EP0684376B1 - Elektronisches System zur Hubidentifizierung eines Innenverbrennungsmotors - Google Patents

Elektronisches System zur Hubidentifizierung eines Innenverbrennungsmotors Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0684376B1
EP0684376B1 EP95107844A EP95107844A EP0684376B1 EP 0684376 B1 EP0684376 B1 EP 0684376B1 EP 95107844 A EP95107844 A EP 95107844A EP 95107844 A EP95107844 A EP 95107844A EP 0684376 B1 EP0684376 B1 EP 0684376B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder
engine
crankshaft
torque
time
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95107844A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0684376A1 (de
Inventor
Roberto Flora
Gabriele Serra
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Marelli Europe SpA
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Magneti Marelli SpA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/009—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents using means for generating position or synchronisation signals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
    • F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
    • F02B2075/027—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle four

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electronic system for identifying the strokes of an internal combustion engine.
  • a microprocessor-based electronic controller receives at its input a plurality of data signals (for example, the number of engine revolutions, the throttle position, the intake air temperature, the cooling water temperature, etc.), and generates at its output the injection stroke and time for the different injectors.
  • a plurality of data signals for example, the number of engine revolutions, the throttle position, the intake air temperature, the cooling water temperature, etc.
  • Multipoint one injector per cylinder
  • stroke-dependent the fuel is injected in the suction stroke
  • angular reference systems permitting the recognition of the engine strokes (suction, compression, expansion, exhaust) present in the different cylinders of the engine.
  • the known angular reference systems use two angular position sensors: a first sensor which can supply a signal of the angular position of the crankshaft (with an interval of 360°) and a second sensor (with an interval of 720°) which can supply a signal of the angular position of the camshaft.
  • the first angular position sensor conveniently consists of a toothed pulley keyed to the crankshaft and a fixed sensor which can supply a pulse at the moment at which one tooth of the pulley passes in front of the fixed sensor.
  • the toothed pulley also has a flattened portion, formed for example by the omission of two teeth, which is used as a zero reference for identifying the upper dead centres of the different cylinders of the engine.
  • the upper dead centre of each cylinder of the engine is found, with an indeterminacy of 360°, in a specified angular position with respect to the zero reference.
  • the upper dead centres of the different cylinders are then identified by counting specified numbers of pulses following the detection of the zero reference.
  • the second sensor consists of a toothed pulley keyed to the camshaft and a fixed sensor which can supply at its output a first signal level corresponding to a first zero reference detected by the first sensor and a second signal level corresponding to a subsequent detection of the zero reference.
  • the second sensor is used to eliminate the 360° indeterminacy of the first sensor.
  • the known systems also have electronic controllers which receive the signals generated by the first and second sensors and process them to obtain the data on the engine strokes (suction, compression, expansion, exhaust) of the different cylinders.
  • the known angular reference systems entail a considerable complexity of construction and high costs.
  • the processing of the signals generated by the two sensors is also complex.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an electronic system for identifying the strokes of an internal combustion engine which resolves the problems of the known systems.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an electronic system for identifying the strokes of an engine which uses only one angular position sensor.
  • the above object is achieved by the present invention in that it relates to an electronic system for identifying the strokes of a four-stroke internal combustion engine; the said engine having an output crankshaft coupled to a sensor of the angular position of said crankshaft; the said sensor generating a signal having an interval of 360° of the crankshaft; the said signal having at least one zero reference corresponding to a zero angular reference of the said crankshaft;
  • Figure 1 shows a four-stroke internal combustion engine 2 operating in an Otto cycle, provided with an injection device 4 controlled by an electronic controller 7 operating according. to the electronic system of stroke identification according to the present invention.
  • the electronic controller 7 receives a plurality of signals S1, S2, ... Sn of input data collected in the engine 2 (for example, signals proportional to the engine coolant temperature, to the intake air temperature, to the throttle position, etc.) and generates at the output a plurality of injection times Tj supplied to the injection device 4.
  • a plurality of signals S1, S2, ... Sn of input data collected in the engine 2 for example, signals proportional to the engine coolant temperature, to the intake air temperature, to the throttle position, etc.
  • the injection device 4 is provided with four injectors 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d operating with corresponding first, second, third and fourth cylinders 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d (shown schematically) of the engine 2 ("Multipoint" system) and can inject the fuel into one cylinder at a time (sequential system) and in the suction stroke (timed system).
  • injectors 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d operating with corresponding first, second, third and fourth cylinders 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d (shown schematically) of the engine 2 ("Multipoint" system) and can inject the fuel into one cylinder at a time (sequential system) and in the suction stroke (timed system).
  • the electronic controller 7 is provided with an engine stroke reference unit 11 permitting recognition of the engine stroke (suction, compression, expansion, exhaust) in each cylinder 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d of the engine 2.
  • the reference unit 11 receives at its input a signal from a sensor 15 coupled to a toothed pulley 17 mounted on one end of the crankshaft 20 of the engine 2.
  • the sensor 15 can generate an electrical pulse when one tooth of the pulley 17 passes in front of the sensor 15.
  • the toothed pulley 17 is keyed to one end 20a of the shaft 20 close to the cylinder 9a.
  • the cylinder 9d is also close to one end 20b of the shaft 20 opposite the end 20a.
  • the toothed pulley 17 is provided with sixty teeth, with the omission of two, and therefore has a flattened portion formed by the absence of these two teeth, which is used as the zero reference.
  • the zero reference is used to identify the upper dead centres of the different cylinders of the engine.
  • the upper dead centre of each cylinder 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d is found, with an angular indeterminacy of 360°, in a specified angular position ⁇ a, ⁇ b, ⁇ c, ⁇ d with respect to the zero reference.
  • the signal R generated by the sensor 15 consists of a sequence of pulses Di equally spaced by an interval t.
  • the signal R also has a flat portion Dz of width T (equal to approximately three times t) in which pulses cannot be detected; this flat portion Dz is produced during the passage of the flattened portion in front of the sensor 15.
  • the upper dead centre of each cylinder is identified with the said indeterminacy of 360° by counting a specified number of pulses Na, Nb, Nc, Nd after the detection of the zero reference.
  • the reference unit 11 also interacts with a device 25, for example the device described in French Patent FR-9111273 with the title "Process and device for measuring the torque of an internal combustion engine", capable of measuring the instantaneous torque developed individually by the different cylinders of the engine 2.
  • the unit 11 generates at its output a signal which describes the engine strokes (suction, compression, expansion, exhaust) of each cylinder 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d of the engine 2.
  • the first block encountered is the block 100 in which the system detects the signal R generated by the sensor 15.
  • the system is prepared to await the flat portion Dz of the signal R in order to identify the zero reference of the pulley 17.
  • Detection of the zero reference results in a passage from the block 100 to a block 110.
  • the block 110 arbitrarily assigns the strokes of the engine 2, assigning, for example, the upper dead centre of the first cylinder 9a to the first specified angular position following the zero reference; the assignation of the positions of the upper dead centres of the other cylinders is carried out in a way compatible with the first assignation.
  • the angular position ⁇ a of the upper dead centre of the first cylinder 9a is assigned after the detection of a specified number (for example, twenty) of pulses Na following the zero reference.
  • the angular position found on the twentieth pulse following the zero reference may also correspond to the upper dead centre of the fourth cylinder 9d.
  • the block 110 is followed by a block 130 which detects an error in the assignation of the strokes (mistiming by 360°) and consequently retimes the injection.
  • the block 130 comprises a block 131 in which the instantaneous torque supplied by one cylinder of the engine, for example the cylinder recognized by the block 110 as the first cylinder 9a, is monitored by the device 25.
  • This cylinder 9a is physically close to the pulley 17.
  • the letter A indicates a curve which represents the variation with time of the torque supplied by the cylinder recognized as the first cylinder 9a; the variation of this torque has an approximately sinusoidal form.
  • the block 131 is followed by a block 132 in which is stored the signal expressing the variation with time of the torque supplied by the cylinder recognized as the first cylinder 9a.
  • the block 132 is followed by a block 133 in which the instantaneous torque supplied by another cylinder of the engine, in particular the cylinder at the greatest distance along the shaft 20 from the first cylinder 9a, is monitored.
  • the block 133 may conveniently measure the instantaneous torque supplied by the cylinder recognized by the block 110 as the fourth cylinder 9d; the first cylinder 9a and the fourth cylinder 9d are coupled to opposite portions of the shaft 20.
  • the torque supplied by the fourth cylinder 9d is also displaced by 360° of the crankshaft from the torque supplied by the first cylinder 9a.
  • the letter B indicates a curve representing the variation with time of the torque supplied by the cylinder recognized as 9d; the variation of this torque is approximately sinusoidal.
  • the displacement of 360° between the torques of cylinders 9a and 9d is also eliminated.
  • the block 133 is followed by a block 134 in which the torque measured in the block 131 is compared with the torque measured by the block 133; for this purpose, since the torque measured in the block 133 is displaced angularly and in time from the torque measured in the block 131, a time correction is made to the torque stored in the block 132.
  • the stored torque (curve A) is displaced by 360° in such a way that the torques supplied by the first and fourth cylinders 9a, 9d can be compared, and these torques can be considered as if supplied simultaneously.
  • the torques supplied by the first and fourth cylinders 9a, 9d should have substantially equal variations in time, and the curves A and B should therefore coincide.
  • the block 134 calculates the times t1 and t2 taken by the torques represented by the curves A and B to reach a specified threshold value C threshold ( Figure 3).
  • the block 134 is followed by a block 135 in which the times t1 and t2 are compared with each other; in particular, if the time t1 is less than t2 (with the torque generated by the cylinder recognized as the first cylinder 9a in advance of the torque generated by the cylinder recognized as the fourth cylinder 9d) the block 135 is followed by a block 136; otherwise (if the time t1 is greater than t2 and therefore the torque generated by the cylinder recognized as the first cylinder 9a lags behind the torque generated by the cylinder recognized as 9d) the block 135 is followed by a block 137.
  • the block 137 retimes by 360° the timing set in the block 110; consequently, the upper dead centre of the fourth cylinder 9d (whose position is displaced by 360° with respect to that of the first cylinder) is assigned to the first angular position of the shaft 20 following the detection of a specified number of pulses (for example, twenty) from the zero reference.
  • the block 136 maintains the timing determined by the block 110.
  • the blocks 136 and 137 lead to the exit from the program.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Elektronische Vorrichtung zur Identifizierung der Takte eines Viertakt-Verbrennungsmotors (2); wobei dieser Motor (2) eine Abtriebskurbelwelle (20) aufweist, die mit einem Sensor (15,17) für die Winkelposition dieser Kurbelwelle (20) gekoppelt ist; wobei dieser Sensor (15,17) ein Signal (R) erzeugt, das ein 360°-Intervall der Kurbelwelle (20) umfaßt; wobei dieses Signal (R) mindestens eine Nullreferenz (Dz) aufweist, die einer Null-Winkelreferenz dieser Kurbelwelle (20) entspricht;
    wobei diese elektronische Vorrichtung ebenfalls umfaßt eine erste Erfassungseinrichtung (100), die diese Nullreferenz (Dz) erfassen kann, eine erste Berechnungseinrichtung (110), die die Takte der Zylinder dieses Motors (2) gemäß dieser Nullreferenz (Dz) und wenigstens gemäß einer spezifizierten Winkelbeziehung zwischen dieser Nullreferenz (Dz) und der Winkelposition, in der der obere Totpunkt eines ersten Zylinders erreicht ist, beliebig zuordnen kann, und eine Drehmoment-Überwachungseinrichtung (130), die das von diesem Motor (2) hervorgerufene Drehmoment überwachen kann;
    wobei diese elektronische Vorrichtung dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß diese Drehmoment-Überwachungseinrichtung (130) eine erste Überwachungseinrichtung (131), die den zeitlichen Verlauf des momentanen Drehmoments eines ersten Zylinders (9a) erfassen kann, eine zweite Überwachungseinrichtung (133), die den zeitlichen Verlauf des momentanen Drehmoments eines zweiten Zylinders (9d) erfassen kann, und eine Vergleichseinrichtung (135) umfaßt, die den zeitlichen Verlauf der Drehmomente dieses ersten (9a) und dieses zweiten Zylinders (9d) vergleichen kann, um zu bestimmen, ob die beliebige Zuordnung der Motortakte, die von dieser ersten Berechnungseinrichung (110) durchgeführt ist, richtig ist; wobei, falls diese beliebige Zuordnung der Motortakte falsch ist, diese Vergleichseinrichtung (135) eine Resynchronisationseinrichtung (137) auswählen kann, die die beliebige Zuordnung der Motortakte, die von dieser ersten Berechnungseinrichtung (110) durchgeführt ist, korrigieren kann.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß diese Vergleichseinrichtung (135) die Verschiebung zwischen den Drehmomenten, die von dem ersten (9a) und dem zweiten Zylinder (9d) geliefert werden, erfassen kann; wobei diese Verschiebung prinzipiell auf der Torsions-Elastizität des Abschnitts der Kurbelwelle (20) beruht, der zwischen diesem ersten (9a) und diesem zweiten Zylinder (9d) liegt.
  3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß diese Vergleichseinrichtung (135) diese Resynchronisationseinrichtung(137) auswählen kann, wenn das von diesem ersten Zylinder (9a) hervorgerufene Drehmoment hinter dem von diesem zweiten Zylinder (9d) hervorgerufenen Drehmoment zurückbleibt.
  4. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 oder 3 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß diese Drehmoment-Überwachungseinrichtung (130) eine zweite Berechnungseinrichtung (134) umfaßt, die einen ersten Bezugs-Zeitabschnitt (t1), währenddessen das von diesem ersten Zylinder (9a) gelieferte Drehmoment einen Schwellenwert (CSchwelle) erreicht, und einen zweiten Bezugs-Zeitabschnitt (t2) bestimmen kann, währenddessen das von diesem zweiten Zylinder (9d) gelieferte Drehmoment diesen Schwellenwert (CSchwelle) erreicht; wobei diese Vergleichseinrichtung (135) diesen ersten (t1) und zweiten betreffenden Zeitabschnitt (t2) miteinander vergleichen kann, um die Verschiebung zwischen den Drehmomenten, die von dem ersten (9a) und dem zweiten Zylinder (9d) geliefert werden, zu bestimmen.
  5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß diese Vergleichseinrichtung (135) diese Resynchronisationseinrichtung (137) auswählen kann, wenn dieser erste Zeitabschnitt (tl) größer als dieser zweite Zeitabschnitt (t2) ist.
  6. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dieser erste Zylinder (9a) der Zylinder des Motors (2) ist, der längs der Kurbelwelle (20) physikalisch in der Nähe dieses Winkelpositionssensors (15,17) der Kurbelwelle (20) angeordnet ist .
  7. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüchen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dieser zweite Zylinder (9d) der Zylinder des Motors (2) ist, der entlang der Kurbelwelle (20) physikalisch mit einem maximalen Abstand von diesem Winkelpositionssensor (15,17) der Kurbelwelle (20) angeordnet ist.
EP95107844A 1994-05-23 1995-05-22 Elektronisches System zur Hubidentifizierung eines Innenverbrennungsmotors Expired - Lifetime EP0684376B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT94BO000239A ITBO940239A1 (it) 1994-05-23 1994-05-23 Sistema elettronico per l'identificazione delle fasi di un motore endotermico.
ITBO940239 1994-05-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0684376A1 EP0684376A1 (de) 1995-11-29
EP0684376B1 true EP0684376B1 (de) 1998-08-12

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EP95107844A Expired - Lifetime EP0684376B1 (de) 1994-05-23 1995-05-22 Elektronisches System zur Hubidentifizierung eines Innenverbrennungsmotors

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EP (1) EP0684376B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69503971T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2121259T3 (de)
IT (1) ITBO940239A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19521277A1 (de) * 1995-06-10 1996-12-12 Bosch Gmbh Robert Einrichtung zur Zylindererkennung bei einer mehrzylindrigen Brennkraftmaschine
DE69626122T2 (de) * 1996-12-03 2003-08-21 C.R.F. S.C.P.A., Orbassano Verfahren zur Synchronisierung einer Brennkraftmaschine ohne Nockenwellenstandfühler
SE513462C2 (sv) * 1997-07-08 2000-09-18 Scania Cv Ab Förfarande och anordning för start av en fyrtakts insprutningsmotor
DE10122154B4 (de) * 2001-05-08 2014-11-20 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erkennung der Laufunruhe bei Vier-Takt-Verbrennungsmotoren
FR2925593B1 (fr) * 2007-12-20 2014-05-16 Renault Sas Procede pour produire un signal de synchronisation du cycle de fonctionnement d'un moteur a combustion interne

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2541949B2 (ja) * 1986-11-28 1996-10-09 本田技研工業株式会社 ４サイクル内燃機関の点火時期制御装置
DE4114797C2 (de) * 1991-05-07 2003-08-28 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Arbeitstakterkennung bei einem Viertaktmotor
FR2681425B1 (fr) * 1991-09-12 1993-11-26 Renault Regie Nale Usines Procede et dispositif de mesure du couple d'un moteur thermique a combustion interne.
FR2692623B1 (fr) * 1992-06-23 1995-07-07 Renault Procede de reperage cylindres pour le pilotage d'un systeme d'injection electronique d'un moteur a combustion interne.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69503971D1 (de) 1998-09-17
DE69503971T2 (de) 1999-01-14
ITBO940239A1 (it) 1995-11-23
EP0684376A1 (de) 1995-11-29
ITBO940239A0 (it) 1994-05-23
ES2121259T3 (es) 1998-11-16

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