EP0703009B1 - Metallised multilayer coating and process for making it - Google Patents
Metallised multilayer coating and process for making it Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0703009B1 EP0703009B1 EP95112469A EP95112469A EP0703009B1 EP 0703009 B1 EP0703009 B1 EP 0703009B1 EP 95112469 A EP95112469 A EP 95112469A EP 95112469 A EP95112469 A EP 95112469A EP 0703009 B1 EP0703009 B1 EP 0703009B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- metallising
- primer
- coat
- base material
- priming
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
- D21H19/02—Metal coatings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
- B05D5/06—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain multicolour or other optical effects
- B05D5/067—Metallic effect
- B05D5/068—Metallic effect achieved by multilayers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for Manufacture of a metallized composite and one metallized composite.
- certain goods such as cigarettes, coffee or the like, are usually packaged in a composite comprising aluminum and plastic films or also paper.
- the aluminum foil which has a water vapor permeability of approximately 0 g / m 2 ⁇ d, acts as a barrier for gases and moisture.
- the water vapor permeability of such a composite is around 40-100 g / m 2 d (measured in accordance with DIN 53122), which is, however, not sufficient for many applications, since for aroma packaging of cigarettes and coffee, for example, a water vapor permeability of ⁇ 2 g / m 2 ⁇ D is required.
- barrier coatings include, for example, latex dispersions with additions of pigments and polymers with a weight per unit area of approximately 18-20 g / m 2 .
- barrier coatings include, for example, latex dispersions with additions of pigments and polymers with a weight per unit area of approximately 18-20 g / m 2 .
- barrier coatings as well as a primer layer, a metallization layer and a topcoat are then applied to this base paper, which is to ensure the required water vapor permeability of ⁇ 2 g / m 2 ⁇ d.
- barrier coatings Due to the large number of operations, the high price and the major ecological disadvantages of barrier coatings are the composite materials with barrier coatings very expensive compared to the composites with aluminum foil.
- the required low water vapor permeability of almost 0 g / m 2 ⁇ d is achieved in that the coating processes known per se, primer and metallization are carried out twice. As has been found, an excellent barrier effect is achieved by applying a second primer and a second metallization to the first primer layer.
- From DE-OS 30 17 713 is a method for Coating of plastic films with metal layers known, in which an adhesive layer and a metal layer in succession are applied, after application of the adhesive layer at least one metal layer is evaporated.
- an adhesive layer and a metal layer in succession are applied, after application of the adhesive layer at least one metal layer is evaporated.
- the possibly several metal layers not after additionally provided priming or primer orders upset, but directly on top of each other.
- the known metal layer should Be made of substances that do not diffuse in cause strange ions in the metal layer.
- DE 39 13 014 describes a coating of objects known with two layers of metal that one of these objects gives decorative metallic appearance.
- the first Metal layer is directly on the objects upset.
- a paper is known from JP-52012311 is provided with an aluminum metallization.
- the base paper with a 15 ⁇ m thick polyethylene film coated, which is rolled. Through a corona discharge increases the surface energy of the polyethylene film and then the film is metallized with aluminum.
- the base material according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention be paper or plastic film. Because of the construction according to the invention the base material no special Barrier coatings needed can be common, inexpensive Paper or usual plastic film can be used.
- the basis weights or layer thicknesses specified in claim 5 can be provided.
- Such a composite results in a water vapor permeability ⁇ 2 g / m 2 ⁇ d.
- the total amount of primer and top coat applied is less than 5 g / m 2 . This is a significant advantage over the total application quantity of 20-25 g / m 2 in the conventional solutions, since this makes the material easier to recycle.
- the figure shows a partially sectioned cross section a composite according to the invention.
- the composite material shown in the figure consists of a base material 10 in the form of conventional coated paper with a basis weight of 50 g / m 2 .
- a first primer 12 in the form of a coating of primer varnish with a basis weight of 1.8 g / m 2 is applied to the base material 10.
- a first metallization 14 with a layer thickness of 300 ⁇ is evaporated onto the first primer 12.
- a second primer 16 is applied from a primer with a basis weight of 1.8 g / m 2 .
- a cover layer 20 in the form of a top coat with a basis weight of 1.0 g / m 2 is applied to the second metallization 18.
- the water vapor permeability of this composite is ⁇ 2 g / m 2 ⁇ d.
- the material of the base coat and that of the top coat is a nitrocellulose paint.
- the metallization consists of aluminum.
Landscapes
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Wrappers (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Production Of Multi-Layered Print Wiring Board (AREA)
- Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines metallisierten Verbundstoffes sowie einen metallisierten Verbundstoff.The present invention relates to a method for Manufacture of a metallized composite and one metallized composite.
Um einen Verlust von Aroma (Gasen) und Feuchtigkeit zu vermeiden, werden bestimmte waren, wie beispielsweise Zigaretten, Kaffee oder ähnliches üblicherweise in einem Verbundstoff verpackt, der Aluminium- und Kunststoffolien oder auch Papier umfaßt. Hierbei wirkt die Aluminiumfolie, die eine Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit von ungefähr 0 g/m2·d aufweist, als Barriere für Gase und Feuchtigkeit.In order to avoid loss of aroma (gases) and moisture, certain goods, such as cigarettes, coffee or the like, are usually packaged in a composite comprising aluminum and plastic films or also paper. The aluminum foil, which has a water vapor permeability of approximately 0 g / m 2 · d, acts as a barrier for gases and moisture.
Da eine derartige Aluminiumfolie relativ hohe Kosten verursacht, wird auch ersatzweise auf metallisiertes Papier zurückgegriffen. Derartiges metallisiertes Papier ist z.B. aus der US 3 463 659 bekannt. Dabei wird eine Metallschicht auf ein Grundmaterial, wie Papier, aufgedampft, wobei üblicherweise folgender Aufbau vorgesehen ist:
- 40-120 g/m2
- gestrichenes Papier
- 0,5-2,5 g/m2
- Grundierlack
- 200-500 Å
- Metallisierung
- 0,5-2,5 g/m2
- Decklack.
- 40-120 g / m 2
- coated paper
- 0.5-2.5 g / m 2
- Primer
- 200-500 Å
- Metallization
- 0.5-2.5 g / m 2
- Top coat.
Die Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit eines solchen Verbundstoffes liegt bei etwa 40-100 g/m2·d (gemessen nach DIN 53122), was jedoch für viele Anwendungen nicht ausreichend ist, da beispielsweise für Aromaverpackungen von Zigaretten und Kaffee eine Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit von < 2 g/m2·d gefordert wird.The water vapor permeability of such a composite is around 40-100 g / m 2 d (measured in accordance with DIN 53122), which is, however, not sufficient for many applications, since for aroma packaging of cigarettes and coffee, for example, a water vapor permeability of <2 g / m 2 · D is required.
Um diese Anforderungen zu erfüllen, weisen andere bislang bekannten Lösungen ein Basispapier auf, das bereits in der Papierfabrik mehrschichtig mit Barrierebeschichtungen versehen worden ist. Derartige Barrierebeschichtungen umfassen beispielsweise Latexdispersionen mit Zusätzen von Pigmenten und Polymeren mit einem Flächengewicht von ca. 18-20 g/m2. Auf dieses Basispapier sind dann eine oder mehrere weitere Barrierebeschichtungen sowie eine Grundierschicht, eine Metallisierungsschicht und ein Decklack aufgebracht, wodurch die erforderliche Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit von < 2 g/m2·d gewährleistet sein soll.In order to meet these requirements, other previously known solutions have a base paper that has already been provided with multi-layer barrier coatings in the paper mill. Such barrier coatings include, for example, latex dispersions with additions of pigments and polymers with a weight per unit area of approximately 18-20 g / m 2 . One or more further barrier coatings as well as a primer layer, a metallization layer and a topcoat are then applied to this base paper, which is to ensure the required water vapor permeability of <2 g / m 2 · d.
Andere bekannte Lösungen erreichen die geforderte Dichtigkeit durch Lackierungen mit Polyvinylchlorid oder Polyvinylidenchlorid mit einem Flächengewicht von 18-20 g/m2. Derartige Lackierungen sind aber aus ökologischen Gründen äußerst bedenklich.Other known solutions achieve the required tightness by painting with polyvinyl chloride or polyvinylidene chloride with a weight per unit area of 18-20 g / m 2 . However, such coatings are extremely questionable for ecological reasons.
Durch die Vielzahl der Arbeitsgänge, den hohen Preis und die großen ökologischen Nachteile der Barrierebeschichtungen sind die mit Barrierebeschichtungen versehenen Verbundstoffe gegenüber den Verbundstoffen mit Aluminiumfolie sehr teuer.Due to the large number of operations, the high price and the major ecological disadvantages of barrier coatings are the composite materials with barrier coatings very expensive compared to the composites with aluminum foil.
Es ist daher das der Erfindung zugrundeliegende Problem (Aufgabe), einen metallisierten Verbundstoff zu schaffen, der zum Verpacken von aroma- und feuchtigkeitshaltigen Produkten geeignet ist, wobei die Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit des Verbundstoffes, d.h. dessen Sperrwirkung gegen Aroma-, Gas- und Feuchtigkeitsverlust gleich oder annähernd gleich einem aluminiumfolienhaltigen Verbundstoff ist. Dabei soll der erfindungsgemäße Verbundstoff einfach herstellbar und ökologisch wenig bedenklich sein.It is therefore the problem underlying the invention (Task) to create a metallized composite that for packaging aroma and moisture-containing products is suitable, the water vapor permeability of the Composite, i.e. its barrier effect against aroma, gas and Loss of moisture equal to or approximately equal to one Composite containing aluminum foil. The Composite according to the invention easy to manufacture and not be environmentally harmful.
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt durch die Merkmale der Patentansprüche 1 oder 3.This problem is solved by the features of Claims 1 or 3.
Erfindungsgemäß wird die geforderte niedrige Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit von nahezu 0 g/m2·d dadurch erreicht, daß die an sich bekannten Beschichtungsvorgänge Grundierung und Metallisierung zweifach ausgeführt werden. Wie sich herausgestellt hat, wird durch Aufbringen einer zweiten Grundierung und einer zweiten Metallisierung auf die erste Grundierungsschicht eine hervorragende Sperrwirkung erzielt.According to the invention, the required low water vapor permeability of almost 0 g / m 2 · d is achieved in that the coating processes known per se, primer and metallization are carried out twice. As has been found, an excellent barrier effect is achieved by applying a second primer and a second metallization to the first primer layer.
Durch den erfindungsgemäßen Aufbau des Verbundstoffes können in vorteilhafter Weise übliche, preiswerte gestrichene Papiere oder Papiere mit einer vergleichbaren Oberflächenbeschaffenheit verwendet werden, die nicht mit einer speziellen Barrierebeschichtung versehen sind. Hierdurch wird der erfindungsgemäße Verbundstoff ökologisch unbedenklich und nicht kostenintensiv.Due to the structure of the composite according to the invention Advantageously customary, inexpensive coated papers or papers with a comparable one Surface texture can be used that is not compatible with are provided with a special barrier coating. Hereby the composite according to the invention becomes ecologically harmless and not expensive.
Aus der DE-OS 30 17 713 ist zwar ein Verfahren zur Beschichtung von Kunststoffolien mit Metallschichten bekannt, bei dem eine Haftschicht und eine Metallschicht nacheinander aufgebracht werden, wobei nach Aufbringen der Haftschicht zumindest eine Metallschicht aufgedampft wird. Jedoch werden die gegebenenfalls mehreren Metallschichten nicht nach zusätzlich vorgesehenen Grundier- oder Haftgrundaufträgen aufgebracht, sondern unmittelbar aufeinander. Zudem dient dieses bekannte Verfahren zum Herstellen von Leiterbahnen auf Kunststoffolien. Folglich soll die bekannte Metallschicht aus Stoffen hergestellt sein, die kein Eindiffundieren von fremdartigen Ionen in die Metallschicht hervorrufen.From DE-OS 30 17 713 is a method for Coating of plastic films with metal layers known, in which an adhesive layer and a metal layer in succession are applied, after application of the adhesive layer at least one metal layer is evaporated. However the possibly several metal layers not after additionally provided priming or primer orders upset, but directly on top of each other. Also serves this known method for producing conductor tracks Plastic films. Consequently, the known metal layer should Be made of substances that do not diffuse in cause strange ions in the metal layer.
Aus der DE-AS 12 25 939 ist ferner ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer aus mehreren Lagen zusammengesetzten dünnen Schicht durch wiederholte Vakuumbedampfung bekannt. Hierbei liegt diesem bekannten Verfahren das Problem zugrunde, eine zusammengesetzte dünne Schicht zu schaffen, die gleichmäßig und porenfrei sein soll. Dieses bekannte Verfahren dient zur Herstellung von elektrisch isolierenden Kondensatorschichten, dient jedoch nicht zur Erstellung eines Verbundstoffes mit geringer Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit.From DE-AS 12 25 939 is also a method for Production of a thin layer composed of several layers Layer known by repeated vacuum evaporation. Here this known method is based on the problem, a composite thin layer to create the evenly and should be pore-free. This known method is used for Production of electrically insulating capacitor layers, but does not serve to create a composite with low water vapor permeability.
Aus der DE 39 13 014 ist eine Beschichtung von Gegenständen mit zwei Metallschichten bekannt, die diesen Gegenständen ein dekoratives metallisches Aussehen verleiht. Die erste Metallschicht wird dabei direkt auf die Gegenstände aufgebracht. Getrennt durch einen Grundüberzug wird dann eine zweite Metallschicht aufgebracht und mit einer transparenten Deckschicht versehen, so daß die zweite Metallschicht sichtbar bleibt.DE 39 13 014 describes a coating of objects known with two layers of metal that one of these objects gives decorative metallic appearance. The first Metal layer is directly on the objects upset. Then separated by a basic coating second metal layer applied and with a transparent Cover layer so that the second metal layer is visible remains.
Schließlich ist aus der JP-52012311 ein Papier bekannt, das mit einer Aluminiummetallisierung versehen ist. Hierbei ist das Basispapier mit einem 15 µm dicken Polyethylenfilm beschichtet, der gewalzt wird. Durch eine Koronaentladung wird die Oberflächenenergie des Polyethylenfilms erhöht und anschließend wird der Film mit Aluminium metallisiert.Finally, a paper is known from JP-52012311 is provided with an aluminum metallization. Here is the base paper with a 15 µm thick polyethylene film coated, which is rolled. Through a corona discharge increases the surface energy of the polyethylene film and then the film is metallized with aluminum.
Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind durch die Unteransprüche gekennzeichnet.Advantageous embodiments of the invention are characterized by Subclaims marked.
So kann das Basismaterial nach einer vorteilhaften Ausführung der Erfindung Papier oder Kunststoffolie sein. Da aufgrund des erfindungsgemäßen Aufbaus das Basismaterial keine besonderen Barrierebeschichtungen benötigt, kann übliches, preiswertes Papier oder übliche Kunststoffolie verwendet werden.So the base material according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention be paper or plastic film. Because of the construction according to the invention the base material no special Barrier coatings needed can be common, inexpensive Paper or usual plastic film can be used.
Nach einer weiteren Ausbildung der Erfindung können die im Anspruch 5 angegebenen Flächengewichte, bzw. Schichtdicken, vorgesehen sein. Durch einen derartigen Verbundstoff ergibt sich eine Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit < 2 g/m2·d. Hierbei beträgt die Gesamtauftragsmenge von Grundierung und Deckschicht weniger als 5 g/m2. Dies ist gegenüber der Gesamtauftragsmenge von 20-25 g/m2 bei den herkömmlichen Lösungen ein bedeutender Vorteil, da das Material hierdurch einfacher zu recyclieren ist.According to a further embodiment of the invention, the basis weights or layer thicknesses specified in claim 5 can be provided. Such a composite results in a water vapor permeability <2 g / m 2 · d. The total amount of primer and top coat applied is less than 5 g / m 2 . This is a significant advantage over the total application quantity of 20-25 g / m 2 in the conventional solutions, since this makes the material easier to recycle.
Aufgrund der äußerst geringen Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit des erfindungsgemäßen Verbundstoffes läßt sich dieser zur Verpackung von aroma-, gas- oder feuchtigkeitshaltigen Produkten besonders gut einsetzen. Due to the extremely low water vapor permeability of the Composite according to the invention, this can Packaging of aromas, gases or moisture Use products particularly well.
Nachfolgend wird eine Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verbundstoffes rein beispielhaft anhand der beigefügten Figur beschrieben.The following is an embodiment of the invention Composite purely by way of example with reference to the accompanying figure described.
Die Figur Zeigt einen teilgeschnittenen Querschnitt durch einen Verbundstoff gemäß der Erfindung.The figure shows a partially sectioned cross section a composite according to the invention.
Der in der Figur dargestellte Verbundstoff besteht aus einem
Basismaterial 10 in Form von herkömmlichem gestrichenen Papier
mit einem Flächengewicht von 50 g/m2. Auf das Basismaterial 10
ist eine erste Grundierung 12 in Form einer Beschichtung aus
Grundierlack mit einem Flächengewicht von 1,8 g/m2 aufgebracht.The composite material shown in the figure consists of a
Auf die erste Grundierung 12 ist eine erste Metallisierung 14
mit einer Schichtdicke von 300 Å aufgedampft. Auf diese erste
Metallisierung 14 ist eine zweite Grundierung 16 aus einem
Grundierlack mit einem Flächengewicht von 1,8 g/m2 aufgebracht.A
Auf die zweite Grundierung 16 ist wiederum eine zweite
Metallisierung 18 mit einer Schichtdicke von 300 Å
aufgedampft.On the
Schließlich ist auf der zweiten Metallisierung 18 eine
Deckschicht 20 in Form von Decklack mit einem Flächengewicht
von 1,0 g/m2 aufgebracht. Die Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit dieses
Verbundstoffes ist < 2 g/m2·d. Das Material des Grundierlackes
und das des Decklackes ist ein Nitrozelluloselack. Die
Metallisierung besteht aus Aluminium.Finally, a
Claims (9)
- Process for producing a metallised laminate for the packaging of foodstuffs and similar, which consists of a base material with a first metallising and a second metallising that is connected via a prime coat and provided with a cover coat,
characterised in that
the base material (10) consists of paper or plastic sheeting and the process includes the following steps:a) application of a first primer coat (12) to the base material (10);b) application of a first metallising (14) to the first primer coat (12);c) application of a second primer coat (16) to the first metallising (14);d) application of a second metallising (18) to the second primer coat (16); ande) application of a cover coat (20) to the second metallising (18). - Process according to claim 1,
characterised in that
in process steps a) to e) essentially the following weights per unit area or layer thicknesses are applied:a)- 0.5 - 2.5 g/m2
- first priming
b)- 200 - 500 Å
- first metallising
c)- 0.5 - 2.5 g/m2
- second priming
d)- 200 - 500 Å
- second metallising
e)- 0.5 - 2.5 g/m2
- cover coat.
- Metallised laminate for the packaging of foodstuffs or similar, which consists of a base material with a first metallising and a second metallising that is connected via a primer coat and provided with a cover coat, characterised in that
the laminate has the following construction:a base material (10) of paper or plastic sheeting;a first primer (12) applied thereto;a first metallising (14) applied to the first primer (12);a second primer (16) applied to the first metallising (14);a second metallising (18) applied to the second primer (16); anda cover coat (20) applied to the second metallising (18). - Laminate according to claim 3,
characterised in that essentially the following weights per unit area or layer thicknesses are provided:- 40 - 120 g/m2
- base material (10)
- 0.5 - 2.5 g/m2
- first priming (12)
- 200 - 500 Å
- first metallising (14)
- 0.5 - 2.5 g/m2
- second priming (16)
- 200 - 500 Å
- second metallising (18)
- 0.5 - 2.5 g/m2
- cover coat (20).
- Laminate according to claim 3 or 4,
characterised in that
the base material (10) consists of conventional coated paper. - Laminate according to claim 3 or 4,
characterised in that
the base material (10) consists of an uncoated paper which has a surface smoothness like a coated paper due to calendering or lacquering. - Laminate according to one of claims 3 to 6,
characterised in that
the priming (12, 16) is a primer lacquer. - Laminate according to one of claims 3 to 7,
characterised in that
the cover coat (20) is a cover lacquer. - Use of a laminate according to one of claims 3 to 8 for the packaging of aroma-, gas- or moisture-containing products.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4433081 | 1994-09-16 | ||
DE4433081 | 1994-09-16 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0703009A1 EP0703009A1 (en) | 1996-03-27 |
EP0703009B1 true EP0703009B1 (en) | 1999-10-27 |
Family
ID=6528430
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95112469A Expired - Lifetime EP0703009B1 (en) | 1994-09-16 | 1995-08-08 | Metallised multilayer coating and process for making it |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0703009B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE185986T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE59507132D1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK0703009T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2139793T3 (en) |
GR (1) | GR3032446T3 (en) |
PT (1) | PT703009E (en) |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2368140A (en) * | 1941-02-05 | 1945-01-30 | Reddir Inc | Package and wrapper |
DE1225939B (en) | 1963-11-16 | 1966-09-29 | Leybold Hochvakuum Anlagen | Process for the production of a thin layer composed of several layers by high vacuum vapor deposition |
US3480464A (en) * | 1964-09-21 | 1969-11-25 | Dow Chemical Co | Laminate material and method of making |
US3463659A (en) * | 1965-10-22 | 1969-08-26 | Oxford Paper Co | Vacuum metallized paper |
JPS5212311A (en) | 1975-07-15 | 1977-01-29 | Toppan Printing Co Ltd | Alminium vapor deposited paper |
US4349402A (en) * | 1980-02-08 | 1982-09-14 | Transfer Print Foils, Inc. | Method for producing a bright metalized foil or board |
DE3017713A1 (en) | 1980-05-08 | 1981-11-12 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Metallising polymer films - by sputtering adhesion promoting layer onto film and then vacuum depositing metal, used for resistance layers |
US4911811A (en) * | 1988-07-14 | 1990-03-27 | The Stanley Works | Method of making coated articles with metallic appearance |
US5290625A (en) * | 1992-05-22 | 1994-03-01 | Davidson Textron Inc. | System for making bright aluminum parts |
US5284679A (en) * | 1992-11-16 | 1994-02-08 | Davidson Textron Inc. | Method for making bright trim articles |
-
1995
- 1995-08-08 AT AT95112469T patent/ATE185986T1/en active
- 1995-08-08 PT PT95112469T patent/PT703009E/en unknown
- 1995-08-08 ES ES95112469T patent/ES2139793T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-08-08 EP EP95112469A patent/EP0703009B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-08-08 DE DE59507132T patent/DE59507132D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-08-08 DK DK95112469T patent/DK0703009T3/en active
-
2000
- 2000-01-20 GR GR20000400141T patent/GR3032446T3/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GR3032446T3 (en) | 2000-05-31 |
DE59507132D1 (en) | 1999-12-02 |
PT703009E (en) | 2000-04-28 |
ES2139793T3 (en) | 2000-02-16 |
EP0703009A1 (en) | 1996-03-27 |
DK0703009T3 (en) | 1999-12-27 |
ATE185986T1 (en) | 1999-11-15 |
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