EP0685281B1 - Process and apparatus for continuous casting near net shape products - Google Patents
Process and apparatus for continuous casting near net shape products Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0685281B1 EP0685281B1 EP95250103A EP95250103A EP0685281B1 EP 0685281 B1 EP0685281 B1 EP 0685281B1 EP 95250103 A EP95250103 A EP 95250103A EP 95250103 A EP95250103 A EP 95250103A EP 0685281 B1 EP0685281 B1 EP 0685281B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- strand
- plant
- machine
- casting
- vertical
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/14—Plants for continuous casting
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a plant for the continuous casting of Casting formats close to the final dimensions for further cold forming Non-ferrous metals, especially from strips, bars or tubes Copper or copper alloys.
- EP 0203867 B1 describes a device for the continuous casting of Metal products known in which the liquid metal from a Pouring ladle into a continuously loaded form and from there one Extractor and secondary cooling device is supplied. After Through solidification, the finished belt is deflected and on one Coiler device wrapped.
- the device known from this document has neither means for Surface treatment of the belt still for cross division.
- the invention aims to provide a method and an installation for to create continuous casting of any profiles with the constructively simple means endless casting strands made of copper or Copper alloys with a minimum of metallic losses in the Desired delivery quality and formats for later cold forming to be brought.
- the strip is continuously cast in a vertical position, the tape being pulled off centrically after it solidifies and directly into a surface treatment machine is threaded. Because of the exact Leading the strand emerging vertically from the mold is the It is not necessary to use a threading machine. With a system with oscillating mold and continuous strand movement are above it Furthermore, no special facilities for adapting the Surface treatment machine required for the strand movement.
- a special product free of segregation is used when a high-frequency moving vertical mold and more linear Strand withdrawal speed produced.
- the strip which is free of defects after the removal of surface material can then be treated as desired, for example bent and wound up immediately thereafter.
- This process is of particular importance in the continuous casting of alloys which tend to segregate, in particular tin-bronze or phosphorus-deoxidized copper.
- tin bronzes on the strand surface can have brittle phases due to tin accumulations, which lead to the formation of surface cracks. If, for example, such a strip is bent without pretreatment, these cracks are reinforced in the following way: The surface cracks on the outside of the curved band deepen, the cracks on the inside are first compressed, and become particularly wide when bent back later due to the previous upsetting.
- the surface removal still takes place vertically Area of the tape removed the brittle phase, so that subsequently Band can be deformed as desired.
- Band quality is u. a. by reducing the mechanical Processing increases yield and by avoiding Surface defects significantly expanded the production program.
- the system according to the invention requires only one with the foundation connected base frame on which the pulling device, the Surface processing device, the separator and, if necessary, the Belt deflection are arranged.
- the usually higher ones The investment costs of a vertical system are clear decreased.
- An arrangement of a quiver offers a particular advantage in the strand take-off direction immediately below the separating device, because with it the production of particularly bend-sensitive material becomes possible.
- FIG. 1 shows one arranged on a casting platform 53 Casting device, consisting of a distributor 11, a hot-top 12, a mold 13, including an oscillation drive 14 Secondary cooling is connected, which is above one Cooling water distributor 15 is arranged on the guide rollers 16th are provided.
- the casting device becomes a strand S by means of a pull-out device 22 deducted in the vertical direction.
- a pull-out device 22 deducted in the vertical direction.
- a milling machine 23 close in the direction of the tape Surface treatment machine, here a milling machine 23, and one Separating device, here a pair of scissors 24, which together on a the base frame 21 connected to the hut foundation 51 are arranged.
- the devices for extending 22, for surface treatment 23 and Disconnect 24 are accessible from a work platform 52, which one Has opening 54 through which the connection of the devices 22 to 23 with the base frame 21 permits.
- the base frame 21 receives a bending device 25 and a conveyor device 41.
- the strand S is deflected in its conveying direction by the bending device 25 and fed to a strip reel or strip rolling machine 31 arranged on a base frame part 26.
- the strand S itself can - as above described - deflected by closing the bending device 25 and a reel or reel-in 31 are fed.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
- Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
- Metal Rolling (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Anlage zum Stranggießen von endabmessungsnahen Gießformaten zur weiteren Kaltumformung aus Nichteisenmetallen, insbesondere von Bändern, Stangen oder Rohren aus Kupfer oder Kupferlegierungen.The invention relates to a method and a plant for the continuous casting of Casting formats close to the final dimensions for further cold forming Non-ferrous metals, especially from strips, bars or tubes Copper or copper alloys.
In vertikalen oder in horizontalen Stranggießanlagen werden verschiedene Gießformate wie Bänder, Stangen oder Rohre endlos vergossen. Das Flüssigmetall wird dabei einer gekühlten Kokille zugeführt, die dem Metall die Wärme entzieht und eine feste Strangschale entstehen läßt.In vertical or horizontal continuous casting plants various casting formats such as tapes, bars or tubes are endless shed. The liquid metal becomes a chilled mold fed, which removes the heat from the metal and a solid strand shell creates.
So ist aus der EP 0203867 B1 eine Vorrichtung zum Stranggießen von Metallerzeugnissen bekannt, bei der das Flüssigmetall aus einer Gießpfanne in eine kontinuierlich beschickte Form und von dort einer Abzugs- und sekundären Kühlvorrichtung zugeführt wird. Nach der Durcherstarrung wird das fertige Band umgelenkt und auf einer Haspeleinrichtung gewickelt. EP 0203867 B1 describes a device for the continuous casting of Metal products known in which the liquid metal from a Pouring ladle into a continuously loaded form and from there one Extractor and secondary cooling device is supplied. After Through solidification, the finished belt is deflected and on one Coiler device wrapped.
Die aus dieser Schrift bekannte Einrichtung weist weder Mittel zur Oberflächenbehandlung des Bandes noch zur Querteilung auf.The device known from this document has neither means for Surface treatment of the belt still for cross division.
Bei horizontalen Stranggießanlagen für Nichteisenmetalle ist es bekannt, zur spanabhebenden Bearbeitung beispielsweise Fräsmaschinen einzusetzen und für die Querteilung der Bänder fliegende Scheren zu verwenden.In horizontal continuous casting plants for non-ferrous metals, it is known use milling machines for machining, for example and to use flying scissors for the transverse division of the belts.
Die Erfindung verfolgt das Ziel, ein Verfahren und eine Anlage zum kontinuierlichen Gießen von beliebigen Profilen zu schaffen, bei der mit konstruktiv einfachen Mitteln endlose Gießstränge aus Kupfer bzw. Kupferlegierungen bei einem Minimum von metallischen Verlusten in die gewünschte Abgabequalität sowie -formate zur späteren Kaltumformung gebracht werden.The invention aims to provide a method and an installation for to create continuous casting of any profiles with the constructively simple means endless casting strands made of copper or Copper alloys with a minimum of metallic losses in the Desired delivery quality and formats for later cold forming to be brought.
Die Erfindung erreicht dieses Ziel durch die Merkmale des Verfahrensanspruches 1 und des Vorrichtungsanspruches 7.The invention achieves this goal by the features of Process claim 1 and device claim 7.
Erfindungsgemäß wird das Band in einer vertikalen Lage stranggegossen, wobei das Band nach seiner Erstarrung zentrisch abgezogen und direkt in eine Oberflächenbehandlungsmaschine eingefädelt wird. Durch das exakte Führen des vertikal aus der Kokille austretenden Stranges ist der Einsatz einer Einfädelmaschine nicht erforderlich. Bei einer Anlage mit oszillierender Kokille und kontinuierlicher Strangbewegung sind darüber hinaus keine besonderen Einrichtungen für die Anpassung der Oberflächenbehandlungsmaschine an die Strangbewegung erforderlich.According to the invention, the strip is continuously cast in a vertical position, the tape being pulled off centrically after it solidifies and directly into a surface treatment machine is threaded. Because of the exact Leading the strand emerging vertically from the mold is the It is not necessary to use a threading machine. With a system with oscillating mold and continuous strand movement are above it Furthermore, no special facilities for adapting the Surface treatment machine required for the strand movement.
Da durch das Vertikalgießen mit oszillierender Kokille nicht nur die bei stehender Kokille auftretenden Ziehmarken wegfallen, sondern auch die Seigerungen die in geringem Maße die Bandoberfläche beeinflussen, ist nur eine geringe Menge an Oberflächenmaterial abzutragen. Because by vertical casting with an oscillating mold, not only the drawing marks occurring in the stationary mold, but also the Segregations that have a slight influence on the belt surface, only a small amount of surface material has to be removed.
Ein besonderes seigerungsfreies Produkt wird beim Einsatz einer hochfrequent bewegten Vertikalkokille und linearer Strangabzugsgeschwindigkeit hergestellt.A special product free of segregation is used when a high-frequency moving vertical mold and more linear Strand withdrawal speed produced.
Das nach dem Abtragen von Oberflächenmaterial fehlerfreie Band kann
anschließend beliebig behandelt werden, beispielsweise gebogen und
unmittelbar danach aufgewickelt werden. Dieses Verfahren ist von
besonderer Bedeutung beim Stranggießen von zu Seigerungen neigenden
Legierungen, insbesondere von Zinn - Bronzen oder phosphordesoxidiertem
Kupfer. So können beispielsweise Zinn - Bronzen auf der Strangoberfläche
durch Zinnanreichungen spröde Phasen aufweisen, welche zur Bildung von
Oberflächenrissen fuhren. Wird beispielsweise ein solches Band ohne
Vorbehandlung gebogen, so verstärken sich diese Risse in folgender
Weise:
Die Oberflächenrisse auf der Außenseite des gebogenen Bandes vertiefen
sich, die Risse auf der Innenseite werden zunächst zusammengedrückt, und
werden beim späteren Zurückbiegen durch das vorhergehende Stauchen
besonders breit.The strip which is free of defects after the removal of surface material can then be treated as desired, for example bent and wound up immediately thereafter. This process is of particular importance in the continuous casting of alloys which tend to segregate, in particular tin-bronze or phosphorus-deoxidized copper. For example, tin bronzes on the strand surface can have brittle phases due to tin accumulations, which lead to the formation of surface cracks. If, for example, such a strip is bent without pretreatment, these cracks are reinforced in the following way:
The surface cracks on the outside of the curved band deepen, the cracks on the inside are first compressed, and become particularly wide when bent back later due to the previous upsetting.
Erfindungsgemäß wird durch die Oberflächenabtragung noch im vertikalen Bereich des Bandes die Sprödphase abgetragen, so daß anschließend das Band beliebig verformt werden kann. Neben der Verbesserung der Bandqualität wird u. a. durch die Verminderung der mechanischen Bearbeitung die Ausbringung erhöht und durch die Vermeidung von Oberflächenfehlern das Produktionsprogramm deutlich erweitert.According to the invention, the surface removal still takes place vertically Area of the tape removed the brittle phase, so that subsequently Band can be deformed as desired. In addition to improving Band quality is u. a. by reducing the mechanical Processing increases yield and by avoiding Surface defects significantly expanded the production program.
Die erfindungsgemäße Anlage erfordert nur einen mit dem Fundament verbundenen Grundrahmen, auf dem die Zieheinrichtung, die Oberflächenbearbeitungseinrichtung, die Trenneinrichtung und ggfs. die Bandumlenkung angeordnet sind. Die üblicherweise höheren Investitionskosten einer Vertikalanlage werden damit deutlich verringert. The system according to the invention requires only one with the foundation connected base frame on which the pulling device, the Surface processing device, the separator and, if necessary, the Belt deflection are arranged. The usually higher ones The investment costs of a vertical system are clear decreased.
Wird die Oberflächenbearbeitungsmaschine nach der Bandumlenkung in der Horizontalen installiert, so wird eine äußerst aufwendige Bandrückbiege-und Richtmaschine zum exakten Einfädeln des Bandes in die Oberflächenbearbeitungseinrichtung erforderlich.Is the surface processing machine after the belt deflection in the Installed horizontally, this is an extremely complex strip bending and Straightening machine for exact threading of the tape into the Surface processing equipment required.
Ein besonderer Vorteil bietet sich an bei einer Anordnung eines Köchers in Strangabzugsrichtung unmittelbar unter der Trenneinrichtung, da damit die Produktion von besonders biegeempfindlichen Material möglich wird.An arrangement of a quiver offers a particular advantage in the strand take-off direction immediately below the separating device, because with it the production of particularly bend-sensitive material becomes possible.
Ein Beispiel der Erfindung ist in der beigefügten Zeichnung dargelegt.An example of the invention is set out in the accompanying drawing.
Dabei zeigt die einzige Figur 1 eine auf einer Gießbühne 53 angeordneten
Gießeinrichtung, bestehend aus einem Verteiler 11, einem Hot-top 12,
einer Kokille 13, die mit einem Oszillationsantrieb 14 einschließlich
Sekundärkühlung in Verbindung steht, welcher über einem
Kühlwasserverteiler 15 angeordnet ist, an dem Führungsrollen 16
vorgesehen sind.The only FIG. 1 shows one arranged on a
Aus der Gießeinrichtung wird ein Strang S durch eine Ausziehvorrichtung
22 in vertikaler Richtung abgezogen. An die Ausziehvorrichtung 22
schließen sich in Bandführungsrichtung eine
Oberflächenbehandlungsmaschine, hier eine Fräsmaschine 23, sowie eine
Trenneinrichtung, hier eine Schere 24, an, die gemeinsam auf einem mit
dem Hüttenfundament 51 verbundenen Grundrahmen 21 angeordnet sind.The casting device becomes a strand S by means of a pull-out device
22 deducted in the vertical direction. To the pull-out device 22
close in the direction of the tape
Surface treatment machine, here a milling machine 23, and one
Separating device, here a pair of
Die Einrichtungen zum Ausziehen 22, zur Oberflächenbehandlung 23 und zum
Trennen 24 sind von einer Arbeitsbühne 52 erreichbar, welche eine
Öffnung 54 aufweist, durch die die Verbindung der Einrichtungen 22 bis
23 mit dem Grundrahmen 21 zuläßt. The devices for extending 22, for surface treatment 23 and
Disconnect 24 are accessible from a
Der Grundrahmen 21 nimmt eine Biegeeinrichtung 25 und eine
Fördereinrichtung 41 auf.
Durch die Biegeeinrichtung 25 wird der Strang S in seiner
Förderrichtung umgelenkt und einer auf einen Grundrahmenteil 26
angeordneten Bandhaspel bzw. Bandeinrollmaschine 31 zugeführt.The
The strand S is deflected in its conveying direction by the
Bei Öffnung oder Wegfall der Biegeeinrichtung 25 wird der Strang S oder
der Kaltstrang A von der Fördereinrichtung 41 einem im Hüttenfundament
51 vorgesehenen Köcher 42 zugeführt. Der Strang S selber kann - wie oben
beschrieben - durch Schließen der Biegeeinrichtung 25 umgelenkt und
eine Bandhaspel oder -einrollmaschine 31 zugeführt werden. When the
- 1111
- GießeinrichtungPouring device
- 1212th
- VerteilerDistributor
- 1313
- Hot-topHot top
- 1414
- KokilleMold
- 1515
- Oszillationsantrieb und SekundärkühlungOscillation drive and secondary cooling
- 1616
- KühlwasserverteilerCooling water distributor
- 1717th
-
Führungsrollen
MaschinenLeadership roles
machinery - 2121
- GrundrahmenBase frame
- 2222
- AuszieheinrichtungPull-out device
- 2323
- OberflächenbehandlungseinrichtungSurface treatment facility
- 2424th
- TrenneinrichtungSeparator
- 2525th
- Förder- und BiegeeinrichtungConveying and bending device
- 2626
-
Grundrahmenteil
WickelnBase frame part
Wrap - 3131
-
Bandhaspel bzw. Bandeinrollmaschine
vertikale EinrichtungBand reel or band reeling machine
vertical setup - 4141
- FördereinrichtungConveyor
- 4242
-
Köcher
Bühnenquiver
Stages - 5151
- HüttenfundamentHut foundation
- 5252
- ArbeitsbühneWorking platform
- 5353
- GießbühneCasting platform
- 5454
- Öffnungopening
- SS
- Strangstrand
- AA
- KaltstrangCold strand
Claims (12)
- Method of continuous casting of non-iron cast formats which are close to their final dimensions and which are provided for cold forming, in particular strips, rods or tubes of copper or copper alloys, in which the melt is continuously cast in a vertical mould and the set strand is threaded, centrally guided and drawn off vertically, direct into a surface treatment machine, in which the surface of the strand is removed and in which, subsequently, the surface-finished strand is separated transversely in a pre-set manner before the strand pieces of the correct dimensions are removed from the plant.
- Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the vertical mould oscillates in particular at a high frequency and the strand is conveyed downward at a linear rate.
- Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the surface-finished strand, before separation and removal from the plant, is curved and rolled up.
- Method according to claim 3, characterised in that the strand, upon reaching a pre-set composite weight is separated transversely.
- Method according to one of the above-mentioned claims, characterised in that the depth of surface removed is smaller than 5% of the strand thickness.
- Method according to claim 5, characterised in that the surface of the strand is removed mechanically, e.g. by a milling or descaling machine.
- Plant for the vertical casting of non-iron cast formats which are close to their final dimensions and which are provided for cold forming, comprising a divider, which communicates with a casting hopper, which is connected to a vertically arranged mould, for carrying out the method according to claim 1, characterised in that a base frame (21) connected to a pedestal (51) is provided, on which a drawing device (22), a surface machining device (23), a transverse-separating device (24), and a conveyor belt (25 and 41 respectively) are provided in series vertically centrally under the vertical mould.
- Plant according to claim 7, characterised in that the surface machining device (23) is a cutting machine, e.g. a milling or descaling machine.
- Plant according to claim 7, characterised in that the transverse-separating device (24) is a mechanical cutting tool, e.g. shears.
- Plant according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterised in that behind the transverse-separating device (24) and the conveyor (41) in the strip removal direction a tubular device (42) is provided.
- Plant according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterised in that the conveyor (25) provided behind the transverse-separating device (24) in the strip removal direction is simultaneously formed as a curving device, to which is connected a strip winding or rolling device (31).
- Plant according to claim 10 or 11, characterised in that the conveying and curving device (25) and the conveyor (41) are so formed that a cold strand (A) can be inserted.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4419387A DE4419387C1 (en) | 1994-05-30 | 1994-05-30 | Mfr. of continuously cast, closely dimensioned profiles |
| DE4419387 | 1994-05-30 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0685281A2 EP0685281A2 (en) | 1995-12-06 |
| EP0685281A3 EP0685281A3 (en) | 1997-09-10 |
| EP0685281B1 true EP0685281B1 (en) | 1999-08-18 |
Family
ID=6519682
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP95250103A Expired - Lifetime EP0685281B1 (en) | 1994-05-30 | 1995-05-03 | Process and apparatus for continuous casting near net shape products |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5632325A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0685281B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3638670B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100417393B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1086967C (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE183421T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2150441C (en) |
| DE (2) | DE4419387C1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI109412B (en) |
| TW (1) | TW272153B (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT405033B (en) * | 1997-05-14 | 1999-04-26 | Voest Alpine Stahl | METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CONTINUOUS CASTING PIECES AND SYSTEM FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD |
| US6158498A (en) | 1997-10-21 | 2000-12-12 | Wagstaff, Inc. | Casting of molten metal in an open ended mold cavity |
| KR100326591B1 (en) * | 1999-12-02 | 2002-03-12 | 김현진 | A contact bar for refining metal and method for preparation thereof |
| DE10049445A1 (en) * | 2000-10-06 | 2002-04-18 | Sms Demag Ag | Device for the continuous casting of metals, in particular steel, for the solidified bending process |
| US7028750B2 (en) * | 2003-12-11 | 2006-04-18 | Novelis, Inc. | Apparatus and method for horizontal casting and cutting of metal billets |
| FR2894857B1 (en) * | 2005-12-16 | 2009-05-15 | Alcan Rhenalu Sa | PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING SEMI-PRODUCTS COMPRISING TWO ALUMINUM ALLOYS |
| CN101966569B (en) * | 2010-10-19 | 2013-10-09 | 中国重型机械研究院有限公司 | Long-distance transverse transfer device for casting blank |
| EP2789706B1 (en) * | 2013-04-11 | 2015-07-15 | Aleris Rolled Products Germany GmbH | Method of casting lithium containing aluminium alloys |
| DE102017220434A1 (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2018-05-24 | Sms Group Gmbh | Method and device for producing a continuous band-shaped composite material |
| JP6924655B2 (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2021-08-25 | 昭和電工株式会社 | Aluminum casting manufacturing method and manufacturing equipment |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3157920A (en) * | 1962-04-03 | 1964-11-24 | Concast Ag | Continuous casting plant with deflection of the casting |
| FR1450829A (en) * | 1965-07-16 | 1966-06-24 | Etude Rationnelle Des Probleme | Direct and continuous manufacturing process for metallurgical products |
| CH497937A (en) * | 1970-03-24 | 1970-10-31 | Prolizenz Ag C O Schweiz Kredi | Method and device for the continuous processing of the surfaces of cast metal strips |
| US4598761A (en) * | 1983-12-29 | 1986-07-08 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho | Vertical type continuous casting apparatus having a torch cutter |
| FR2582552B1 (en) * | 1985-05-28 | 1987-08-28 | Clecim Sa | CONTINUOUS METAL CASTING MACHINE IN THE FORM OF STRIPS |
| US5211217A (en) * | 1989-08-16 | 1993-05-18 | Diado Tokushuko Kabushiki Kaisha | Vertical continuous casting method and casting apparatus |
-
1994
- 1994-05-30 DE DE4419387A patent/DE4419387C1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-05-03 AT AT95250103T patent/ATE183421T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-05-03 EP EP95250103A patent/EP0685281B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-05-03 DE DE59506628T patent/DE59506628D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-05-15 TW TW084104787A patent/TW272153B/zh active
- 1995-05-22 JP JP14512595A patent/JP3638670B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-05-29 CA CA002150441A patent/CA2150441C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-05-29 CN CN95105583A patent/CN1086967C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-05-29 FI FI952611A patent/FI109412B/en active
- 1995-05-30 KR KR1019950013859A patent/KR100417393B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-05-30 US US08/453,101 patent/US5632325A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE4419387C1 (en) | 1995-08-31 |
| FI952611A0 (en) | 1995-05-29 |
| DE59506628D1 (en) | 1999-09-23 |
| US5632325A (en) | 1997-05-27 |
| FI109412B (en) | 2002-07-31 |
| CN1086967C (en) | 2002-07-03 |
| CA2150441A1 (en) | 1995-12-01 |
| FI952611A (en) | 1995-12-01 |
| ATE183421T1 (en) | 1999-09-15 |
| EP0685281A3 (en) | 1997-09-10 |
| JPH07314108A (en) | 1995-12-05 |
| CA2150441C (en) | 2007-01-02 |
| EP0685281A2 (en) | 1995-12-06 |
| TW272153B (en) | 1996-03-11 |
| JP3638670B2 (en) | 2005-04-13 |
| CN1117415A (en) | 1996-02-28 |
| KR950031320A (en) | 1995-12-18 |
| KR100417393B1 (en) | 2004-03-26 |
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