EP0682738B1 - Appareil de forage - Google Patents

Appareil de forage Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0682738B1
EP0682738B1 EP92911558A EP92911558A EP0682738B1 EP 0682738 B1 EP0682738 B1 EP 0682738B1 EP 92911558 A EP92911558 A EP 92911558A EP 92911558 A EP92911558 A EP 92911558A EP 0682738 B1 EP0682738 B1 EP 0682738B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drilling
nozzles
cutter head
drill
pipe
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92911558A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0682738A1 (fr
Inventor
Ernst Benzoni Von Benzon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BENZON ERNST BENZONI
Original Assignee
BENZON ERNST BENZONI
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BENZON ERNST BENZONI filed Critical BENZON ERNST BENZONI
Publication of EP0682738A1 publication Critical patent/EP0682738A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0682738B1 publication Critical patent/EP0682738B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/60—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids
    • E21B10/605—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids the bit being a core-bit
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/02—Core bits
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/36—Percussion drill bits
    • E21B10/38—Percussion drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/18—Pipes provided with plural fluid passages
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/12—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor using drilling pipes with plural fluid passages, e.g. closed circulation systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a drilling apparatus, in particular for drilling of holes preferably in soil consisting essentially of glacier deposits or comparatively soft rocks, said drilling apparatus comprising a drilling pipe with a cutter head placed on the front end, the drilling pipe consisting of two coaxial pipes forming an interspace, through which a drilling medium such as water or air can be introduced and removed together with chips from the drilling through the unobstructed clear of the inner pipe, the cutter head comprising a number of hard metal bits and nozzles in between, through which the drilling medium can flow under pressure, and furthermore a number of radially inwards directed nozzles at a short distance from the cutter head and a number of ejector nozzles, which is directed obliquely inwards in a direction away from the cutter head.
  • a number of ports opens into the clear of the coaxial pies forming the drill string.
  • jets of pressurized fluid are directed into the inner pipe.
  • the ports are directed upwards so that the jets of pressurized fluid may support transport of the material up the inner pipe.
  • the jets also have the effect of decomposing the material into smaller particles, which more easily will follow the flow of drilling fluid through the inner pipe. This effect, however, eliminates the possiblity taking up a core for analyzing the layers of earth.
  • the boring head is provided with a cutting edge preventing the formation of a core to be passed through the inner pipe, but acoording to EP-A-0 244 986 a core for analyzing may be produced.
  • the core may be brought up by means of a sampling tube, which is inserted into the inner pipe of the drill string. This is a complicated procedure requiring extra equipment to be inserted into the drill string.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a simple arangement by means of which cores or samples may be taken and brought up through the inner pipe.
  • the drilling apparatus is characterized in that the drillling pipe comprises two coaxial pipe members, which are arranged in an end to end relationship and rotating with respect to each other through a predetermined angle, said pipe members being provided with abutment surfaces, which in one of the positions disconnect the supply of drilling medium to some of the nozzles and in the other position leave the passage open.
  • the supply of drilling medium to both the ejector nozzles directed upwards and the radially directed nozzles is disconnected in one of the positions.
  • Fig. 1 shows the front end of a drill 1 comprising the cutter head.
  • the drill consists of two coaxial pipes 2 and 3, between which an annular interspace, extending over the whole length of the drill, is provided.
  • the interspace forms a supply duct for the drilling medium used, said medium being for instance water, drilling mud or air, depending on the type of drilling job and on the type of the assisting eqipment accompanying the drill.
  • the two coaxial pipes are at the front end of the drill connected with one another by means of an end wall 4 forming the basis of the cutter head of the drill.
  • the cutter head comprises a number of cutting metal bits 5, which in the embodiment shown approx.
  • the cutting metal bits are preferably placed with a mutual distance along two concentric circles in such a way that the two hemispherically shaped heads of the cutting metal bits extend somewhat outside the inner wall of the inner pipe and the outer wall of the outer pipe 2, respectively.
  • the cutting metal bits 5 are thereby able to break down the soil, in which the drill operates, in a track so wide that a clear is established around the drill.
  • the nozzles 6 may in a preferred embodiment comprise two series of nozzles, in which one series forms an angle of 10-15° inwards towards the axis of the drill and the other series correspondingly forms an angle outwards of 10-15° in relation to the axis of the drill.
  • the central core which is during the drilling left in the clear of the inner pipe, is decomposed and transported out of the bore by means of drilling medium, which is injected partly through a pair of essentially radially inwards directed ejector nozzles 8.
  • the ejector nozzles Apart from the function of transporting the decomposed material out of the drill through the inner of the drill, the ejector nozzles at the same time control the static pressure on the column of drilling medium on the outside of the drill. It is preferable that only a smaller part of the material cleared is transported upwards along the outer surface of the drill, where it will increase friction and wear of the drill during its rotation.
  • the nozzles 6 are placed in a short distance from the end surface of the drill, while the nozzles 7 may be placed at some distance from the end of the drill.
  • the distance is not criitcal, but it is preferably comparatively small, so that a zone with a very heavy turbulence is created in the inner of the front end of the drill, said turbulence disintegrate very effectively the material, which is conveyed up into the inner of the drill as the drill penetrates down into the layers of soil, in which drilling is performed.
  • the drilled material is brought out of the drill in a disintegrated and suspended condition in the drilling medium used for the drilling.
  • water is used as drilling medium, said water being supplied at a pressure of 12-20 bar, but the drill can also be used with a drilling mud which is thickened by means of for instance bentonite, or by means of air supplied at a corresponding pressure or at a somewhat higher pressure.
  • air is a preferred alternative, which is in practice particularly easy to handle and effective, especially because of the fact that the drill according to the invention operates very quickly in comparison with the known drills, for which reason the necessary consumption of air becomes moderate on account of the shorter drilling time.
  • the drilling apparatus may be constructed in such a way that it is possible to take up coherent cores.
  • the embodiment which is shown in Figs. 2 and 3, comprises a front part of the drill 1 with the nozzles and the cutter head shown in Fig. 3, said front part being rotatable in relation to the remaining shaft of the drill, the front end of which is shown in Fig. 2.
  • the two parts of the drill are connected along a dividing area acting as a valve for the control of the supply of drilling medium to the nozzles directed towards the center of the clear in the inner pipe.
  • Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of the joint surface 9 on the front part of the drill shaft.
  • the joint surface comprises a pair of keyhole-shaped openings 10 engaging a corresponding pair of studs 11 placed on the end surface 12 of the drill shaft (Fig. 3) cooperating with the joint or abutment surface 9.
  • the studs 11 have a head 14, which may just pass through the enlarged part 15 of the openings 10. After insertion in the openings 10, the studs are locked in the narrow part of the openings 10 by means of set screws 16. The studs 11 cannot pass the screws into the enlarged part, and the two parts of the drill are thereby safely connected.
  • the dividing area 9 furthermore comprises some holes 17 connected with ducts, which supply the inwards towards the inner of the drill directed nozzles with drilling medium. These holes 17 are placed in front of holes 18 in the end surface 12 in such a way that the holes 17 and 18 are on line in the angular position, which the two parts have, when the studs are in one end of the keyhole-shaped openings, and displaced so much in relation to each other that there is no passage, when the studs 11 are in the position defined by the set screws 16. In the position, in which the nozzles directed towards the clear are closed, the hole 18 is positioned in front of the circle 19 drawn in broken lines.
  • the opening and the closing of the passages through the two set of holes 17 and 18 are controlled by a change of the rotational direction of the drill.
  • the supply of drilling medium to the nozzles directed inwards towards the clear in the drill is blocked, and if drilling is made with this rotational direction a core of the material, in which the drill penetrates, will form in the inner of the drill.
  • This core may either be taken up together with the drill or by changing the rotational direction of the drill, whereby the radially inwards directed nozzles are provided with drilling medium, which will cut off the core, which will then under normal circumstances be shot up through the inner of the drill by means of a flow of drilling medium introduced through the ejector nozzles.
  • the method described requires when air is used as drilling medium certain precautions to ensure a safe catching of the core, which is on account of the expansion of the air shoot out of the drill pipe like a projectile.
  • the contact surface may also be elaborated in other ways.
  • the contact surface may comprise one or more cylindrical or conical sections, which can guide the two parts radially in relation to each other.
  • the contact surface When constructing the contact surface with a cylindrical section the need for keyhole-shaped openings does not exist, as the two parts may be interlocked by means of one or more radially extending pins, which are displaceable in oblong holes extending along a part of the circumphery of the other part.
  • the valve function is secured in a corresponding way through openings or recesses which are in line with one another in one of the angular positions, and which in the other position are displaced so much mutually that there is no passage between the holes.
  • passage should be allowed through some of the pairs of holes which are connected to the nozzles placed in the end wall, said nozzles ejecting approximately axially directed jets of drilling medium into the interspaces between the cutting metal bits.
  • These holes may have a suitable oblong shape which ensuring a suitable flow cross section in both positions, or they may be elaborated in such a way that the flow cross section is smallest when the remaining nozzles are blocked and the biggest pressure is available for overcoming the flow resistance.

Claims (2)

  1. Appareil de forage, en particulier pour le forage de trous préférablement en terre essentiellement composée d'alluvions glaciaires ou de roches relativement tendres, ledit appareil de forage comprenant un tuyau de forage avec une tête à forer sur le bout antérieur, le tuyau de forage étant composé de deux tuyaux (2, 3) coaxiaux formant un espacement (4), par lequel un médium de forage, tel que de l'eau ou de l'air, peut être introduit et enlevé avec la coupe du forage par l'espace libre du tuyau (3) intérieur, la tête à forer comprenant un nombre de tranchants en carbure et de buses (6) entre ceux-ci, par lesquelles le médium de forage peut couler sous pression, et de plus un nombre de buses (7) axialement orientées vers l'intérieur à une petite distance de la tête à forer et un nombre de buses (8) à éjecteur qui sont obliquement orientées vers l'intérieur dans une direction loin de la tête à forer, caractérisé en ce que le tuyau de forage comprend deux éléments coaxiaux de tuyau qui sont placés bout à bout et pivotables l'un par rapport à l'autre par un angle prédéterminé, lesdits éléments de tuyau étant pourvus de surfaces d'appui (9, 12) qui dans l'une des positions interrompent le courant de médium de forage à quelques-unes des buses et dans l'autre position laissent le passage ouvert.
  2. Appareil de forage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le courant de médium de forage dans l'une des positions est interrompu à la fois aux buses (8) à éjecteur et aux buses (7) radialement orientées.
EP92911558A 1991-05-30 1992-05-29 Appareil de forage Expired - Lifetime EP0682738B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK1028/91 1991-05-30
DK102891A DK169043B1 (da) 1991-05-30 1991-05-30 Jordbor
PCT/DK1992/000172 WO1992021849A1 (fr) 1991-05-30 1992-05-29 Appareil de forage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0682738A1 EP0682738A1 (fr) 1995-11-22
EP0682738B1 true EP0682738B1 (fr) 1997-04-23

Family

ID=8100180

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92911558A Expired - Lifetime EP0682738B1 (fr) 1991-05-30 1992-05-29 Appareil de forage

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0682738B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE152211T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU1921292A (fr)
DE (1) DE69219368T2 (fr)
DK (2) DK169043B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1992021849A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE20308281U1 (de) * 2003-04-03 2003-09-18 Braun Alfons Pneumatisches Absaugrohr zum Aufnehmen von Erdreich und Saugbagger mit einem solchen Absaugrohr
DE10319800A1 (de) * 2003-04-30 2004-11-25 Kleis, Simone Hohlbohrkrone für Kernbohrmaschinen
AU2008205690B2 (en) * 2008-08-15 2011-06-02 Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab Core drill bit
WO2014094124A1 (fr) * 2012-12-17 2014-06-26 Groupe Fordia Inc. Trépan
CN109209423A (zh) * 2018-11-06 2019-01-15 重庆交职院隧道装备技术有限公司 一种独立进水和气的钻筒
CN109209240A (zh) * 2018-11-06 2019-01-15 重庆交职院隧道装备技术有限公司 一种钻机的钻齿结构
CN114183079A (zh) * 2021-11-15 2022-03-15 河南黄河旋风股份有限公司 具备加水排渣功能的钻筒

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU467150B2 (en) * 1970-04-03 1973-01-25 United Geophysical Corp. Improvements in and relating to drilling apparatus
GB8309016D0 (en) * 1983-03-31 1983-05-11 British Ind Sand Ltd Boring head
GB8611091D0 (en) * 1986-05-07 1986-06-11 Ennis M S J Borehole drill construction

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0682738A1 (fr) 1995-11-22
DK102891D0 (da) 1991-05-30
DE69219368T2 (de) 1997-11-20
DE69219368D1 (de) 1997-05-28
DK0682738T3 (da) 1997-10-27
DK169043B1 (da) 1994-08-01
AU1921292A (en) 1993-01-08
WO1992021849A1 (fr) 1992-12-10
ATE152211T1 (de) 1997-05-15
DK102891A (da) 1992-12-01

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4185706A (en) Rock bit with cavitating jet nozzles
US4436166A (en) Downhole vortex generator and method
CA2030024C (fr) Appareil et methode de forage hydraulique
US4187921A (en) Rock bit combination to enhance cuttings removal
US4531592A (en) Jet nozzle
US5601153A (en) Rock bit nozzle diffuser
US3461983A (en) Cutting tool having hard insert in hole surrounded by hard facing
US4930586A (en) Hydraulic drilling apparatus and method
US7188682B2 (en) Multi-stage diffuser nozzle
US3958651A (en) Vacuum, vacuum-pressure, or pressure circulation bit having jet-assisted vacuum
JPS63593A (ja) 流体掘削装置および流体掘削方法
WO2004067908A1 (fr) Outil de fond multicycle a amortissement hydraulique
EP0682738B1 (fr) Appareil de forage
US5669459A (en) Nozzle retention system for rock bits
US6095261A (en) Drill bit reverse circulation apparatus and method
US5584352A (en) Pneumatic drilling chip removal system and method
CA1095502A (fr) Traduction non-disponible
JPS6157788A (ja) カツタ−アセンブリ
US4126194A (en) Rock bit with extended pickup tube
US4512420A (en) Downhole vortex generator
US3414070A (en) Jet drilling bit
US5012876A (en) Rotary drill bit providing separation of liquid from gas
JPS6043516B2 (ja) 回転ドリルビツト装置の本体構造と掘さく流体のためのノズル装置
US4154313A (en) Flow control valve for rock bits
KR100609936B1 (ko) 홀 드릴링 장치

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19931106

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IT LI LU MC NL SE

GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19960717

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IT LI LU MC NL SE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Effective date: 19970423

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 19970423

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

Effective date: 19970423

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 19970423

Ref country code: FR

Effective date: 19970423

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: THE PATENT HAS BEEN ANNULLED BY A DECISION OF A NATIONAL AUTHORITY

Effective date: 19970423

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 19970423

Ref country code: BE

Effective date: 19970423

Ref country code: AT

Effective date: 19970423

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 152211

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19970515

Kind code of ref document: T

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 69219368

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19970528

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19970529

EN Fr: translation not filed
NLV1 Nl: lapsed or annulled due to failure to fulfill the requirements of art. 29p and 29m of the patents act
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: T3

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Effective date: 19971130

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: 732E

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Payment date: 20010503

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20010518

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20010521

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20010530

Year of fee payment: 10

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: IF02

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020529

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020530

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020531

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20021203

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: EBP

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed
GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20020529