EP0678117B1 - Block copolymers as foam regulators in washing or cleaning agents - Google Patents

Block copolymers as foam regulators in washing or cleaning agents Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0678117B1
EP0678117B1 EP94904187A EP94904187A EP0678117B1 EP 0678117 B1 EP0678117 B1 EP 0678117B1 EP 94904187 A EP94904187 A EP 94904187A EP 94904187 A EP94904187 A EP 94904187A EP 0678117 B1 EP0678117 B1 EP 0678117B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weight
foam
block copolymer
glycol
polyethylene glycol
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94904187A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0678117A1 (en
Inventor
Thomas Möller
Herbert Fischer
Winfried Emmerling
Ulrich Eicken
Christian Block
Wolfgang Seiter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Henkel AG and Co KGaA
Original Assignee
Henkel AG and Co KGaA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Henkel AG and Co KGaA filed Critical Henkel AG and Co KGaA
Publication of EP0678117A1 publication Critical patent/EP0678117A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0678117B1 publication Critical patent/EP0678117B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D17/00Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
    • C11D17/0034Fixed on a solid conventional detergent ingredient
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/0005Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
    • C11D3/0026Low foaming or foam regulating compositions
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16Organic compounds
    • C11D3/37Polymers
    • C11D3/3703Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C11D3/3715Polyesters or polycarbonates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16Organic compounds
    • C11D3/37Polymers
    • C11D3/3703Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C11D3/3726Polyurethanes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the use of block copolymers containing propylene glycol ether and optionally ethylene glycol ether units as foam regulators in detergents and / or cleaning agents containing surfactants, a pourable and free-flowing, particulate foam inhibitor, comprising water-soluble or water-dispersible carrier material and block copolymer adsorbed thereon, and processes for producing such Block copolymers as well as such particulate foam inhibitors.
  • polysiloxanes are known to be comparatively complex to produce with a known good defoaming action and have the disadvantage that they are often perceived as completely unsatisfactory in their biodegradability, especially in recent times.
  • Silicone-free foam regulators are also known.
  • European Patent EP 87 233 describes a process for producing a low-foaming detergent in which mixtures of an oily or waxy substance and bisamides are applied to a carrier powder, in particular a spray-dried detergent containing surfactants.
  • the oily or waxy substance can consist, for example, of petroleum jelly with a melting point of 20 ° C to 120 ° C.
  • foam control component In this type of packaging, namely the spraying of the agent onto the spray-dried detergent-containing detergent, there is Risk that the manufacturing process will adversely affect the shelf life of the foam control component, with the result that its activity will decrease with increasing storage time.
  • further foam inhibitors are often added to these defoamers, in particular the known polysiloxanes or polysiloxane / silica mixtures.
  • Further foam-regulated detergents are known from European patents EP 75 433 and EP 94 250.
  • foam control agents described there also contain silicones and are out of the question for the reasons mentioned.
  • German published patent application DT 28 57 155 discloses detergents with a foam regulating agent which contains hydrophobic silicon dioxide and a mixture of solid and liquid hydrocarbons, optionally in a mixture with fatty acid esters. Due to the high content of hydrocarbon which is liquid at room temperature, from 22.5% by weight to about 98% by weight, there is a risk of clumping in such foam regulating agents.
  • Foam control agents containing paraffin wax mixtures and hydrophobized silica, optionally in combination with branched-chain alcohols, are known from German published patent application DE 34 00 008.
  • Powdered defoamers which contain a liquid mixture of higher molecular weight, branched-chain alcohols with hydrophobized silica in combination with a water-insoluble wax on a water-soluble, powdery carrier, are known from German published patent application DE 31 15 644.
  • European patent application EP 309 931 foam regulating agents were described which contain a relatively complex mixture of paraffin wax and microcrystalline paraffin wax.
  • the task was therefore to provide a silicone-free foam regulator, which is effective in aqueous washing and cleaning liquors, packaged in the form of a free-flowing foam regulating agent can and used in detergents and cleaning agents unfolds its effect over a wide temperature range, that is in the cold wash range, at medium wash temperatures and also in the hot wash range suppresses a disruptive foam development. Furthermore, both the foam regulator and the foam regulating agent containing it should remain stable in storage and effect in a mixture with conventional detergent or cleaning agent components and should not have any adverse effects on the material to be treated and the environment.
  • the invention thus relates to the use of block copolymers containing glycol ether units, which can be obtained by reacting polypropylene glycol with a molecular weight in the range from 1000 to 8000 and optionally polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight in the range from 200 to 20,000 with diisocyanates and / or dicarboxylic acids each with 2 to 44 carbon atoms, in the case of dicarboxylic acids a molar ratio of hydroxyl groups to carbonyl groups of 1: 1 to 1.9: 1 being present as foam regulators in detergents and / or cleaning agents containing surfactants.
  • Block copolymers are preferably used which, by reacting diisocyanate with the glycol or the glycols, in a molar ratio of hydroxyl groups to carbonyl groups of from 1: 2 to 2: 1, in particular from 1: 1 to 2: 1 and particularly preferably from 1.1: 1 to 1.9: 1 are available.
  • block copolymers are used which can be obtained by reacting diisocyanate and / or dicarboxylic acid with a mixture of polypropylene glycol and polyethylene glycol in which the molar ratio of polyethylene glycol to polypropylene glycol up to 1: 1, in particular from 0.1: 1 to 0.9: 1.
  • the molar ratio can, however, also be significantly above 1: 1.
  • Such block copolymers contain the blocks ([-C 3 H 6 O] a -X) n - and ([-C 2 H 4 O] b -X) o -, in which the numbers a and b are derived from the molecular weights of the polypropylene glycol or polyethylene glycol and in the case of degree of ethoxylation b can also be 0, X is a bisacyl or bisurethane group, n is a number greater than 0 and o is a number of at least 0.
  • the number of these blocks in the polymer, the molecular ratio of the blocks to one another and the sizes n and o form a complex system which is difficult to illustrate in a general formula.
  • Another object of the invention is a granular, free-flowing foam regulating agent which adsorbs 0.5% by weight to 30% by weight of a block copolymer to be used according to the invention to 70% by weight to 99.5% by weight of a granular , contains essentially inorganic phosphate-free carrier material.
  • the block copolymers to be used according to the invention are substances with ester and / or urethane groups, which can be obtained by reacting polypropylene glycols, optionally in a mixture with polyethylene glycols, with diisocyanates and / or dicarboxylic acids. These are preferably compounds which, by reacting 1 mol equivalent of diisocyanate and / or dicarboxylic acid with 1 mol equivalent to 2 mol equivalents, in particular 1.1 mol equivalents to 1.9 mol equivalents, of polypropylene glycol and up to 1 mol equivalent, in particular 0.05 mol equivalent to 0 , 9 mole equivalents of polyethylene glycol are available.
  • urethane block copolymers are those which can be obtained by reacting the glycols with diisocyanates in OH: NCO molar ratios of 1: 1 to 1.5: 1.
  • the molar ratio of polypropylene glycol to polyethylene glycol is preferably 0.1: 1 to 0.9: 1, in particular 0.2: 1 to 0.8: 1.
  • Polyethylene glycol preferably has a molecular weight from 500 to 15,000 and polypropylene glycol preferably a molecular weight of 1000 to 2000.
  • polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol in the stated ratio, in which at least part, in particular not more than 90 mol% and particularly preferably 5 mol% to 50 mol%, of the polypropylene glycol and / or the polyethylene glycol is replaced by longer-chain aliphatic vicinal diols with 10 to 20 C atoms, in particular 12 to 18 C atoms, and / or a, w-diols with 3 to 22 C atoms.
  • X represents a bisacyl or a bisurethane grouping, as is obtained by formal condensation with two molar equivalents of an alcohol from a dicarboxylic acid or by formal addition of two molar equivalents of an alcohol from a diisocyanate.
  • the bisacyl groups contain a total of 2 to 44, preferably 2 to 12, carbon atoms which can be arranged between the acyl or isocyanate ends as an alkylene, alkenylene or arylene group.
  • the formal derivatives of linear ⁇ , w-dicarboxylic acids and of double-carboxyl-substituted aromatics are particularly preferred.
  • ester derivatives of oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, brassylic acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid and mixtures thereof are therefore particularly useful.
  • Block copolymers which are particularly useful according to the invention, in which X denotes a bisurethane group, are, in addition to the optionally alkyl-substituted alkylene diisocyanates, for example trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, that of isophorone diisocyanate, ortho-, meta- and para-phenylene diisocyanate, the methylene diphenyl diisocyanates, the methylene dicyclohexyl diisocyanate diisocyanate diisocyanate diisocyanate diisocyanate, and the tetramethylxylylene diisocyanates and their mixtures of derivable compounds.
  • alkyl-substituted alkylene diisocyanates for example trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, that of isophorone diisocyanate, ortho-, meta- and para-phenylene diisocyanate, the methylene diphenyl diisocyanates, the m
  • reaction products obtainable by reaction of the diisocyanates or dicarboxylic acids mentioned with the diols mentioned in molar ratios of about 2: 1 or isocyanate group-terminated or carboxylic acid group-terminated reaction products are also useful. Because of their excellent defoamer performance, the block copolymers which can be derived from 2,4- or 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate are particularly preferred.
  • Hydroxyl group-terminated compounds of the abovementioned type can also be reacted in a manner known in principle with monocarboxylic acids having 1 to 22 carbon atoms, in particular fatty acids with 12 to 20 carbon atoms, or their reactive derivatives, for example acid chlorides, anhydrides or methyl or ethyl esters, and so at least partially end groups are closed.
  • monocarboxylic acids having 1 to 22 carbon atoms, in particular fatty acids with 12 to 20 carbon atoms, or their reactive derivatives, for example acid chlorides, anhydrides or methyl or ethyl esters, and so at least partially end groups are closed.
  • the defoaming performance of such compounds is also excellent.
  • the polymers to be used according to the invention are preferably prepared by reacting polypropylene glycols and, if appropriate, polyethylene glycols with difunctional isocyanates or difunctional carboxylic acids or reactive carboxylic acid derivatives, for example anhydrides or acid chlorides, in the abovementioned molar ratios, if desired with the addition of acidic catalysts, at temperatures from 20.degree 140 ° C and, if desired, in a solvent inert under the reaction conditions. It is also possible to use the lower alkyl esters of carboxylic acids, especially their methyl or ethyl esters, under preferably acidic transesterification conditions.
  • block copolymers to be used according to the invention which contain both polyethylene and polypropylene groupings, it is also possible to react previously prepared polyethoxylated polypropylene glycols with the difunctional compounds mentioned.
  • the production of certain polyglycol esters is described, for example, in US Pat. No. 2,950,310.
  • reaction with monocarboxylic acids or their reactive derivatives can then take place, so that end-capped products are formed.
  • the use according to the invention can be achieved in its simplest form by adding a block copolymer as described above to a washing or cleaning liquor in bulk without this addition, which tends to cause undesirable strong foaming, dissolved in a preferably water-miscible organic solvent or in aqueous suspension.
  • the block copolymers to be used according to the invention are preferably in In the form of granular, free-flowing foam regulators, which contain the block copolymers mentioned.
  • the phosphate-free carrier material for converting the block copolymers to be used according to the invention into a free-flowing foam regulating agent which is particularly suitable for use in powdered detergents and cleaning agents, has a granular structure and consists of water-soluble or water-dispersible compounds, primarily of inorganic and optionally additional organic salts, which are suitable for use in detergents and cleaning agents.
  • organic carrier materials such as starch or cellulose and customary neutral salts, for example alkali sulfates or alkali chlorides, in particular customary washing alkalis, for example alkali carbonates or silicates, inorganic builder substances, for example aluminosilicates, layered silicates, for example bentonites, and inorganic bleaches based on oxygen, for example - alkali perborates percarbonates, the latter bleaching agents in particular being preferred in one embodiment of the foam regulating agent according to the invention as carrier material or constituent of the carrier material.
  • customary neutral salts for example alkali sulfates or alkali chlorides
  • customary washing alkalis for example alkali carbonates or silicates
  • inorganic builder substances for example aluminosilicates, layered silicates, for example bentonites
  • inorganic bleaches based on oxygen for example - alkali perborates percarbonates, the latter bleaching agents in particular being preferred in one embodiment of
  • organic carrier materials preferably not containing more than 20% by weight, in particular in amounts of 2% by weight to 15% by weight, based in each case on the total carrier material are.
  • the carrier material preferably contains both alkali carbonate and alkali silicate.
  • the carrier material preferably contains 1% by weight to 50% by weight of alkali carbonate, up to 70% by weight of alkali sulfate, up to 50% by weight of alkali alumosilicate and 10% by weight to 50% by weight of alkali silicate , but can additionally contain other water-soluble or water-insoluble, water-dispersible substances.
  • the materials which can additionally be used include, in particular, alkali metal chlorides and layered silicates, for example bentonite.
  • the alkali silicate is preferably a compound with a molar ratio of alkali oxide to SiO 2 of 1: 1.5 to 1: 3.5.
  • Foam control agents that can be used for aluminosilicates include, in particular, the zeolites, for example zeolite NaA and NaX.
  • Examples of possible organic components of the carrier material are starch, acetates, tartrates, citrates, succinates, carboxymethylsuccinates and the alkali metal salts of aminopolycarboxylic acids, such as NTA or EDTA, hydroxyalkane phosphonates and aminoalkane polyphosphonates, such as 1-hydroxyethane1,1-diphosphonate phosphonate aminophthalonate and ethylenediophosphonate pentamphonate amine.
  • Water-soluble salts of polymeric or copolymeric carboxylic acids for example polyacrylates and copolymers of acrylic acid and maleic acid, can also be used.
  • the preferred alkali metal in the alkali salts mentioned is sodium in all cases.
  • the carrier material can also contain, as an organic component, film-forming polymers, for example polyethylene glycols, polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinylpyrrolidones and cellulose derivatives.
  • film-forming polymers for example polyethylene glycols, polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinylpyrrolidones and cellulose derivatives.
  • Usable cellulose ethers are, in particular, alkali carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose and so-called cellulose mixed ethers, such as, for example, methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose and methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose, and mixtures thereof.
  • the carboxymethyl cellulose usually having a degree of substitution of 0.5 to 0.8 carboxymethyl groups per anhydroglucose unit and the methyl cellulose having a degree of substitution of 1.2 to 2 methyl groups per anhydroglucose unit.
  • the mixtures preferably contain alkali carboxymethyl cellulose and nonionic cellulose ethers in weight ratios from 80:20 to 40:60, in particular from 75:25 to 50:50.
  • Such cellulose ether mixtures can be used in solid form or as aqueous solutions, which can be pre-swollen in the usual way.
  • the foam regulating agents according to the invention can, preferably not more than 10 wt .-% and in particular from 0.5 wt .-% to 3.5 wt .-%, surfactant.
  • Surfactants are to be understood as meaning surface-active compounds with a hydrophobic part of the molecule and hydrophilic anionic, ampholytic, zwitterionic, cationic and nonionic groups which, in aqueous solution or dispersion, have a cleaning or emulsifying effect Make an impact.
  • Surfactants are usually the foam-causing components of washing and cleaning liquors. It is all the more surprising that these foaming constituents can be contained in the foam regulating agents according to the invention without the effectiveness of the agents being impaired.
  • the hydrophobic molecular part of surfactants generally consists of a hydrocarbon radical or a substituted hydrocarbon radical or a polyglycol ether radical which is poorly soluble in water, for example a polypropylene glycol or polybutylene glycol ether radical.
  • the foam control agents according to the invention preferably contain synthetic anionic surfactants of the sulfate or sulfonate type, in particular alkylbenzenesulfonates and / or alkyl sulfates, because these enable particularly good dispersion of the block copolymers in the course of the preparation of the foam control agents described below via aqueous dispersions of the block copolymers.
  • a foam regulating agent according to the invention can be produced by applying the liquid block copolymer, optionally heated to room temperature, to the granular carrier material, for example by successive admixing, in particular as a spray, to the carrier material.
  • the carrier grain which can be produced in the customary manner by granulation or by spray drying an aqueous slurry of the carrier materials, is kept in motion by mixing elements or by fluidization in order to ensure a uniform loading of the carrier material.
  • the spray mixers used for this can be operated continuously or discontinuously.
  • an aqueous dispersion of the block copolymer to be used according to the invention which preferably contains a film-forming polymer and / or surfactant listed above as a dispersion aid.
  • a dispersion aid e.g., a film-forming polymer and / or surfactant listed above.
  • the foam regulating agent is produced by dissolving or slurrying the carrier materials in water, dispersing the block copolymer to be used according to the invention therein and then spray-drying this slurry.
  • a water-soluble dispersion stabilizer in the form of a surfactant and / or water-swellable polymers is preferably added to the dispersion since the block copolymers to be used according to the invention are generally insoluble or only slightly soluble in the aqueous slurry.
  • water-swellable polymers examples include the cellulose ethers mentioned, homo- and copolymers of unsaturated carboxylic acids, such as acrylic acid, maleic acid and copolymerizable vinyl compounds, such as vinyl ether, acrylamide and ethylene.
  • the addition of such compounds which act as dispersion stabilizers in the aqueous slurry is preferably not more than 5% by weight, in particular 1% to 3% by weight, based on the foam regulating agent formed.
  • the water content of the slurry can be 30% to 60% by weight, depending on the type or solubility of the carrier material.
  • the spray drying of the dispersion can be carried out in a known manner in systems provided for this purpose, so-called spray towers, using hot drying gases conducted in cocurrent or countercurrent.
  • a foam regulating agent according to the invention preferably consists of particles with particle sizes not more than 2 mm, in particular from 0.1 mm to 1.6 mm. It preferably has a bulk density in the range from 300 grams per liter to 1100 grams per liter, in particular from 450 grams per liter to 900 grams per liter. It is preferably used for the production of powdered detergents or cleaning agents, a further advantage of the foam regulating agents according to the invention being their small amount required with good defoamer performance.
  • polyethylene glycols PEG, the number given means the molecular weight
  • polypropylene glycols PPG, the number given means the molecular weight
  • diisocyanates listed in Tables 2 to 5 below were converted to the block-copolymeric urethanes U1 to U20 .
  • the parts by weight used for the polyglycols are given in the tables; for the diisocyanate component, this is the equivalent weight ratio with regard to the alcohol components (ratio OH: NCO).
  • the defoamer performance of block copolymers according to Example 1 was determined using the free-fall cycle method.
  • Table 6 shows the times (in seconds) until 1000 ml of foam build up. The longer these times are the better the foam-regulating effect of the block copolymer. It was largely irrelevant whether the block copolymers were absorbed in bulk or on carrier materials (sodium carbonate, zeolite Na-A, starch, partially hydrolyzed starch and a sodium sulfate / sodium carbonate / sodium silicate / carboxymethyl cellulose / methyl cellulose combination were used).
  • Table 7 shows the amounts of foam (in ml) formed in the free-fall cycle method described above as a function of time. Block copolymers in concentrations of 0.5% by weight were used in the liquor. Table 7: Foam amounts [ml] Block copolymer (0.5% by weight) Amount of foam after 10 min 15 minutes 25 min - 1480 1450 1580 U3 720 720 780 U6 740 800 900 U7 700 780 1120 U8 980 1120 920 U9 1160 1360 1280 U10 860 980 1540 U11 940 940 980 U12 720 740 760 U13 780 860 920 U14 740 820 1380 U17 720 760 1000 U18 940 920 880 U20 1020 1000 980
  • Granular foam control agents were obtained by simply mixing in each case 1% by weight of part of the block copolymers E1 , E2 and U1 to U20 with 10% by weight of powdered sodium sulfate. This was incorporated into foam detergent-free universal detergent formulations and, under conditions of use in a household washing machine at concentrations of 1% by weight to 4% by weight, based on the total detergent, defoamer performance comparable to that of a commercially available silicone foam inhibitor (used with the same weight based on active substance) in no way inferior.
  • An alkaline cleaning agent for metal sheets in the automotive industry consisting of 18% by weight borax, 32% by weight sodium phosphate, 25% by weight sodium silicate, 15% by weight of sodium hydroxide, 9% by weight of nonionic surfactant and 1% by weight of block copolymer U11 was tested in an intensive foam test according to Götte.
  • the procedure was such that the test solution (concentration 0.3% by weight) in the presence of a foaming agent (concentration 0.03% by weight) made of mineral oil, alkylbenzenesulfonate, fatty acid and polyethylene glycol was placed in a cylindrical vessel with a rotating spray arm pumped around and sprayed.
  • the amount of foam formed was read off after the times given below (switch off the pump, the foam height is the distance between the foam surface and the liquid surface).
  • the value for the foam regulator-free agent was set as 1. After a pumping and spraying time of 30 minutes, the foam height when using the foam regulator-containing agent was 0.5 units, after 3.5 hours 0.4 units.
  • the foam regulator used according to the invention has not been found to have a negative influence on the ability to be painted over with customary automotive paints or the cleaning effect of the agent.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns foam regulators for use in surfactant-containing washing and cleaning agents, the aim of the invention being to improve the ease of processing of the foam regulators to free-flowing, silicon-free agents and to improve their effectiveness over a wide temperature range, both the foam-breaking system and the agent containing it maintaining their effectiveness and shelf life in mixtures with the usual ingredients of washing agents and having no adverse effects on the materials to be cleaned or on the environment. This is achieved essentially by the use, as foam regulators in the surfactant-containing washing and/or cleaning agents, of block copolymers containing glycol ether units, the block copolymers being obtained by reacting polypropylene glycol with a molecular weight in the range 1,000 to 8,000 and optionally polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight in the range 200 to 20,000 with diisocyanates and/or dicarboxylic acids having 2 to 44 C-atoms.

Description

"Blockcopolymere als Schaumregulatoren in Wasch- oder Reinigungsmitteln""Block copolymers as foam regulators in detergents or cleaning agents"

Die Erfindung betrifft die Verwendung von Propylenglykolether- und gegebenenfalls Ethylenglykolether-Einheiten enthaltenden Blockcopolymeren als Schaumregulatoren in tensidhaltigen Wasch- und/oder Reinigungsmitteln, ein schütt- und rieselfähiges, partikelförmiges Schauminhibierungsmittel, enthaltend wasserlösliches oder wasserdispergierbares Trägermaterial und daran adsorbiertes Blockcopolymer, sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung derartiger Blockcopolymere als auch derartiger partikelförmiger Schauminhibierungsmittel.The invention relates to the use of block copolymers containing propylene glycol ether and optionally ethylene glycol ether units as foam regulators in detergents and / or cleaning agents containing surfactants, a pourable and free-flowing, particulate foam inhibitor, comprising water-soluble or water-dispersible carrier material and block copolymer adsorbed thereon, and processes for producing such Block copolymers as well as such particulate foam inhibitors.

In wäßrigen Reinigungsflotten, wie sie bei der üblichen Waschbehandlung in Waschmaschinen, insbesondere in Haushaltstrommelwaschmaschinen, auftreten, ist die Regulierung der Schaumentwicklung unerläßlich, da sowohl zu starkes Schäumen als auch das völlige Fehlen von Schaum dem gewünschten Wascherfolg nicht zuträglich ist. Es fehlt daher nicht an Vorschlägen zur Lösung des Problems der übermäßigen Schaumentwicklung von Waschmitteln. Bisher sind die Silikon-Entschäumungsmittel, die aus in der Regel flüssigen Polysiloxanen mit Alkyl- oder Arylsubstituenten und feinteiliger Kieselsäure bestehen, bezogen auf die benötigte Einsatzmenge, als wirksamste Schaumregulatoren bekannt geworden. Polysiloxane sind jedoch bei bekannt guter Entschäumerwirkung vergleichsweise aufwendig in der Herstellung und besitzen den Nachteil, daß sie insbesondere in neuerer Zeit oft als in ihrer biologischen Abbaubarkeit nicht völlig befriedigend empfunden werden. Auch silikonfreie Schaumregulierungsmittel sind bekannt. So wird zum Beispiel in der europäischen Patentschrift EP 87 233 ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines schwachschäumenden Waschmittels beschrieben, bei dem Gemische aus einer öligen beziehungsweise wachsartigen Substanz und Bisamiden auf ein Trägerpulver, insbesondere ein sprühgetrocknetes tensidhaltiges Waschmittel aufgetragen werden. Die ölige beziehungsweise wachsartige Substanz kann zum Beispiel aus Vaseline mit einem Schmelzpunkt von 20 °C bis 120 °C bestehen. Bei dieser Art der Konfektionierung, nämlich dem Aufsprühen des Mittels auf das sprühgetrocknete, tensidhaltige Waschmittel besteht die Gefahr, daß sich das Herstellungsverfahren nachteilig auf die Lagerbeständigkeit der Schaumregulierungskomponente auswirkt mit dem Ergebnis, daß deren Aktivität mit zunehmender Lagerzeit abnimmt. Um ihre Wirkung zu steigern und gleichzeitig die erforderliche Anwendungskonzentration herabzusetzen, werden diesen Entschäumern häufig weitere Schauminhibitoren zugesetzt, insbesondere die bekannten Polysiloxane oder Polysiloxan-Kieselsäure-Gemische. Weitere schaumregulierte Waschmittel sind aus den europäischen Patentschriften EP 75 433 und EP 94 250 bekannt. Dort beschriebene Schaumregulierungsmittel enthalten jedoch ebenfalls Silikone und kommen aus den genannten Gründen nicht in Betracht. Aus der deutschen Offenlegungsschrift DT 28 57 155 sind Waschmittel mit einem Schaumregulierungsmittel bekannt, das hydrophobes Siliziumdioxid und ein Gemisch aus festen und flüssigen Kohlenwasserstoffen, gegebenenfalls im Gemisch mit Fettsäureestern, enthält. Durch den hohen Gehalt an bei Raumtemperatur flüssigem Kohlenwasserstoff von 22,5 Gew.-% bis etwa 98 Gew.-% besteht bei derartigen Schaumregulierungsmitteln die Gefahr des Verklumpens. Aus der deutschen Offenlegungsschrift DE 34 00 008 sind Schaumregulierungsmittel, enthaltend Paraffinwachsgemische und hydrophobierte Kieselsäure, gegebenenfalls in Kombination mit verzweigtkettigen Alkoholen, bekannt. Pulverförmige Entschäumer, die ein flüssiges Gemisch aus höhermolekularen, verzweigtkettigen Alkoholen mit hydrophobierter Kieselsäure in Kombination mit einem wasserunlöslichen Wachs an einem wasserlöslichen, pulverförmigen Träger enthalten, sind aus der deutschen Offenlegungsschrift DE 31 15 644 bekannt. In der europäischen Patentanmeldung EP 309 931 wurden Schaumregulierungsmittel beschrieben, welche ein relativ aufwendiges Gemisch aus Paraffinwachs und mikrokristallinem Paraffinwachs enthalten.In aqueous cleaning liquors, such as occur in the usual washing treatment in washing machines, in particular in household drum washing machines, the regulation of the development of foam is essential, since both too much foaming and the complete absence of foam are not conducive to the desired washing success. There is therefore no lack of proposals to solve the problem of excessive foaming of detergents. So far, the silicone defoamers, which consist of generally liquid polysiloxanes with alkyl or aryl substituents and finely divided silica, have become known as the most effective foam regulators, based on the amount used. However, polysiloxanes are known to be comparatively complex to produce with a known good defoaming action and have the disadvantage that they are often perceived as completely unsatisfactory in their biodegradability, especially in recent times. Silicone-free foam regulators are also known. For example, European Patent EP 87 233 describes a process for producing a low-foaming detergent in which mixtures of an oily or waxy substance and bisamides are applied to a carrier powder, in particular a spray-dried detergent containing surfactants. The oily or waxy substance can consist, for example, of petroleum jelly with a melting point of 20 ° C to 120 ° C. In this type of packaging, namely the spraying of the agent onto the spray-dried detergent-containing detergent, there is Risk that the manufacturing process will adversely affect the shelf life of the foam control component, with the result that its activity will decrease with increasing storage time. In order to increase their effectiveness and at the same time reduce the required application concentration, further foam inhibitors are often added to these defoamers, in particular the known polysiloxanes or polysiloxane / silica mixtures. Further foam-regulated detergents are known from European patents EP 75 433 and EP 94 250. However, foam control agents described there also contain silicones and are out of the question for the reasons mentioned. The German published patent application DT 28 57 155 discloses detergents with a foam regulating agent which contains hydrophobic silicon dioxide and a mixture of solid and liquid hydrocarbons, optionally in a mixture with fatty acid esters. Due to the high content of hydrocarbon which is liquid at room temperature, from 22.5% by weight to about 98% by weight, there is a risk of clumping in such foam regulating agents. Foam control agents containing paraffin wax mixtures and hydrophobized silica, optionally in combination with branched-chain alcohols, are known from German published patent application DE 34 00 008. Powdered defoamers, which contain a liquid mixture of higher molecular weight, branched-chain alcohols with hydrophobized silica in combination with a water-insoluble wax on a water-soluble, powdery carrier, are known from German published patent application DE 31 15 644. In European patent application EP 309 931, foam regulating agents were described which contain a relatively complex mixture of paraffin wax and microcrystalline paraffin wax.

Alle derartigen Mittel weisen bei der in neuerer Zeit immer mehr Bedeutung gewinnenden maschinellen Wäsche im Niedrigtemperaturbereich in manchen Fällen eine als unzureichend empfundene Entschäumerleistung auf und lassen sich nicht immer befriedigend lagerstabil in pulverförmige Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittel einarbeiten.In the case of machine washing in the low-temperature range, which is becoming increasingly important in recent times, all such agents in some cases have a defoamer performance which is perceived as inadequate and cannot always be incorporated satisfactorily in a stable manner in powdered washing or cleaning agents.

Die Aufgabe bestand demnach in der Bereitstellung eines silikonfreien Schaumregulators, der in wäßrigen Wasch- und Reinigungsflotten wirksam ist, sich in Form eines rieselfähigen Schaumregulierungsmittels konfektionieren läßt und in Wasch- und Reinigungsmitteln eingesetzt über einen breiten Temperaturbereich seine Wirkung entfaltet, das heißt im Kaltwaschbereich, bei mittleren Waschtemperaturen und auch im Kochwaschbereich eine störende Schaumentwicklung unterdrückt. Weiterhin soll sowohl der Schaumregulator als auch das diesen enthaltende Schaumregulierungsmittel im Gemisch mit üblichen Wasch- beziehungsweise Reinigungsmittelbestandteilen lager- und wirkungsstabil bleiben und keine nachteiligen Auswirkungen auf das Behandlungsgut und die Umwelt ausüben.The task was therefore to provide a silicone-free foam regulator, which is effective in aqueous washing and cleaning liquors, packaged in the form of a free-flowing foam regulating agent can and used in detergents and cleaning agents unfolds its effect over a wide temperature range, that is in the cold wash range, at medium wash temperatures and also in the hot wash range suppresses a disruptive foam development. Furthermore, both the foam regulator and the foam regulating agent containing it should remain stable in storage and effect in a mixture with conventional detergent or cleaning agent components and should not have any adverse effects on the material to be treated and the environment.

Überraschenderweise wurde nun gefunden, daß dieses Problem durch bestimmte Blockcopolymere aus hydrophoben Polypropylenglykoletherblöcken und gegebenenfalls hydrophilen Polyethylenglykoletherblöcken, die über Ester- oder Urethaneinheiten verknüpft sind, gelöst werden kann. Unter Propylenglykol ist dabei im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung sowohl das 1,2- als auch das 1,3-Propylenglykol als auch deren Mischungen zu verstehen. Vorzugsweise werden allerdings Blockcopolymere mit 1,2-Propylenglykol als alleinigem Propylenglykolgehalt erfindungsgemäß eingesetzt.Surprisingly, it has now been found that this problem can be solved by certain block copolymers of hydrophobic polypropylene glycol ether blocks and optionally hydrophilic polyethylene glycol ether blocks which are linked via ester or urethane units. In the context of the present invention, propylene glycol is understood to mean both 1,2- and 1,3-propylene glycol as well as their mixtures. However, block copolymers with 1,2-propylene glycol as the sole propylene glycol content are preferably used according to the invention.

Gegenstand der Erfindung ist somit die Verwendung von Glykolether-Einheiten enthaltenden Blockcopolymeren, welche erhältlich sind durch Umsetzung von Polypropylenglykol mit einer Molmasse im Bereich von 1000 bis 8000 und gegebenenfalls Polyethylenglykol mit einer Molmasse im Bereich von 200 bis 20 000mit Diisocynaten und/oder Dicarbonsäuren mit jeweils 2 bis 44 C-Atomen, wobei im Falle der Dicarbonsäuren ein molares Verhältnis von Hydroxylgruppen zu Carbonylgruppen von 1:1 bis 1,9:1 vorliegt, als Schaumregulatoren in tensidhaltigen Wasch- und/oder Reinigungsmitteln.The invention thus relates to the use of block copolymers containing glycol ether units, which can be obtained by reacting polypropylene glycol with a molecular weight in the range from 1000 to 8000 and optionally polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight in the range from 200 to 20,000 with diisocyanates and / or dicarboxylic acids each with 2 to 44 carbon atoms, in the case of dicarboxylic acids a molar ratio of hydroxyl groups to carbonyl groups of 1: 1 to 1.9: 1 being present as foam regulators in detergents and / or cleaning agents containing surfactants.

Vorzugsweise werden solche Blockcopolymere verwendet, die durch Umsetzung von Diisocyanat mit dem Glykol beziehungsweise den Glykolen im molaren Verhältnis von Hydroxylgruppen zu Carbonylgruppen von 1:2 bis 2:1, insbesondere von 1:1 bis 2:1 und besonders bevorzugt von 1,1:1 bis 1,9:1 erhältlich sind.Block copolymers are preferably used which, by reacting diisocyanate with the glycol or the glycols, in a molar ratio of hydroxyl groups to carbonyl groups of from 1: 2 to 2: 1, in particular from 1: 1 to 2: 1 and particularly preferably from 1.1: 1 to 1.9: 1 are available.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung werden Blockcopolymere verwendet, die durch Umsetzung von Diisocyanat und/oder Dicarbonsäure mit einem Gemisch aus Polypropylenglykol und Polyethylenglykol erhältlich sind, in dem das molare Verhältnis von Polyethylenglykol zu Polypropylenglykol bis zu 1:1, insbesondere von 0,1:1 bis 0,9:1, beträgt. Insbesondere falls höhermolekulare Polypropylenglykole beziehungsweise Polyethylenglykole eingesetzt werden, kann das molare Verhältnis allerdings auch deutlich über 1:1 betragen.In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, block copolymers are used which can be obtained by reacting diisocyanate and / or dicarboxylic acid with a mixture of polypropylene glycol and polyethylene glycol in which the molar ratio of polyethylene glycol to polypropylene glycol up to 1: 1, in particular from 0.1: 1 to 0.9: 1. In particular, if higher molecular weight polypropylene glycols or polyethylene glycols are used, the molar ratio can, however, also be significantly above 1: 1.

Derartige Blockcopolymere enthalten die Blöcke ([-C3H6O]a-X)n- und ([-C2H4O]b-X)o-, in denen sich die Zahlen a beziehungsweise b aus den Molgewichten des Polypropylenglykols beziehungsweise Polyethylenglykols ergeben und im Fall des Ethoxylierungsgrades b auch 0 betragen können, X eine Bisacyl- oder Bisurethan-Gruppierung, n eine Zahl größer 0 und o eine Zahl von mindestens 0 bedeuten. Bei den wie oben durch ihr Herstellverfahren charakterisierten erfindungsgemäß verwendbaren Polymeren bilden die Anzahl dieser Blöcke im Polymer, das molekulare Verhältnis der Blöcke zueinander sowie die Größen n und o ein komplexes, nur schwer in einer allgemeinen Formel zu veranschaulichendes System.Such block copolymers contain the blocks ([-C 3 H 6 O] a -X) n - and ([-C 2 H 4 O] b -X) o -, in which the numbers a and b are derived from the molecular weights of the polypropylene glycol or polyethylene glycol and in the case of degree of ethoxylation b can also be 0, X is a bisacyl or bisurethane group, n is a number greater than 0 and o is a number of at least 0. In the case of the polymers usable according to the invention as characterized above by their production process, the number of these blocks in the polymer, the molecular ratio of the blocks to one another and the sizes n and o form a complex system which is difficult to illustrate in a general formula.

Ein weiterer Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ein körniges, rieselfähiges Schaumregulierungsmittel, das 0,5 Gew.-% bis 30 Gew.-% eines erfindungs-gemäß zu verwendenden Blockcopolymeren adsorbiert an 70 Gew.-% bis 99,5 Gew.-% eines körnigen, im wesentlichen anorganischen phosphatfreien Trägermaterials enthält.Another object of the invention is a granular, free-flowing foam regulating agent which adsorbs 0.5% by weight to 30% by weight of a block copolymer to be used according to the invention to 70% by weight to 99.5% by weight of a granular , contains essentially inorganic phosphate-free carrier material.

Bei den erfindungsgemäß zu verwendenden Blockcopolymeren handelt es sich um Substanzen mit Ester- und/oder Urethangruppen, die durch Umsetzung von Polypropylenglykolen, gegebenenfalls im Gemisch mit Polyethylenglykolen, mit Diisocyanaten und/oder Dicarbonsäuren erhältlich sind. Vorzugsweise handelt es sich um solche Verbindungen, die durch Umsetzung von 1 Molequivalent Diisocyanat und/oder Dicarbonsäure mit 1 Molequivalenten bis 2 Molequivalenten, insbesondere 1,1 Molequivalenten bis 1,9 Molequivalenten Polypropylenglykol und bis zu 1 Molequivalent, insbesondere 0,05 Molequivalenten bis 0,9 Molequivalenten Polyethylenglykol erhältlich sind. Besonders bevorzugt sind im Falle der Urethan-Blockcopolymere solche, die durch Umsetzung der Glykole mit Diisocyanaten in Molverhältnissen OH:NCO von 1:1 bis 1,5:1 erhältlich sind. Das molare Verhältnis von Polypropylenglykol zu Polyethylenglykol beträgt vorzugsweise 0,1:1 bis 0,9:1, insbesondere 0,2:1 bis 0,8:1. Dabei weist Polyethylenglykol vorzugsweise ein Molekulargewicht von 500 bis 15 000 und Polypropylenglykol vorzugsweise ein Molekulargewicht von 1000 bis 2000 auf. Darüberhinaus ist es auch möglich, ein Gemisch aus Polyethylenglykol und Polypropylenglykol im angegebenen Verhältnis einzusetzen, in dem zumindest ein Teil, insbesondere nicht mehr als 90 Mol-% und besonders bevorzugt 5 Mol-% bis 50 Mol-% des Polypropylenglykols und/oder des Polyethylenglykols durch längerkettige aliphatische vicinale Diole mit 10 bis 20 C-Atomen, insbesondere 12 bis 18 C-Atomen, und/ oder a,w-Diole mit 3 bis 22 C-Atomen ersetzt ist.The block copolymers to be used according to the invention are substances with ester and / or urethane groups, which can be obtained by reacting polypropylene glycols, optionally in a mixture with polyethylene glycols, with diisocyanates and / or dicarboxylic acids. These are preferably compounds which, by reacting 1 mol equivalent of diisocyanate and / or dicarboxylic acid with 1 mol equivalent to 2 mol equivalents, in particular 1.1 mol equivalents to 1.9 mol equivalents, of polypropylene glycol and up to 1 mol equivalent, in particular 0.05 mol equivalent to 0 , 9 mole equivalents of polyethylene glycol are available. Particularly preferred in the case of the urethane block copolymers are those which can be obtained by reacting the glycols with diisocyanates in OH: NCO molar ratios of 1: 1 to 1.5: 1. The molar ratio of polypropylene glycol to polyethylene glycol is preferably 0.1: 1 to 0.9: 1, in particular 0.2: 1 to 0.8: 1. Polyethylene glycol preferably has a molecular weight from 500 to 15,000 and polypropylene glycol preferably a molecular weight of 1000 to 2000. In addition, it is also possible to use a mixture of polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol in the stated ratio, in which at least part, in particular not more than 90 mol% and particularly preferably 5 mol% to 50 mol%, of the polypropylene glycol and / or the polyethylene glycol is replaced by longer-chain aliphatic vicinal diols with 10 to 20 C atoms, in particular 12 to 18 C atoms, and / or a, w-diols with 3 to 22 C atoms.

In den obenstehend wiedergegeben Formeln der Blöcke steht X für eine Bisacyl- oder eine Bisurethan-Gruppierung, wie sie durch formale Kondensation mit zwei Molequivalenten eines Alkohols aus einer Dicarbonsäure oder durch formale Addition zweier Molequivalente eines Alkohols aus einem Diisocyanat hervorgeht. Die Bisacylgruppen enthalten insgesamt 2 bis 44, vorzugsweise 2 bis 12 C-Atome, die zwischen den Acyl- beziehungsweise den Isocyanatenden als Alkylen-, Alkenylen- oder Arylen-Gruppierung angeordnet sein können. Unter den erfindungsgemäß zu verwendenden Blockcopolymeren sind die formalen Abkömmlinge von linearen α,w-Dicarbonsäuren und von zweifach carboxylsubstituierten Aromaten besonders bevorzugt. Erfindungsgemäß brauchbar sind demnach insbesondere die Esterderivate der Oxalsäure, Malonsäure, Bernsteinsäure, Maleinsäure, Fumarsäure, Adipinsäure, Pimelinsäure, Korksäure, Azelainsäure, Brassylsäure, Pthalsäure, Isopthalsäure, Terepthalsäure, und deren Gemische. Erfindungsgemäß besonders brauchbare Blockcopolymere, in denen X eine Bisurethan-Gruppierung bedeutet, sind neben von den gegebenenfalls alkylsubstituierten Alkylendiisocyanaten, beispielsweise Trimethylhexamethylendiisocyanat, die von Isophorondiisocyanat, ortho-, meta- und para-Phenylendiisocyanat, den Methylendiphenyldiisocyanaten, den Methylendicyclohexyldiisocyanaten, den Toluylendiisocyanaten, den Xylylendiisocyanaten und den Tetramethylxylylendiisocyanaten sowie deren Gemischen ableitbaren Verbindungen. Brauchbar sind auch die durch Reaktion genannter Diisocyanate beziehungsweise Dicarbonsäuren mit genannten Diolen in Molverhältnissen von etwa 2:1 erhältlichen isocyanatgruppenterminierten beziehungsweise carbonsäuregruppenterminierten Umsetzungsprodukte. Besonders bevorzugt sind wegen ihrer exzellenten Entschäumerleistung die von 2,4- oder 2,6-Toluylendiisocyanat ableitbaren erfindungsgemäß zu verwendenden Blockcoplymere.In the formulas of the blocks given above, X represents a bisacyl or a bisurethane grouping, as is obtained by formal condensation with two molar equivalents of an alcohol from a dicarboxylic acid or by formal addition of two molar equivalents of an alcohol from a diisocyanate. The bisacyl groups contain a total of 2 to 44, preferably 2 to 12, carbon atoms which can be arranged between the acyl or isocyanate ends as an alkylene, alkenylene or arylene group. Among the block copolymers to be used according to the invention, the formal derivatives of linear α, w-dicarboxylic acids and of double-carboxyl-substituted aromatics are particularly preferred. According to the invention, the ester derivatives of oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, brassylic acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid and mixtures thereof are therefore particularly useful. Block copolymers which are particularly useful according to the invention, in which X denotes a bisurethane group, are, in addition to the optionally alkyl-substituted alkylene diisocyanates, for example trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, that of isophorone diisocyanate, ortho-, meta- and para-phenylene diisocyanate, the methylene diphenyl diisocyanates, the methylene dicyclohexyl diisocyanate diisocyanate diisocyanate diisocyanate diisocyanate, and the tetramethylxylylene diisocyanates and their mixtures of derivable compounds. The reaction products obtainable by reaction of the diisocyanates or dicarboxylic acids mentioned with the diols mentioned in molar ratios of about 2: 1 or isocyanate group-terminated or carboxylic acid group-terminated reaction products are also useful. Because of their excellent defoamer performance, the block copolymers which can be derived from 2,4- or 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate are particularly preferred.

Hydroxylgruppenterminierte Verbindungen der obengenannten Art können auch in im Prinzip bekannter Weise mit Monocarbonsäuren mit 1 bis 22 C-Atomen, insbesondere Fettsäuren mit 12 bis 20 C-Atomen, beziehungsweise deren reaktiven Derivaten, beispielsweise Säurechloriden, Anhydriden oder Methylbeziehungssweise Ethylestern, umgesetzt und so wenigstens teilweise end-gruppenverschlossen werden. Auch die Entschäumerleistung solcher Verbindungen ist ausgezeichnet.Hydroxyl group-terminated compounds of the abovementioned type can also be reacted in a manner known in principle with monocarboxylic acids having 1 to 22 carbon atoms, in particular fatty acids with 12 to 20 carbon atoms, or their reactive derivatives, for example acid chlorides, anhydrides or methyl or ethyl esters, and so at least partially end groups are closed. The defoaming performance of such compounds is also excellent.

Die Herstellung der erfindungsgemäß zu verwendenden Polymere erfolgt vorzugsweise durch Umsetzung von Polypropylenglykolen und gegebenenfalls Polyethylenglykolen mit difunktionellen Isocyanaten oder difunktionellen Carbonsäuren beziehungsweise reaktiven Carbonsäurederivaten, beispielsweise Anhydriden oder Säurechloriden, in den obengenannten Molverhältnissen, gewünschtenfalls unter Zusatz von sauren Katalysatoren, bei Temperaturen von 20 °C bis 140 °C und gewünschtenfalls in einem unter den Reaktionsbedingungen inerten Lösungsmittel. Der Einsatz der niederen Alkylester von Carbonsäuren, insbesondere ihrer Methyl- oder Ethylester, unter vorzugsweise sauren Umesterungsbedingungen, ist gleichfalls möglich. Zur Herstellung von erfindungsgemäß zu verwendenden Blockcopolymeren, welche sowohl Polyethylen- wie auch Polypropylengruppierungen enthalten, ist auch die Umsetzung zuvor hergestellter polyethoxylierter Polypropylenglykole mit den genannten difunktionellen Verbindungen möglich. Die Herstellung von bestimmten Polyglykolestern ist beispielsweise in der US-amerikanischen Patentschrift US 2 950 310 beschrieben.The polymers to be used according to the invention are preferably prepared by reacting polypropylene glycols and, if appropriate, polyethylene glycols with difunctional isocyanates or difunctional carboxylic acids or reactive carboxylic acid derivatives, for example anhydrides or acid chlorides, in the abovementioned molar ratios, if desired with the addition of acidic catalysts, at temperatures from 20.degree 140 ° C and, if desired, in a solvent inert under the reaction conditions. It is also possible to use the lower alkyl esters of carboxylic acids, especially their methyl or ethyl esters, under preferably acidic transesterification conditions. To produce block copolymers to be used according to the invention which contain both polyethylene and polypropylene groupings, it is also possible to react previously prepared polyethoxylated polypropylene glycols with the difunctional compounds mentioned. The production of certain polyglycol esters is described, for example, in US Pat. No. 2,950,310.

Gewünschtenfalls kann daran anschließend die Umsetzung mit Monocarbonsäuren beziehungsweise deren reaktiven Derivaten erfolgen, so daß endgruppenverschlossene Produkte entstehen.If desired, the reaction with monocarboxylic acids or their reactive derivatives can then take place, so that end-capped products are formed.

Die erfindungsgemäße Verwendung kann in ihrer einfachsten Form dadurch erreicht werden, daß ein oben beschriebenes Blockcopolymer einer ohne diesen Zusatz zu unerwünscht starkem Schäumen neigenden Wasch- oder Reinigungsflotte in Substanz, gelöst in einem vorzugsweise wasssermischbaren organischen Lösungsmittel oder in wäßriger Suspension zugesetzt wird. Vorzugsweise werden die erfindungsgemäß zu verwendenden Blockcopolymere jedoch in Form von körnigen, rieselfähigen Schaumregulierungsmitteln, welche die genannten Blockcopolymere enthalten, verwendet.The use according to the invention can be achieved in its simplest form by adding a block copolymer as described above to a washing or cleaning liquor in bulk without this addition, which tends to cause undesirable strong foaming, dissolved in a preferably water-miscible organic solvent or in aqueous suspension. However, the block copolymers to be used according to the invention are preferably in In the form of granular, free-flowing foam regulators, which contain the block copolymers mentioned.

Das phosphatfreie Trägermaterial zur Konfektionierung der erfindungsgemäß zu verwendenden Blockcopolymere zu einem rieselfähigen, insbesondere für den Einsatz in pulverförmigen Wasch- und Reinigungsmitteln geeigneten Schaumregulierungsmittel weist eine körnige Struktur auf und besteht aus wasserlöslichen oder wasserdispergierbaren Verbindungen, in erster Linie aus anorganischen und gegebenenfalls zusätzlichen organischen Salzen, die für den Einsatz in Wasch- und Reinigungsmitteln geeignet sind. In Frage kommen neben organischen Trägermaterialien wie Stärke oder Cellulose und üblichen Neutralsalzen, beispielsweise Alkalisulfaten oder Alkalichloriden, insbesondere übliche Waschalkalien, beispielsweise Alkalicarbonate oder -silikate, anorganische Buildersubstanzen, beispielsweise Alumosilikate, Schichtsilikate, beispielsweise Bentonite, und anorganische Bleichmittel auf Sauerstoffbasis, beispielsweise Alkaliperborate oder -percarbonate, wobei insbesondere die letztgenannten Bleichmittel in einer Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Schaumregulierungsmittels als Trägermaterial beziehungsweise Bestandteil des Trägermaterials bevorzugt sind. Gemische aus anorganischen und organischen Salzen können vielfach mit Vorteil verwendet werden, wobei organische Trägermaterialien vorzugsweise nicht über 20 Gew.-%, insbesondere in Mengen von 2 Gew.-% bis 15 Gew.-%, jeweils bezogen auf gesamtes Trägermaterial, in diesem enthalten sind. In einer weiteren Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Schaumregulierungsmittels enthält das Trägermaterial vorzugsweise sowohl Alkalicarbonat als auch Alkalisilikat. In diesem Fall enthält das Trägermaterial vorzugsweise 1 Gew.-% bis 50 Gew.-% Alkalicarbonat, bis zu 70 Gew.-% Alkalisulfat, bis zu 50 Gew.-% Alkalialumosilikat und 10 Gew.-% bis 50 Gew.-% Alkalisilikat, kann jedoch zusätzlich weitere wasserlösliche oder wasserunlösliche, wasserdispergierbare Stoffe enthalten. Zu den zusätzlich verwendbaren Materialien gehören insbesondere Alkalichloride und Schichtsilikate, beispielsweise Bentonit. Bei dem Alkalisilikat handelt es sich vorzugsweise um eine Verbindung mit einem Molverhältnis Alkalioxid zu Si02 von 1:1,5 bis 1:3,5. Die Verwendung derartiger Silikate resultiert in besonders guten Korneigenschaften, insbesondere hoher Abriebsstabilität und dennoch hoher Auflösungsgeschwindigkeit in Wasser. Zu den im Trägermaterial für die erfindungsgemäßen Schaumregulierungsmittel brauchbaren Alumosilikaten gehören insbesondere die Zeolithe, beispielsweise Zeolith NaA und NaX. Als organische Komponenten des Trägermaterials kommen zum Beispiel Stärke, Acetate, Tartrate, Citrate, Succinate, Carboxymethylsuccinate sowie die Alkalisalze von Aminopolycarbonsäuren, wie NTA oder EDTA, Hydroxyalkanphosphonate und Aminoalkanpolyphosphonate in Frage, wie 1-Hydroxyethan1,1-diphosphonat, Ethylendiaminotetramethylenphosphonat und Diethylentriaminpentamethylenphosphonat. Brauchbar sind ferner wasserlösliche Salze von polymeren beziehungsweise copolymeren Carbonsäuren, beispielsweise Polyacrylate und Mischpolymerisate aus Acrylsäure und Maleinsäure. Bevorzugtes Alkalimetall in den genannten Alkalisalzen ist dabei in allen Fällen Natrium.The phosphate-free carrier material for converting the block copolymers to be used according to the invention into a free-flowing foam regulating agent, which is particularly suitable for use in powdered detergents and cleaning agents, has a granular structure and consists of water-soluble or water-dispersible compounds, primarily of inorganic and optionally additional organic salts, which are suitable for use in detergents and cleaning agents. In addition to organic carrier materials such as starch or cellulose and customary neutral salts, for example alkali sulfates or alkali chlorides, in particular customary washing alkalis, for example alkali carbonates or silicates, inorganic builder substances, for example aluminosilicates, layered silicates, for example bentonites, and inorganic bleaches based on oxygen, for example - alkali perborates percarbonates, the latter bleaching agents in particular being preferred in one embodiment of the foam regulating agent according to the invention as carrier material or constituent of the carrier material. Mixtures of inorganic and organic salts can in many cases be used with advantage, organic carrier materials preferably not containing more than 20% by weight, in particular in amounts of 2% by weight to 15% by weight, based in each case on the total carrier material are. In a further embodiment of the foam regulating agent according to the invention, the carrier material preferably contains both alkali carbonate and alkali silicate. In this case, the carrier material preferably contains 1% by weight to 50% by weight of alkali carbonate, up to 70% by weight of alkali sulfate, up to 50% by weight of alkali alumosilicate and 10% by weight to 50% by weight of alkali silicate , but can additionally contain other water-soluble or water-insoluble, water-dispersible substances. The materials which can additionally be used include, in particular, alkali metal chlorides and layered silicates, for example bentonite. The alkali silicate is preferably a compound with a molar ratio of alkali oxide to SiO 2 of 1: 1.5 to 1: 3.5. The use of such silicates results in particularly good grain properties, in particular high abrasion stability and nevertheless high dissolution rate in water. To the in the carrier material for the invention Foam control agents that can be used for aluminosilicates include, in particular, the zeolites, for example zeolite NaA and NaX. Examples of possible organic components of the carrier material are starch, acetates, tartrates, citrates, succinates, carboxymethylsuccinates and the alkali metal salts of aminopolycarboxylic acids, such as NTA or EDTA, hydroxyalkane phosphonates and aminoalkane polyphosphonates, such as 1-hydroxyethane1,1-diphosphonate phosphonate aminophthalonate and ethylenediophosphonate pentamphonate amine. Water-soluble salts of polymeric or copolymeric carboxylic acids, for example polyacrylates and copolymers of acrylic acid and maleic acid, can also be used. The preferred alkali metal in the alkali salts mentioned is sodium in all cases.

Das Trägermaterial kann darüberhinaus als organische Komponente filmbildende Polymere, beispielsweise Polyethylenglykole, Polyvinalalkohole, Polyvinylpyrrolidone und Cellulosederivate, enthalten. Brauchbare Celluloseether sind insbesondere Alkalicarboxymethylcellulose, Methylcellulose, Ethylcellulose, Hydroxyethylcellulose und sogenannte Cellulosemischether, wie zum Beispiel Methylhydroxyethylcellulose und Methylhydroxypropylcellulose, sowie deren Mischungen. Vorzugsweise werden Mischungen aus Natrium-Carboxymethylcellulose und Methylcellulose eingesetzt, wobei die Carboxymethylcellulose üblicherweise einen Substitutionsgrad von 0,5 bis 0,8 Carboxymethylgruppen pro Anhydroglukoseeinheit und die Methylcellulose einen Substitutionsgrad von 1,2 bis 2 Methylgruppen pro Anhydroglukoseeinheit aufweist. Die Gemische enthalten vorzugsweise Alkalicarboxymethylcellulose und nichtionischen Celluloseether in Gewichtsverhältnissen von 80:20 bis 40:60, insbesondere von 75:25 bis 50:50. Derartige Celluloseethergemische können in fester Form oder als wäßrige Lösungen verwendet werden, die in üblicher Weise vorgequollen sein können.The carrier material can also contain, as an organic component, film-forming polymers, for example polyethylene glycols, polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinylpyrrolidones and cellulose derivatives. Usable cellulose ethers are, in particular, alkali carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose and so-called cellulose mixed ethers, such as, for example, methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose and methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose, and mixtures thereof. Mixtures of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and methyl cellulose are preferably used, the carboxymethyl cellulose usually having a degree of substitution of 0.5 to 0.8 carboxymethyl groups per anhydroglucose unit and the methyl cellulose having a degree of substitution of 1.2 to 2 methyl groups per anhydroglucose unit. The mixtures preferably contain alkali carboxymethyl cellulose and nonionic cellulose ethers in weight ratios from 80:20 to 40:60, in particular from 75:25 to 50:50. Such cellulose ether mixtures can be used in solid form or as aqueous solutions, which can be pre-swollen in the usual way.

Die erfindungsgemäßen Schaumregulierungsmittel können, vorzugsweise nicht mehr als 10 Gew.-% und insbesondere von 0,5 Gew.-% bis 3,5 Gew.-%, Tensid enthalten. Unter Tensiden sind oberflächenaktive Verbindungen mit hydrophobem Molekülteil und hydrophilen anionischen, ampholytischen, zwitterionischen, kationischen und nichtionischen Gruppen zu verstehen, die in wäßriger Lösung oder Dispersion eine reinigende beziehungsweise emulgierende Wirkung entfalten. Tenside sind normalerweise die schaumverursachenden Bestandteile von Wasch- und Reinigungsflotten. Um so mehr muß überraschen, daß diese schäumenden Bestandteile in den erfindungsgemäßen Schaumregulierungsmitteln enthalten sein können, ohne daß die Wirksamkeit der Mittel beeinträchtigt wird. Der hydrophobe Molekülteil von Tensiden besteht im allgemeinen aus einem Kohlenwasserstoffrest beziehungsweise einem substituierten Kohlenwasserstoffrest oder einem in Wasser schwer löslichen Polyglykoletherrest, zum Beispiel einem Polypropylenglykol- beziehungsweise Polybutylenglykol-Etherrest. Vorzugsweise enthalten die erfindungsgemäßen Schaumregulierungsmittel synthetische anionische Tenside vom Sulfat- oder Sulfonat-Typ, insbesondere Alkylbenzolsulfonate und/oder Alkylsulfate, weil diese im Rahmen der anschließend beschriebenen Herstellung der Schaumregulierungsmittel über wäßrige Dispersionen der Blockcopolymere eine besonders gute Dispergierung der Blockcopolymere ermöglichen. Dabei sind Tensidgehalte von bis zu 30 Gew.-%, insbesondere von 5 Gew.-% bis 10 Gew.-%, jeweils bezogen auf erfindungsgemäß zu verwendendes Blockcopolymer, bevorzugt.The foam regulating agents according to the invention can, preferably not more than 10 wt .-% and in particular from 0.5 wt .-% to 3.5 wt .-%, surfactant. Surfactants are to be understood as meaning surface-active compounds with a hydrophobic part of the molecule and hydrophilic anionic, ampholytic, zwitterionic, cationic and nonionic groups which, in aqueous solution or dispersion, have a cleaning or emulsifying effect Make an impact. Surfactants are usually the foam-causing components of washing and cleaning liquors. It is all the more surprising that these foaming constituents can be contained in the foam regulating agents according to the invention without the effectiveness of the agents being impaired. The hydrophobic molecular part of surfactants generally consists of a hydrocarbon radical or a substituted hydrocarbon radical or a polyglycol ether radical which is poorly soluble in water, for example a polypropylene glycol or polybutylene glycol ether radical. The foam control agents according to the invention preferably contain synthetic anionic surfactants of the sulfate or sulfonate type, in particular alkylbenzenesulfonates and / or alkyl sulfates, because these enable particularly good dispersion of the block copolymers in the course of the preparation of the foam control agents described below via aqueous dispersions of the block copolymers. Surfactant contents of up to 30% by weight, in particular from 5% by weight to 10% by weight, in each case based on the block copolymer to be used according to the invention, are preferred.

Die Herstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Schaumregulierungsmittels kann durch Aufbringen des flüssigen, gegebenenfalls auf über Raumtemperatur erwärmten Blockcopolymeren auf das körnige Trägermaterial erfolgen, beispielsweise durch sukzessives Zumischen, insbesondere als Spray, zu dem Trägermaterial. Dabei ist sowohl der separate Einsatz von oben genannten einzelnen Trägermaterial-Bestandteilen möglich als auch von zuvor aus diesen erzeugten Trägerkörnern. Das Trägerkorn, welches in üblicher Weise durch Granulation oder durch Sprühtrocknen einer wäßrigen Aufschlämmung der Trägermaterialien erzeugt werden kann, wird dabei durch Mischorgane oder durch Fluidisierung in Bewegung gehalten, um eine gleichmäßige Beladung des Trägermaterials zu gewährleisten. Die dafür verwendeten Sprühmischer können kontinuierlich oder diskontinuierlich betrieben werden.A foam regulating agent according to the invention can be produced by applying the liquid block copolymer, optionally heated to room temperature, to the granular carrier material, for example by successive admixing, in particular as a spray, to the carrier material. Both the separate use of the above-mentioned individual carrier material components and also carrier grains previously produced from these are possible. The carrier grain, which can be produced in the customary manner by granulation or by spray drying an aqueous slurry of the carrier materials, is kept in motion by mixing elements or by fluidization in order to ensure a uniform loading of the carrier material. The spray mixers used for this can be operated continuously or discontinuously.

Im Rahmen des eben beschriebenen Herstellungsverfahrens ist auch der Einsatz einer wäßrigen Dispersion des erfindungsgemäß zu verwendenden Blockcopolymers möglich, die vorzugsweise ein oben aufgeführtes filmbildendes Polymer und/oder Tensid als Dispergierhilfsmittel enthält. Je nach Wassergehalt der Dispersion und Wasserbindevermögen des verwendeten Trägermaterials kann diese Vorgehensweise die anschließende Trocknung, beispielsweise mittels üblicher Wirbelschichttrockner, des entstehenden Schaumregulierungsmittels notwendig machen.In the context of the production process just described, it is also possible to use an aqueous dispersion of the block copolymer to be used according to the invention, which preferably contains a film-forming polymer and / or surfactant listed above as a dispersion aid. Depending on the water content of the dispersion and the water-binding capacity of the carrier material used This procedure can make the subsequent drying of the resulting foam regulating agent necessary, for example by means of conventional fluidized bed dryers.

Die Herstellung des Schaumregulierungsmittels erfolgt in einer weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Ausgestaltung derart, daß man die Trägermaterialien in Wasser löst beziehungsweise aufschlämmt, das erfindungsgemäß zu verwendende Blockcopolymer darin dispergiert und diesen Slurry anschließend sprühtrocknet. Der Dispersion wird vorzugsweise ein wasserlöslicher Dispersionsstabilisator in Form eines Tensids und/oder in Wasser quellfähigen Polymeren zugesetzt, da die erfindungsgemäß zu verwendenden Blockcopolymere im wäßrigen Slurry im allgemeinen nicht oder nur wenig löslich sind. Beispiele für brauchbare in Wasser quellfähige Polymere sind die genannten Celluloseether, Homo- und Copolymere von ungesättigten Carbonsäuren, wie Acrylsäure, Maleinsäure und copolymerisierbaren Vinylverbindungen, wie Vinylether, Acrylamid und Ethylen. Der Zusatz an derartigen als Dispersionsstabilisatoren wirkenden Verbindungen in der wäßrigen Aufschlämmung beträgt vorzugsweise nicht über 5 Gew.-%, insbesondere 1 Gew.-% bis 3 Gew.-%, bezogen auf das entstehende Schaumregulierungsmittel. Der Wassergehalt des Slurries kann je nach Art beziehungsweise Löslichkeit des Trägermaterials 30 Gew.-% bis 60 Gew.-% betragen. Das Sprühtrocknen der Dispersion kann in im Prinzip bekannter Weise in dafür vorgesehenen Anlagen, sogenannten Sprühtürmen, mittels heißer, in Gleichstrom oder Gegenstrom geführter Trocknungsgase erfolgen.In a further embodiment according to the invention, the foam regulating agent is produced by dissolving or slurrying the carrier materials in water, dispersing the block copolymer to be used according to the invention therein and then spray-drying this slurry. A water-soluble dispersion stabilizer in the form of a surfactant and / or water-swellable polymers is preferably added to the dispersion since the block copolymers to be used according to the invention are generally insoluble or only slightly soluble in the aqueous slurry. Examples of useful water-swellable polymers are the cellulose ethers mentioned, homo- and copolymers of unsaturated carboxylic acids, such as acrylic acid, maleic acid and copolymerizable vinyl compounds, such as vinyl ether, acrylamide and ethylene. The addition of such compounds which act as dispersion stabilizers in the aqueous slurry is preferably not more than 5% by weight, in particular 1% to 3% by weight, based on the foam regulating agent formed. The water content of the slurry can be 30% to 60% by weight, depending on the type or solubility of the carrier material. The spray drying of the dispersion can be carried out in a known manner in systems provided for this purpose, so-called spray towers, using hot drying gases conducted in cocurrent or countercurrent.

Ein erfindungsgemäßes Schaumregulierungsmittel besteht vorzugsweise aus Partikeln mit Korngrößen nicht über 2 mm, insbesondere von 0,1 mm bis 1,6 mm. Es weist vorzugsweise ein Schüttgewicht im Bereich von 300 Gramm pro Liter bis 1100 Gramm pro Liter, insbesondere von 450 Gramm pro Liter bis 900 Gramm pro Liter auf. Vorzugsweise wird es zur Herstellung von pulverförmigen Wasch- oder Reinigungsmitteln verwendet, wobei als weiterer Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Schaumregulierungsmittel ihre gering notwendige Einsatzmenge bei guter Entschäumerleistung zu bemerken ist. So gelingt es, die Entschäumerleistung üblicher Silikon-Entschäumer sowohl in der maschinellen Niedrigtemperaturwäsche bei 30 °C bis 60 °C als auch in der Hochtemperaturwäsche bei etwa 90 °C mit weniger als gewichtsgleichen Mengen, bezogen auf Aktivsubstanz, der erfindungsgemäßen Schaumregulierungsmittel auf Basis der erfindungsgemäß zu verwendenden Blockcopolymere zu erreichen.A foam regulating agent according to the invention preferably consists of particles with particle sizes not more than 2 mm, in particular from 0.1 mm to 1.6 mm. It preferably has a bulk density in the range from 300 grams per liter to 1100 grams per liter, in particular from 450 grams per liter to 900 grams per liter. It is preferably used for the production of powdered detergents or cleaning agents, a further advantage of the foam regulating agents according to the invention being their small amount required with good defoamer performance. This enables the defoamer performance of conventional silicone defoamers to be achieved with less than the same weight, both in mechanical low-temperature washing at 30 ° C to 60 ° C and in high-temperature washing at around 90 ° C To achieve amounts, based on active substance, of the foam regulating agents according to the invention on the basis of the block copolymers to be used according to the invention.

BeispieleExamples Beispiel 1: Herstellung der BlockcopolymereExample 1: Preparation of the block copolymers A) EsterA) esters

Polypropylenglykol (PPG) und Polyethylenglykol (PEG) in den in der nachfolgenden Tabelle angegebenen Gewichtsverhältnissen, Bernsteinsäureanhydrid in der Menge, daß das Equivalentverhältnis von Hydroxylgruppen zu Carbonylgruppen 1,2 betrug, und ein saurer Katalysator (0,1 Gew.-% Swed-cat(R) 3, bezogen auf die Reaktanden) wurden in siedendem Xylol unter azeotroper Entfernung des Reaktionswassers bis zum Verschwinden der Säurezahl miteinander umgesetzt und das Xylol anschließend im Vakuum abgezogen. Man erhielt die blockcopolymeren Ester E1 und E2 als hochviskose farblose Flüssigkeiten. Tabelle 1 PPG-1025a) PPG-1000b) PPG-600c) E1 95 5 - E2 95 - 5 a) Molgewicht 1025 b) Molgewicht 1000 c) Molgewicht 600 Polypropylene glycol (PPG) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) in the weight ratios given in the table below, succinic anhydride in the amount that the equivalent ratio of hydroxyl groups to carbonyl groups was 1.2, and an acidic catalyst (0.1% by weight Swed-cat (R) 3, based on the reactants) were reacted with one another in boiling xylene with azeotropic removal of the water of reaction until the acid number had disappeared and the xylene was then stripped off in vacuo. The block copolymer esters E1 and E2 were obtained as highly viscous, colorless liquids. Table 1 PPG-1025 a) PPG-1000 b) PPG-600 c) E1 95 5 - E2 95 - 5 a) Molecular weight 1025 b) Molecular weight 1000 c) Molecular weight 600

B: UrethaneB: urethane

Es wurden die in den nachfolgenden Tabellen 2 bis 5 angegebenen Polyethylenglykole (PEG, die angegebene Zahl bedeutet das Molekulargewicht), Polypropylenglykole (PPG, die angegebene Zahl bedeutet das Molekulargewicht) und Diisocyanate zu den blockcopolymeren Urethanen U1 bis U20 umgesetzt. In den Tabellen sind für die Polyglykole die eingesetzten Gewichtsteile angegeben; für die Diisocyanat-Komponente ist die jeweils das Equivalent-gewichtsverhältnis bezüglich der Alkoholkomponenten (Verhältnis OH:NCO) angegeben. Tabelle 2 U1 U2 U3 U4 U5 U6 U7 PPG-1025 95 - - - - - - PPG-2025 - 95 95 - - 95 95 PPG-3025 - - - 95 - - - PPG-4025 - - - - 95 - - PEG-600 - - 5 5 5 5 5 PEG-1000 5 5 - - - - - Diisocyanat Ia) 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 - - Diisocyanat IIb) - - - - - 1,2 - Diisocyanat IIIc) - - - - - - 1,2 a) 2,4-Toluylendiisocyanat b) Gemisch aus 2,4-(80 %)- und 2,6-(20 %)-Toluylendiisocyanat c) Gemisch aus 2,4(65 %)- und 2,6-(35 %)-Toluylendiisocyanat Tabelle 3 U8 U9 U10 PPG-1025 - - - PPG-2025 95 95 95 PEG-600 5 5 5 Diisocyanat IVd) 1,17 - - Diisocyanat Ve) - 1,17 - Diisocyanat VIf) - - 1,17 d) Methylendiphenyldiisocyanat e) Trimethylhexamethylendiisocyanat f) Tetramethylxylylendiisocyanat Tabelle 4 U11 U12 U13 U14 U15 U16 PPG-2025 95 95 95 95 95 95 PEG-600 5 5 5 5 5 5 Diisocyanat Ia) 1,1 1,17 1,3 1,5 1,7 2,0 a) 2,4-Toluylendiisocyanat Tabelle 5 U17 U18 U19 U20 PPG-2025 95 95 95 95 PEG-1000 5 - - - PEG-400 - 5 - - PEG-200 - - 5 5 Diisocyanat Ia) 1,24 1,28 1,53 1,2 a) 2,4-Toluylendiisocyanat The polyethylene glycols (PEG, the number given means the molecular weight), polypropylene glycols (PPG, the number given means the molecular weight) and diisocyanates listed in Tables 2 to 5 below were converted to the block-copolymeric urethanes U1 to U20 . The parts by weight used for the polyglycols are given in the tables; for the diisocyanate component, this is the equivalent weight ratio with regard to the alcohol components (ratio OH: NCO). Table 2 U1 U2 U3 U4 U5 U6 U7 PPG-1025 95 - - - - - - PPG-2025 - 95 95 - - 95 95 PPG-3025 - - - 95 - - - PPG-4025 - - - - 95 - - PEG-600 - - 5 5 5 5 5 PEG-1000 5 5 - - - - - Diisocyanate I a) 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 - - Diisocyanate II b) - - - - - 1.2 - Diisocyanate III c) - - - - - - 1.2 a) 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate b) Mixture of 2,4- (80%) - and 2,6- (20%) - tolylene diisocyanate c) Mixture of 2.4 (65%) and 2.6- (35%) tolylene diisocyanate U8 U9 U10 PPG-1025 - - - PPG-2025 95 95 95 PEG-600 5 5 5 Diisocyanate IV d) 1.17 - - Diisocyanate V e) - 1.17 - Diisocyanate VI f) - - 1.17 d) methylene diphenyl diisocyanate e) trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate f) tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate U11 U12 U13 U14 U15 U16 PPG-2025 95 95 95 95 95 95 PEG-600 5 5 5 5 5 5 Diisocyanate I a) 1.1 1.17 1.3 1.5 1.7 2.0 a) 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate U17 U18 U19 U20 PPG-2025 95 95 95 95 PEG-1000 5 - - - PEG-400 - 5 - - PEG-200 - - 5 5 Diisocyanate I a) 1.24 1.28 1.53 1.2 a) 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate

Beispiel 2Example 2

Die Bestimmung der Entschäumerleistung von Blockcopolymeren gemäß Beispiel 1 erfolgte nach der Freifall-Kreislaufmethode. Dabei durchfiel eine im Kreis gepumpte, auf 60 °C temperierte Waschflotte (500 ml), mit 4 g eines entschäumerfreien Universalwaschmittels (enthaltend 6 Gew.-% Alkylbenzolsulfonat, 2 Gew.-% Alkylsulfat, 3,5 Gew.-% Fettalkylpolyethoxylat, 1,5 Gew.-% Seife, 20 Gew.-% Zeolith Na-A, 10 Gew.-% Natriumcarbonat, 3 Gew.-% Natriumsilikat, 3,5 Gew.-% Na-Polycarboxylat, 20 Gew.-% Natriumperborat, 1,5 Gew.-% TAED, 0,3 Gew.-% Protease, Rest auf 100 Gew.-% Natriumsulfat und Wasser) und die in der nachfolgenden Tabelle 6 angegebene Blockcopolymer-Konzentration eine Strecke von 40 cm. In Tabelle 6 sind die Zeiten (in Sekunden) bis zum Aufbau von 1000 ml Schaum angegeben. Je länger diese Zeiten sind, umso besser ist die schaumregulierende Wirkung des Blockcopolymers. Dabei war weitgehend unerheblich, ob die Blockcopolymere in Substanz oder auf Trägermaterialien absorbiert (getestet wurden Natriumcarbonat, Zeolith Na-A, Stärke, teilhydrolysierte Stärke und eine Natriumsulfat/Natriumcarbonat/Natriumsilikat/Carboxymethylcellulose/Methylcellulose-Kombination) eingesetzt wurden. Tabelle 6: Schaumaufbauzeiten Blockcopolymer Zeit [s] - 100 E1, 0,2 Gew.-% 180 E1, 0,5 Gew.-% 240 E1, 1,0 Gew.-% a) U1, 0,2 Gew.-% 600 U1, 0,5 Gew.-% 900 U1, 1,0 Gew.-% 2100 U2, 0,2 Gew.-% 780 U2, 0,5 Gew.-% 1500 U3, 0,2 Gew.-% 1000 U3, 0,5 Gew.-% 1600 U3, 1,0 Gew.-% b) U4, 0,5 Gew.-% b) U4, 1,0 Gew.-% b) U5, 0,2 Gew.-% 900 U5, 0,5 Gew.-% 900 U5, 1,0 Gew.-% 1500 a): maximales Schaumvolumen nur 900 ml b): maximales Schaumvolumen nur 800 ml The defoamer performance of block copolymers according to Example 1 was determined using the free-fall cycle method. A wash liquor (500 ml) pumped in a circle and heated to 60 ° C failed with 4 g of a defoamer-free universal detergent (containing 6% by weight alkylbenzenesulfonate, 2% by weight alkyl sulfate, 3.5% by weight fatty alkyl polyethoxylate, 1 , 5% by weight of soap, 20% by weight of zeolite Na-A, 10% by weight of sodium carbonate, 3% by weight of sodium silicate, 3.5% by weight of Na polycarboxylate, 20% by weight of sodium perborate, 1.5% by weight of TAED, 0.3% by weight of protease, remainder on 100% by weight of sodium sulfate and water) and the block copolymer concentration given in Table 6 below a distance of 40 cm. Table 6 shows the times (in seconds) until 1000 ml of foam build up. The longer these times are the better the foam-regulating effect of the block copolymer. It was largely irrelevant whether the block copolymers were absorbed in bulk or on carrier materials (sodium carbonate, zeolite Na-A, starch, partially hydrolyzed starch and a sodium sulfate / sodium carbonate / sodium silicate / carboxymethyl cellulose / methyl cellulose combination were used). Table 6: Foam build-up times Block copolymer Time [s] - 100 E1 , 0.2% by weight 180 E1 , 0.5% by weight 240 E1 , 1.0% by weight a) U1 , 0.2% by weight 600 U1 , 0.5% by weight 900 U1 , 1.0% by weight 2100 U2 , 0.2% by weight 780 U2 , 0.5% by weight 1500 U3 , 0.2% by weight 1000 U3 , 0.5% by weight 1600 U3 , 1.0% by weight b) U4 , 0.5% by weight b) U4 , 1.0% by weight b) U5 , 0.2% by weight 900 U5 , 0.5% by weight 900 U5 , 1.0% by weight 1500 a): Maximum foam volume only 900 ml b): maximum foam volume only 800 ml

In Tabelle 7 sind die bei der oben beschriebenen Freifall-Kreislaufmethode gebildeten Schaummengen (in ml) in Abhängigkeit von der Zeit angegeben. Es wurden jeweils Blockcopolymere in Konzentrationen von 0,5 Gew.-% in der Flotte eingesetzt. Tabelle 7: Schaummengen [ml] Blockcopolymer (0,5 Gew.-%) Schaummenge nach 10 min 15 min 25 min - 1480 1450 1580 U3 720 720 780 U6 740 800 900 U7 700 780 1120 U8 980 1120 920 U9 1160 1360 1280 U10 860 980 1540 U11 940 940 980 U12 720 740 760 U13 780 860 920 U14 740 820 1380 U17 720 760 1000 U18 940 920 880 U20 1020 1000 980 Table 7 shows the amounts of foam (in ml) formed in the free-fall cycle method described above as a function of time. Block copolymers in concentrations of 0.5% by weight were used in the liquor. Table 7: Foam amounts [ml] Block copolymer (0.5% by weight) Amount of foam after 10 min 15 minutes 25 min - 1480 1450 1580 U3 720 720 780 U6 740 800 900 U7 700 780 1120 U8 980 1120 920 U9 1160 1360 1280 U10 860 980 1540 U11 940 940 980 U12 720 740 760 U13 780 860 920 U14 740 820 1380 U17 720 760 1000 U18 940 920 880 U20 1020 1000 980

Beispiel 3Example 3

Durch einfaches Vermischen von jeweils 1 Gew.-% Teil der Blockcopolymeren E1, E2 sowie U1 bis U20 mit jeweils 10 Gew.-% Teilen pulverförmigem Natriumsulfat wurden körnige Schaumregulierungsmittel erhalten. Diese wurde in schauminhibitorfreie Universalwaschmittelrezepturen eingearbeitet und zeigten unter Anwendungsbedingungen in einer haushaltsüblichen Waschmaschine bei Konzentrationen von 1 Gew.-% bis 4 Gew.-%, bezogen auf gesamtes Waschmittel, Entschäumerleistungen, die denen eines handelsüblichen Silikon-Schauminhibitors (gewichtsgleich bezogen auf Aktivsubstanz eingesetzt) in keinem Fall nachstanden.Granular foam control agents were obtained by simply mixing in each case 1% by weight of part of the block copolymers E1 , E2 and U1 to U20 with 10% by weight of powdered sodium sulfate. This was incorporated into foam detergent-free universal detergent formulations and, under conditions of use in a household washing machine at concentrations of 1% by weight to 4% by weight, based on the total detergent, defoamer performance comparable to that of a commercially available silicone foam inhibitor (used with the same weight based on active substance) in no way inferior.

Beispiel 4Example 4

Ein alkalisches Reinigungsmittel für Bleche in der Automobilindustrie, bestehend aus 18 Gew.-% Borax, 32 Gew.-% Natriumphosphat, 25 Gew.-% Natriumsilikat, 15 Gew.-% Natriumhydroxid, 9 Gew.-% nichtionischem Tensid und 1 Gew.-% Blockcopolymer U11 wurde in einem Intensivschaumtest nach Götte gestestet. Dabei ging man so vor, daß man in einem zylindrischen Gefäß mit rotierendem Sprüharm die Prüflösung (Konzentration 0,3 Gew.-%) in Gegenwart eines schaumbildenden Mittels (Konzentration 0,03 Gew.-%) aus Mineralöl, Alkylbenzolsulfonat, Fettsäure und Polyethylenglykol umgepumpt und versprüht. Die Ablesung der gebildeten Schaummenge erfolgte nach den nachstehend angegebenen Zeiten (Abschalten der Pumpe, als Schaumhöhe gilt der Abstand zwischen Schaumoberfläche und Flüssigkeitsoberfläche). Dabei wurde der Wert für das schaumregulatorfreie Mittel als 1 gesetzt. Nach einer Umpump- und Versprühzeit von 30 Minuten betrug die Schaumhöhe beim Einsatz des schaumregulatorhaltigen Mittels 0,5 Einheiten, nach 3,5 Stunden 0,4 Einheiten.An alkaline cleaning agent for metal sheets in the automotive industry, consisting of 18% by weight borax, 32% by weight sodium phosphate, 25% by weight sodium silicate, 15% by weight of sodium hydroxide, 9% by weight of nonionic surfactant and 1% by weight of block copolymer U11 was tested in an intensive foam test according to Götte. The procedure was such that the test solution (concentration 0.3% by weight) in the presence of a foaming agent (concentration 0.03% by weight) made of mineral oil, alkylbenzenesulfonate, fatty acid and polyethylene glycol was placed in a cylindrical vessel with a rotating spray arm pumped around and sprayed. The amount of foam formed was read off after the times given below (switch off the pump, the foam height is the distance between the foam surface and the liquid surface). The value for the foam regulator-free agent was set as 1. After a pumping and spraying time of 30 minutes, the foam height when using the foam regulator-containing agent was 0.5 units, after 3.5 hours 0.4 units.

Beim Praxiseinsatz wurde eine negative Beeinflussung der Überlackierbarkeit mit üblichen Automobillacken oder der Reinigungswirkung des Mittels durch den erfindungsgemäß verwendeten Schaumregulator nicht festgestellt.In practical use, the foam regulator used according to the invention has not been found to have a negative influence on the ability to be painted over with customary automotive paints or the cleaning effect of the agent.

Claims (15)

  1. The use of block copolymers containing glycol ether units obtainable by reaction of polypropylene glycol having a molecular weight of 1,000 to 8,000 and, optionally, polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of 200 to 20,000, more particularly up to 8,000, with diisocyanates and/or dicarboxylic acids containing 2 to 44 carbon atoms, the molar ratio of hydroxyl groups to carbonyl groups in the case of the dicarboxylic acids being 1:1 to 1.9:1, as foam regulators in surfactant-containing detergents and/or cleaners.
  2. The use claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the block copolymer is obtainable by reaction of diisocyanate with the glycol or the glycols in a molar ratio of hydroxyl groups to carbonyl groups of 1:2 to 2:1 and, more particularly, 1:1 to 1.9:1.
  3. The use claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the block copolymer is obtainable by reaction of diisocyanate and/or dicarboxylic acid with a mixture of polypropylene glycol and polyethylene glycol in which the molar ratio of polyethylene glycol to polypropylene glycol is up to 1:1 and, more particularly, from 0.1:1 to 0.9:1.
  4. The use claimed in any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the block copolymer is obtainable from polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of 500 to 15,000 and polypropylene glycol with a molecular weight of 1,000 to 2,000.
  5. The use claimed in any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the block copolymer is obtainable by reaction of diisocyanates with a mixture of polypropylene glycol and polyethylene glycol in a molar OH:NCO ratio of 1:1 to 1.5:1.
  6. The use claimed in any of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the block copolymers are obtainable from a mixture of polypropylene glycol and polyethylene glycol in which at least part, more particularly no more than 90 mole-% and, more preferably, from 5 mole-% to 50 mole-%, of the polypropylene glycol and/or the polyethylene glycol is replaced by relatively long-chain aliphatic vicinal diols containing 10 to 20 carbon atoms and, more particularly, 12 to 18 carbon atoms and/or α,ω-diols containing 3 to 22 carbon atoms.
  7. A process for the production of the block copolymers used in accordance with any of claims 1 to 6, by reaction of polypropylene glycols and optionally polyethylene glycols with difunctional isocyanates and/or dibasic carboxylic acids or reactive carboxylic acid derivatives, if desired in the presence of acidic catalysts, at temperatures of 20°C to 140°C and, if desired, in a solvent inert under the reaction conditions.
  8. A process as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that anhydrides, acid chlorides and/or lower alkyl esters of dicarboxylic acids, more particularly dimethyl and/or diethyl esters, are used as the difunctional reactive carboxylic acid derivatives.
  9. A granular free-flowing foam inhibiting composition containing a foam regulating agent and a substantially inorganic phosphate-free support material, characterized in that it contains
    0.5% by weight to 30% by weight of a block copolymer obtainable by reaction of polypropylene glycol having a molecular weight of 1,000 to 8,000 and optionally polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of 200 to 8,000 with diisocyanates and/or dicarboxylic acids containing 2 to 44 carbon atoms
    adsorbed onto
    70% by weight to 99.5% by weight of a granular, phosphate-free and water-soluble or water-dispersible support material
  10. A foam inhibiting composition as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that it contains 1% by weight to 25% by weight and, more particularly, 2% by weight to 12% by weight of block copolymer and 75% by weight to 99% by weight and, more particularly, 88% by weight to 98% by weight of support material.
  11. A foam regulating composition as claimed in claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the support material contains washing alkalis, more particularly alkali metal carbonate and/or alkali metal silicate, builders, more particularly alumosilicate, layer silicate, more particularly bentonite, and/or inorganic oxygen-based bleaching agent, more particularly alkali metal perborate or percarbonate.
  12. A process for the production of the granular foam inhibiting composition claimed in any of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the block copolymer is applied to the moving granular support material, if desired at temperatures above room temperature.
  13. A process as claimed in claim 12, characterized in that an aqueous suspension or dispersion of the block copolymer prepared if desired using a dispersion aid is used and the foam inhibiting composition formed is optionally subjected to drying.
  14. A process for the production of the granular foam regulating composition claimed in any of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the block copolymer is dispersed in an aqueous solution or suspension of the support material, optionally with addition of a dispersion aid, more particularly a water-soluble or swellable polymer, and the resulting dispersion is sprayed-dried.
  15. The use of the granular foam inhibiting composition claimed in any of claims 9 to 11 for the production of powder-form detergents or cleaners.
EP94904187A 1993-01-07 1993-12-27 Block copolymers as foam regulators in washing or cleaning agents Expired - Lifetime EP0678117B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4300087 1993-01-07
DE4300087A DE4300087A1 (en) 1993-01-07 1993-01-07 Block copolymers as foam regulators in washing or cleaning agents
PCT/EP1993/003697 WO1994016044A1 (en) 1993-01-07 1993-12-27 Block copolymers as foam regulators in washing or cleaning agents

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0678117A1 EP0678117A1 (en) 1995-10-25
EP0678117B1 true EP0678117B1 (en) 1996-08-28

Family

ID=6477741

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94904187A Expired - Lifetime EP0678117B1 (en) 1993-01-07 1993-12-27 Block copolymers as foam regulators in washing or cleaning agents

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0678117B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH08512333A (en)
AT (1) ATE141944T1 (en)
DE (2) DE4300087A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2091132T3 (en)
WO (1) WO1994016044A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5632860A (en) * 1995-07-05 1997-05-27 Betzdearborn Inc. Method of controlling foam in aqueous systems
DE10339479A1 (en) 2003-08-27 2005-05-12 Basf Ag Foam control agent based on cationic urethane oligomers
TWI555800B (en) * 2011-04-04 2016-11-01 拜耳材料科學股份有限公司 Polyurethane urea dispersions

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1069577B (en) * 1959-11-26 Farbenfabriken Bayer Aktiengesellschaft, Leverkusen-Bayerwerk Urethane-based defoamer
GB1465700A (en) * 1974-11-21 1977-02-23 Ici Ltd Surface active compositions
JPS57119807A (en) * 1981-01-19 1982-07-26 Mitsubishi Petrochem Co Ltd Antifoaming agent
MX2781A (en) * 1985-06-27 1993-09-01 Ciba Geigy Ag FOAM INHIBITOR FOR AQUEOUS SYSTEMS

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2091132T3 (en) 1996-10-16
DE59303602D1 (en) 1996-10-02
EP0678117A1 (en) 1995-10-25
WO1994016044A1 (en) 1994-07-21
JPH08512333A (en) 1996-12-24
ATE141944T1 (en) 1996-09-15
DE4300087A1 (en) 1994-07-14

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0991743B1 (en) Detergent and cleaning agent
EP0759947B1 (en) Soil release polyesters
EP4100498B1 (en) Chitosan derivatives as soil release agents
EP3049508B1 (en) Cellulose carbamate as soil release agent
EP3810742B1 (en) Xylose carbamates as soil release agents
EP1592762B1 (en) Detergents or cleaning agents comprising a water-soluble building block system and a cellulose derivative with dirt dissolving properties
WO1996016150A1 (en) Soil-repellent detergent with specific combination of surfactants
EP0381487A1 (en) Detergent formulations
EP0678117B1 (en) Block copolymers as foam regulators in washing or cleaning agents
EP0719167B1 (en) Ester group-containing block polymers suitable as anti-foaming agents for aqueous systems
GB2230022A (en) Detergent formulations
WO1998050509A1 (en) Method for producing granulates with a long shelf life containing soil release polymers and the use thereof for the production of solid detergents and cleaning agents
DE19837195A1 (en) Producing defoaming granulate, for solid detergent, by spraying aqueous silicone emulsion onto pre-product mixture, while drying and granulating
EP0719168B1 (en) Block polymers containing ester groups as anti-foaming agents for aqueous systems
WO2001007551A1 (en) Use of polyvinyl alcohols as detergent additives capable of removing soiling
DE19649288A1 (en) Cotton-active dirt-releasing polymers
EP0808357B1 (en) Highly alkaline detergent with a soil-removing polymer
WO2012010531A1 (en) Prevention of damage to textiles during washing
DE4417686A1 (en) Polyester(s) with soil release properties in washing and cleaning agents
EP0850292B1 (en) Colour transfer-inhibiting washing agent
DE10152308A1 (en) Urethane based polymers obtained by polymerization of polyisocyanates with polymeric polyols useful for strengthening the dirt removal power of detergents in washing textiles, especially cotton or cotton containing textiles
DE4123195A1 (en) WASHING ACTIVE PREPARATION WITH DELAYED RESOLUTION BEHAVIOR AND METHOD FOR THEIR PRODUCTION
EP3289056B1 (en) Use of sulfobetaine-containing detergents and cleaning agents
DE10112136A1 (en) Use of oxidized dextrin derivatives in detergents to reduce textile damage during washing
DE19545723A1 (en) Process for the production of dirt-dissolving granules with dextrin carrier and middle containing them

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19950628

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES FR IT LI NL

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19951030

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES FR IT LI NL

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 141944

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19960915

Kind code of ref document: T

ET Fr: translation filed
REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 59303602

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19961002

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2091132

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: STUDIO JAUMANN

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2091132

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Effective date: 19961227

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Effective date: 19961231

Ref country code: CH

Effective date: 19961231

Ref country code: BE

Effective date: 19961231

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: HENKEL K.G.A.A.

Effective date: 19961231

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

26N No opposition filed
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Effective date: 19970829

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Effective date: 19970902

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19971228

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19980701

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee

Effective date: 19980701

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 19980113

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20051227