EP0690762A1 - Procede permettant de braser des ailettes sur des demi-tubes et systeme de mise en uvre dudit procede - Google Patents

Procede permettant de braser des ailettes sur des demi-tubes et systeme de mise en uvre dudit procede

Info

Publication number
EP0690762A1
EP0690762A1 EP95906884A EP95906884A EP0690762A1 EP 0690762 A1 EP0690762 A1 EP 0690762A1 EP 95906884 A EP95906884 A EP 95906884A EP 95906884 A EP95906884 A EP 95906884A EP 0690762 A1 EP0690762 A1 EP 0690762A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ribs
pipe
solder material
shell
pipe shell
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP95906884A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Werner Borchert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GEA AG
Original Assignee
GEA AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE4430416A external-priority patent/DE4430416A1/de
Application filed by GEA AG filed Critical GEA AG
Publication of EP0690762A1 publication Critical patent/EP0690762A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/002—Soldering by means of induction heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
    • B23K2101/06—Tubes
    • B23K2101/08—Tubes finned or ribbed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
    • B23K2101/14—Heat exchangers

Definitions

  • the invention relates on the one hand to a method for connecting ribs, in particular as part of a folded ribbed belt, with a flat outside of a pipe shell according to the features in the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention is directed to arrangements for performing the method.
  • Heat exchanger tube packages belong to the prior art, in which the heat exchanger tubes having an elongated cross section are arranged in a row next to one another.
  • the heat exchanger tubes have flat outer sides. Folded ribbed strips are provided between the outer sides of two adjacent heat exchanger tubes and extend over the entire length of the heat exchanger tube package.
  • the folds can be rectangular, trapezoidal or wavy. Single ribs are also known.
  • the ribbed belts are first folded or individual fins are produced, and tube shells with a U-shaped cross section are produced.
  • the tube shells are then connected to the ribbed strips or individual ribs by means of fusion welding beams, in particular laser beams, which are directed onto the inside of the tube shells.
  • the tube shells connected to the ribbed strips or individual ribs are then welded along their longitudinal edges to form heat exchanger tubes and thereby to form a complete heat exchanger tube package.
  • Such a heat exchanger tube package is then immersed in a zinc bath. This achieves the necessary corrosion protection on the free surfaces and the gap-free contact of the burr areas of the ribbed belts or the individual ribs on the outer sides of the pipe shells to ensure perfect heat transfer.
  • the known method presupposes the provision of complex laser beam welding machines. Furthermore, the prefabricated ribbed belts or individual ribs and pipe shells have to be joined and welded in several manufacturing steps. Finally, it is necessary to galvanize a complete heat exchanger tube package in the immersion bath. This dip galvanizing also requires a high level of equipment and heat technology.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method and arrangements for the economical connection of fins, in particular as a component of folded ribbed ribbons, with the tube shells of an elongated cross-section having heat exchanger tubes which require only a small outlay in terms of equipment and can be used in any variation for the materials steel, zinc and aluminum.
  • solder material which, when joining ribs, in particular as part of a folded ribbed band, is introduced with a tubular shell flatly between the flat outside of the tubular shell and the adjacent ridge regions of the ribs.
  • the solder material can be a solder foil that is closed over the surface or a grid-like solder mat.
  • so-called “ALU” or “Zn-Braze” (solder paste) or also the so-called “Braze-Skin” process (pre-applied solder material) is used.
  • a coating of meltable solder material is conceivable, which has a melting point which is relatively low in relation to the base material.
  • a solder foil that is closed over the surface is advantageously used when both the tube shell and the ribs are made of steel.
  • only the ribs need to be coated with zinc or aluminum in order to ensure the necessary corrosion resistance.
  • the flat outside of the pipe The shell is automatically coated in a corrosion-resistant manner when the ribs are connected to the ribs.
  • the fins are made of aluminum and the pipe shell is made of steel.
  • the electrical potential of the solder material should correspond approximately to the electrical potential of the fins or a coated pipe shell in order to avoid corrosion with the associated disadvantages.
  • the fins are simultaneously arranged between two pipe shells, solder material is introduced flat between in particular the ridge areas of a ribbed band and the outer sides of the pipe shells, the fins, the solder material and the pipe shells are pressed together and the fins with the pipe shells Liquefying the solder material with subsequent solidification.
  • the heat of fusion for liquefying the solder material can be applied in various ways. According to the features of claim 2, however, it is advantageous if the heat of fusion from the inside of the Pipe shell is applied. This can expediently be done from below when connecting only one pipe shell to the ribs, so that the whole must then be rotated through 180 ° in order to connect another pipe shell to the ribs. If two pipe shells are connected to the fins at the same time, the heat of fusion is applied both from above and from below, ie in a horizontal or possibly also in a vertical plane, but always from the inside of the pipe shells.
  • the heat of fusion is applied flatly to the inside of the pipe shell. This can be done, for example, with radiators which are powered by electrical current, e.g. inductively, acted upon and brought into full contact with the inside of the pipe shells.
  • the heat of fusion is generated with a fusion welding beam, for example a laser beam, which is less concentrated than welding.
  • a fusion welding beam for example a laser beam
  • These broad jets are then moved in a strip-like manner in the longitudinal direction and / or transverse direction over the inside of the pipe shell at a relatively high speed.
  • the pipe shell is warmed up in a wide range.
  • the solder material is then also melted and fills the gaps between the outside of the tube shell and the fins, in particular the ridge areas of a fin band, through intensive capillary action.
  • a preferred embodiment for generating the heat of fusion for the solder material is seen in the features of claim 5. Thereafter, the soldering material is melted exclusively by radiant heat, which leads to leads to a particularly uniform liquefaction of the solder material.
  • the ribs and the pipe shell connected to them can be cooled with cooling gas, such as e.g. Air or nitrogen are applied.
  • the cooling gas is led parallel to the side surfaces of the fins. It can be generated by a blower.
  • a suction device for the cooling gas can be arranged in addition to the blower or instead on the other side. The blower and / or the suction device can then be used to remove the particles located in the channels between the ribs and the aggressive gases from the soldering process.
  • caps can be aluminum caps or galvanized steel caps which are applied tightly to the end faces. The application can take place by clamping or gluing.
  • a further possibility of preventing the end faces of heat exchanger tubes formed from two tube shells from corrosion is provided by the features of claim 8. Coating with aluminum or zinc is carried out in particular by metal spraying.
  • radiators which can be subjected to electrical induction can be placed flat on the inside of a pipe shell. Multiple radiators in multiple ren rows can be arranged one behind the other.
  • the necessary pressing force of the pipe shell on a ribbed belt or on individual ribs can be generated via the heating elements by incorporating solder material applied flat (closed surface or grid-like).
  • the ribs are each connected to a pipe shell.
  • the radiators are expediently brought up to the pipe shell only from below. This also prevents liquid solder material from dripping in an uncontrolled manner.
  • Another variant provides the features of claim 10. Thereafter, two pipe shells are simultaneously brought up to the ridge areas on both longitudinal edges of the ribs with the incorporation of solder material. In this case, the radiators in contact with the inner sides of the two tube shells can then be heated simultaneously. However, it is also possible that only the radiators located below are heated and the upper radiators serve as counter brackets. After connecting one pipe shell to the ribs, the entire arrangement is rotated by 90 ° or 180 ° and the other pipe shell is also soldered to the ribs accordingly.
  • the invention provides according to claim 11 that the radiators are chambered in joining devices. These joining devices take over the pressing of the ribs, the solder material and the pipe shell, while the radiators are used exclusively to generate the heat of fusion.
  • the pressing on the one hand and the melting process on the other are separated from one another. Accordingly, the respective devices can be designed to be function-specific.
  • the relative storage of the radiators to the joining devices gene has the further advantage that after the melting of the solder material, the radiators can be lifted off the pipe shells, so that no further heat is supplied by heat conduction.
  • the heat in the heated radiators is largely retained because they are chambered accordingly in the joining devices.
  • the radiators then do not need to be heated again from room temperature to the melting temperature for the next soldering operation. The energy expenditure is reduced. Because the radiators are chambered in the joining devices, they are also protected against the aggressive vapors from the soldering process.
  • radiators and / or the joining devices can be moved by pneumatically actuated cylinders. Hydraulic cylinders can also be used.
  • the cooling gas is preferably generated by a fan which pushes the cooling gas through the channels transversely to a ribbed belt or in the longitudinal direction of the ribs.
  • a suction device can be installed on the other side, which removes the heated cooling gas.
  • a suction device can also be provided instead of the blower.
  • the fins, each pipe shell, each radiator, each joining device and each of the radiators and / or the joining devices assigned cylinder integrated in a frame-like holder.
  • This holder can be rotated by at least 180 ° about a longitudinal axis. The rotatability always proves to be expedient if only one pipe shell is soldered to the ribs. To solder the pipe shell arranged on the other side of the ribs, the holder is rotated about the longitudinal axis.
  • a further solution of the part of the present invention is seen in the features of claim 16.
  • the solder material is then heated using a fusion welding jet device.
  • This can be designed as a laser beam device.
  • the solder material is melted by a corresponding method of at least one laser beam along the inside of the tube shells in the broadest possible path so that it can solidify after switching off or after the fusion welding beam has moved on and thereby connect the ribs to the tube shells.
  • heating elements which comprise a heating plate made of a suitable material, e.g. Stainless steel or nickel, brought to such a temperature evenly distributed over its entire surface that the heat plate can then emit heat by radiation to the pipe shell and thus to the solder material.
  • the pipe shell to be provided with the ribs is first kept at a distance from the heating plate. During this period, the heating plate is heated up sufficiently. The heating plate is then brought to the pipe shell provided with the ribs at a fixed distance in such a way that the radiant heat from the heating plate can now melt the solder material.
  • the hot plate will liquefy again removed from the pipe shell and the fins so that the solder material can solidify and in this way the fins are connected to the pipe shell without an air gap.
  • the heating elements can in particular be heated inductively.
  • the heating elements are provided with a ceramic shield to the side and downwards.
  • This can in particular be a shield made of AIO2.
  • the ceramic shield is expediently carried by a steel base.
  • the side areas of the shield are also covered by steel plates.
  • the side areas of the shield are raised so high that no heat is dissipated laterally when the radiant heat is transferred from the heating elements to the heating plate.
  • the steel floor also has the task of supporting the heating plate in such a way that as little thermal energy as possible is lost when the radiant heat is transferred from the heating elements to the heating plate.
  • the heating plate lies on relatively thin spacer bars which are connected to the steel base.
  • the spacer rods move through both the ceramic shield and the heating elements in a relatively movable manner. They can be injection molded onto the end of the hotplate in order to achieve only selective contact with the hotplate.
  • support rods are provided according to the features of claim, which form part of a pneumatically or hydraulically displaceable lifting device.
  • the support rods penetrate the steel base, the ceramic shield, the heating elements and the heating plate in a relatively movable manner and are also preferably pointed at their free ends, so that there is only a point contact between the support rods and the pipe shell.
  • the support rods When preparing the soldering process, the support rods are displaced so far vertically relative to the heating plate that the pipe shell, the solder material and the ribs can be properly placed. During these preparatory measures, the heating of the heating plate can take place via the heating elements. To this end, it is conceivable that the steel base carrying the ceramic shield, the heating elements and the heating plate can also be moved vertically by means of pneumatically or hydraulically actuated cylinders. If the heating up wetting the heat plate completed, the steel bottom to top and / or the support to be 'bars moves downward, until the pipe shell with the ribs and the solder material comes to rest on the pins and then the radiant heat without hindrance from the heat plate to the Pipe shell and the solder material can pass over.
  • the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings. Show it:
  • FIG. 1 shows a vertical schematic cross section of an arrangement for connecting a folded ribbed belt to the tube shells of a heat exchanger tube;
  • FIG. 2 shows an enlarged illustration of an assembly situation of a fin strip with two tube shells, which prepares the soldering process according to FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows a vertical longitudinal section through the representation of FIG. 2 along the line III;
  • FIG. 4 shows a section on a reduced scale of a vertical cross section through a heat exchanger tube packet
  • Figure 5 is a vertical half schematic cross section through a further arrangement for connecting a folded ribbed belt to the tube shells of a heat exchanger tube.
  • FIG. 1 designates an arrangement for connecting a steel ribbed belt 2 folded in a rectangular shape to flat outer sides 3 of steel pipe shells 4, 5 as halved components of a heat exchanger pipe 6 having an elongated cross section (see also FIG. 4).
  • the arrangement 1 comprises a holder 8 which can be rotated through a horizontal axis 7 by 360 ° and can be locked in various operating positions.
  • the holder 8 is supported Support and drive rollers 9 from that in a fixed
  • Frame 10 are rotatably mounted.
  • Support and drive rollers 9 are not illustrated in more detail.
  • the holder 8 contains two joining devices 11, 12, each with two longitudinal chambers 13.
  • the joining devices 11, 12 can be divided in a longitudinal manner. They can be displaced transversely to the pipe shells 4, 5 by means of piston-cylinder devices 14 which can be acted upon pneumatically.
  • the longitudinal chambers 13 are arranged with the inner sides 15 of the tubular shells 4, 5 coming in flat contact electrically inductively heatable radiators 16, 17.
  • a plurality of 5 radiators 16, 17 are provided one behind the other.
  • the radiators 16, 17 are arranged to be movable transversely to the pipe shells 4, 5 by means of pneumatically actuated piston-cylinder devices 18 in the joining devices 11, 12.
  • a blower 20 is provided in the height range of the ribbed belt 2.
  • a suction device 19 is arranged on the opposite side of the holder 8. The fan 20 and / or the suction device 19 can be provided in a stationary manner or assigned to the holder 8.
  • the pipe shells 4, 5 and the ribbed belt 2 are first put together in the relative assignment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • each a solder foil 23 made of ZnAlSi and trace elements is first put together between the flat burr regions 21, 22 of the ribbed belt 2 and the outer sides 3 of the pipe shell len 4, 5 each a solder foil 23 made of ZnAlSi and trace elements.
  • This solder foil 23 can extend over the entire length of the tube shells 4, 5 and the ribbed strip 2 or only over a partial length. In this case, a plurality of solder foils 23 are arranged one behind the other.
  • the ribbed belt 2 has been coated with tin before being joined together.
  • the pipe shells 4, 5 are uncoated.
  • the radiators 17 shown above are pressed against the inside 15 of the pipe shell 5 with the aid of the piston-cylinder devices 18.
  • the lower heating elements 16 are moved by the piston-cylinder devices 18 to the inside 15 of the pipe shell 4 and then subjected to electrical current.
  • a temperature is generated which corresponds to the melting temperature of the solder foil 23.
  • the solder foil 23 melts and the solder is distributed into the gaps between the burr regions 21 of the fin strip 2 and the outside 3 of the tube shell 4.
  • the lower radiators 16 are switched off and lifted from the inside 15 of the pipe shell 4 by the piston-cylinder devices 18, as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the blower 20 and / or the suction device 19 can be activated so that the particles (FIG.
  • the heating elements 16 located in the channels 25 of the ribbed belt 2 between the ribs 26 are blown out of the soldering process as well as aggressive gases and vacuumed if necessary. In addition, the solder joints freeze.
  • the spacing of the heating elements 16 from the pipe shell 4 not only promotes the solidification of the solder material, but also the temperature of the heating elements 16 is largely maintained, so that they do not have to be heated again from the room temperature to the soldering temperature during the next heating process .
  • the end faces 30 can be covered with U-shaped caps 31 made of aluminum in accordance with FIG. be covered.
  • the caps 31 can be glued or clamped on.
  • caps 31 An alternative to the caps 31 is shown in the right half of FIG. 4, where the end faces 30 are coated with aluminum or zinc. This coating can be done by means of metal spraying 32.
  • a steel base 33 which can be displaced in the vertical is initially provided.
  • the displacement takes place by means of pneumatically actuated piston-cylinder devices, which are shown by the double arrow 34.
  • the steel base 33 carries a ceramic shield 35 made of AIO2 with an approximately U-shaped cross section.
  • the outer side surfaces 36 of the shield 35 as well as the surfaces 37 and the inner surfaces 38 in the upper region of the shield 35 are covered with steel plates 39, 40, 41.
  • the shield 35 accommodates several inductively heatable heating elements 42.
  • a heating plate 43 made of stainless steel or nickel is arranged above the heating elements 42 and is supported on a plurality of spacer rods 44, which pass through the heating elements 42 and the shield 35 and are anchored in the steel base 33.
  • the top 45 of the heat plate 43 runs approximately in the plane of the surface 37 of the shield 35.
  • the heating plate 43 is provided with a multiplicity of pins 46 which are tipped at their free ends. The peaks
  • longitudinal channels 48 are provided for receiving the longitudinal edges 27 of the tube shells 4, 5 to be soldered to the folded ribbed strips 2.
  • the heating plate 43, the heating elements 42, the shield 35 and the steel base 33 are penetrated by support rods 49 as components of a lifting device 50.
  • the lifting device 50 can also be displaced vertically by at least one pneumatically or hydraulically actuated piston-cylinder device, which is illustrated by a double arrow 51.
  • the heating plate 43 is moved relative to the support rods 49 (dash-dotted lines) so that the heating elements 42 are heated inductively during this time and can emit heat to the heating plate 43 by radiation .
  • the heating plate 43 is moved up to the pipe shell 4 with the solder material arranged thereon (corresponding to the illustration in FIG. 2) and the ribbed belt 2 until the pipe shell 4 with its inside 15 on the Tips 47 of the pins 46 come to rest and grasp the longitudinal edges 27 in the longitudinal channels 48.
  • the support rods 49 are then moved a little further downward so that they come out of contact with the tube shell 4.
  • the heat plate 43 now emits its heat to the tube shell 4 by radiation, so that the solder material on the outside of the tube shell 4 is liquefied. After the liquefaction, the heating plate 43 is displaced again, so that the solder material can solidify and thereby connect the ribbed belt 2 to the pipe shell 4 without an air gap. The pipe shell 4 provided with the ribbed band 2 is removed and the next soldering process is initiated.
  • FIG. 5 can be operated like the arrangement of FIGS. 1 to 3, so that further explanations may not be necessary.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

Deux demi-tubes (4, 5) métalliques en U sont réunis avec une bande à ailettes (2) métalliques pliée à angles droits. Des feuilles de brasage (23) sont insérées entre les zones d'arêtes (21, 22) de la bande à ailettes (2) et les faces extérieures (3) des demi-tubes (4, 5). Des dispositifs d'assemblage (11, 12) se présentant sous forme de compartiments compriment les demi-tubes (4, 5), les feuilles de brasage (23) et la bande à ailettes (2) les uns contre les autres. Des éléments chauffants (16, 17) auxquels un courant électrique peut être appliqué, sont logés dans les dispositifs d'assemblage (11, 12). Lesdits éléments chauffants sont mobiles par rapport aux dispositifs d'assemblage (11, 12). La bande à ailettes (2) et les faces extérieures (3) des demi-tubes (4, 5) sont assemblées par liquéfaction du matériau de brasage qui est ensuite solidifié et durci. Les demi-tubes (4, 5) peuvent être assemblés à la bande à ailettes (2) simultanément ou successivement. Dans le second cas, l'ensemble du système (1) doit subir une rotation de 180°. Après brasage, on peut appliquer de l'air de refroidissement sur les zones brasées. Après assemblage de deux demi-tubes (4, 5) pour former un tube d'échangeur de chaleur, les faces avant peuvent ensuite être zinguées ou recouvertes d'aluminium ou bien être pourvues d'un capot.
EP95906884A 1994-01-26 1995-01-24 Procede permettant de braser des ailettes sur des demi-tubes et systeme de mise en uvre dudit procede Withdrawn EP0690762A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4402221 1994-01-26
DE4402221 1994-01-26
DE4429151 1994-07-21
DE4429151 1994-07-21
DE4430416A DE4430416A1 (de) 1994-07-21 1994-08-26 Verfahren zum Verbinden von Rippen mit einer Rohrschale und Anordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE4430416 1994-08-26
PCT/DE1995/000102 WO1995020455A1 (fr) 1994-01-26 1995-01-24 Procede permettant de braser des ailettes sur des demi-tubes et systeme de mise en ×uvre dudit procede

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0690762A1 true EP0690762A1 (fr) 1996-01-10

Family

ID=27206021

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95906884A Withdrawn EP0690762A1 (fr) 1994-01-26 1995-01-24 Procede permettant de braser des ailettes sur des demi-tubes et systeme de mise en uvre dudit procede

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0690762A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH09501614A (fr)
AU (1) AU675030B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR9505830A (fr)
IL (1) IL112426A0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1995020455A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2034344A1 (fr) * 1969-03-18 1970-12-11 Chausson Usines Sa
US5102032A (en) * 1989-09-12 1992-04-07 Modine Manufacturing Company Finned assembly for heat exchangers
DE4039292A1 (de) * 1990-12-08 1992-06-11 Gea Luftkuehler Happel Gmbh Verfahren zum herstellen eines waermetauschers und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
DE4039293C3 (de) * 1990-12-08 1995-03-23 Gea Luftkuehler Happel Gmbh Wärmeaustauscher

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9520455A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH09501614A (ja) 1997-02-18
AU1531395A (en) 1995-08-15
WO1995020455A1 (fr) 1995-08-03
AU675030B2 (en) 1997-01-16
BR9505830A (pt) 1996-03-12
IL112426A0 (en) 1995-03-30

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