EP0683857A1 - Piston engine, especially piston internal combustion engine with reinforced engine block using segmented ribs - Google Patents

Piston engine, especially piston internal combustion engine with reinforced engine block using segmented ribs

Info

Publication number
EP0683857A1
EP0683857A1 EP95904443A EP95904443A EP0683857A1 EP 0683857 A1 EP0683857 A1 EP 0683857A1 EP 95904443 A EP95904443 A EP 95904443A EP 95904443 A EP95904443 A EP 95904443A EP 0683857 A1 EP0683857 A1 EP 0683857A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
engine
piston
engine block
internal combustion
rib
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP95904443A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Markus Schwaderlapp
Christian SCHÖNHERR
Thomas Wagner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FEV Europe GmbH
Original Assignee
FEV Motorentechnik GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by FEV Motorentechnik GmbH and Co KG filed Critical FEV Motorentechnik GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0683857A1 publication Critical patent/EP0683857A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
    • F02F7/0065—Shape of casings for other machine parts and purposes, e.g. utilisation purposes, safety
    • F02F7/008—Sound insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
    • F02F7/0002—Cylinder arrangements
    • F02F7/0007—Crankcases of engines with cylinders in line
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
    • F02B2075/1804—Number of cylinders
    • F02B2075/1816—Number of cylinders four
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00—Metals
    • F05C2201/02—Light metals
    • F05C2201/021—Aluminium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2251/00—Material properties
    • F05C2251/04—Thermal properties
    • F05C2251/042—Expansivity

Definitions

  • Piston engine in particular piston internal combustion engine with stiffened engine block by means of broken ribs Description:
  • piston engines in particular piston internal combustion engines, are excited to vibrate by the changing processes in the cylinder space, for example by the combustion process, but also by mechanical influences, which are also emitted as sound on the surfaces of the piston engine in the form of airborne noise and / or can be transmitted as structure-borne noise via the bearing of the piston machine into the foundation or the vehicle body in vehicles.
  • attachments and / or additional units such as engine supports, starters, alternators or gas supply lines and gas discharge
  • the invention is based on the object of reducing the vibration and noise development of a piston engine, in particular a piston internal combustion engine, by designing the engine block structure, the total weight not being able to be increased if possible.
  • a piston machine in particular a piston internal combustion engine, in which cylinders, pistons, crankshafts and crankshaft bearings are arranged in an engine block, areas on the engine block being provided with cover-like and / or trough-shaped covers and in which the Walls of the engine block and / or the covers are provided at least in partial areas with rib-shaped reinforcements which are interrupted in their course.
  • the particular advantage of the solution according to the invention is that the freely vibratable outer surfaces of the engine block structure are reduced and the acoustic behavior of the engine block structure is significantly improved. Such ribs lead to an increased jump in impedance at the interruption points and thus in particular to a reduction in the transmission of structure-borne noise.
  • the geometry of the points of interruption may, for example, wedge-shaped or trapezoidal be formed "or be rounded.
  • the covers in the sense of the present invention include, for example, the cylinder head cover, timing gear covers, the crankcase or oil pan and similar elements of the engine structure.
  • the gearbox associated therewith must also be taken into account with regard to the task of reducing the noise, since the walls of, for example, a flanged-on gearbox housing can emit sound.
  • vibration-reducing stiffening can be achieved with an arrangement of components in the wall.
  • the intake and / or exhaust pipes with tubular components on the inside and / or with web-like or rib-shaped components on the outside can be reinforced to reduce vibration, so that these structures, which belong to the engine block in the broader sense, have no or only a lower sound radiation he follows.
  • the rib-shaped reinforcements can consist of the base material of the engine block, for example cast on in the case of cast engine blocks or engine block parts.
  • materials with a higher modulus of elasticity than the base material of the engine block in particular ceramic materials, can be provided for the rib-shaped reinforcements. These have a much higher modulus of elasticity than the gray cast iron or cast aluminum customary as the base material. If gray cast iron is used as the base material, the density of ceramic materials is significantly lower than the density of the base material. When using cast aluminum, the density of ceramic materials is approximately the same. Due to these material properties, stiffening components made of ceramic materials with the same mass can achieve about 12 times the stiffness compared to an identical design made of gray cast iron. With the same rigidity, ribs made of a ceramic material, for example, have about 70% less mass than ribs made of gray cast iron. Another advantage is that with such a rib-like design
  • Components with a predetermined same stiffness due to the higher modulus of elasticity also reduce the geometric dimensions compared to a rib made of the base material, so that the overall volume of the internal combustion engine is reduced. In this way, stiffening measures for noise reduction can be effectively introduced into the components even with a given production system.
  • an engine block 1 of a four-cylinder piston internal combustion engine is shown, the upper portion of which forms the cylinder block 2 and the lower portion of which comprises the upper part of the crankcase 3.
  • the crankcase 3 is enclosed on the underside with a crankcase, not shown here.
  • the cylinder block 2 and the crankcase 3 are designed as one component, in particular in vehicle engines.
  • rib-like reinforcements extending in the longitudinal direction of the internal combustion engine are provided on the cylinder block 2 as well as on the crankcase 3.
  • These rib-like reinforcements 4 can consist of the base material of the engine block 1 and can be integrally connected, for example by the casting process.
  • the reinforcements 4 can also consist of a material that has a higher modulus of elasticity than the base material, preferably of a ceramic material. If the engine block 1 is made, for example, of gray cast iron, then the reinforcements 4 have, for example, an approximately three times higher modulus of elasticity than the base material of gray cast iron and about half the density of the base material. The coefficient of thermal expansion is similar to that of gray cast iron, so that a combination of gray cast iron and ceramic is unproblematic from this point of view. If aluminum is used as the base material, the reinforcements 4 have a 5-fold higher modulus of elasticity than, for example, when using aluminum oxide ceramic the base material with a similar density.
  • such rib-shaped reinforcements 4 made of ceramic have the same dimensional stability when using gray cast iron as the base material and are 70% less mass than ribs made of gray cast iron.
  • Such rib-shaped reinforcements can be arranged on the crankcase 3 both on the outer wall and on the inner wall. In the arrangement shown, the rigidity of the engine block increases, globally and above all locally, in particular with respect to the vertical axis of the engine, so that the generation of vibrations is impeded and the amplitude of vibrations generated in the engine block is reduced.
  • the longitudinally extending rib-shaped reinforcements 4 are interrupted in their longitudinal direction, the interruption 5 preferably being provided in the area of the connection points of the bearing walls with the outer walls of the engine block, that is to say at places where, due to the construction, anyway Wall thickenings are provided.
  • the interrupted rib profiles lead to an increased impedance jump at the interruption points 5 and thus to a reduction in the structure-borne noise transmission.
  • the geometry of the interruption points can be wedge-shaped or trapezoidal, as shown for example for area 5.1, or, as shown for area 5.2, can be rounded.
  • the rib-shaped reinforcements can be provided in the case of larger wall areas on the engine block or also on its diverse cover and / or trough-shaped covers, also in a crosswise arrangement. It is only important that they are interrupted in their longitudinal extension. If the rib-shaped reinforcements are made of a different material than the base material, they can be connected to the relevant areas of the engine block by casting, gluing, soldering or welding.

Abstract

The invention pertains to a piston engine, especially piston internal combustion engine, wherein cylinders, pistons, crankshaft and crankshaft bearings are arranged in an engine block (1), areas of the engine block being fitted with cap- and/or cup-shaped coverings and the walls of the cylinder block (2) and/or of the coverings being fitted at least in some areas with rib-like reinforcements which run in a segmented line.

Description

Bezeichnung: Kolbenmaschine, insbesondere Kolbenbrennkraft¬ maschine mit versteiftem Motorblock mittels unterbrochener Rippen Beschreibung:Description: Piston engine, in particular piston internal combustion engine with stiffened engine block by means of broken ribs Description:
Im Betrieb werden Kolbenmaschinen, insbesondere Kolbenbrenn- kraftmaschinen, durch die wechselnden Vorgänge im Zylinder¬ raum, beispielsweise durch den Verbrennungsablauf, aber auch durch mechanische Einflüsse zu Schwingungen angeregt, die auch als Schall an den Oberflächen der Kolbenmaschine in Form von Luftschall abgestrahlt werden und/oder über die Lagerung der Kolbenmaschine in das Fundament bzw. die Fahrzeugkarosserie bei Fahrzeugen als Körperschall weitergeleitet werden.In operation, piston engines, in particular piston internal combustion engines, are excited to vibrate by the changing processes in the cylinder space, for example by the combustion process, but also by mechanical influences, which are also emitted as sound on the surfaces of the piston engine in the form of airborne noise and / or can be transmitted as structure-borne noise via the bearing of the piston machine into the foundation or the vehicle body in vehicles.
Wegen der nachteiligen Auswirkungen auf Mensch und Umwelt ist man bestrebt, derartige Geräuschemissionen zu verringern. Wie in DE-A-28 49 613 gezeigt, wird versucht, eine Schallab¬ schirmung durch die Anordnung einer elastisch mit dem Motorblock einer Kolbenbrennkraftmaschine verbundenen Schallisolierhülle zu erzielen. Des weiteren wurde gemäß DE-A-28 01 431 vorgeschlagen, die gesamte Kolbenbrenn- kraftmaschine mit Hilfe körperschallisolierender Stützele¬ mente in einer Außenwanne zu lagern. Nachteilig an derartigen 1 Schallisoliermaßnahmen ist, daß sie einen Großteil derBecause of the adverse effects on people and the environment, efforts are being made to reduce such noise emissions. As shown in DE-A-28 49 613, an attempt is made to achieve sound shielding by arranging a sound insulation sleeve which is elastically connected to the engine block of a piston internal combustion engine. Furthermore, according to DE-A-28 01 431, it was proposed to store the entire piston-type internal combustion engine in an outer tub with the aid of structure-borne noise-isolating support elements. A disadvantage of such 1 Soundproofing measures is that they are a large part of the
Maschine umfassen und daher das Anbringen von Anbauteilen und/oder Zusatzaggregaten, wie Motorstützen, Anlasser, Lichtmaschine oder auch von Gaszuleitungen und Gasableitun-Include machine and therefore the attachment of attachments and / or additional units, such as engine supports, starters, alternators or gas supply lines and gas discharge
*-> gen behindert. Hierbei läßt es sich vielfach auch nicht verhindern, daß derartige Schallisolierhüllen für die Anbringung derartiger Anbauteile und/oder Zusatzaggregate unterbrochen werden, wodurch ihre Wirksamkeit verringert wird. Darüber hinaus beeinträchtigen derartige Schallisolie- -*0 rmaßnahmen den Wärmehaushalt einer Kolbenbrennkraftmaschine.* - > gene disabled. In many cases, it cannot be prevented that such sound insulation sleeves are interrupted for the attachment of such attachments and / or additional units, thereby reducing their effectiveness. In addition, such sound insulation measures impair the heat balance of a piston internal combustion engine.
Wegen der vorstehend geschilderten Nachteile hat man auch versucht, die Schallausbreitung dadurch zu bekämpfen, daß man versucht hat, die Schallentstehung zu verhindernBecause of the disadvantages described above, attempts have also been made to combat the propagation of sound by trying to prevent sound generation
15 oder zumindest zu vermindern. Neben der Verringerung der Anregungsursachen, beispielsweise durch Optimierung des Brennverfahrens ist es vor allem sinnvoll, die Körperschall¬ übertragung und die Schallabstrahlung an der Oberfläche der Kolbenbrennkraftmaschine zu verringern. Dies wurde15 or at least to decrease. In addition to reducing the causes of excitation, for example by optimizing the combustion process, it is particularly useful to reduce the structure-borne noise transmission and the noise radiation on the surface of the piston internal combustion engine. That was
•-•O dadurch bewirkt, daß man die Kolbenbrennkraftmaschine insbesondere in ihren dünnwandigen Bereichen möglichst steif, insbesondere biege- oder torsionssteif ausbildet, wobei in bezug auf die Luftschallabstrahlung die schwingungs¬ fähigen Flächen möglichst klein und/oder dickwandig ausge-• - • O causes the piston internal combustion engine to be made as stiff as possible, in particular flexurally or torsionally stiff, particularly in its thin-walled areas, the vibrating surfaces being as small and / or thick-walled as possible in relation to the airborne sound radiation.
**-5 führt werden. Insbesondere durch eine Erhöhung der Wand¬ stärken treten neben einer unerwünschten Vergrößerung des Gewichtes vor allem bei gegossenen Bauteilen vermehrt Gußdefekte, wie Lunker-, Porenstellen oder dergl. auf. Daher wurde gemäß DE-A-35 44 215 bereits vorgeschlagen, 0 die Steifigkeit des Motorblocks insgesamt durch ein System von Verstärkungsrippen auf den Seitenwänden im Zylinder¬ bereich zu verbessern. Hierdurch lassen sich bei entspre¬ chender Gestaltung der Rippen unerwünschte Gußdefekte vermeiden und eine hohe Steifigkeit des Zylinderblocks 5 erzielen. Auch dem Vorschlag gemäß DE-A-40 17 139 liegt der Gedanke zugrunde, die notwendige Steifigkeit des Motorblocks über die gezielte Anbringung von Bändern und Rippen zu bewirken. Bei diesem Vorschlag wird dies insbesondere durch die Anbindung der Kurbelwellenlagerung an den Zylinderblock und an die Kurbelgehäuseseitenwandungen über eine Vielzahl von Verstärkungsrippen erreicht, so daß die Steifigkeit der Motorblockstruktur insgesamt erhöht wird. Dies ist jedoch mit einer entsprechenden Gewichtserhöhung verbunden. Eine Gewichtszunahme ist jedoch unter wirtschaftlichen Gesichtspunkten zu vermeiden.** - 5 leads. In particular, by increasing the wall thicknesses, in addition to an undesirable increase in the weight, cast defects, such as blowholes, pore locations or the like, increasingly occur, especially in the case of cast components. Therefore, according to DE-A-35 44 215, it has already been proposed to improve the overall rigidity of the engine block by means of a system of reinforcing ribs on the side walls in the cylinder area. In this way, if the ribs are designed accordingly, undesired casting defects can be avoided and a high rigidity of the cylinder block 5 can be achieved. The proposal according to DE-A-40 17 139 is also based on the idea of bringing about the necessary rigidity of the engine block by means of the targeted attachment of ribbons and ribs. In this proposal, this is achieved in particular by connecting the crankshaft bearing to the cylinder block and to the crankcase side walls via a multiplicity of reinforcing ribs, so that the overall rigidity of the engine block structure is increased. However, this is associated with a corresponding increase in weight. However, weight gain should be avoided from an economic point of view.
Der Erfindung liegt nun die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Schwingungs¬ und Geräuschentwicklung einer Kolbenmaschine, insbesondere einer Kolbenbrennkraftmaschine, durch Gestaltung der Motor¬ blockstruktur zu verringern, wobei das Gesamtgewicht möglichst nicht erhöht werden darf.The invention is based on the object of reducing the vibration and noise development of a piston engine, in particular a piston internal combustion engine, by designing the engine block structure, the total weight not being able to be increased if possible.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst mit einer Kolben- maschine, insbesondere einer Kolbenbrennkraftmaschine, bei der in einem Motorblock Zylinder, Kolben, Kurbelwelle und Kurbelwellenlagerung angeordnet sind, wobei Bereiche am Motorblock mit deckel- und/oder wannenförmigen Abdeckun¬ gen versehen sind und bei der die Wandungen des Motorblocks und/oder der Abdeckungen zumindest in Teilbereichen mit rippenförmigen Verstärkungen versehen sind, die in ihrem Verlauf unterbrochen sind. Der besondere Vorteil der erfin¬ dungsgemäßen Lösung besteht darin, daß die frei schwingungs¬ fähigen Außenflächen der Motorblockstruktur verkleinert und das akustische Verhalten der Motorblockstruktur deutlich verbessert. Derartige Rippen führen an den Unterbrechungs¬ stellen zu einem erhöhten Impedanzsprung und somit insbeson¬ dere zu einer Verringerung der Körperschallübertragung. Die Geometrie der Unterbrechungsstellen kann, beispielsweise keilförmig bzw. trapezförmig ausgebildet "sein oder abgerundet ausgebildet sein. Zu den Abdeckungen im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung gehören beispielsweise der Zylinderkopfdeckel, Steuertrieb¬ abdeckungen, die Kurbel- oder ölwanne und ähnliche Elemente der Motorstruktur. Insbesondere bei Kolbenbrennkraftmaschinen ist im Hinblick auf die zu lösende Aufgabe der Geräuschab¬ senkung auch noch das damit verbundene Getriebe zu rechnen, da auch die Wandungen eines beispielsweise angeflanschten Getriebegehäuses Schall abstrahlen können. Auch hier läßt sich mit einer Anordnung von Bauteilen in der Wandung eine schwingungsmindernde Versteifung erreichen. In gleicher Weise lassen sich auch die Ansaug- und/oder Abgasrohre mit rohrförmigen Bauteilen innen und/oder mit steg- oder rippenförmigen Bauteilen außen schwingungsmindernd verstärken, so daß auch über diese zum Motorblock im weiteren Sinne zählenden Strukturen keine oder nur eine geringere Schallab¬ strahlung erfolgt.This object is achieved according to the invention with a piston machine, in particular a piston internal combustion engine, in which cylinders, pistons, crankshafts and crankshaft bearings are arranged in an engine block, areas on the engine block being provided with cover-like and / or trough-shaped covers and in which the Walls of the engine block and / or the covers are provided at least in partial areas with rib-shaped reinforcements which are interrupted in their course. The particular advantage of the solution according to the invention is that the freely vibratable outer surfaces of the engine block structure are reduced and the acoustic behavior of the engine block structure is significantly improved. Such ribs lead to an increased jump in impedance at the interruption points and thus in particular to a reduction in the transmission of structure-borne noise. The geometry of the points of interruption may, for example, wedge-shaped or trapezoidal be formed "or be rounded. The covers in the sense of the present invention include, for example, the cylinder head cover, timing gear covers, the crankcase or oil pan and similar elements of the engine structure. In the case of piston internal combustion engines in particular, the gearbox associated therewith must also be taken into account with regard to the task of reducing the noise, since the walls of, for example, a flanged-on gearbox housing can emit sound. Here too, vibration-reducing stiffening can be achieved with an arrangement of components in the wall. In the same way, the intake and / or exhaust pipes with tubular components on the inside and / or with web-like or rib-shaped components on the outside can be reinforced to reduce vibration, so that these structures, which belong to the engine block in the broader sense, have no or only a lower sound radiation he follows.
Die rippenförmigen Verstärkungen können aus dem Grundwerk¬ stoff des Motorblocks bestehen, beispielsweise bei gegosse- nen Motorblöcken oder Motorblockteilen angegossen sein.The rib-shaped reinforcements can consist of the base material of the engine block, for example cast on in the case of cast engine blocks or engine block parts.
In einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung können für die rippen- förmigen Verstärkungen Werkstoffe mit einem höheren Elasti¬ zitätsmodul als der Grundwerkstoff des Motorblocks insbeson- dere auch keramische Werkstoffe, vorgesehen werden. Diese besitzen einen vielfach höheren Elastizitätsmodul als der als Grundwerkstoff übliche Grauguß oder Aluminiumguß . Im Falle der Verwendung von Grauguß als Grundwerkstoff ist die Dichte von keramischen Werkstoffen wesentlich kleiner als die Dichte des Grundwerkstoffs. Bei der Verwen¬ dung von Aluminiumguß ist die Dichte keramischer Werkstoffe in etwa gleich. Aufgrund dieser Werkstoffeigenschaften können versteifende Bauteile aus keramischen Werkstoffen bei gleicher Masse etwa die 12fache Steifigkeit gegenüber einer baugleichen Ausführung aus Grauguß erreichen. Bei gleicher Steifigkeit weisen beispielsweise Rippen aus einem keramischen Werkstoff etwa 70% weniger Masse als Rippen aus Grauguß auf. Ein weiterer Vorteil liegt darin, daß sich bei einer rippenförmigen Gestaltung derartigerIn one embodiment of the invention, materials with a higher modulus of elasticity than the base material of the engine block, in particular ceramic materials, can be provided for the rib-shaped reinforcements. These have a much higher modulus of elasticity than the gray cast iron or cast aluminum customary as the base material. If gray cast iron is used as the base material, the density of ceramic materials is significantly lower than the density of the base material. When using cast aluminum, the density of ceramic materials is approximately the same. Due to these material properties, stiffening components made of ceramic materials with the same mass can achieve about 12 times the stiffness compared to an identical design made of gray cast iron. With the same rigidity, ribs made of a ceramic material, for example, have about 70% less mass than ribs made of gray cast iron. Another advantage is that with such a rib-like design
Bauteile bei einer vorgegebenen gleichen Steifigkeit aufgrund des höheren Elastizitätsmoduls sich auch die geometrischen Abmessungen gegenüber einer Rippe aus dem Grundwerkstoff vermindern, so daß das Bauvolumen der Brennkraftmaschine reduziert wird. Damit können Versteifungsmaßnahmen zur Geräuschreduzierung auch bei vorgegebener Fertigungsanlage wirksam in die Komponenten eingebracht werden.Components with a predetermined same stiffness due to the higher modulus of elasticity also reduce the geometric dimensions compared to a rib made of the base material, so that the overall volume of the internal combustion engine is reduced. In this way, stiffening measures for noise reduction can be effectively introduced into the components even with a given production system.
Die Erfindung wird anhand einer schematischen Zeichnung eines Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail using a schematic drawing of an embodiment.
In der Zeichnung ist ein Motorblock 1 einer Vierzylinder- Kolbenbrennkraftmaschine dargestellt, dessen oberer Abschnitt den Zylinderblock 2 bildet und dessen unterer Abschnitt den oberen Teil des Kurbelgehäuses 3 umfaßt. Das Kurbelge¬ häuse 3 ist auf der Unterseite mit einer hier nicht näher dargestellten Kurbelwanne umschlossen. Der Zylinderblock 2 und das Kurbelgehäuse 3 sind insbesondere bei Fahrzeug- motoren als ein Bauteil ausgeführt. Zur Verstärkung der Konstruktion sind auf dem Zylinderblock 2 ebenso wie auf dem Kurbelgehäuse 3 sich in Längsrichtung der Brennkraft¬ maschine erstreckende rippenförmige Verstärkungen Diese rippenförmigen Verstärkungen 4 können aus dem Grundwerkstoff des Motorblocks 1 bestehen und stoffschlüssig, beispielsweise durch den Gießprozeß, verbunden sein. Sie können auch aus einem Werkstoff bestehen, der einen höheren E-Modul als der Grundwerkstoff aufweist, vorzugsweise aus einem keramischen Werkstoff. Wird der Motorblock 1 beispielsweise aus Grauguß hergestellt, dann weisen die Verstärkungen 4 gegenüber dem Grundwerkstoff Grauguß beispielsweise einen etwa drei mal höheren E-Modul und etwa die halbe Dichte des Grundwerkstoffs auf. Der Wärmeausdehnungskoeffi¬ zient ist dem von Grauguß ähnlich, so daß ein Verbund von Grauguß und Keramik aus dieser Sicht unproblematisch ist. Verwendet man als Grundwerkstoff Aluminium, so besitzen die Verstärkungen 4 beispielsweise bei Verwendung von Aluminium-Oxid-Keramik einen 5fach höheren E-Modul als der Grundwerkstoff bei ähnlicher Dichte. So haben beispiels¬ weise derartige rippenförmige Verstärkungen 4 aus Keramik, wie sie in der Zeichnung angedeutet sind, bei gleicher Form- sreifigkeit bei der Verwendung von Grauguß als Grundwerkstoff eine um 70% geringere Masse als Rippen aus Grauguß. Derartige rippenförmige Verstärkungen können an dem Kurbelgehäuse 3 sowohl auf der Außenwandung als auch auf der Innenwandung angeordnet werden. Bei der dargestellten Anordnung erhöht sich die Steifigkeit des Motorblocks, global und vor allem lokal insbesondere in bezug auf die Motorhochachse, so daß die Entstehung von Schwingungen behindert und die Amplitude entstehender Schwingungen des Motorblocks redu¬ ziert wird.In the drawing, an engine block 1 of a four-cylinder piston internal combustion engine is shown, the upper portion of which forms the cylinder block 2 and the lower portion of which comprises the upper part of the crankcase 3. The crankcase 3 is enclosed on the underside with a crankcase, not shown here. The cylinder block 2 and the crankcase 3 are designed as one component, in particular in vehicle engines. In order to reinforce the construction, rib-like reinforcements extending in the longitudinal direction of the internal combustion engine are provided on the cylinder block 2 as well as on the crankcase 3. These rib-like reinforcements 4 can consist of the base material of the engine block 1 and can be integrally connected, for example by the casting process. They can also consist of a material that has a higher modulus of elasticity than the base material, preferably of a ceramic material. If the engine block 1 is made, for example, of gray cast iron, then the reinforcements 4 have, for example, an approximately three times higher modulus of elasticity than the base material of gray cast iron and about half the density of the base material. The coefficient of thermal expansion is similar to that of gray cast iron, so that a combination of gray cast iron and ceramic is unproblematic from this point of view. If aluminum is used as the base material, the reinforcements 4 have a 5-fold higher modulus of elasticity than, for example, when using aluminum oxide ceramic the base material with a similar density. Thus, for example, such rib-shaped reinforcements 4 made of ceramic, as indicated in the drawing, have the same dimensional stability when using gray cast iron as the base material and are 70% less mass than ribs made of gray cast iron. Such rib-shaped reinforcements can be arranged on the crankcase 3 both on the outer wall and on the inner wall. In the arrangement shown, the rigidity of the engine block increases, globally and above all locally, in particular with respect to the vertical axis of the engine, so that the generation of vibrations is impeded and the amplitude of vibrations generated in the engine block is reduced.
Wie die Zeichnung erkennen läßt, sind die in Längsrichtung sich erstreckenden rippenförmigen Verstärkungen 4 in ihrer Längsrichtung unterbrochen, wobei die Unterbrechung 5 vorzugsweise im Bereich der Verbindungsstellen der Lager¬ wände mit den Außenwandungen des Motorblocks vorgesehen sind, also an Stellen, an denen konstruktiv bedingt ohnehin Wandungsverdickungen vorgesehen sind. Hierdurch werden die frei schwingungsfähigen Außenflächen der Motorblock¬ struktur verkleinert und das akustische Verhalten der Motorblockstruktur deutlich verbessert. Derartige unterbro- chene Rippenverläufe führen an den Unterbrechungsstellen 5 zu einem erhöhten Impedanzsprung und somit zu einer Verringerung der Körperschallübertragung. Die Geometrie des Unterbrechungsstellen kann, wie beispielsweise für den Bereich 5.1 dargestellt, keilförmig bzw. trapezförmig ausgebildet sein oder, wie für den Bereich 5.2 dargestellt, abgerundet ausgebildet sein.As can be seen in the drawing, the longitudinally extending rib-shaped reinforcements 4 are interrupted in their longitudinal direction, the interruption 5 preferably being provided in the area of the connection points of the bearing walls with the outer walls of the engine block, that is to say at places where, due to the construction, anyway Wall thickenings are provided. As a result, the freely vibratable outer surfaces of the engine block structure are reduced and the acoustic behavior of the engine block structure is significantly improved. Such interrupted rib profiles lead to an increased impedance jump at the interruption points 5 and thus to a reduction in the structure-borne noise transmission. The geometry of the interruption points can be wedge-shaped or trapezoidal, as shown for example for area 5.1, or, as shown for area 5.2, can be rounded.
Die rippenförmigen Verstärkungen können bei größeren Wan¬ dungsflächen am Motorblock oder auch an seinen vielfältigen deckel- und/oder wannenförmigen Abdeckungen, auch in kreuz¬ weiser Anordnung, vorgesehen werden. Wichtig ist nur, daß sie in ihrer Längserstreckung jeweils unterbrochen sind. Wenn die rippenförmigen Verstärkungen aus einem anderen Werkstoff als dem Grundwerkstoff bestehen, können diese durch Umgießen, Kleben, Löten oder Schweißen mit den betreffenden Bereichen des Motorblocks verbunden sein. The rib-shaped reinforcements can be provided in the case of larger wall areas on the engine block or also on its diverse cover and / or trough-shaped covers, also in a crosswise arrangement. It is only important that they are interrupted in their longitudinal extension. If the rib-shaped reinforcements are made of a different material than the base material, they can be connected to the relevant areas of the engine block by casting, gluing, soldering or welding.

Claims

Schutzansprüche: Protection claims:
1. Kolbenmaschine, insbesondere Kolbenbrennkraftmaschine, bei der in einem Motorblock (1) Zylinder, Kolben, Kurbel- welle und Kurbelwellenlagerung angeordnet sind, wobei1. Piston engine, in particular piston internal combustion engine, in which cylinders, pistons, crankshaft and crankshaft bearings are arranged in an engine block (1), wherein
Bereiche am Motorblock mit deckel- und/oder wannenförmigen Abdeckungen versehen sind und bei der die Wandungen des Zylinderblocks (2) und/oder der Abdeckungen zumindest in Teilbereichen mit rippenförmigen Verstärkungen versehen sind, die in ihrem Verlauf unterbrochen sind.Areas on the engine block are provided with cover and / or trough-shaped covers and in which the walls of the cylinder block (2) and / or the covers are provided, at least in some areas, with rib-shaped reinforcements which are interrupted in their course.
2. Kolbenmaschine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Unterbrechungen im Verlauf der rippenförmigen Verstärkungen jeweils im Bereich von konstruktiv bedingten Wandungsverdickungen vorgesehen sind.2. Piston machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the interruptions in the course of the rib-shaped reinforcements are each provided in the region of design-related wall thickenings.
3. Kolbenmaschine nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekenn¬ zeichnet, daß für die rippenförmigen Verstärkungen (4) ein Werkstoff mit höherem Elastiziztätsmodul als der Grundwerkstoff des Motorblocks, insbesondere ein keramischer Werkstoff, vorgesehen ist. 3. Piston machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that a material with a higher elastic modulus than the base material of the engine block, in particular a ceramic material, is provided for the rib-shaped reinforcements (4).
EP95904443A 1993-12-11 1994-12-09 Piston engine, especially piston internal combustion engine with reinforced engine block using segmented ribs Withdrawn EP0683857A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE9319055U 1993-12-11
DE9319055U DE9319055U1 (en) 1993-12-11 1993-12-11 Piston machine, in particular piston internal combustion engine with stiffened engine block by means of interrupted ribs
PCT/EP1994/004098 WO1995016120A1 (en) 1993-12-11 1994-12-09 Piston engine, especially piston internal combustion engine with reinforced engine block using segmented ribs

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0683857A1 true EP0683857A1 (en) 1995-11-29

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EP (1) EP0683857A1 (en)
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WO2020131625A1 (en) 2018-12-19 2020-06-25 Cummins Inc. Unique block rib geometry for reducing liner distortion

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WO1995016120A1 (en) 1995-06-15
DE9319055U1 (en) 1995-04-13
US5651340A (en) 1997-07-29

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