EP0699774A2 - Steels for tyre rims and monobloc tyres for railways and the like - Google Patents

Steels for tyre rims and monobloc tyres for railways and the like Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0699774A2
EP0699774A2 EP95112050A EP95112050A EP0699774A2 EP 0699774 A2 EP0699774 A2 EP 0699774A2 EP 95112050 A EP95112050 A EP 95112050A EP 95112050 A EP95112050 A EP 95112050A EP 0699774 A2 EP0699774 A2 EP 0699774A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
steel
temperature
following
followed
hours
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95112050A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0699774B1 (en
EP0699774A3 (en
Inventor
Giampiero Amici
Andrea Ghidini
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lucchini Rs SpA
Original Assignee
LOVERE SIDERMECCANICA SpA
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Publication of EP0699774A2 publication Critical patent/EP0699774A2/en
Publication of EP0699774A3 publication Critical patent/EP0699774A3/en
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/34—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tyres; for rims
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
    • C21D1/28—Normalising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/78—Combined heat-treatments not provided for above
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2261/00—Machining or cutting being involved

Definitions

  • This invention relates to two types of steel, utilizable the one for the fabrication of tyre rims, the other one for the fabrication of monobloc tyres for railways, tramways and underground railways.
  • Object of this invention is to obviate the aforementioned drawbacks.
  • this invention allows to reach this object through the utilization, for the fabrication of rims for railway tyres and monobloc railway tyres, of two types of C-Mn-Mo steels in which small amounts of elements (oligoelements) have been added comprising B, Zr, Nb, V and Al.
  • oligoelements small amounts of elements
  • the contemporaneous presence of such oligoelements, in well defined ratios relatively to one another and to the other elements comprised in the steels allows to realize a synergetical activity which allows to obtain a good hardening, necessary to reach a remarkable hardness and wear resistance, higher than those of the traditional steels used at present for railway tyres, preserving at the same time toughness.
  • compositions of such C-Mn-Mo micro-alloyed steels are different only as concerns the C content, which is 0.51-0.53% in the first case and 0.43-0.45% in the second case.
  • compositions are shown in the following table, where, besides oligoelements, also all the other elements comprised are indicated, stressing for some of them the extreme minimum and maximum percent contents foreseen.
  • N grade steel undergoes a NORMALIZATION by heating at 870-900°C and following maintenance for 2-4 hours at such temperature, followed by spontaneous air cooling up to room temperature.
  • T grade steel undergoes instead HARDENING AND TEMPERING comprising:
  • the high temperature of the T grade ensures that high toughnesses are reached and reduces the problems of surface hardness decline during shoe braking.
  • the excellent hardening capacity of the material ensures also limited hardness declines in the section, promoting resistance to wear throughout the tyre rim life.
  • the treatment methods are so regulated as to guarantee a good homogeneity of the hardness of the rolling surface.
  • Said monobloc tyres undergo a differential hardening treatment in a suitable plant having known characteristics.
  • Such heat treatment comprises the following steps:
  • the tempering temperature of 500-540°C ensure, also in this case, that high toughnesses are reached and reduces the problems of surface hardness decline during shoe braking.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)

Abstract

Steels for tyre rims and monobloc tyres for railways, tramways and underground railways, comprising two types of C-Mn-Ni-Mo steels micro-alloyed with B, Zr, Nb, V and Al.

Description

  • This invention relates to two types of steel, utilizable the one for the fabrication of tyre rims, the other one for the fabrication of monobloc tyres for railways, tramways and underground railways.
  • It is known that one of the more critical problems in the field of rolling stock is constituted by the phenomenon of tyre fluting, which is a phenomenon of local deterioration of the rolling surface of rim, which, following localized wear, transforms in time its circular starting profile into a multi-side polygonal profile (examples 14-20).
  • During the running of the vehicle, such deterioration becomes a source of noise and, in order to restrain the sound emission within the limits provided for by the law, it is necessary to perform frequent profile grindings on the traditional materials used at present, in order to restore the original circular profile, which involves high costs and consumptions.
  • Object of this invention is to obviate the aforementioned drawbacks.
  • In its more general aspect, this invention allows to reach this object through the utilization, for the fabrication of rims for railway tyres and monobloc railway tyres, of two types of C-Mn-Mo steels in which small amounts of elements (oligoelements) have been added comprising B, Zr, Nb, V and Al. The contemporaneous presence of such oligoelements, in well defined ratios relatively to one another and to the other elements comprised in the steels, allows to realize a synergetical activity which allows to obtain a good hardening, necessary to reach a remarkable hardness and wear resistance, higher than those of the traditional steels used at present for railway tyres, preserving at the same time toughness.
  • The compositions of such C-Mn-Mo micro-alloyed steels, the one being preferably suitable for the fabrication of railway tyre rims, the other one being preferibly suitable for the fabrication of monobloc railway rims, are different only as concerns the C content, which is 0.51-0.53% in the first case and 0.43-0.45% in the second case.
  • Such compositions are shown in the following table, where, besides oligoelements, also all the other elements comprised are indicated, stressing for some of them the extreme minimum and maximum percent contents foreseen.
    MICROALLOYED STEEL FOR TYRE RIMS MICROALLOYED STEEL FOR MONOBLOC TYRES
    C 0.51 - 0.53 0.43 - 0.45
    S ≦0.005 ≦0.005
    P ≦0.015 ≦0.015
    Mn 0.73 - 0.78 0.73 - 0.78
    Cr ≦0.10 ≦0.10
    Ni 0.20 - 0.25 0.20 - 0.25
    Mo 0.40 - 0.45 0.40 - 0.45
    Cu ≦0.25 ≦0.25
    Si 0.30 - 0.35 0.30 - 0.35
    Sn ≦0.020 ≦0.020
    As ≦0.025 ≦0.025
    Ti ≦0.010 ≦0.010
    B 0.00100 - 0.0018 0.0010 - 0.0018
    Zr 0.015 - 0.020 0.015 - 0.020
    Nb 0.025 - 0.030 0.025 - 0.030
    V 0.03 - 0.05 0.03 - 0.05
  • In the case of the micro-alloyed steel for railway tyre rims, the following mechanical properties are ensured which refer to two different steel grades, obtained with two different conditions of heat treatment and which allow to satisfy different application fields.
    N grade steel T grade steel
    Ultimate tensile strength (N/mm2) 820.920 920-1040
    Yield point (N/mm2) ≧550 ≧700
    Elongation (%) ≧14 ≧14
    Striction (%) ≧35 ≧35
    CHARPY U resilience temp. = 20°C (Joule) ≧15 ≧20
  • N grade steel undergoes a NORMALIZATION by heating at 870-900°C and following maintenance for 2-4 hours at such temperature, followed by spontaneous air cooling up to room temperature. T grade steel undergoes instead HARDENING AND TEMPERING comprising:
    • HARDENING through heating at 870-900°C, and following maintenance for 2-4 hours at such temperature, followed by water cooling up to room temperature;
    • TEMPERING through heating at 580-620°C, and following maintenance for 10-14 hours at such temperature, followed by spontaneous air cooling up to room temperature.
  • The high temperature of the T grade ensures that high toughnesses are reached and reduces the problems of surface hardness decline during shoe braking. The excellent hardening capacity of the material ensures also limited hardness declines in the section, promoting resistance to wear throughout the tyre rim life.
  • Both for N grade steel and T grade steel, the treatment methods are so regulated as to guarantee a good homogeneity of the hardness of the rolling surface.
  • Instead, in the case of micro-alloyed steel for monobloc railway tyres, the following mechanical properties are ensured in the tyre plate and the rim crown.
    Side plate Rim crown
    Ultimate tensile strength (N/mm2) ≦850 940-1020
    Yield point (N/mm2) ≧700
    Elongation (%) ≧15 ≧14
    Striction (%) ≧45 ≧40
    CHARPY U resilience temp. = 20°C (Joule) ≧20
  • Said monobloc tyres undergo a differential hardening treatment in a suitable plant having known characteristics. Such heat treatment comprises the following steps:
    • NORMALIZATION by heating at 870-930°C and following maintenance for 2-4 hours at such temperature, followed by spontaneous air cooling up to room temperature.
    • ROUGH MACHINING;
    • AUSTENIZITING by heating at 870-900°C and following maintenance for 2-4 hours at such temperature, followed by cooling in the differential hardening plant;
    • TEMPERING through heating at 580-540°C, and following maintenance for 8-12 hours at such temperature, followed by spontaneous air cooling up to room temperature.
  • The tempering temperature of 500-540°C ensure, also in this case, that high toughnesses are reached and reduces the problems of surface hardness decline during shoe braking.
  • Also the conditions that promote wear resistance throughout the life of the monobloc tyre and the good homogeneity of the rolling surface hardness are ensured.

Claims (6)

  1. Steels for tyre rims and monobloc tyres for railways, tramways and underground railways, characterized in that they comprise two types of C-Mn-Co steels micro-alloyed with B, Zr, Nb, V and Al.
  2. Steels according to claim 1, characterized in that they have the following percent chemical composition: MICROALLOYED STEEL FOR TYRE RIMS MICROALLOYED STEEL FOR MONOBLOC TYRES C 0.51 - 0.53 0.43 - 0.45 S ≦0.005 ≦0.005 P ≦0.015 ≦0.015 Mn 0.73 - 0.78 0.73 - 0.78 Cr ≦0.10 ≦0.10 Ni 0.20 - 0.25 0.20 - 0.25 Mo 0.40 - 0.45 0.40 - 0.45 Cu ≦0.25 ≦0.25 Si 0.30 - 0.35 0.30 - 0.35 Sn ≦0.020 ≦0.020 As ≦0.025 ≦0.025 Ti ≦0.010 ≦0.010 B 0.00100 - 0.0018 0.0010 - 0.0018 Zr 0.015 - 0.020 0.015 - 0.020 Nb 0.025 - 0.030 0.025 - 0.030 V 0.03 - 0.05 0.03 - 0.05
  3. Steel according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it has, depending on the treatment undergone, two finishing grades, N grade and T grade, having the following mechanical properties: N grade steel T grade steel Ultimate tensile strength (N/mm2) 820.920 920-1040 Yield point (N/mm2) ≧550 ≧700 Elongation (%) ≧14 ≧14 Striction (%) ≧35 ≧35 CHARPY U resilience temp. = 20°C (Joule) ≧15 ≧20
  4. Steel for monobloc tyres according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it has in the side plate and the rim crown the following mechanical properties: Side plate Rim crown Ultimate tensile strength (N/mm2) ≦850 940-1020 Yield point (N/mm2) ≧700 Elongation (%) ≧15 ≧14 Striction (%) ≧45 ≧40 CHARPY U resilience temp. = 20°C (Joule) ≧20
  5. Steel for tyre rims according to claim 4, characterized in that said mechanical properties of N grade steel are reached through NORMALIZATION by heating at 870-900°C and following maintenance for 2-4 hours at such temperature, followed by spontaneous air cooling up to room temperature, and in that said mechanical properties of T grade steel are reached through HARDENING AND TEMPERING comprising HARDENING through heating at 870-900°C, and following maintenance for 2-4 hours at such temperature, followed by spontaneous water cooling up to room temperature; and TEMPERING through heating at 580-620°C, and following maintenance for 10-14 hours at such temperature, followed by spontaneous air cooling up to room temperature.
  6. Steel for monobloc tyres according to claim 4, characterized in that said mechanical properties of the side plate and the rim crown are reached through a heat treatment comprising the following steps:
    - NORMALIZATION by heating at 870-930°C and following maintenance for 2-4 hours at such temperature, followed by spontaneous air cooling up to room temperature.
    - ROUGH MACHINING;
    - AUSTENIZITING by heating at 870-900°C and following maintenance for 2-4 hours at such temperature, followed by cooling in the differential hardening plant;
    - TEMPERING through heating at 580-540°C, and following maintenance for 8-12 hours at such temperature, followed by spontaneous air cooling up to room temperature.
EP95112050A 1994-08-09 1995-08-01 Steels for monobloc tyres for railways and the like Expired - Lifetime EP0699774B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITMI941729 1994-08-09
ITMI941729A IT1274607B (en) 1994-08-09 1994-08-09 STEELS FOR WHEEL RIMS AND SINGLE-WHEEL WHEELS FOR THE RAILWAY SECTOR AND SIMILAR

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0699774A2 true EP0699774A2 (en) 1996-03-06
EP0699774A3 EP0699774A3 (en) 1996-05-08
EP0699774B1 EP0699774B1 (en) 1999-10-20

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EP95112050A Expired - Lifetime EP0699774B1 (en) 1994-08-09 1995-08-01 Steels for monobloc tyres for railways and the like

Country Status (5)

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EP (1) EP0699774B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE185852T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69512856T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2137419T3 (en)
IT (1) IT1274607B (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2764127B1 (en) 2011-10-07 2015-08-12 Babasaheb Neelkanth Kalyani A process to improve fatigue strength of micro alloy steels, forged parts made from the process and an apparatus to execute the process
CN110791618A (en) * 2019-11-11 2020-02-14 常熟非凡新材股份有限公司 Method for processing lining plate of ball mill

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS512616A (en) * 1974-06-25 1976-01-10 Nippon Steel Corp CHODAIKAJUYONET SUSHORIREERU
US4348800A (en) * 1980-04-14 1982-09-14 Republic Steel Corporation Production of steel products with medium to high contents of carbon and manganese and superior surface quality
DE3446794C1 (en) * 1984-12-21 1986-01-02 BWG Butzbacher Weichenbau GmbH, 6308 Butzbach Process for the heat treatment of pearlitic rail steel
JPH02133544A (en) * 1988-11-14 1990-05-22 Nkk Corp Rail steel stock excellent in quenching crack resistance
US4975041A (en) * 1989-05-18 1990-12-04 Fries Steven L Die assembly for die casting a propeller structure

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS512616A (en) * 1974-06-25 1976-01-10 Nippon Steel Corp CHODAIKAJUYONET SUSHORIREERU
US4348800A (en) * 1980-04-14 1982-09-14 Republic Steel Corporation Production of steel products with medium to high contents of carbon and manganese and superior surface quality
DE3446794C1 (en) * 1984-12-21 1986-01-02 BWG Butzbacher Weichenbau GmbH, 6308 Butzbach Process for the heat treatment of pearlitic rail steel
JPH02133544A (en) * 1988-11-14 1990-05-22 Nkk Corp Rail steel stock excellent in quenching crack resistance
US4975041A (en) * 1989-05-18 1990-12-04 Fries Steven L Die assembly for die casting a propeller structure

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Week 7608 Derwent Publications Ltd., London, GB; AN 76-24043X & JP-A-51 002 616 (NIPPON STEEL CORP.KK) , 10 January 1976 *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 014 no. 363 (C-0746) ,7 August 1990 & JP-A-02 133544 (NKK CORP) 22 May 1990, *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2764127B1 (en) 2011-10-07 2015-08-12 Babasaheb Neelkanth Kalyani A process to improve fatigue strength of micro alloy steels, forged parts made from the process and an apparatus to execute the process
CN110791618A (en) * 2019-11-11 2020-02-14 常熟非凡新材股份有限公司 Method for processing lining plate of ball mill

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0699774B1 (en) 1999-10-20
ITMI941729A1 (en) 1996-02-09
IT1274607B (en) 1997-07-18
DE69512856D1 (en) 1999-11-25
ATE185852T1 (en) 1999-11-15
ITMI941729A0 (en) 1994-08-09
DE69512856T2 (en) 2000-02-24
EP0699774A3 (en) 1996-05-08
ES2137419T3 (en) 1999-12-16

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