EP0686989A1 - Appareil bistable de commutation - Google Patents

Appareil bistable de commutation Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0686989A1
EP0686989A1 EP95890099A EP95890099A EP0686989A1 EP 0686989 A1 EP0686989 A1 EP 0686989A1 EP 95890099 A EP95890099 A EP 95890099A EP 95890099 A EP95890099 A EP 95890099A EP 0686989 A1 EP0686989 A1 EP 0686989A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
permanent magnet
yoke
armature
switching device
air gap
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95890099A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0686989B1 (fr
Inventor
Tibor Dipl.-Ing. Polgar
Rudolf Mikl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tyco Electronics Austria GmbH
Original Assignee
EH Schrack Components AG
Schrack Components AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by EH Schrack Components AG, Schrack Components AG filed Critical EH Schrack Components AG
Publication of EP0686989A1 publication Critical patent/EP0686989A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0686989B1 publication Critical patent/EP0686989B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/22—Polarised relays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/01—Relays in which the armature is maintained in one position by a permanent magnet and freed by energisation of a coil producing an opposing magnetic field
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/02—Non-polarised relays
    • H01H51/04—Non-polarised relays with single armature; with single set of ganged armatures
    • H01H51/12—Armature is movable between two limit positions of rest and is moved in both directions due to the energisation of one or the other of two electromagnets without the storage of energy to effect the return movement
    • H01H51/16—Armature is movable between two limit positions of rest and is moved in both directions due to the energisation of one or the other of two electromagnets without the storage of energy to effect the return movement with intermediate neutral position of rest
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/32—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a bistable switching device with a magnet system consisting of a yoke / core, an armature and at least one permanent magnet, and a control coil, in which the armature is held by means of an armature spring and in a switching position between the armature and a pole face of the yoke / core there is an air gap and the armature is mechanically coupled to a switching element.
  • a permanent magnet with a cross section adapted to the core or the yoke is usually arranged in the region of the core or the yoke.
  • the aim of the invention is to avoid these disadvantages and to propose a switching device of the type mentioned in the introduction, in which the permanent magnet in the dropped position of the armature exerts only slight forces on the armature and the energy for reversing between the two states of the switching device is very low.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a switching device in which the measures for achieving the lowest possible reversing energy can be concentrated in a very small space, so that miniaturization of this switching device can be carried out.
  • this is achieved in a bistable switching device of the type mentioned at the outset in that, in cross section, part of such a cross section is formed from the permanent magnet or magnets in one or more sections of the magnetic circuit formed from the yoke / core and the armature.
  • the permanent magnet is magnetically installed in series with the control coil that surrounds the core. This ensures that the force caused by the permanent magnet in the working air gap of the magnet system can be strengthened or weakened by the control coil, depending on its polarity. Since only a part of the cross-section is formed from the permanent magnet or magnets, there is a leakage flux over the remaining cross-section connected in parallel.
  • a further development of the invention can consist in that the other part of this cross section is formed by an air gap.
  • the proposed solution has the advantage of a very simple construction, which enables simple and cheap manufacture of the switching device according to the invention, since only a permanent magnet has to be introduced into a magnetic circuit cross section in such a way that an air gap remains in part of this cross section.
  • Another variant of the invention can consist in the fact that the air gap is formed annularly around the permanent magnet.
  • annular air gap is graduated in its gap thickness.
  • the part of the cross section can be changed in its magnetic resistance depending on the gradation of the gap thickness.
  • Another embodiment of the invention can consist in that the permanent magnet itself has a full cross section.
  • the further air gap is designed as a cavity in the interior of the permanent magnet.
  • the permanent magnet is one with the circumferential line of the cross section of the magnetic circuit, e.g. of the yoke, has a congruent circumferential line and a constriction of the magnetic circuit, e.g. of the yoke.
  • the permanent magnet is arranged between the pole face of the yoke and a pole plate, with wart-shaped projections of the pole plate extending to the side of the permanent magnet and extending at their highest points on the pole face of the yoke lie on.
  • the magnetic circuit is constricted, so that when the armature has fallen off, the area around the wart-shaped projections becomes magnetically saturated.
  • the permanent magnet is arranged between the pole face of the yoke and a pole plate, an annular elevation of the pole plate surrounding the permanent magnet forming an annular air gap, which annular elevation rests on its end face on the pole face of the yoke.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a switching device corresponding to the prior art, in which a permanent magnet 7 is inserted into the yoke in a magnet system formed from a yoke 6, an armature 4, a core 1 and a control coil 2.
  • a permanent magnet 7 is inserted into the yoke in a magnet system formed from a yoke 6, an armature 4, a core 1 and a control coil 2.
  • a permanent magnet used in this way can also be composed of a plurality of permanent magnets.
  • the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 7 can be amplified or weakened via the coil 2 arranged on the core 1 depending on the polarity of the applied voltage.
  • the armature spring 5 holds the armature 4 in the open position against the attractive force of the permanent magnet 7.
  • FIG. 2 shows a detail of a switching device according to the invention, wherein in a section of the magnetic circuit formed from the yoke 6, the armature 4 and the core 1 - seen in cross section - part of such a cross section is formed from the permanent magnet 7 and another Part 20 of the same cross section is fulfilled by a non-magnetic or non-magnetizable material, for example plastic, or medium, for example air.
  • a non-magnetic or non-magnetizable material for example plastic, or medium, for example air.
  • several sections of this type can also be provided and / or several permanent magnets can be arranged in this way.
  • the part 20 of the cross section is designed as an annular space surrounding the permanent magnet 7.
  • the permanent magnet 7 has a full cross section which is smaller than that of the yoke 6. The leakage flux F S occurring when the armature 4 has fallen off runs in this annular gap and thus in turn weakens the attraction force on the armature 4 in the dropped state.
  • FIG. 4 shows a variant of the arrangement of the permanent magnet 7 from FIG.
  • the permanent magnet 7 has a cross section that is smaller than that of the recess 16. This is particularly so to prevent a magnetic short circuit at the edge of the permanent magnet 7.
  • the height of the permanent magnet 7 is greater than the sum of the depths of the two depressions 16. The size of the steps formed in this way by the depressions 16 allows the leakage flux F S to be dimensioned.
  • a front face of a yoke part 6 'or 6' ' is flat, in which case the recess 16 in the other yoke part 6', 6 '' is made correspondingly deep.
  • the part 20 of the cross section is designed as a cavity 18 in the interior of the permanent magnet 7, the outer circumferential line of which corresponds to that of the cross section of the yoke parts 6 ′ or 6 ′′.
  • a stray flux F S is formed in the region of the cavity of the permanent magnet 7.
  • the continuous cavity can have any shape and does not necessarily have to be arranged centrally.
  • the yoke 6 part of the cross section is formed from a permanent magnet 7, another part 20 of the cross section from an air gap and the rest from the yoke material.
  • the permanent magnet 7 has a circumferential line which is essentially congruent with the circumferential line of the cross section of the magnetic circuit, here the yoke 6, and surrounds a constriction of this part of the magnetic circuit 6.
  • the yoke 6 is exposed the parts 6 'and 6' 'together, each of which has a central shoulder in the form of a truncated cone at its end and engages with it in the opening of the permanent magnet 7 and adjoins there with its top surfaces.
  • part 20 of the cross section remains as an air gap, which prevents a magnetic short circuit of the permanent magnet 7.
  • the approaches do not have to be frustoconical, any other form of cross-sectional narrowing is also within the scope of the invention.
  • the area of the extension 19 ′ or 19 ′′ goes into magnetic saturation, so that the field lines of the permanent magnet partially pass through it, but there is no magnetic short circuit.
  • FIG. 8 shows the area of the pole face of the yoke 6.
  • the embodiment shown is that a flat permanent magnet 7 is arranged on the pole face of the yoke 6 so that it only takes up part of the yoke cross-section.
  • a pole plate 21 is placed, which is provided with wart-like projections 22, which protrude into the remaining part of the cross section and have the same height as the permanent magnet 7, which rise on both sides of the permanent magnet 7 and at their highest points on the The pole face of the yoke 6 rest, with an air gap between the warts and the permanent magnet.
  • an annular elevation which rests with its end face on the pole face of the yoke, can be provided around the permanent magnet 7 on the pole plate 21, an annular air gap being provided between the permanent magnet and the annular elevation.
  • FIG. 9 shows an embodiment of the invention, the part 20 of the cross section of a section of the magnetic circuit that is filled with non-magnetic or non-magnetizable material or medium being formed by an air gap.
  • This bistable switching device has an L-shaped core 1, on which a control coil 2 is pushed.
  • An armature 4 lies on a pole face 3 of the core 1 and is held on the core 1 by means of an armature spring 5, which exerts a corresponding restoring force in order to hold the armature 4 in its fallen position shown.
  • a permanent magnet 7 is arranged, which connects the two parts 6 ′ and 6 ′′ of the yoke 6 to one another.
  • the permanent magnet 7 has a smaller cross section than the yoke, which results in 4 stray fluxes F S in this area in the areas of the yoke parts 6 ′, 6 ′′ adjacent to the permanent magnet 7 when the armature has fallen off. This results in a smaller force of attraction on the armature 4 which remains in the open position.
  • the pole face 8 of the yoke 6 interacts with the armature 4 and delimits a working air gap 9. Furthermore, the armature 4 has an attachment 10 which controls a comb 11 which is in contact with a movable contact 12 which is provided with two contact pills 13 Intervention stands. This contact 12 interacts with two fixed contacts 14, 15.
  • the main flux FHS generated by the control coil 2 amplifies or weakens the magnetic flux FHD of the permanent magnet 7, which is magnetized in the axial direction of the yoke 6, depending on the polarity of the control of the control coil 2.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
  • Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)
EP95890099A 1994-06-08 1995-05-29 Appareil bistable de commutation Expired - Lifetime EP0686989B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT1149/94 1994-06-08
AT0114994A AT414183B (de) 1994-06-08 1994-06-08 Bistabile schaltvorrichtung
AT114994 1994-06-08

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0686989A1 true EP0686989A1 (fr) 1995-12-13
EP0686989B1 EP0686989B1 (fr) 2001-10-31

Family

ID=3507674

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95890099A Expired - Lifetime EP0686989B1 (fr) 1994-06-08 1995-05-29 Appareil bistable de commutation

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5703554A (fr)
EP (1) EP0686989B1 (fr)
AT (1) AT414183B (fr)
DE (1) DE59509770D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2166810T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL308976A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19641407C1 (de) * 1996-10-08 1998-01-15 Eh Schrack Components Ag Bistabiles Elektromagnetsystem für ein Relais
DE102005051942B3 (de) * 2005-10-29 2007-03-29 Tyco Electronics Amp Gmbh Bistabile elektrische Schaltvorrichtung
CN103632889A (zh) * 2012-08-24 2014-03-12 欧姆龙株式会社 电磁铁装置
DE102012106330B4 (de) 2012-07-13 2019-05-29 Te Connectivity Germany Gmbh Spulenkern für elektromagnetischen Antrieb und selbiger sowie Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
DE102005030044B4 (de) 2005-06-27 2019-06-19 Te Connectivity Germany Gmbh Relais mit einem mit Klemmvorsprüngen versehenen Kern

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004018791A1 (de) * 2004-04-15 2005-11-03 Tyco Electronics Amp Gmbh Relaisantrieb, Relais und Bausatz für monostabiles und bistabiles Relais
DE102005030046B4 (de) * 2005-06-27 2020-03-12 Te Connectivity Germany Gmbh Elektromechanisches Öffnerrelais und ein Verfahren, mit dem Ströme geschaltet werden können
ATE433035T1 (de) * 2006-06-01 2009-06-15 Pilz Auslandsbeteiligungen Gmb Überwachbare zuhalteeinrichtung
FR2987493B1 (fr) * 2012-02-29 2014-03-21 Hager Electro Sas Actionneur electromagnetique a grande force de deverrouillage
FR2987491B1 (fr) * 2012-02-29 2022-02-25 Hager Electro Sas Actionneur electromagnetique a bobinage externe
US9113591B2 (en) 2012-06-18 2015-08-25 Raven Industries, Inc. Implement for adjustably metering an agricultural field input according to different frame sections
US11160204B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2021-11-02 Raven Industries, Inc. Localized product injection system for an agricultural sprayer
US10173236B2 (en) 2013-10-17 2019-01-08 Raven Industries, Inc. Nozzle control system and method
US9781916B2 (en) 2013-10-17 2017-10-10 Raven Industries, Inc. Nozzle control system and method
US11612160B2 (en) 2019-10-04 2023-03-28 Raven Industries, Inc. Valve control system and method

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2295390A (en) * 1940-07-11 1942-09-08 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electromagnetic device
FR1270092A (fr) * 1960-07-13 1961-08-25 Ass Ouvriers Instr Precision Perfectionnements aux relais
US3069602A (en) * 1959-05-28 1962-12-18 Glenn M Stout Magnetic device
US3160796A (en) * 1960-03-30 1964-12-08 Gen Signal Corp Magnetic stick type relay having saturable core member
FR1565322A (fr) * 1966-12-29 1969-05-02
GB1182692A (en) * 1966-05-27 1970-03-04 Fuchs Electrical Ind Proprieta Improvements in or relating to Electromagnetic Relays
FR2256523A1 (fr) * 1973-12-29 1975-07-25 Elmeg

Family Cites Families (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2749454A (en) * 1953-08-28 1956-06-05 Gen Railway Signal Co Electromagnetic flashing relay
FR1565323A (fr) * 1966-12-29 1969-05-02
US3470510A (en) * 1967-11-07 1969-09-30 American Mach & Foundry Magnetic latch relay
DE2503159C3 (de) * 1975-01-27 1981-05-07 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Polarisiertes elektromagnetisches Relais und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
JPS5487862A (en) * 1977-12-24 1979-07-12 Omron Tateisi Electronics Co Polar electromagnet
FR2573570B1 (fr) * 1984-11-22 1988-05-27 Merlin Gerin Relais electromagnetique polarise a accrochage magnetique pour un declencheur d'un disjoncteur electrique
US5268662A (en) * 1988-08-08 1993-12-07 Mitsubishi Mining & Cement Co., Ltd. Plunger type electromagnet

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2295390A (en) * 1940-07-11 1942-09-08 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electromagnetic device
US3069602A (en) * 1959-05-28 1962-12-18 Glenn M Stout Magnetic device
US3160796A (en) * 1960-03-30 1964-12-08 Gen Signal Corp Magnetic stick type relay having saturable core member
FR1270092A (fr) * 1960-07-13 1961-08-25 Ass Ouvriers Instr Precision Perfectionnements aux relais
GB1182692A (en) * 1966-05-27 1970-03-04 Fuchs Electrical Ind Proprieta Improvements in or relating to Electromagnetic Relays
FR1565322A (fr) * 1966-12-29 1969-05-02
FR2256523A1 (fr) * 1973-12-29 1975-07-25 Elmeg

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19641407C1 (de) * 1996-10-08 1998-01-15 Eh Schrack Components Ag Bistabiles Elektromagnetsystem für ein Relais
EP0836212A2 (fr) * 1996-10-08 1998-04-15 EH-SCHRACK COMPONENTS Aktiengesellschaft Système électromagnétique bistable pour relais
US5864271A (en) * 1996-10-08 1999-01-26 Eh-Schrack Components-Ag Bistable electromagnet system for a relay
EP0836212A3 (fr) * 1996-10-08 2000-11-08 Tyco Electronics GmbH Système électromagnétique bistable pour relais
DE102005030044B4 (de) 2005-06-27 2019-06-19 Te Connectivity Germany Gmbh Relais mit einem mit Klemmvorsprüngen versehenen Kern
DE102005051942B3 (de) * 2005-10-29 2007-03-29 Tyco Electronics Amp Gmbh Bistabile elektrische Schaltvorrichtung
DE102012106330B4 (de) 2012-07-13 2019-05-29 Te Connectivity Germany Gmbh Spulenkern für elektromagnetischen Antrieb und selbiger sowie Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
CN103632889A (zh) * 2012-08-24 2014-03-12 欧姆龙株式会社 电磁铁装置
EP2701164A3 (fr) * 2012-08-24 2014-09-10 Omron Corporation Dispositif électromagnétique
US9153403B2 (en) 2012-08-24 2015-10-06 Omron Corporation Electromagnet device
CN103632889B (zh) * 2012-08-24 2016-10-12 欧姆龙株式会社 电磁铁装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2166810T3 (es) 2002-05-01
DE59509770D1 (de) 2001-12-06
US5703554A (en) 1997-12-30
AT414183B (de) 2006-10-15
PL308976A1 (en) 1995-12-11
EP0686989B1 (fr) 2001-10-31
ATA114994A (de) 2005-12-15

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