Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M14/00—Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials
  • D06M14/08—Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials on to materials of synthetic origin
  • D06M14/10—Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials on to materials of synthetic origin of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M14/00—Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials
  • D06M14/02—Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials on to materials of natural origin
  • D06M14/04—Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials on to materials of natural origin of vegetal origin, e.g. cellulose or derivatives thereof

Definitions

• This invention relates generally to a fiber modified with carboxyl groups and, more specifically, to a cellulose or acrylonitrile fiber to which methacrylic acid or a hydroxyalkyl methacrylate is graft-copolymerized.
• the present invention is also directed to a process for producing such a modified fiber.
• One known method of introducing carboxyl groups into a cellulose fiber includes reacting monochloroacetic acid with the cellulose fiber. Because of the introduction of carboxylic groups, the cellulose fiber thus obtained has improved hydrophilicity and is capable of absorbing basic, bad odor substances such as amines and ammonia. The known method has, however, a problem that it is difficult to homogeneously react the monochloroacetic acid with a solid, bulky mass of cellulose fibers because the reaction is exothermic.
• An acrylonitrile fiber has properties similar to wool but has a defect that the moisture or damp absorbing power is poor. No effective method is however known to impart hydrophilicity to the acrylonitrile fiber.
• a method is known in which a vinyl monomer having an acidic group is graft-copolymerized to a polyester or polyamide fiber using an organic peroxide such as benzoyl peroxide.
• a modified fiber comprising a substrate fiber selected from the group consisting of cellulose fibers and acrylonitrile-series fibers, and a graft comonomer graft-copolymerized to said substrate fiber in an amount of 3-60 % by weight based on the weight of said substrate fiber, said graft comonomer being at least one member selected from the group consisting of methacrylic acid and hydroxyalkyl methacrylates.
• the present invention provides a process for the production of a modified fiber comprising graft-copolymerizing a graft comonomer to a substrate fiber in an aqueous medium containing hydrogen peroxide and a source of ferrous ion, said substrate fiber being selected from the group consisting of cellulose fibers and acrylonitrile-series fibers, and said graft comonomer being at least one member selected from the group consisting of methacrylic acid and hydroxyalkyl methacrylates.
• the substrate fiber used in the present invention which is selected from cellulose fibers and acrylonitrile-series fibers, may be any desired form such as a yarn, a cotton, a woven or non-woven fabric, a filament or a tow. If desired, the substrate fiber may be used in combination with another fiber.
• the cellulose fiber may be, for example, cotton or hemp.
• acrylonitrile-series fiber used in the present specification and claims is intended to refer to a fiber formed of a homopolymer acrylonitrile or a copolymer of acrylonitrile with a vinyl comonomer.
• Examples of the vinyl comonomers include methyl acrylate, vinyl acetate, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, methylvinylpyridine, styrenesulfonic acid and mixtures thereof.
• the copolymer of acrylonitrile with the vinyl comonomer generally has a content of the acrylonitrile of at least 20 % by weight, preferably 35-90 % by weight.
• the substrate fiber is graft-copolymerized and linked a graft comonomer in an amount of 3-60 % by weight based on the weight of the substrate fiber.
• the graft comonomer is selected from acrylic acid and hydroxyalkyl methacrylates such as 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate.
• the graft comonomer is preferably methacrylic acid and is graft-copolymerized thereto in an amount of preferably 5-30 % by weight, more preferably 7-15 % by weight.
• the graft comonomer is preferably copolymerized in an amount of 5-40 % by weight.
• the modified fiber according to the present invention may be prepared by graft-copolymerizing the graft comonomer to the substrate fiber in an aqueous medium containing hydrogen peroxide and a source of ferrous ion.
• the ferrous ions source is preferably a ferrous salt such as ferrous sulfate, ferrous chloride, ammonium ferrous sulfate or ferrous nitrate.
• the ferrous in salt is preferably present in the aqueous medium in an amount providing a ferrous ion concentration of 0.5-5 mmol/liter, more preferably 1.0-2.5 mmol/liter when the substrate fiber is a cellulose fiber and 0.7-1.6 mmol/liter when the substrate fiber is an acrylonitrile-series fiber.
• the concentration of the hydrogen peroxide in the aqueous medium is preferably 0.01-0.1 mol/liter, more preferably 0.02-0.05 mol/liter when the substrate fiber is a cellulose fiber and 0.03-0.06 mol/liter when the substrate fiber is an acrylonitrile-series fiber.
• the hydrogen peroxide and the ferrous ion source together serve to accelerate the graft copolymerization.
• the aqueous medium may contain an acid in an amount of 2-4 mmol/liter, preferably 2.5-3.5 mmol/liter, if desired.
• the acid serves to enhance the grafting rate of the graft comonomer.
• suitable acids include sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid and formic acid.
• the aqueous medium may further contain a sequestering agent such as EDTA, NTA or a phosphoric acid-type or sulfonic acid-type agent.
• the graft comonomer is generally used in an amount of 5-100 parts by weight, preferably 10-60 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the substrate fiber and wherein the weight ratio of said aqueous medium to said substrate fiber is generally 5:1 to 50:1, preferably 5:1 to 20:1 when the substrate fiber is a cellulose fiber and 5:1 to 15:1 when the substrate fiber is an acrylonitrile-series fiber.
• the graft copolymerization is generally performed at a temperature and for a period of time so that the graft monomer is grafted to the substrate fiber in an amount of 3-60 % by weight based on the weight of the substrate fiber.
• the graft degree (weight percentage of the grafted comonomer based on the weight of the substrate fiber) is 5-30 % by weight, more preferably 7-15 % by weight, when a cellulose fiber is used as the substrate fiber.
• the graft degree is preferably 3-60 % by weight, more preferably 5-40 % by weight, when a methacrylonitrile-series fiber is used as the substrate fiber.
• the graft copolymerization is generally performed at a temperature of 40°-110°C for 30-240 minutes.
• the graft copolymerization is preferably performed at 40°-100°C for 60-240 minutes, more preferably 40°-80°C for 90-180 minutes.
• the graft copolymerization is preferably performed at 70°-110°C for 30-180 minutes, more preferably 90°-100°C for 60-90 minutes.
• the carboxyl groups (-COOH) introduced into the substrate fiber by graft copolymerization of the graft comonomer may be converted into -COOM (M represents a cation) by reaction with a salt-forming cation.
• the cation may be, for example, sodium ion, calcium ion, ferrous ion, cupric ion, zinc ion, manganese ion, silver ion, quaternary ammonium ion or quaternary organic amine ion.
• the process according to the present invention uses a ferrous salt in a very small amount. Therefore, the modified fibers is not discolored and no specific step for the removal of the ferrous salt is required. Further, the reaction conditions for the modification treatment may be easily controlled so that the graft copolymerization can be homogeneously performed.
• the modified fibers of the present invention have improved hydrophilicity and serve to function as a good adsorbent not only for basic, bad odor substances such as ammonia and amines, but also for metal ions.
• Example 2 was repeated in the same manner as described except that hemp (ramie fiber) was used in lieu of the rayon staple.
• the modified hemp had a graft degree of 8.7 %.
• Example 6 was repeated in the same manner as described except that modacrylic fibers (Kanebo Acryl VE1 manufactured by Kanebo Co., Ltd.) was substituted for Toraylon.
• the modified acrylic fibers thus obtained had a graft degree of 8.1 %.
• Example 4 was repeated in the same manner as described except that 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate was substituted for methacrylic acid.
• the modified acrylic fibers thus obtained had a graft degree of 9.3 %.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

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Cited By (2)

Citations (6)

• 1994
  • 1994-04-29 EP EP19940303133 patent/EP0681053B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1994-04-29 DE DE69428980T patent/DE69428980D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime

Patent Citations (6)

Non-Patent Citations (2)

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