EP0681181A1 - Methode und Vorrichtung zum elektromagnetischen Testen von gebrauchten Reifen - Google Patents

Methode und Vorrichtung zum elektromagnetischen Testen von gebrauchten Reifen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0681181A1
EP0681181A1 EP95106070A EP95106070A EP0681181A1 EP 0681181 A1 EP0681181 A1 EP 0681181A1 EP 95106070 A EP95106070 A EP 95106070A EP 95106070 A EP95106070 A EP 95106070A EP 0681181 A1 EP0681181 A1 EP 0681181A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reinforcing element
tire
metallic reinforcing
value
tires
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95106070A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0681181B1 (de
Inventor
Armand Baccaud
Damien Baudrit
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pneu Laurent SNC
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Pneu Laurent SNC
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Publication date
Application filed by Pneu Laurent SNC filed Critical Pneu Laurent SNC
Publication of EP0681181A1 publication Critical patent/EP0681181A1/de
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Publication of EP0681181B1 publication Critical patent/EP0681181B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
    • G01N27/82—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C19/00—Tyre parts or constructions not otherwise provided for
    • B60C2019/005—Magnets integrated within the tyre structure

Definitions

  • the invention relates to methods for checking the condition of used tires, for example before they are retreaded. More particularly, it relates to a method of non-destructive testing of the condition of the metal reinforcing elements of these tires, and in particular of the plies of the crown.
  • the metallic reinforcing elements which are incorporated deeply into the tire, can, in particular, exhibit defects such as ruptures or oxidations. These faults are not always detected by manual and visual control conventionally carried out by an operator.
  • the subject of the invention is a method of non-destructive testing of the state of a metallic reinforcement element of used tires, easily automated and of a reduced cost compared to the previous display methods.
  • the term "metallic reinforcing element" of a tire means the metallic reinforcing plies of the crown, or all or part of the ply carcass if it is metallic, or the rods, or any other metallic reinforcing element capable of being used in a tire. To be able to be checked, this metallic reinforcing element must be made of magnetic material.
  • the relative movement between the metal reinforcing element of the tire and the conductor can be created by the rotation of the tire around its axis.
  • the relative speed of rotation between the metallic reinforcing element and the conductor is known with precision and preferably constant.
  • the control method according to the invention thus uses the fact that any variation in magnetization of the metallic reinforcing element, due in particular to breaks or oxidation of cables, induces an electromotive force in the conductor of the detection device.
  • At least one characteristic quantity of the values of the electromotive forces induced is calculated and the state of the metallic reinforcing element is determined by comparison of said characteristic quantity with at least one reference quantity.
  • the characteristic variable can advantageously be the mean square value of the electromotive forces induced.
  • the state of the metallic reinforcing element is classified as "bad" when the mean square value P of the induced electromotive forces is greater than a threshold S H.
  • the control method according to the invention thus makes it possible to detect, from before retreading operations, used tires whose condition of the metallic reinforcing element is poor and which therefore cannot be retreaded. This results in a significant gain in productivity.
  • a complementary operating mode it is possible to use, as the second characteristic quantity, a quantity N b which is a function of the dispersion of the induced electromotive forces.
  • the state of the metal layers is classified as "acceptable” when the mean square value P of the electromotive forces induced is less than a threshold S B and said state is classified as "bad” when said mean square value P is greater than a threshold S H.
  • the state of the metallic crown plies is classified as "bad” if the value N b characteristic of the dispersion of the quadratic values of the induced electromotive forces is greater than a threshold N c .
  • This second operating mode has the advantage of identifying among the tires classified as "acceptable" by the previous operating mode, those whose defects are widely distributed over all of the metallic reinforcing elements and thus cannot be repaired. .
  • the relative movement created between the metallic reinforcing element and the detection device is a rotational movement with an axis coincident with the axis of revolution of said tire and the speed of this relative displacement is known with precision and, preferably, constant.
  • the magnetization means have a fixed position relative to the detection device and comprise at least a first magnetization coil traversed by a direct electric current and at least a first polar adaptive mass, l the assembly being placed near the radially outer surface of the tire so that there is a substantially constant air gap between any point of a transverse profile of said metallic reinforcing element adjacent to said magnetization device and said first polar mass d 'adaptation.
  • the detection device comprises at least a second detection coil as conductor and at least a second polar adaptive mass such that the variations in magnetization of the metallic reinforcing element induce in the second detection coil electromotive forces , the entire detection device being offset circularly by an angle ⁇ with respect to the magnetization device relative to the axis of revolution of the tire.
  • the polar mass of adaptation of the detection device has a shape of C, the two ends of the branches of C having a geometry adapted to the transverse profile of the metallic reinforcing element and being arranged parallel to each other near the radially outer surface of the tire so that the air gap is substantially constant between any point of the transverse profiles of said metallic reinforcing element adjacent to said ends of the branches of the C, and said ends.
  • the detection device comprises a single detection coil.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show a general diagram of a non-destructive device for checking the condition of the crown plies of a used tire to be retreaded according to the invention.
  • This device comprises means for holding and rotating the tire 11 with a frame 12, an expandable mandrel 13 on which the tire 11 is put in place before inflating it and motors 10, a device 20 for magnetizing the metallic reinforcing elements, a device 30 for detecting variations in magnetization of the metallic layers and finally known digital acquisition means 40, calculation 50 and display 60.
  • the magnetization 20 and detection 30 devices are circularly offset by an angle ⁇ relative to the axis of rotation of the tire 11. This angle is of the order of 90 ° in the example described.
  • FIG. 3 shows the magnetization device 20.
  • This device comprises, in a preferred embodiment, a single coil 21 surrounding a polar adapter mass 22 made of mild steel.
  • the coil 21 comprises, for example, from 1,000 to 1,500 turns and is traversed by a direct electric current I of intensity from 1.2 to 1.5 A.
  • the polar adaptive mass 22 has an outer surface 23 which is generally adapted to the profile of the metal plies of the top of the tires 11.
  • the magnetization device 20 (see FIG. 2) is placed opposite the radially outer surface of the top of the tire 11 so that there is a relatively air gap constant between the transverse profile of the metallic plies adjacent to the device and the surface 23 of the polar adaptive mass 22.
  • the value of this air gap is such that a tire having a tread thickness close to a new tire can be tested.
  • the air gap can be of the order of 12 mm. This air gap remains substantially constant during the rotation of the tire 11.
  • the coil 21 of the magnetization device 20 can also be replaced by a permanent magnet.
  • the detection device 30 is shown in FIG. 4.
  • This device comprises, in a preferred embodiment, a single detection coil 31 and an adapter polar mass 32.
  • This adapter polar mass 32 has a general shape in C.
  • the coil 31 surrounds the central part of the C.
  • the two branches 33 and 34 of the C are curved towards one another. Their ends 35, 36 are separated by a constant distance h.
  • these ends 35 and 36 have a geometry adapted to the transverse profile of the metallic reinforcing elements of the tire 11 to be tested.
  • the detection device 30 (see FIG.
  • the detection device 30 must be sensitive to very small variations in the magnetization of the metal reinforcing elements in order to have excellent longitudinal selectivity. Consequently, a conductor 31 with a large number of turns, for example from 20,000 to 40,000 and the distance h between the two ends 35 and 36 of the mass is preferably chosen as conductor 31 where the electromotive forces are induced. adaptation polar 32 should be as low as possible. A good compromise corresponds to a value h of the order of 3 mm.
  • the speed of rotation of the tire relative to the magnetization and detection devices is preferably constant during the acquisition of the values of electromotive forces because the value of the induced electromotive forces is proportional to the speed of relative movement.
  • a variable speed drive device can also be used provided that the relative speeds are known precisely and that they are taken into account when evaluating the electromotive forces recorded.
  • a complementary operating mode it is possible to use, as the second characteristic quantity, a quantity N b which is a function of the dispersion of the induced electromotive forces.
  • N b is a characterization of the dispersion of the values of the induced electromotive forces. The lower its value, at a given value of P, the greater the dispersion of the measurements, which corresponds to more punctual faults of the metallic reinforcing elements in the longitudinal direction of the tire.
  • the state of the metallic layers can then be classified "acceptable” when the mean square value P of the electromotive forces induced is less than a threshold S B and be classified "bad” when P is greater than a threshold S H.
  • P is between the two preceding thresholds
  • the state of the metallic top layers is classified as "bad” if the value N b characteristic of the dispersion of the quadratic values of the induced electromotive forces is greater than a threshold N c .
  • This second operating mode has the advantage of identifying, among the tires whose value of P is between the two thresholds S H and S B, those whose defects are widely distributed over all of the metallic reinforcing elements and thus are not repairable, or, in any case, difficult to repair, economically speaking.
  • the non-destructive testing operation is planned before the carding operation. Consequently, it is not necessary to perform the carding operation on tires classified as "bad” by this non-destructive test, which leads to a gain in productivity.
  • Another notable advantage of the invention is that this method makes it possible to safely identify very dangerous tires because of diffuse oxidation pockets which are very difficult to spot during brushing. It is therefore a gain in quality assurance.
  • the control device according to the invention has a significantly lower cost than that of X-ray installations, and it is completely automated. This device can thus be more easily introduced into a retreading workshop.
  • the previously described detection device has only one detection coil and thus ensures a weighting of the electromotive forces induced on the transverse profile of the metal sheets.
  • this device and the control method described can be extended to the case where several detection coils are used, for example to analyze more precisely this or that part of the metal reinforcing elements.
  • the method and the device for checking the condition of the metallic reinforcing elements of used tires according to the invention are particularly useful before they are retreaded. However, they can also apply in other circumstances, such as during a technical inspection of vehicles.
EP95106070A 1994-05-04 1995-04-24 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum elektromagnetischen Testen von gebrauchten Reifen Expired - Lifetime EP0681181B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9405571A FR2719667B1 (fr) 1994-05-04 1994-05-04 Procédé et dispositif de contrôle électromagnétique de pneumatiques usagés.
FR9405571 1994-05-04

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0681181A1 true EP0681181A1 (de) 1995-11-08
EP0681181B1 EP0681181B1 (de) 2002-07-24

Family

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EP95106070A Expired - Lifetime EP0681181B1 (de) 1994-05-04 1995-04-24 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum elektromagnetischen Testen von gebrauchten Reifen

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US5559437A (de)
EP (1) EP0681181B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE221197T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69527472T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2719667B1 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0809097A1 (de) * 1996-05-25 1997-11-26 Continental Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Ermittlung von Fehlern in der Anordnung von Festigkeitsträgern aus magnetisierbarem Material in Karkassenlagen im Seitenwandbereich des Reifens
FR2940685A1 (fr) * 2008-12-31 2010-07-02 Michelin Soc Tech Dispositif de controle de fils metalliques
US9029779B2 (en) 2010-06-15 2015-05-12 Michelin Recherche Et Technique S.A. Tire surface anomaly detection
US9442093B2 (en) 2009-04-09 2016-09-13 Michelin Recherche Et Techniques S.A. Tire metallic cable anomaly detection method and apparatus

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2324155A (en) * 1997-04-09 1998-10-14 Univ Keele Method and apparatus for scanning a magnetic structure
US6973824B2 (en) * 2001-06-12 2005-12-13 Continental Aktiengesellschaft Tire status detection system
DE10157263A1 (de) * 2001-11-22 2003-05-28 Continental Ag Verfahren zur Ermittlung der Profiltiefe eines Reifens und Reifen
JP2004233331A (ja) * 2002-12-04 2004-08-19 Sumitomo Rubber Ind Ltd 車輪力検出装置及び車輪力検出方法
SE0300127D0 (sv) * 2003-01-17 2003-01-17 Imego Ab Indicator arrangement
ITTO20030776A1 (it) * 2003-10-03 2005-04-04 Fiat Ricerche Sistema per il monitoraggio del consumo di uno pneumatico.
WO2006067361A1 (en) * 2004-12-24 2006-06-29 Keele University A method and apparatus for testing the integrity of a magnetic structure
CN101614689B (zh) * 2008-06-27 2013-06-05 软控股份有限公司 轮胎针孔检测机及其检测方法
EP2580567B1 (de) 2010-06-14 2019-05-29 Compagnie Générale des Etablissements Michelin Verfahren zur vorhersage und kontrolle harmonischer komponenten von parametern für reifenuniformität
CN105092698B (zh) * 2015-09-11 2018-03-27 威海山河电气有限公司 轮胎胎体钢丝帘布无损检测装置及方法
US11175262B2 (en) * 2017-06-30 2021-11-16 Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin Method for inspection of polymeric material with ferrous reinforcement to determine presence of reinforcement joint or damage
EP3859326A1 (de) * 2020-02-03 2021-08-04 Roland Electronic GmbH System zur inspektion von flächigem gewebe mit drahtförmigen und elektrisch leitfähigen stabilisierungs- und/oder stützstrukturen mittels eines induktiven magnetfeldsensors

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3675375A (en) * 1971-03-11 1972-07-11 Goodyear Tire & Rubber Method for measuring the thickness of buffed tires
DE3418066A1 (de) * 1984-05-16 1985-11-21 Fa. Hermann Nadermann, 4100 Duisburg Korrosions-testgeraet fuer magnetisierbares stahlblech
EP0348624A2 (de) * 1988-06-28 1990-01-03 Ball Corporation Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Feststellung von schlecht geformten Wülsten an den Deckeln von Konservenbüchsen
EP0580024A1 (de) * 1992-07-15 1994-01-26 Continental Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Erkennen von Fehlstellen in Stahlcordmaterial

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US2788484A (en) * 1953-07-31 1957-04-09 Kent Moore Organization Inc Tire inspection device
US2970256A (en) * 1955-02-02 1961-01-31 Gen Motors Corp Surface irregularity detector
US3714558A (en) * 1970-09-02 1973-01-30 Anglo Amer Corp South Africa Magnetic sensor for detecting breaks in a steel rope including multiplier for eliminating noise
JPS5539622Y2 (de) * 1974-05-09 1980-09-17
US5313827A (en) * 1992-09-28 1994-05-24 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Method and apparatus for detecting ply defects in pneumatic tires

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3675375A (en) * 1971-03-11 1972-07-11 Goodyear Tire & Rubber Method for measuring the thickness of buffed tires
DE3418066A1 (de) * 1984-05-16 1985-11-21 Fa. Hermann Nadermann, 4100 Duisburg Korrosions-testgeraet fuer magnetisierbares stahlblech
EP0348624A2 (de) * 1988-06-28 1990-01-03 Ball Corporation Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Feststellung von schlecht geformten Wülsten an den Deckeln von Konservenbüchsen
EP0580024A1 (de) * 1992-07-15 1994-01-26 Continental Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Erkennen von Fehlstellen in Stahlcordmaterial

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0809097A1 (de) * 1996-05-25 1997-11-26 Continental Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Ermittlung von Fehlern in der Anordnung von Festigkeitsträgern aus magnetisierbarem Material in Karkassenlagen im Seitenwandbereich des Reifens
US6005388A (en) * 1996-05-25 1999-12-21 Continental Aktiengesellschaft Device and process for detecting defects in the disposition of reinforcing members of magnetizable material in casing plies in the sidewall region of a tire
FR2940685A1 (fr) * 2008-12-31 2010-07-02 Michelin Soc Tech Dispositif de controle de fils metalliques
WO2010076532A1 (fr) * 2008-12-31 2010-07-08 Societe De Technologie Michelin Dispositif de controle de fils metalliques
US8789410B2 (en) 2008-12-31 2014-07-29 Michelin Recherche Et Technique S.A. Device for monitoring metal wires in a tire
CN102265150B (zh) * 2008-12-31 2014-09-10 米其林集团总公司 用于监测金属线的装置及方法
US9442093B2 (en) 2009-04-09 2016-09-13 Michelin Recherche Et Techniques S.A. Tire metallic cable anomaly detection method and apparatus
US9029779B2 (en) 2010-06-15 2015-05-12 Michelin Recherche Et Technique S.A. Tire surface anomaly detection

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69527472T2 (de) 2003-02-27
US5559437A (en) 1996-09-24
FR2719667A1 (fr) 1995-11-10
DE69527472D1 (de) 2002-08-29
EP0681181B1 (de) 2002-07-24
ATE221197T1 (de) 2002-08-15
FR2719667B1 (fr) 1996-07-26

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