EP0699095B1 - Fire damper and a fire damper control system - Google Patents

Fire damper and a fire damper control system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0699095B1
EP0699095B1 EP94915738A EP94915738A EP0699095B1 EP 0699095 B1 EP0699095 B1 EP 0699095B1 EP 94915738 A EP94915738 A EP 94915738A EP 94915738 A EP94915738 A EP 94915738A EP 0699095 B1 EP0699095 B1 EP 0699095B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
damper
shaft
motor
unit
central unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94915738A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0699095A1 (en
Inventor
Ke Nerell
Ulf WIKSTRÖM
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nv Brandstopp AB
Original Assignee
Nv Brandstopp AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from SE9301634A external-priority patent/SE501531C2/sv
Priority claimed from SE9400104A external-priority patent/SE9400104D0/xx
Application filed by Nv Brandstopp AB filed Critical Nv Brandstopp AB
Publication of EP0699095A1 publication Critical patent/EP0699095A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0699095B1 publication Critical patent/EP0699095B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/08—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates
    • F24F13/10—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers
    • F24F13/14—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers built up of tilting members, e.g. louvre
    • F24F13/1426—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers built up of tilting members, e.g. louvre characterised by actuating means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C2/00—Fire prevention or containment
    • A62C2/06—Physical fire-barriers
    • A62C2/24—Operating or controlling mechanisms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/32—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies
    • F24F11/33—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies to fire, excessive heat or smoke
    • F24F11/35—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies to fire, excessive heat or smoke by closing air passages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/08—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates
    • F24F13/10—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers
    • F24F13/14—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers built up of tilting members, e.g. louvre
    • F24F13/1406—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers built up of tilting members, e.g. louvre characterised by sealing means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/08—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates
    • F24F13/10—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers
    • F24F13/14—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers built up of tilting members, e.g. louvre
    • F24F13/1426—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers built up of tilting members, e.g. louvre characterised by actuating means
    • F24F2013/1433—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers built up of tilting members, e.g. louvre characterised by actuating means with electric motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/08—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates
    • F24F13/10—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers
    • F24F13/14—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers built up of tilting members, e.g. louvre
    • F24F13/1426—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers built up of tilting members, e.g. louvre characterised by actuating means
    • F24F2013/1446—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers built up of tilting members, e.g. louvre characterised by actuating means with gearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/08—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates
    • F24F13/10—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers
    • F24F13/14—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers built up of tilting members, e.g. louvre
    • F24F13/1426—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers built up of tilting members, e.g. louvre characterised by actuating means
    • F24F2013/146—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers built up of tilting members, e.g. louvre characterised by actuating means with springs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/08—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates
    • F24F13/10—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers
    • F24F13/14—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers built up of tilting members, e.g. louvre
    • F24F13/1426—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers built up of tilting members, e.g. louvre characterised by actuating means
    • F24F2013/148—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers built up of tilting members, e.g. louvre characterised by actuating means with magnets

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a control system and method for preventing the spreading of fire and smoke in a ventilation system, comprising at least one damper unit being supplied with at least one damper device, which is manoeuvrable between a starting point and a working position and by which an interruption in the energy supply, which is unintentional or which is initiated via sensing means, causes an automatic return of the damper device to its starting point, and a central unit being provided for remote control and monitoring of said damper unit.
  • Such a system can be used for example to open and close a flap valve for preventing the spreading of fire and smoke.
  • a smoke and fire damper according to the invention effectively stops combustion gases and smoke produced in a fire from spreading via the ventilation system of a building.
  • the fire damper limits the damage and helps prevent catastrophes occurring in hotels, ships, industrial buildings, nursing homes, hospitals, office buildings, storage buildings and schools.
  • each fire damper By connecting each fire damper to a new, completely computerized monitoring and control system in a two-wire configuration, which is designed to be used for monitoring the fire dampers with associated smoke detectors and thermoswitches, it is possible to automatically check the functioning of each fire damper, thus eliminating the necessity of extra fire insulation of the ventilation ducts.
  • Each fire damper has built-in smoke detectors and thermoswitches and can, if there is to be central surveillance, be coupled to the monitoring and control system by means of a single twisted two-conductor cable.
  • US-A-4,928,583 discloses an air flow control system for controlling the air flow within a building having a blower for recirculating the air in the building comprising vents for venting air out of the building and means for closing the vents upon the detection of fire, smoke, or high heat in the building.
  • the system also includes sensors for detecting fire, smoke, or high heat in the building.
  • a breaker switch connected to the blower is also included in the system for disabling the blower to stop recirculation of the air upon the detection of fire, smoke, and high heat in the building.
  • JP-A-02299672 describes a disaster prevention system having a processing portion which decides whether or not each equipment operate. Upon malfunction image processing part and alarm producing portion are notified. Image processing part and a monitor display a visual alarm and a sound alarm to signal any malfunctioning.
  • Spring-loaded gear train motors for fire dampers are previously known in control technology, but these motors are often complicated in their design and are thus expensive to manufacture as well as being space-consuming, which means that in general they are only suitable for quite large installations. Due to the relatively large external dimensions of such a motor, it is as a rule not possible to mount it in direct connection with a flap valve for example in a duct section, which is often in turn located inside a dividing wall. The motor is instead mounted separate from the duct section on either side of the wall. In order to transmit the rotary motion of the motor to the damper, some type of transmission is required, e.g. a shaft with an angle transmission, a belt transmission or a linkage arm system.
  • the purpose of the present invention is therefore to provide, in a simpler and less expensive manner than previously, a control system comprising an operating device for fire dampers, which reliably blocks the damper in the closed position, which system is flexible and which is inexpensive to install and wire.
  • a control system comprising an operating device for fire dampers, which reliably blocks the damper in the closed position, which system is flexible and which is inexpensive to install and wire.
  • the damper unit is connectable to the central unit and at least one further damper unit as well, by means of at least one digital control circuit in the form of a loop.
  • a corresponding method is characterized in that said central unit performs remote control and monitoring of each damper unit, which is, directly or via an adjacent damper unit, connected to the central unit by means of at least one digital control circuit in the form of a loop.
  • the device according to the invention is intended to be controlled by means of a modular, expandable central unit "DDC", which via two-wire connectors in three loops can be connected to up to 96 damper units for digital remote control and moni-toring of fire dampers coupled to each damper unit.
  • DDC modular, expandable central unit
  • DDC it is possible, via only one two-wire cable, to remotely monitor on a central display both the supply and exhaust ducts to each individual room, e.g. in a hotel or a nursing home.
  • the display is suitably in the form of signal lamps which have different colours depending on what type of alarm is to be indicted (green, yellow, red etc, red preferably being used to indicate fire and smoke alarm).
  • the communication between the dampers and the central unit is done digitally with a two-wire system.
  • Each damper has a unique address and in this way the communication can be effected in two directions between the central unit and the damper. Communication is also possible with a superior computer, a telenet work etc.
  • a printer can also be coupled directly to the central unit.
  • the letter A designates a ventilation duct with abutments 2 and 3 for a damper 4, which is joined to a gear 5 mounted on a rotary shaft 6 for the damper.
  • a gear train motor 7 Near the gear 5 there is mounted a gear train motor 7, which has at one end an output shaft and a pinion 8 mounted thereon.
  • the gear train motor is pivotally mounted about a fixed pivot pin 9 disposed at the same end next to the pinion 8 in such a manner that the center axes of the pivot pin, the damper, the pinion and the gear 5 are all parallel to each other.
  • On the pivot pin 9 there is also mounted a pawl 10 biassed by a leaf spring 11 towards the gear 5.
  • the pawl 10 is also provided with a heel 12 directed against the gear train motor 7 and which, under the influence of the spring 11, strives to come into contact with the outside of the motor 7.
  • a linear motor in the form of an electromagnet 13 is pivotally mounted on an anchoring pin 14 and the linearly displaceable rod-spaced core of the magnet is joined at its free end to an operating pin 15 securely anchored to the other end of the motor 7.
  • a spiral spring 16 is placed over the protruding portion of the magnetic core and bears with one end against the opposite end of the magnetic coil and bears with its other end against a stop on the protruding portion of the magnetic core. The spiral spring 16 thus strives to push the core out of the coil, when the coil is free of current.
  • a spiral spring 17 acting as a return spring and provided with long legs is mounted on the shaft 6. One leg is fixed at the point 18 while the other leg is in resilient contact with a spring pin 19 fixed to the gear 5.
  • the gear train motor 7 and the electromagnet 13 each have individual connecting wires (not shown) of conventional type, for connecting a driving voltage and an operating voltage. Connection and disconnection of these voltages is controlled by means of a control unit 20, e.g. a microprocessor with presettable command values, which obtain their control signals (the actual values) from sensors (not shown) in the duct A in question, suitably smoke detectors and temperature sensors or the like of a type which is known per se. Normally the operating voltage to the electromagnet 13 and the drive voltage to the gear train motor 7 are connected by the control unit 20.
  • the displaceable core is affected by the magnetic field so that it is displaced into the magnet against the force of the spiral spring 16, thus compressing the spring at the same time as the core, via the pivot connection with the operating pin 15, pulls the gear train motor 7 with it in its displacement. Since the motor 7 is pivotally mounted on the pin 9, the motor will be rotable about said pin until the pinion 8 engages the gear 5 on the shaft 6. Since the driving voltage of the gear train motor 7 is normally also turned on by the control unit 20, the output shaft of the motor, with the pinion 8 mounted thereon, will rotate in the direction of the arrow, and the gear 5 will rotate in the direction of the arrow M carrying with it the shaft 6 and the second leg of the return spring 17.
  • both the operating voltage and the driving voltage are shut off.
  • the core of the electromagnet 13 is thus pushed out of the magnet under the influence of the pretensioned spiral spring 16, and the gear train motor 7 is pivoted about the pin 9 so that the pinion 8 is no longer in engagement with the gear 5 of the shaft 6.
  • the return spring 17 then returns, via the spring pin 19, the gear 5 and the shaft 6, the damper 4 in the direction of the arrow M' to the starting position in sealing contact with the abutments 2 and 3.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated in Figures 3-6 and comprises, in addition to the central control unit 20, two end panels 21,22, and a two-part housing 24 in the form of a duct, said housing being coupled into a unit by means of a flange coupling 26.
  • a damper shaft 28 arranged in the housing there is mounted a gear in the form of a toothed segment 30, which is in permanent engagement with the pinion 32 of a drive unit 31, said pinion being mounted on the output shaft of the drive unit 31 which can be fixedly mounted relative to the toothed segment 30.
  • the pinion 32 of the output shaft is connected to an electric motor 36 of the drive unit 31 by means of a gear train 34.
  • An electromagnet 38 can also be fixedly mounted relative to the toothed segment 30.
  • the magnet moves, via a linkage arm 40, a blocking element 42 between a position blocking the toothed segment 30 and a position releasing the toothed segment.
  • Two microswitches 44,46 are mounted on either side of the motor 36 and act as position sensors for the position of the damper shaft 28 and thus the position of the damper. The microswitches 44,46 are actuated by a pin 47 fixed to the toothed segment.
  • the motor 36 is mounted on a motor plate 48 and is activated together with the electromagnet 38.
  • the damper shaft 28 carries a damper plate 50, and a torsion spring 52 together with a spring guide 54 are mounted on the damper shaft 28, by means of which the damper plate 50 is continuously biassed towards the closed position.
  • the blocking element 42 releases the toothed segment 30 and this permits the toothed segment to move, rotating the damper shaft 28 thus opening the damper and tensioning the torsion spring 52.
  • the tension energy in the spring 52 is released returning the damper to its closed position, where it is locked by the blocking means 42 being moved by a compression spring 56 to a position blocking the toothed segment 30. In this position, the damper cannot be opened unless the motor and the electromagnet are reactivated by supplying them with drive voltage.
  • the damper housing 24 there is an insulation 58, preferably of mineral wool (Promatect type L).
  • the damper housing 24 is coated on its interior with a fire-inhibiting paint from Casco Nobel in three layers, which has been cured and which constitutes significant heat-insulation.
  • the paint designation is Hensoterm 4 KS, white matt, intended for fire insulation of supporting steel structures.
  • the fire-inhibiting paint is also applied to the mounting 60 for the damper plate 50 shaft as above, which substantially extends the resistance to through-burning of the damper plate.
  • the damper plate 50 itself is suitably made in three layers of a fire-resistant material of conventional type, and the surfaces of the damper itself are treated with fire-inhibiting paint as above.
  • the damper plate 50 abuts against, in its closed position, sealing strips 62 (Z-strips) of fire-resistant foamed plastic arranged on the walls of the housing 24.
  • the drive unit 31 is made as a module which is easily replaceable if a fault for example should occur in the damper motor 36. It is important that the pinion 32 of the drive unit 31 be in correct engagement with the toothed segment 30, to assure reliable functioning of the device.
  • the shaft of the pinion 32 is therefore provided with a ball bearing 64 mounted between the pinion 32 and the motor plate 48.
  • An abutment 66 is made on the toothed segment 30, and serves as an abutment for the ball bearing 64 when a faulty drive unit has been removed and a new drive unit 31 is put in place by means of guide and anchoring rails (not shown).
  • a T-pipe to the output endpiece, said T-pipe being connected to the ventilation duct in question with its end opposite to the endpiece and having an opening 90° relative to said ends, through which it is possible, with the aid of a mirror for example, to inspect the interior of the fire damper.
  • This opening is rotatable 360° by rotating the entire T-pipe to the desired position, which facilitates access to the opening.
  • the opening is covered by an inspection lid in the center of which a smoke detector is suitably mounted.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)
  • Control Of Position Or Direction (AREA)
EP94915738A 1993-05-12 1994-05-10 Fire damper and a fire damper control system Expired - Lifetime EP0699095B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9301634 1993-05-12
SE9301634A SE501531C2 (sv) 1993-05-12 1993-05-12 Vridanordning för en axel för öppning av stängning av brandspjäll
SE9400104 1994-01-17
SE9400104A SE9400104D0 (sv) 1994-01-17 1994-01-17 System för att förhindra spridning av brand och rökgaser i ventilationsanläggningar
PCT/SE1994/000432 WO1994026352A1 (en) 1993-05-12 1994-05-10 Fire damper and a fire damper control system

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0699095A1 EP0699095A1 (en) 1996-03-06
EP0699095B1 true EP0699095B1 (en) 2000-06-28

Family

ID=26661734

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94915738A Expired - Lifetime EP0699095B1 (en) 1993-05-12 1994-05-10 Fire damper and a fire damper control system

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0699095B1 (fi)
AU (1) AU6763994A (fi)
DE (1) DE69425056T2 (fi)
DK (1) DK0699095T3 (fi)
FI (1) FI109877B (fi)
NO (1) NO954522L (fi)
WO (1) WO1994026352A1 (fi)

Cited By (1)

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RU2472547C2 (ru) * 2007-04-12 2013-01-20 Белимо Холдинг Аг Приводная система для противопожарной заслонки

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ATE235933T1 (de) * 1996-08-13 2003-04-15 Rubitec Ag Explosionsschutzvorrichtung mit elektrischer auslösung
FR2757775B1 (fr) * 1996-12-27 1999-02-19 Panol Dispositif coupe-feu pour conduit de ventilation
EP0866283A3 (de) * 1997-03-17 2000-04-26 Schako Metallwarenfabrik Ferdinand Schad KG Vorrichtung zum Überwachen und Steuern von Elementen der Klimatechnik
EP1267133A1 (en) * 2001-06-12 2002-12-18 Climovent System S.r.l. Shutter device for ventilation ducts, particularly as fire-arrester
DE20314559U1 (de) * 2003-09-19 2003-12-04 Bbh Betriebseinrichtungen Ag Elektrisch angetriebene Brandschutzklappe
DE102005012228A1 (de) * 2005-03-15 2006-11-02 Werner Wildeboer Brandschutzeinrichtung für eine lufttechnische Anlage mit zumindest einem einen Querschnitt der lufttechnischen Anlage verschließenden Absperrelement
DE102007041383B4 (de) * 2007-08-31 2009-10-22 K + G Pneumatik Gmbh Rauch- und Wärmeabzugs- und Lüftungseinrichtung umfassend Rauch- und Wärmeabzugs- und Lüftungsgeräte mit jeweils einem motorischen Antrieb
WO2013142535A2 (en) * 2012-03-19 2013-09-26 Casey Daniel P Novel louver system
US8979622B2 (en) 2009-08-31 2015-03-17 Daniel P. Casey Louver system
US10132083B1 (en) 2009-08-31 2018-11-20 Daniel P. Casey Systems for collecting rainwater and recycling grey water
US8443652B2 (en) * 2009-10-01 2013-05-21 Calectro Aktiebolag Fluid detector
ES2436506B1 (es) * 2012-06-27 2014-10-08 Madel Air Technical Diffusion, S.A. Mecanismo aplicable al accionamiento automático y manual de una compuerta
CN112229010B (zh) * 2020-10-10 2021-12-07 东莞市净诺环境科技股份有限公司 一种挂壁式双风道便于维护的新风机
US11949298B2 (en) * 2020-11-04 2024-04-02 Kohler Co. Generator enclosure with fire damper

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JPH02299672A (ja) * 1989-05-15 1990-12-11 Toshiba Corp 防災システム

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US4432272A (en) * 1982-11-29 1984-02-21 Ruskin Manufacturing Company Motor operated fire damper
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US4928583A (en) * 1988-07-22 1990-05-29 Taylor Harry L Air flow control system
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Patent Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH02299672A (ja) * 1989-05-15 1990-12-11 Toshiba Corp 防災システム

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2472547C2 (ru) * 2007-04-12 2013-01-20 Белимо Холдинг Аг Приводная система для противопожарной заслонки

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO954522D0 (no) 1995-11-09
DE69425056D1 (de) 2000-08-03
AU6763994A (en) 1994-12-12
EP0699095A1 (en) 1996-03-06
DE69425056T2 (de) 2001-03-08
NO954522L (no) 1995-11-09
FI955432A0 (fi) 1995-11-10
WO1994026352A1 (en) 1994-11-24
FI109877B (fi) 2002-10-31
DK0699095T3 (da) 2000-11-13
FI955432A (fi) 1995-11-10

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