

einen abgebrochenen Querschnitt durch einen Putzträger,

Fig. 2

eine abgebrochene perspektivische Ansicht eines Abstandshalters,

Fig. 3

eine schematische Seitenansicht einer Herstellvorrichtung,

Fig. 4

eine abgebrochene Draufsicht auf die Herstellvorrichtung gemäß Pfeil IV von Fig. 3 und

Fig. 5 und 6

Varianten der Abstandshalterform.

The invention is shown in the drawings, for example and schematically. In detail show:

Fig. 1

a broken cross section through a plaster base,

Fig. 2

a broken perspective view of a spacer,

Fig. 3

1 shows a schematic side view of a manufacturing device,

Fig. 4

a broken plan view of the manufacturing device according to arrow IV of Fig. 3 and

5 and 6

Variants of the spacer shape.

The plaster base (1) shown in the drawings consists from a base plate (2) on which one or more Spacers (4) are arranged, which are a cleaning grid (3) carry, hold and from the surface of the base plate (2) distance. The parts are one with the other prefabricated plaster base in the form of a building board or Like. Connected.

A plaster layer (24) is placed on the plaster base (1) applied in Fig. 1 in the left half of the image is shown broken off. The cleaning grid (3) and the Spacers (4) are enclosed by the plaster layer. The cleaning grid (3) serves as a support and for stabilization and reinforcement of the plaster. It is preferably around a 2/3 height of the plaster layer (24).

The base plate (2) consists of a suitable material, for example a fiber material, a styrene foam or Like., Which is sufficient for the plate shape Stiffness offers, but on the other hand not too tight is and can be shaped. The base plate (2) is attached by dowels or in any other suitable way Underground, especially a wall or masonry, attached. The cleaning grid (3) is made of plastic, Metal or other suitable material to Example from a glass fiber material or the like. It can be braided, woven or made in any other way be.

The spacers (4) are in the base plate (2) arranged and held at least a bit recessed. This arrangement offers a preferably form-fitting, firm fixation and stable longitudinal and lateral guidance for the spacers (4).

The individual spacers (4) are preferably as towering webs are formed and have a thin Wall thickness in the millimeter range. You can in cross section be designed as straight webs according to FIG. 5. This have an essentially smooth and straight top edge (28) on which the cleaning grid (3) with clearance or space (8) rests on the plate surface.

Alternatively, the spacers (4) according to FIGS. 1 and 2 have an angled bow shape in cross section. she have at least one crossbar (5), which is under Formation of a free space (8) at a distance above the Base plate (2) extends. In the shown The embodiment is the bow shape essentially U-shaped design. Alternatively, it can also be L- or Be T-shaped. The spacers (4) or webs are in all embodiments with one or more feet (6) in the base plate (2) arranged a little recessed or embedded and held.

The cross webs (5) or web top edges (28) are preferably straight and parallel to the surface of the Base plate (2) aligned. Alternatively, you can also be curved or deformed in some other way. On the Crossbar (5) or the top edge of the web (28) superimposed cleaning grid (3) with an adhesive or a other suitable connection, e.g. a seam, held tight. The one or more feet (6) are preferably perpendicular to Base plate (2) aligned.

The spacers (4) have a spatial design preferably in the form of elongated strips that extend over the entire length and / or width of the base plate (2) extend. But they can also be much shorter and forming gaps with a gap one behind the other be arranged. The spacers preferably run (4) straight and parallel to each other. They are even distributed on the base plate (2).

Alternatively, they can also be curved in wavy lines. It is also possible to incline the spacers, arrow-shaped or in any other way to each other to arrange. The spacers (4) can also star or mushroom shaped, as circular pots or on be spatially designed in any other way.

The spacers (4) can be made of any suitable Materials exist. In the preferred embodiment they consist of a woven or braided grid. The lattice shape can also be made from a perforated plate or other forms of breaks or wall breakthroughs are formed, which allow the plaster (24), the web to take hold of. In addition, the plaster (24) in the inner free space (8) under or Cross bar (s) (5) penetrate. In the shown Embodiment of the U-shaped spacer strips are the end faces open and also leave the plaster (24) enter.

To accommodate the spacer feet (6) are in the Base plate (2) preferably prepared slots (7) arranged. The slot depth can be at the desired height the spacer (4) or the free space (8) or the Cleaning grille (3) over the base plate (2) to be adapted. The spacers (4) preferably have at the bottom the feet (6) have a smooth edge and stand on the bottom of the Just open the slots (7). By changing the slot depth the spacer height can vary and on that desired dimension can be set. Depending on the spatial Forming the spacers (4), the slots (7) be linear or punctiform in plan view.

The spacer height can also be any other Be determined and determined in a way. 6 shows e.g. an alternative with one or two transverse ribs (29), Thickening or the like on the overhead webs of the Spacers (4). The at a predetermined height positioned transverse ribs (29) are supported on the Base plate top and limit the depth of penetration of the feet (6) in the slot (7). The slot (7) can be without Supportive function and be deeper than required.

The slots (7) are narrow and can vary in thickness Spacers (4) must be adjusted. You tend to corresponding inherent elasticity of the base plate material to narrow or close. The feet (6) can in the slots (7) by pure Clamping and the inherent elasticity of the Base plate material are held. In the Drawings are the slots (7) for the sake of clarity shown openly. A grid structure of the feet (6) can in connection with a fiber material of the base plate (2) a certain matting and a form-fitting hold cause. For better anchoring, it is recommended insert an adhesive into the slots (7) that the Connects feet (6) with the diaphragm walls.

The spacers (4) can be made from a suitable Material. In the preferred embodiment they consist of a glass fiber material. Alternatively come other plastics, but also metal or the like into consideration. In the straight web shape of Fig. 5 it is advisable to adjust the glass fiber material to suitable Manner, e.g. by an acrylic resin jacket or the like reinforce.

The spacers (4) and the cleaning grille (3) consist of preferred embodiment from the same Glass grid material, creating different tensions and possible cleaning cracks can be avoided. This is also for an optimal connection of the parts as well as for a easier disposal cheap.

3 and 4 show a manufacturing device (9) for Manufacture of the plaster base (1). The base plate (2) will via a suitable conveyor (27) on a Taxiway or the like in the conveying direction (23) preferably transported continuously. The base plate (2) can already be tailored to size, whereby the individual plates in a row and preferably push to be pushed forward. Alternatively, the base plate (2) initially still in strand form and only on End of the manufacturing device (9) to the desired size be cut to length.

The manufacturing device (9) has one at the beginning Slot station (10) on the one spacer station and a grid station (20) is arranged downstream. In the shown embodiment, the plaster base (1) in Continuous process manufactured. Alternatively, in Individual steps and separate stations can be manufactured.

In the slot station (10) the aforementioned Slots (7) are made in the moving base plate (2). Several slot devices (11) are provided for this, which, for example, consists of standing, but height-adjustable Knives, rotating cutting wheels or the like suitable tools. On the slitting knives are spacers (not shown) for the certain depth of the slot (7).

In addition to the cutting edge, the slitting device (11) also has an opener (12) on the slot (7) for the Filling with the adhesive expands and at least for a while long open. Immediately behind the slitting knives roll with slices that cut the slots Open (7) for the adhesive that runs in behind it. At standing or rotating knives, the openers (12) also be formed by cone lugs that extend upwards and widen in the conveying direction (23).

Behind the slot devices (11) is one suitable filling device (13) for the adhesive arranged. This is, for example Nozzles, each positioned over the slots (7) are. Knives, discs and filling device form one Unit.

Alternatively or additionally, a bending device can also be used (not shown) to be present around the base plate the longitudinal axis or the slot axis bends. This can be done in Area of the adhesive device (13) and / or the Spacer station (14) happen. Through the convex The slots on the top of the plate gap open and facilitate the introduction of the adhesive and / or the Spacers (4).

The spacer station (14) has one Feed device (15) for the spacers (4). The Spacers can be prefabricated. With the simple Embodiment with straight webs are the Spacers (4) in the form of pre-cut strips in front.

In the embodiment shown, bow-shaped Spacers (4) inserted. They get their temple shape preferably only in the spacer station (14). A suitable bending device (16) provided that the initially supplied essentially flat grid mat (25) bends to the desired bracket shape. In the preferred spacer (4) made of fiberglass it is recommended to bend the feet (6) while doing so to overstretch or break the bending edges.

The curved or the straight spacer (4) is then via a mold holder (17) onto the base plate (2) fed. The form holder (17) forms a form-fitting Guide for the spacer (4) and stabilizes it Shape. It is aligned to the base plate (2) that the spacer (4) with its feet (6) exactly in the prefabricated slots (7) introduced. If the Spacer (4) consists of an elastic material, can the feet (6) after leaving the Shape holder (17) in the slots (7) again a little spread out, which improves the anchorage.

If the height of the free space (8) or the cleaning grille (3) can be set exactly, the Spacer station (14) for each spacer (4) a spacer (19) with a pressing device (18) exhibit. In the exemplary embodiment shown there are Spacers (19) from spacer strips (19), which run lengthways the slots (7) extend and at the rear end a transverse bridge (26) are attached. The Spacers (19) lie loosely on the base plate (2) that glides under them. The spacers (4) are from the feeder (15) on the Spacers (19) guided, which thereby the insertion depth in the base plate (2) and determine the clearance height.

The subsequent pressing device (18) is there for example from several freely rotatable and height-adjustable pressure rollers that hold the spacers (4) press onto the spacers (19). Alternatively, it can pressure rails or other suitable Act devices. The length of the spacers (19) and the extent of the pressing device (18) chosen that in the end the adhesive is sufficiently strong Connection between the diaphragm walls and the feet (6) has produced.

As soon as the spacers (4) are sufficiently on the Base plate (2) are stabilized, the grid station follows (20). It has a glue device (21) that one suitable adhesive on the cleaning grid (3) and / or Crossbars (5) the spacer (4) applies. Of the Application can be made using strips of glue or the like happen. There is also a grid guide (22) provided, via which the cleaning grid (3) is fed and on the spacer (4) is placed. Possibly. can suitable pressing devices (not shown) follow. Alternatively, the grid station (20) can be another suitable device for connecting the cleaning grid (3) with the spacers (4).

In a modification of the embodiment shown the spacers (4) first with the cleaning grid (3) connected, in particular glued or sewn. Spacers (4) and cleaning mesh (3) are then fed together and used the base plate (2). The spacers (19) then act with the cleaning grid (3) together.

In a further variation, the individual Process steps also manually and separately run in a row. Single components, for example the bending device (16), the Pressure device (18), the spacers (19) etc. can also be omitted. It is also possible to use base plates with prefabricated slots where, for example the slots are already formed in the plate production are. The slot station is then also unnecessary. Furthermore, the spacers (4) can with sufficient Stiffness also in a correspondingly soft Base plate can be pressed in without prepared slots.

REFERENCE SIGN LIST

1

Plaster base

2nd

Base plate

3rd

Cleaning grid

4th

Spacers

5

Crossbar

6

foot

7

slot

8th

free space

9

Manufacturing device

10th

Slot station

11

Slitting device, knife

12th

opener

13

Filling device, gluing device

14

Spacer station

15

Feeding device

16

Bending device

17th

Mold holder

18th

Pressure device, pressure roller

19th

Spacer, spacer bar

20th

Grid station

21

Gluing device

22

Grid feeder

23

Direction of conveyance

24th

Plaster

25th

Mesh mat

26

bridge

27

Conveyor

28

Top edge of web

29

Cross rib

Claims (23)

1. Plaster base in the form of a prefabricated structural unit, consisting of a bottom plate (2) having a plurality of spacers (4) which are arranged, embedded, on the bottom plate (2) and which keep a lathwork (3) at a distance from the bottom plate (2),

   the lathwork (3) and the web-like, thin-walled spacers (4) being permeable to the plaster (24) and allowing the latter to penetrate into the free space (8) under the lathwork (3),

   the spacers (4) being inserted to a definable depth of penetration into preformed slots (7) in the bottom plate (2) and keeping the lathwork (3) at a definable height above the bottom plate (2).
2. Plaster base according to Claim 1, characterized in that the spacers (4) are in the form of a grid.
3. Plaster base according to Claim 1 or one of the following claims, characterized in that the spacers (4) are designed, in cross-section, as webs which project straight upwards or which are angled in staple form.
4. Plaster base according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the spacer (4) has a transverse web (5), located at the distance of the free space (8) from the bottom plate (2) and supporting the lathwork (3), or an essentially smooth web upper edge (28) and at least one foot (6) which is embedded and held in the bottom plate (2).
5. Plaster base according to Claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the staple-like spacer (4) is designed, in cross-section, to be essentially U-shaped, L-shaped or T-shaped.
6. Plaster base according to Claim 1 or one of the following claims, characterized in that the spacer (4) consists of a grid or fabric composed of plastic, in particular a glass-fibre material.
7. Plaster base according to Claim 6, characterized in that the glass-fibre material is reinforced.
8. Plaster base according to Claim 1 or one of the following claims, characterized in that the spacers (4) are connected, in particular adhesively bonded, to the lathwork (3).
9. Plaster base according to Claim 1 or one of the following claims, characterized in that an adhesive is arranged in the slot (7).
10. Plaster base according to Claim 1 or one of the following claims, characterized in that the slot (7) has a depth adjustable to the desired free space (8).
11. Plaster base according to Claim 1 or one of the following claims, characterized in that the spacers (4) have one or more transverse ribs (29) for limiting the depth of penetration in the slot (7).
12. Method for the production of a prefabricated plaster base, one or more spacers being attached to a bottom plate and having a lathwork laid on them, characterized in that a plurality of slots (7) of definable depth are made in the bottom plate (2), spacers (4) subsequently being inserted into the said slots.
13. Method according to Claim 12, characterized in that the slot (7) is widened and kept open, an adhesive being introduced into the slot (7).
14. Method according to Claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the spacer (4) is delivered to the bottom plate (2) via a form holder (17).
15. Method according to Claim 12, 13 or 14 characterized in that the spacer (4) is bent out of a plane grid mat (25) into a staple-like shape before or during delivery.
16. Method according to Claim 12 or one of the following claims, characterized in that the lathwork (3) is connected to the spacers (4) before or after the insertion of the spacers (4) in the bottom plate (2).
17. Method according to Claim 12 or one of the following claims, characterized in that the spacers (4) or the lathwork (3) are laid on the bottom plate (2) via a distance piece (19) and are retained during the setting phase of the adhesive by a press-down device (18).
18. Method according to Claim 12 or one of the following claims, characterized in that the plaster base (1) is produced in a continuous-flow process, with the bottom plate (2) being moved, the bottom plate (2) being led through a slotting station (10) for making the slots and for introducing the adhesive, a spacer station (14) for forming and delivering the spacers (4) and a lathwork station (20) for laying in place and fastening the lathwork (3).
19. Production apparatus for a plaster base, with a spacer station for delivering spacers to a bottom plate and with a lathwork station for laying in place and fastening a lathwork, characterized in that a slotting station (10) is arranged on the entry side and the spacer station (14) has a delivery device for staple-like spacers (4).
20. Production apparatus according to Claim 19, characterized in that the slotting station (10) has at least one slotting device (11), with at least one opener (12) for widening the slot (7) and keeping it open, and at least one filling device (13) for an adhesive.
21. Production apparatus according to Claim 20, characterized in that the slotting device (11) has a vertically adjustable knife.
22. Production apparatus according to Claim 19, 20 or 21, characterized in that the spacer station (14) has a bending device (16) and a form holder (17) for the spacers (4).
23. Production apparatus according to Claim 19 or one of the following claims, characterized in that the spacer station (14) has at least one distance piece (19) and one press-down device (18).

Images